三年级英语语法复习大全
三年级英语语法复习大全
语法专项整理(一)名词
1、名词的种类:
专有名词 | China, Beijing, Amy, January, Monday, | ||
普通名词 | 可数名词 | 单数 | a book, a pencil, an apple, an umbrella, |
复数 | books, pencils, apples, umbrellas, | ||
不可数名词 | milk, water, juice, tea, rice, |
2、专有名词:专有名词是指某个人、某些地方、某样物品专有的名称。Children’s Day
专有名词第一个字母要大写,前面不加a, an, the
3、单数名词:
(1)一般名词,在前面加a:a book, a computer,
(2)元音字母开头的名词,在前面加an: an egg, an orange(元音字母是:a, e, i, o, u)
少数例外: an hour, a university (以元音发音为准)
4、复数名词:
规则:
情况 | 规则 | 例词 |
一般情况 | 加s | cats, apples |
o, s, x, ch, sh结尾 | 加e | potatoes, buses, classes, boxes, watches |
辅音字母加y结尾 | 去y加ies | butterfly--butterflies |
元音字母加y结尾 | 加s | days, keys, boys |
f, fe结尾 | 变成ves | leaf--leaves, knife--knives |
不规则:
情况 | 例词 |
改变元音 | foot--feet, tooth--teeth, goose--geese, man--men, woman--women, |
词尾发生变化 | child—children, mouse-- mice |
单复数同形 | sheep--sheep, deer--deer, fish--fish, people--people |
5、不可数名词:在不可数名词前只能加some(一些), much(许多)
(1)液体:water, milk, coke, coffee, juice, tea
(2)气体:air, vapour
(3)不能“个别的”存在:hair, rice, beef, meat, pork, mutton
语法专项整理(二)代词
1、人称代词
人 称 | 单 数 | 复 数 | ||
主 格 | 宾 格 | 主 格 | 宾 格 | |
第一人称 | I | me | we | us |
第二人称 | you | you | you | you |
第三人称 | he | him | they | them |
she | her | |||
it | it |
2、物主代词
人 称 | 单 数 | 复 数 | ||
形容词性 | 名词性 | 形容词性 | 名词性 | |
第一人称 | my | mine | our | ours |
第二人称 | your | yours | your | yours |
第三人称 | his | his | their | theirs |
her | hers | |||
its | its |
3、指示代词:this, that, these, those
如:This is my doll. That is Mary’s.
Look at the those sheep. They are eating grass.
语法专项整理(三)数词
1、 基数词:表示数目的多少
one | one hundred | ||
two | twenty | one thousand | |
three | thirteen | thirty | 三位数要在百位和十位之间加and 如:one hundred and sixteen 116 one hundred and twenty-one 121 |
four | fourteen | forty | |
five | fifteen | fifty | |
six | sixteen | sixty | |
severn | seventeen | seventy | |
eight | eighteen | eighty | |
nine | nineteen | ninety | |
ten | 加teen | 加ty 两位数(非整十)中间加连字符“-” 如:fifty-one 51 | |
eleven | |||
twelve |
2、 序数词:表示顺序#p#副标题#e#
第一至第十 | 第十一至第十九 | 第二十及以上 |
first | eleventh | |
second | twelfth | twentieth |
third | thirteenth | thirtieth |
fourth | fourteenth | fortieth |
fifth | fifteenth | fiftieth |
sixth | sixteenth | sixtieth |
seventh | seventeenth | seventieth |
eighth | eighteenth | eightieth |
ninth | nineteenth | ninetieth |
tenth | 除第1、2、3, 直接加th | ty结尾,变y为ie,再加th |
语法专项整理(五)介词
1、介词的分类
词类 | 例词 |
时间介词 | at 7:00, in the morning, on Monday, before lunch, after dinner, |
方位介词 | on the desk, in the park, at home, under the tree, behind the door, over the bed, in front of the house, near the lake, next to the cinema, |
动向介词 | go to school, jump into the water, climb up the tree, ski down the mountain, run out of the door |
方式介词 | by bike, on foot, play with my friend |
2、at, on, in在表示时间时的区别:
(1)at用于具体的时刻:at 10:05, at noon, at night,
(2)on用于具体的一天(常与星期、节日、具体的某一天连用,也表示某天上午、下午或晚上):
on Monday, on New Year’s Day, on June 1st, on my birthday, on Friday morning, on the weekend,
(3)in用于某一段时间(常与上午、下午、晚上连用,常与月份、季节、年份连用):
in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in March, in spring, in 2007,
语法专项整理(六)There be 结构
1、 概念:There be结构又叫存在句,表示某地存在某物。
2、 There be 结构的肯定句
(1) There is + 可数名词单数 + 地点:There is a book on the desk.
(2) There is + 不可数名词 + 地点:There is some water in the glass
(3) There are + 可数名词复数 + 地点:There are some flowers in the garden.
l 就近原则:若句子中有几个并列的主语,be动词的形式和最近的一个主语保持一致
There is a book and 2 pencils in the bag.
There are many flowers and a tree in the garden.
3、 There be 结构的疑问句(把be动词提到句子前面,若句子中有some,要变为any)
Is there a book on the desk? Is there any water in the glass?
Are there any flowers in the garden?
语法专项整理(七)现在进行时
1、概念:表示说话时正在进行的动作。(提示词:Now, look, listen)
2、构成:be动词 + 现在分词:
形式 | 例句 |
第一人称单数 + am + 现在分词 | I am reading a book. |
第三人称单数+ is + 现在分词 | He is doing homework. She is flying a kite. |
第二人称单数/各人称复数+ are + 现在分词 | We are cooking dinner. They are cleaning the room. |
3、现在分词
规则 | 例词 |
一般情况,加ing | Walk-walking, do-doing |
e结尾,去e加ing | dance-dancing, make-making, write-writing, have-having, |
汉堡单词,双写加ing | run-running, swim-swimming |
语法专项整理(八)一般现在时
1、概念:表示现在存在着的状况,也可理解为习惯性的动作,不断重复发生的事。
提示词:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, every morning, every… ~
2、构成:
分类 | 形式 | 例句 |
Be动词的一般现在时 | 第一人称单数 + am | I am a student. |
第三人称单数 + is | He is a boy. She is pretty | |
第二人称单数/各人称复数 + are | We are good friends. | |
其他动词的一般现在时 | 第三人称单数 + 动词单三形式 | She works in the hospital. He lives in the city. |
其他人称 + 动词原形 | They work in the farm. We live in the village. |
3、动词单三形式:
规则 | 例词 |
一般动词,加s | work—works, make—makes |
o,ch,sh,s,x结尾加es | watch--watches, wash--washes, go--goes, do--does |
辅音字母加y,去y加ies | fly—flies, cry--cries, |
元音字母加y,直接加s | buy--buys, play—plays, stay--stays, |
不规则形式 | have--has are,am—is |
语法专项整理(九)一般将来时
1、概念:表示将来要做的事,要发生的动作。
提示词:tomorrow, tonight, this afternoon, this evening, this weekend, next weekend, next Monday,
2、构成:
(1)be动词 + going to + 动词原形:
I am going to watch TV after dinner.
He is going to buy a book this afternoon.
They are going to go swimming next Sunday.