为您找到与阅读关于医学的书英语相关的共200个结果:
下面是读文网小编整理的医学英语阅读:为何身体劳累却仍难以入眠,以供大家学习参考。
Why is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired? There is no one answer that applies to every individual. But many people fail to note the distinction between fatigue —— physical tiredness —— and sleepiness, the inability to stay awake. It's possible to feel "tired" physically and still be unable to fall asleep, because while your body may be exhausted, you don't feel sleepy. To fall asleep, you need adequate time to unwind, even if you feel fatigued. It's not so easy to simply "turn off."
According to Carl E. Hunt, director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research in Bethesda, Maryland, most people do not allow themselves sufficient deceleration.
Lack of sleep complicates matters even more. Experts say adults need at least 7 to 8 hours of sleep a night to function properly. When you get less sleep than that on consecutive nights, you begin to accrue "sleep debt." As sleep debt increases (and functionality decreases), your body experiences a stress response and begins to release adrenaline(= adrenalin肾上腺素)。 Now a vicious cycle has been created: You experience the feeling of being more and more tired, but your body is increasingly stimulated. "Power sleeping" for more hours on weekends is only a temporary solution. "There is no substitute for getting a good night's sleep on a regular basis," says Hunt.
Most of us, however, don't get the sleep we need. According to the 2002 National Sleep Foundation, Americans sleep an average of 6.9 hours per night during the week, and 58 percent of adults experience symptoms of insomnia a few nights a week or more.
为何你劳累过度却又如此难以入睡?这并没有一个可适用于每一个人的统一答案。但很多人都未注意到疲倦(身体上的劳累)和困倦(无法保持清醒状态)之间的区别。身体上感到“劳累”却仍然无法入睡是可能的,因为你的身体可能感到疲惫,但你不觉得困倦。要入睡,你得有充足的时间来放松,即便你已感到疲倦。要想一下就“转而入睡”,没那么容易。
马里兰州贝塞斯达全国睡眠紊乱研究中心主任卡尔·E·亨特说,大多数人都没有给自己充分的舒缓时间。
缺少睡眠使事情变得更为复杂。专家们说,要使身体机能运转正常,成人每晚至少需要7~8个小时的睡眠。如果你连续数晚睡眠都少于这个时间,你就要开始负上“睡眠债”。当睡眠债越积越多(同时身体机能减退),你的身体将做出压力反应,开始释放肾上腺素。这样就形成了一个恶性循环:你感觉越来越累,但你的身体受到的刺激却越来越强。周末猛补几个小时的觉只是权宜之计。“有规律地每晚睡一个好觉,这是不可替代的,”亨特说。
然而,我们当中大多数人并未睡足我们所需的觉。根据2002年全国睡眠基金会的数据,美国人一周内平均每晚睡眠为6.9个小时,58%的成年人在一周或更长的时间内总有几晚有失眠症状。
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下面是读文网小编整理的医学英语阅读:治疗心病可上酒吧,欢迎大家阅读!
n's health—but in a positive way, a study said. A Leeds University researcher said that the local watering hole's welcoming atmosphere helps men to get rid of the stresses of modern life and is vital for their psychological well-being. Dr. Colin Gill said rather than complain, women should encourage men to pop out for a swift half(=halfpint 半品脱)。“Pub-time allows men to bond with friends and colleagues,”he said.“Men need break-out time as much as women and are mentally healthier for it.”Gill added that men might feel unfulfilled or empty if they had not been to the pub for a week. Gill's report surveyed 900 men on their reasons for going to the pub. More than 40 percent said they went for the conversation, with relaxation and a friendly atmosphere being the other most common reasons. Only one in 10 listed alcohol as the overriding reason.
研究表明,上酒吧会严重影响男性健康——不过是以积极的方式。利兹大学的一位学者宣称本地酒吧里的温馨气氛能帮助男人们摆脱现代生活的压力,对他们的心理健康起着不可或缺的作用。科林·基尔博士说,妇女不但不应该抱怨,反而应当鼓励男人们出去短时间地喝上一两杯。“酒吧消遣是男人与朋友和同事联系的纽带,”他说。“男人和女人一样需要放松时间,这样他们的心理会更健康。”基尔补充说,男人如果连续一周不上酒吧就会觉得空虚和失落。基尔的报告中统计了 900名男子去酒吧的理由。超过40%的人说是为了聊天,说是为了寻求放松和享受酒吧的友好气氛的也占了相当比例。只有1/10的人说去酒吧主要是为了喝酒。
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通常,男人比女人的自杀率高得多。但是在亚洲的发展中国家,年轻女性的自杀率远高于男子。她们容易自杀的原因可能是缺少教育、包办婚姻、失恋等。另一方面,这些亚洲女性的自杀方式和西方女性有很大不同,她们更倾向于使用上吊、农药、自焚等“有效”途径。
Although suicide rates around the world are about three times higher for men than women, evidence is mounting that in developing countries in Asia, suicide is far more common among young women than men.
In a study this week in The Lancet medical journal(《柳叶刀》医学杂志), researchers give the first picture of suicide among young people in India. In a region near Vellore in southern India, more than twice as many young women aged 10 to 19 committed suicide as men in the same age group.
The study found the average suicide rate for women in that age group was 148 per 100,000, compared with 58 suicides per 100,000 men.
Globally, the suicide rate for men is about 24 per 100,000, and about 6.8 per 100,000 for women.
The study looked at a community of 108,000 people in Vellore in southern India over a period of 10 years, from 1992-2001. During that time, there were 122 suicides among the community's roughly 20,000 10- to 19-year-olds. Forty of the suicides were committed by men and 82 by women.
Experts say the latest study was based on too few suicides to be certain the observed rates are valid, but added that the research shows suicide is vastly underreported(v.少报,低估) in the developing world.
"Almost everything we know about suicide comes from Western countries, particularly Europe. So far, we had not looked into other cultures," said Dr. Jose Bertolote, who heads the mental and brain disorders division at the World Health Organization and was not involved with the study.
"The more we look into those cultures we see that the difference between men and women is not as big as it happens to be in Europe, so there is a major cultural element here," he said.
The first evidence that suicide rates are higher among young women than among men in Asia emerged two years ago from a study conducted in rural China. Researchers there found rates of 30.4 suicides per 100,000 women compared with 23.8 suicides per 100,000 men.
The latest study, led by researchers at the Christian Medical College in Vellore is the second one to show a different gender pattern in Asian suicides.
"There is a very major trend here," Bertolote said.
One of the major differences between suicide in the West and in developing countries is the method. It is known from studies in the West that more women than men attempt suicide, but fewer succeed.
Usually, women in Western countries attempt suicide by slashing their wrists or swallowing pills, both methods that are treatable. In rural India, the methods are hanging, poisoning with lethal insecticides that are banned in many other parts of the world and setting oneself on fire. All three are difficult to survive.
Some of the pesticides, widely kept in rural homes, kill within three hours. For women trying to kill themselves in the countryside, where there is no transportation and sometimes no roads, it is often too late by the time they reach a hospital.
There are a few theories why young Asian women are committing suicide at such a high rate.
"It could be because of lack of education, conflicts surrounding the issue of arranged marriages(包办婚姻), love failures, dowries and things like that," said Dr. Lakshmi Vijayakumar, who runs the Sneha Suicide Prevention Center in Chennai, in the Madras region of India.
Overall in India, male suicides start to outnumber the women as they get older, said Vijayakumar, who was not involved with the latest study.
Once the women have children, they become emotionally and psychologically stronger and the suicide rate goes down, she said.
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下面是读文网小编整理的医学英语阅读,以供大家学习参考。
Walking,the world'smost natural exercise, is one of the best ways to keep healthy. It is less dangerous than running. Walking strengthens muscles without stretching them too much and it puts less pressure on bones and joints.Many people are active in what is called fitness walking .They take short walks a few times each week to improve their health .Fitness walking can be done almost anywhere and anytime No special equipment is needed.
Experts advise drinking a lof of liquids, especially water before and after each walk and also gently stretching the muscles and joints that are most likely to become tense during the exercise.
The most effective way to walk is the natural way. Keep your head high and your back straight .In fitness walking it is important to remember your foot steps should fall almost in a straight line.Bend your arms at elbows .Let them swing from the shoulders with each step.
Walking is good for the health of your body.And studies have provided details about the link between walking and your emotional health.A group of students were asked to describe their feelings of energy and tension before a ten-minute fast walk.When they returned,they felt less tired and more full of energy.This feeling lasted one hour .Even after 2 hours the students felt less tired than they had before the experiment.
Short walks can also help make personal problems seem less serious .One group of subjects described the seriousness of their personal problems such as job worries ,or failing marriage.They went for a ten-minute fast walk .When they came back,they said their problems seemed less threatening.Improvements were not observed everyday,but after 3 weeks,the differences became very clear.
步行,世界上最自然的活动,是保持健康的最好的方法之一。它比跑步危险小。步行加强肌肉而不致过度伸展,而且作用于骨胳和关节的压力很小。许多人积极参加所谓健美步行,每周进行几次,短途步行以增进健康。健美步行几乎能在任何时候任何场合进行,不需要特殊器材。
专家建议,在每次步行前后多喝点饮料,尤其是水。同时要轻轻伸展肌肉和关节,它们很可能在运动中紧张起来。
自然地行走是最有效的步行,要保持抬头挺胸的姿式。在健美步行时,要记住你的脚步应走得几乎成直线。胳臂和肘要弯曲,使它们随着每一步以肩为轴进行摆动。
步行对人体健康有益。有关研究提供了关于步行与感情健康之间关系的详尽情况。一组学生在进行10分钟的快速行走前,摘要的讲述了他们对精力和紧张程度的感觉。当他们返回时,他们觉得不那么累并且精力更充沛了。这种感觉持续了1小时,甚至2小时后学生们感觉还是没有活动前疲劳。
短途行走有助于使个人问题似乎不那么严重。一组受试者讲述了他们诸如工作烦恼、婚姻挫折等个人问题把严重性。他们进行了10分钟快速行走,当他们返回时,他们说那些问题不那么严重了。这样的改善并不是每天都能察觉的,但坚持3周后,差别就明显了。
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多阅读一些医学的短篇英语阅读,对于医科专业的学习提高会有所帮助,今天读文网小编在这里为大家分享一些医学英语短文阅读,欢迎大家阅读!
Normal human cells can also become foreign invaders. When an organ such as a liver is transplant (moved) form one person to another, cells from the transplanted organ are seen as enemy invaders by the immune system of the person receiving the organ. The cells of the transplanted organ set off an immunological attack. Killer T cells and antibodies rush to the site, causing organ rejection, and the organ dies. Physicians solve this problem in part with medicines that suppress, or slow down, the immune system.
正常的人体细胞也可能成为外来的入侵者,例如,一个人的肝脏器官移植到另一个人的身体内,接受者的免疫系统视来自被移植器官的细胞为入侵的敌人。被移植器官的细胞将发动一场免疫攻势,杀伤T细胞和抗体就会冲到现场,引起排斥反应,而且这个被移植的器官就会死亡。医生们可以使用抑制或减缓免疫系统的药物部分地解决这一难题。
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下面读文网小编为大家带来医学英语阅读,欢迎大家学习!
Evidence based medicine is the conscientious, explicit, and judicious use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients. The practice of evidence based medicine means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research, By individual clinical expertise we mean the proficiency and judgment that individual clinicians acquire through clinical experience and clinical practice. By best available external clinical evidence we mean clinically relevant research, often from the basic sciences of medicine, but especially from patient centered clinical research into the accuracy and precision of diagnostic tests (including the clinical examination), the power of prognostic markers, and the efficacy and safety of therapeutic, rehabilitative, and preventive regimens, External clinical evidence both invalidates previously accepted diagnostic tests and treatments and replaces them with new ones that are more powerful, more accurate, more efficacious, and safer.
循证医学是一种明确、谨慎、合理运用最佳依据以决定个体患者的医学方法。循证医学实践意味着综合个人临床专业知识与系统研究中可得的最佳外部临床依据。所谓个人临床专长是指临床医师本人从临床经验与临床实践中所获得的熟练程度与判断力。而最佳外部临床依据是指临床相关研究,一般来自基础医学研究,尤其是针对患者的临床研究转化为准确的诊断试验(包括临床检查)、预后标志效应、治疗、康复及预防疗法的效果与安全性。外部临床依据旨在废除过去既定的诊断试验与疗法,并代之以更有力、更准确、更有效、更安全的新方法。
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下面读文网小编为大家带来医学知识英语阅读,欢迎大家学习!
Tell someone enduring life in the desert or jungle that “it's not the heat; it's the humidity,” and you might find yourself with a heated conversation on your hands.
High temperatures of any kind often are uncomfortable and can be deadly, especially when supplemented with 50 pounds of gear on your back.
But humidity takes on a different meaning when you strip away the heavy equipment, add running shoes, shorts and a T-shirt and hit the road.
Of course, low humidity and high temperatures also might produce serious heat-related injuries such as dehydration, heat exhaustion or heatstroke. If the body can't cool itself and isn't properly hydrated, even in mild temperatures, all of these are possible.
But on the road – from a 5-kilometer race to a marathon – humidity is even more devastating to the unprepared runner.
When running, the body's goal is to cool itself. As its temperature rises, the body begins to perspire; the air causes evaporation of perspiration and cools the body. Increase humidity, however, and body heat rises while the evaporation process – and workout progress – slows.
A main reason is that moist air does not provide a “drying” effect on damp skin. With limited ability to evaporate moisture, the cooling effect is reduced, which can lead to heat exhaustion or heatstroke.
Remarkably, however, high humidity's most noticeable side effect might be a misconception.
Thick, moist air typically gives runners the impression they can't get enough oxygen with each breath. But the “limited oxygen” theory is just that, a theory. The body holds onto a small percentage of oxygen with each breath, and the rest is exhaled. So whether the humidity prevents the intake of adequate oxygen is up for debate.
Breathing more likely becomes labored not because of a lack of oxygen with each breath, but because the body is running hotter and needs more oxygen to cool itself.
A few adjustments and a bit of acclimation can reduce high humidity's effects during a run.
First, avoid running during the hottest part of the day, between 11 a.m. and 6 p.m. Many runners prefer evening workouts, and this is better than in the heat of the day, but early-morning runs usually are cooler, and overall air quality is better.
Second, hydration is even more important in high humidity, since the body's cooling ability is reduces.
Finally, humidity's negative effects decline as runners become acclimated to a warm, moist climate. It doesn't happen overnight, so maintain workout schedules and give the body at least two weeks to adjust.
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下面读文网小编为大家带来医学常识英语阅读,欢迎大家学习!
The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute at the National Institutes of Health moved about 45 million Americans closer to high blood pressure last month.
The institute re-evaluated systolic and diastolic blood pressure numbers and moved some “normal” blood pressure totals into a “prehypertension” category.
As I've stated many times – and likely will again – I have no formal medical training.
Everyone should have his blood pressure checked regularly and follow a doctor's advice.
If your pressure is high, don't panic. Hit the road and reduce those numbers.
Typically, high blood pressure is any systolic reading above 139 (top number) or any diastolic reading above 89 (bottom number). Prehypertension, however, is a blood pressure of at least 119 over 79, but below the levels listed above.
If you've worried about your blood pressure, running can help in many ways, but I believe two specific areas are paramount.
The first is combating stress.
Most in military know stress, from life-threatening duty to mobilization and family responsibilities.
An elevated stress level constricts blood vessels, upsets blood flow and requires the heart to work overtime.
However, a regular running regimen forces the mind to focus on endurance, breathing and the exercise itself. Thoughts and worries that cause stress and constrict blood vessels fall away. Blood flow improves, and the heart's efficiency increases. Running also increases the amount of oxygen in the blood.
The National Runner's Health Study, a Berkeley, Calif., research lab, examined about 8,000 male runners and about 2,000 female runners and found that blood pressure in faster runners is lower than that in slower runners.
In an analysis of the study by Jeffery Kahn at the Berkeley lab, faster male runners were 13 times more likely to lower systolic pressure and nearly three times more likely to lower diastolic pressure.
Faster women showed a 5.7 times greater chance of dropping systolic pressure.
Running helps fight high blood pressure by promoting deep breathing during the workout, which helps reduce overall blood pressure.
The process is simple. The deeper each breath, the more oxygen enters the blood stream – again moving more oxygen with each heartbeat and relieving the strain on the heart.
With the stress-relieving effect and deep breathing, a frequent-running regimen should keep rising blood pressure at bay and lower pressure over time.
At the same time – and as correct as the heart-institute study might be – getting riled by numbers that yesterday were “normal” and today are considered prehypertensive is counterproductive.
I'm now in the prehypertension category, and I've been so for 20 years, so I'm going to keep running and not worry about it.
My first trip to the gym after the war started was an attempt to reduce the stress that was building and overwhelming me through the week.
So, being a big fan of spinning – indoor biking – I decided to take a seat in the class at my gym.
Five minutes into the warm-up, I felt the tension in my head slip away. Surrounded by fellow spin junkies, the talk was lively.
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下面读文网小编为大家带来医学英语经典阅读,欢迎大家学习!
As the hibernating bear inside of us wakes with the warm temperatures, many hit the running trails, walking paths and softball fields. However, a common problem that newly renewed exercise enthusiasts have is overtraining. This overuse, according to physical therapist Melinda Tarquinio, can lead to injury.
Sometimes, it's the 20-to-40-year-old crowd getting sore shoulders from too much softball and not enough stretching, Tarquinio said. But injuries also happen outside the realm of physical training. “Some people just doing everyday activities such as cutting their grass,” she said. Tarquinio said many patients write off their injuries as simple soreness and keep playing or exercising, causing more damage.
Ignored injuries can become chronic injuries, and “the inflammatory process keeps occurring over and over. If it's something where you strained a tendon, then it becomes tendonitis. It's going to weaken that muscle and take longer to heal,” Tarquinio said.
Daniel Higgins, a physical therapist, said injuries can cause a domino effect of ailments when not treated. “When the body is not ready for all that kind of stress, it leads up to some kind of injury,” he said. “It's not one big injury. It's a tiny little injury that happens a hundred times and, then, the tissue becomes irritated or inflamed. … Now, you are at risk for injury in other structures because everything is not working together like it should.”
One way to prevent these injuries is to stay active year-round. Any physical activity should be undertaken gradually and include cardiovascular, flexibility and strength exercises, Tarquinio said.
Another key to preventing injuries is through stretching and increasing flexibility. Tarquinio recommends a five-to-ten-minute warm-up, such as walking or biking, followed by stretching the major muscle groups, which include the leg muscles, large back muscles, chest and shoulders. Hold each stretch at least 30 seconds, performing each stretch two or three times. After working out, stretch again.
However, if you feel that you might have a sports-related injury, seek help from a physician. “If it's something that does not go away within five to seven days, I would seek a doctor's opinion,” Tarquinio said. If you do not feel that your injury is serious enough to warrant a trip to the doctor, Tarquinio recommends treating the injury – within the first 72 hours – using the “RICE” method: rest, ice, compression and elevation.
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下面读文网小编为大家带来关于药物知识医学英语阅读,欢迎大家学习!
The physicochemical properties of a drug govern its absorptive potential, but the properties of the dosage form (which partly depend on its design and manufacture) can largely determine drug bioavailability. Differences in bioavailability among formulations of a given drug can have clinical significance. Thus, the concept of equivalence among drug products is important in making clinical decisions. Chemical equivalence refers to drug products that contain the same compound in the same amount and that meet current official standards; however, inactive ingredients in drug products may differ. Bioequivalence refers to chemical equivalents that, when administered to the same person in the same dosage regimen, result in equivalent concentrations of drug in blood and tissues. Therapeutic equivalence refers to drug products that, when administered to the same person in the same dosage regimen, provide essentially the same therapeutic effect or toxicity. Bioequivalent products are expected to be therapeutically equivalent.
Sometimes therapeutic equivalence may be achieved despite differences in bioavailability. For example, the therapeutic index (ratio of the maximum tolerated dose to the minimum effective dose) of penicillin is so wide that moderate blood concentration differences due to bioavailability differences in penicillin products may not affect therapeutic efficacy or safety. In contrast, bioavailability differences are important for a drug with a relatively narrow therapeutic index.
The physiologic characteristics and comorbidities of the patient also affect bioavailability.
Absorption rate is important because even when a drug is absorbed completely, it may be absorbed too slowly to produce a therapeutic blood level quickly enough or so rapidly that toxicity results from high drug concentrations after each dose.
Causes of Low Bioavailability
When a drug rapidly dissolves and readily crosses membranes, absorption tends to be complete, but absorption of orally administered drugs is not always complete. Before reaching the vena cava, a drug must move down the GI tract and pass through the gut wall and liver, common sites of drug metabolism; thus, a drug may be metabolized (first-pass metabolism) before it can be measured in the systemic circulation. Many drugs have low oral bioavailability because of extensive first-pass metabolism. For such drugs (eg, isoproterenol, norepinephrine, testosterone), extraction in these tissues is so extensive that bioavailability is virtually zero. For drugs with an active metabolite, the therapeutic consequence of first-pass metabolism depends on the contributions of the drug and the metabolite to the desired and undesired effects.
Low bioavailability is most common with oral dosage forms of poorly water-soluble, slowly absorbed drugs. More factors can affect bioavailability when absorption is slow or incomplete than when it is rapid and complete, so slow or incomplete absorption often leads to variable therapeutic responses.
Insufficient time in the GI tract is a common cause of low bioavailability. Ingested drug is exposed to the entire GI tract for no more than 1 to 2 days and to the small intestine for only 2 to 4 h. If the drug does not dissolve readily or cannot penetrate the epithelial membrane (eg, if it is highly ionized and polar), time at the absorption site may be insufficient. In such cases, bioavailability tends to be highly variable as well as low. Age, sex, activity, genetic phenotype, stress, disease (eg, achlorhydria, malabsorption syndromes), or previous GI surgery can affect drug bioavailability.
Reactions that compete with absorption can reduce bioavailability. They include complex formation (eg, between tetracycline and polyvalent metal ions), hydrolysis by gastric acid or digestive enzymes (eg, penicillin and chloramphenicol palmitate hydrolysis), conjugation in the gut wall (eg, sulfoconjugation of isoproterenol), adsorption to other drugs (eg, digoxin and cholestyramine), and metabolism by luminal microflora.
Assessment of Bioavailability
Assessment of bioavailability from plasma concentration-time data usually involves determining the maximum (peak) plasma drug concentration, the time at which maximum plasma drug concentration occurs (peak time), and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve. The plasma drug concentration increases with the extent of absorption; the peak is reached when the drug elimination rate equals absorption rate. Bioavailability determinations based on the peak plasma concentration can be misleading, because drug elimination begins as soon as the drug enters the bloodstream. The most widely used general index of absorption rate is peak time; the slower the absorption, the later the peak time. However, peak time is often not a good statistical measure because it is a discrete value that depends on frequency of blood sampling and, in the case of relatively flat concentrations near the peak, on assay reproducibility.
AUC is the most reliable measure of bioavailability. It is directly proportional to the total amount of unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation. For an accurate measurement, blood must be sampled frequently over a long enough time to observe virtually complete drug elimination. Drug products may be considered bioequivalent in extent and rate of absorption if their plasma-level curves are essentially superimposable. Drug products that have similar AUCs but differently shaped plasma-level curves are equivalent in extent but differ in their absorption rate-time profiles.
Single vs. multiple doses: Bioavailability may be assessed after single or repetitive (multiple) dosing. More information about rate of absorption is available after a single dose than after multiple dosing. However, multiple dosing more closely represents the usual clinical situation, and plasma concentrations are usually higher than those after a single dose, facilitating data analysis. After multiple dosing at a fixed-dosing interval for four or five elimination half-lives, the blood drug concentration should be at steady state (the amount absorbed equals the amount eliminated within each dosing interval). The extent of absorption can then be analyzed by measuring the AUC during a dosing interval. Measuring the AUC over 24 h is probably preferable because of circadian variations in physiologic functions and because of possible variations in dosing intervals and absorption rates during a day.
For drugs excreted primarily unchanged in urine, bioavailability can be estimated by measuring the total amount of drug excreted after a single dose. Ideally, urine is collected over a period of 7 to 10 elimination half-lives for complete urinary recovery of the absorbed drug. Bioavailability may also be assessed after multiple dosing by measuring unchanged drug recovered from urine over 24 h under steady-state conditions.
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My neighbor Mrs. Gargan first told me about it."Have you seen the tree?" she asked as I was sitting in the backyard enjoying the October twilight.
关于那棵树,最初是我的邻居加根太太告诉我的。“你见过那棵树吗?”她问道,当时我正坐在后院欣赏十月的暮色。
"The one down at the corner," she explained. "It's a beautiful tree-all kinds of colors.Cars are stopping to look. You ought to see it."
“就是下去拐角处的那棵”她解释说,“漂亮极了—五颜六色的。好多车路过都停下来看,你该去看看。”
I told her I would, but I soon forgot about the tree. Three days later, I was jogging down the street, my mind swimming with petty worries, when a splash of bright orange caught my eye. For an instant, I thought someone's house had caught fire. Then I remembered the tree.
我对她说我会去看的,可转眼就忘记了关于树的事。三天后,我顺着街道慢跑,脑子里充斥着恼人的小事,忽然,一片耀眼的橘红色映入眼帘,有一会儿,我还以为是谁家的房子着火了呢,但我马上想到了那棵树。
As I approached it, I slowed to a walk. There was nothing remarkable about the shape of the tree. a medium-sized maple. But Mrs. Gargan had been right about its colors.Like the messy whirl of an artist's palette, the tree blazed a bright crimson on its lower branches, burned with vivid yellows and oranges in its center. and simmered to deep red at its top. Through these fiery colors cascaded thin rivulets of pale-green leaves and blotches of deep-green leaves, as yet untouched by autumn.
我慢慢走近它.就像朝圣者缓缓步向神殿,我发现靠近树梢的地方有几根光秃秃的枝丫,上面黑乎乎的小枝像鹰爪一般伸向天空。枯枝上落下的叶子一片猩红,像地毯似的铺在树干周围。
Edging closer-like a pilgrim approaching a shrine-I noticed several bare branches near the top, their black twigs scratching the air like claws.The leaves they had shed lay like a scarlet carpet around the trunk.
当我靠近树时,禁不住放慢了脚步。树的形状并没有什么非凡之处,是一棵中等大小的枫树。但加根太太说得不错,它的色彩确实奇特,像画家调色板中斑斓的颇料,令人眼花缭乱。树底部的枝丫好似一片鲜红的火海,树的中部燃烧着明快的黄色和橘色,顶部的树梢又爆发着深红色。在这火一样的色彩中,流淌着浅绿的叶子汇成的小溪,深绿的叶子斑驳点缀其间,似乎至今末曾受到过秋天的侵袭。
With its varied nations of color, this tree seemed to become a globe, embracing in its broad branches all seasons and continents: the spring and summer of the Southern hemisphere in the light and dark greens, the autumn and winter of the Northern in the blazing yellows and bare branches.
这棵枫树集各种颇色于一体。如果一种颜色就是一个国家,枫树俨然成了一个缤纷的地球,它张开宽大的枝条,历数着四季轮回,容纳着五湖四海。深浅错落的绿叶,昭示着南半球的春夏,耀眼的黄叶和光秃秃的枝丫勾勒出北半球的秋冬。整个星球就围绕这一时空的交集点和谐运转。
As I marveled at this all-encompassing beauty, I thought of Ralph Waldo Emerson's comments about the stars. If the constellations appeared only once in a thousand years, he observed in Nature, imagine what an exciting event it would be. But because they're up there every night, we barely give them a look.
我为这棵树无所不包的美而惊叹不已。这时,我想起了著名作家拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生有关星星的评论。他在《自然》一书中写道:倘若星座一千年才出现一次,那么,星座的出现是一桩多么激动人心的事;可正因为星座每夜都挂在天上,人们才很少去看上一眼。
I felt the same way about the tree. Because its majesty will last only a week, it should be especially precious to us. And I had almost missed it.
对于眼前这棵树,我也有同感。它此时的华美只能维持一个星期,所以它对于我们就相当珍贵。可我竟差一点错过了。
Once when Emily Dickenson's father noticed a brilliant display of northern lights in the sky over Massachusetts, he tolled a church bell to alert townspeople. That's what I felt like doing about the tree. I wanted to become a Paul Revere of autumn, awakening the countryside to its wonder.
有一次,当埃米莉·迪金森的父亲偶然看见马萨诸塞州上空一道炫目的北极光时,他立刻跑到教堂鸣钟告知所有市民。现在,我也产生了同样的想法,我要向世人宣扬这棵树。我愿成为秋天的信使。让田园乡村每一个角落的人们都了解它的神奇。
I didn't have a church bell or a horse, but as I walked home, I did ask each neighbor I passed the same simple but momentous question Mrs. Gargan had asked me: "Have you seen the tree?"
可我没有教堂的大钟,也没有快马,但当我走在回家的路上,我会问遇见的每一位邻居加根太太曾问过我的那个极其简单又极其重要的问题:“你见过那棵树吗?”
初学者英语阅读美文相关
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Steve, a twelve-year-old boy with alcoholic parents, was about to be lost forever,
by the U.S. education system. Remarkably, he could read, yet, in spite of his reading
skills, Steve was failing. He had been failing since first grade, as he was passed on
from grade to grade. Steve was a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a twelve
year old, yet, Steve went unnoticed... until Miss White.
Miss White was a smiling, young, beautiful redhead, and Steve was in love! For the first time in his young life, he couldn’t take his eyes off his teacher; yet, still he
failed. He never did his homework, and he was always in trouble with Miss White. His
heart would break under her sharp words, and when he was punished for failing to turn in his homework, he felt just miserable! Still, he did not study.
In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was tested
for basic skills. Steve hurried through his tests, and continued to dream of other things, as the day wore on. His heart was not in school, but in the woods, where he
often escaped alone, trying to shut out the sights, sounds and smells of his alcoholic
home. No one checked on him to see if he was safe. No one knew he was gone, because no one was sober enough to care. Oddly, Steve never missed a day of school.
One day, Miss White’s impatient voice broke into his daydreams.
“Steve!!” Startled, he turned to look at her.
“Pay attention!”
Steve locked his gaze on Miss White with adolescent adoration, as she began to go over the test results for the seventh grade.
“You all did pretty well,” she told the class, “except for one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this, but...” She hesitated, pinning Steve to his seat with a sharp stare, her eyes searching his face.
“...The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class!”
She just stared at Steve, as the class spun around for a good look. Steve dropped his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
After that, it was war!! Steve still wouldn’t do his homework. Even as the
punishments became more severe, he remained stubborn.
“Just try it! ONE WEEK!” He was unmoved.
“You’re smart enough! You’ll see a change!” Nothing fazed him.
“Give yourself a chance! Don’t give up on your life!” Nothing.
“Steve! Please! I care about you!”
Wow! Suddenly, Steve got it!! Someone cared about him? Someone, totally unattainable and perfect, CARED ABOUT HIM??!!
Steve went home from school, thoughtful, that afternoon. Walking into the house, he took one look around. Both parents were passed out, in various stages of undress, and the stench was overpowering! He, quickly, gathered up his camping gear, a jar of peanut butter, a loaf of bread, a bottle of water, and this time...his schoolbooks. Grim faced
and determined, he headed for the woods.
The following Monday he arrived at school on time, and he waited for Miss White to enter the classroom. She walked in, all sparkle and smiles! God, she was beautiful! He yearned for her smile to turn on him. It did not.
Miss White, immediately, gave a quiz on the weekend homework. Steve hurried through the test, and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of surprise, Miss White took his paper. Obviously puzzled, she began to look it over. Steve walked back to his desk, his heart pounding within his chest. As he sat down, he couldn’t resist another
look at the lovely woman.
Miss White’s face was in total shock! She glanced up at Steve, then down, then up.
Suddenly, her face broke into a radiant smile. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!
From that moment nothing was the same for Steve. Life at home remained the same, but life still changed. He discovered that not only could he learn, but he was good at it!
He discovered that he could understand and retain knowledge, and that he could translate the things he learned into his own life. Steve began to excel! And he continued this course throughout his school life.
After high-school Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a successful military
career. During that time, he met the love of his life, he raised a family, and he
graduated from college Magna Cum Laude. During his Naval career, he inspired many young people, who without him, might not have believed in themselves. Steve began a second career after the Navy, and he continues to inspire others, as an adjunct professor in a nearby college
Miss White left a great legacy. She saved one boy who has changed many lives. I
know, because I am the love of his life.
You see, it’s simple, really. A change took place within the heart of one boy, all
because of one teacher, who cared.
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It is alway a wonder-ful time to gaze at the beauty ofnature in the morning.
清晨,凝视着大自然的美景,总是美妙的。
It makes our minds become so peaceful and calm
这样会让我们的心变得宁静安然,
that all our worries and sorrows leave us at once.
忧虑和愁苦就会立刻远离我们。
But as residents of the city,
但是作为城市的居民,
we can hardly enjoy nature's morning beauty,
我们很难欣赏大自然的清晨美景,
despite the fact that we rise at dawn.
尽管我们黎明即起。
The morning peaceful atmosphere is in- variably spoiled by the usual city life.
清晨的宁静气氛总是会被惯常的城市生活破坏。
Even before daybreak
甚至在天还未破晓时,
the trams and buses have already begun to disturb the silence.
电车和公共汽车早已打破了寂静。
And the sounds made by the brooms of the street-sweepers are the typical noises
清洁工的扫帚声是典型的噪声,
that jar your ears in the early morning in the streets of a city.
在清晨的城市的街道,它刺激着你的耳朵。
Soon,school children and office workers begin to set off to their destinations.
不久,学生和办公室职员开始动身到他们的目的地去。
The streets are jammed by pubic vehicles and motorcars.
街上堵塞着公交车和小汽车,
The roads are all crowded with people of all ranks.
路上挤满了人。
Buses are packed with passengers who are squashed so tightly together
公共汽车里挤满了乘客他们挤得紧紧的,
that they seem to be tinned sardines.
看起来像是装在罐头里的沙丁鱼。
At this hour,the city everywhere is filled with all sorts of noises,
此刻,城市到处都混杂着各种嘈杂声,
adding to the rumbling of trams
再加上电车的隆隆声,
and the honks of the big and small motorcars,commercial vehicles,etc.
大小汽车,货车等等的喇叭声。
It seems the city in the morning
似乎早晨的城市
is like an exodus of all the citizens from their homes.
就像是所有市民从他们家成群结队地走出来。
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"Mom?"I instantly recognized the odd tone in mydaughter Maura's voice.
"妈妈?"从女儿莫娜的口语中,我立刻意识到有点不对劲。
"Mom,one of my friends in the dorm tried to killherself.
"妈妈,我宿舍里有位同学要自杀。
She took pills.We made her throw them up,
她吃了许多安眠药。我们已想办法让她吐了出来,
then sat up with her all night,talking. She's tried thisbefore,Mom."
还整夜陪她坐着,劝她。妈妈,她以前也试着这样做过。"
"Did your friend get medical attention?"
"你的朋友看过医生没有?
I asked,trying to hit the right note in my own voice.
我强作镇静地问她。
"No,she's okay now, and she doesn't want us to report her."
"没有,她现在一点事儿都没有,而且她不要我们告诉别人。"
"You kids can't handle this kind of problem by yourselves,"
"你们还小,是无法处理这些事情的,"
I warned."Your friend needs professional help.
我告诫她。"你的朋友需要专业人士的帮助。
Tell your resident adviser what happened.She'll know what to do."
把我的一些告诉你们的舍监。她会知道怎么处理的。"
What a load for an 18-year-old.
对18岁的孩子而言,这个责任太大了。
"I was scared,Mom. You can't imagine how scared."
"妈妈,我好害怕。你根本就想象不出有多可怕啊。"
Yes,I can,Maura.I'm scared too--for your friend and for you.
不,我想象得出,莫娜,我也好担心呀,担心你的朋友,也担心你呀。
"All we could do was to hold her hand and listen."
"我们所能做的就是握住她的手,听她诉说。"
If only I could hold Maura's hand that very moment.
但愿此刻我能握住莫娜的手。
After hanging up the phone,
打了电话之后,
I thought of all the right things I might have said,and didn't
我想起了我应该说而没有说的所有的话。
Ours is an affectionate family,
虽然我们家是个温馨的家。
but we are inclined to show,not tell our feelings.
但是我们都倾向于表现而不是说出自己的感受。
How do you hug a child long-distance?
怎么去拥抱你那天各一方的孩子呢?
I had copied a poem to send to each of my college daughters
我总是给每个上大学的女儿抄写一首诗寄给她们,
when,as now, the occasion warranted.
每当碰到像现在这样的情况。
It was from a little book by Susan Polis Schutz called Don't Be Afraid to Love.
这首诗选自苏珊.波利斯.舒尔茨的一本小册子,书名是《大胆去爱》。
The jacket flyleaf said her poems strike a responsive chord with readers.
该书扉页上的评论说她的诗歌可以引起读者心灵的共鸣。
This one did for me:
这首诗确实适合我:
I am always here to understand you I am always here to laugh with you
我一直陪伴左右与你心心相印我总是在你身旁与你笑语吟吟
I am always here to cry with you I am always here to talk to you
我时时鞍前马后与你同声哭泣我天天端坐眼前与你促膝谈心
I am always here to think with you I am always here to plan with you
我时刻如影随形与你仔细思寻我经常与你相依相偎与你计议前程
even though we might not always be together
尽管我俩也许无法永不分离
please know that I am always here to love you
不过请你相信任天涯海角我爱你永远是刻骨铭心
Maura called the day she got my letter.
莫娜收到我信的当天,就给我打来了电话。
Her friend was all right,she said,and got counseling.
她说,她的朋友平安无事,并且接受了劝告。
"I gave her a copy of the poem you sent
"我把你给我的那首诗抄了一份送给她,
and she is carrying it in her wallet for moral support.
她把那首诗放在钱包里作为精神支柱。
I put the original on the message board on my door."
我把那份原件贴在了房门的告示板上。"
My tongue tied again as it reached for something to say.
话到嘴边我却再次什么都说不出来了。
"About that physics grade,"I changed the subject abruptly.
"物理成绩怎么样,"我赶紧岔开话题。
"Now that this crisis is over,
"既然这个非常事件过去了,
you have to buckle down and work harder Maura."
你就应该埋头苦干好好读文网,莫娜。"
on and on I went, playing the taskmaster,the preacher--
我重复了一遍又一遍,扮演着导师,牧师的角色,
at no loss at all for words in those roles.
不失时机地重复这些话语。
The following Saturday,there was a letter to me from Maura.What now?
随后的星期六,我收到了莫娜的一封信。这为什么呢?
She never wrote letters.Maybe I was too tough on her.
她是从不写信的。也许我对她太苛刻了吧,
Is something so bad that she's afraid to tell me on the phone?
还是有什么难言之隐不便在电话里说呢?
The note was short:
信很短:
"Dear Mom: In case you were wondering,
亲爱的妈妈:您毋须一天到晚担惊受怕,
'I am always here to understand you.' Love,Maura.
'我一直陪伴左右,与您心心相印。'爱您的莫娜。
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Through the cold winter wasteland a man trudged, leaning into the harsh wind which spitefully tried to force him back. He was covered from head to toe in layers of thick clothing, layers of protection against the harsh environment. On he fought, searching, searching. He was working so hard. This must be the way.
在寒冷的冬季,以为男子在荒地中的前行举步维艰,狂风肆虐几乎要将他吹倒。他从头到脚包裹着厚厚的衣物,用来抵御这恶劣的环境。他不遗余力的寻找着,寻找着,一定有办法。
In the distance he saw what looked like steam rising out of the ground. It rose a few feet and then was quickly whipped away by the biting wind. He altered his course and turned towards the steam, gaining some blessed relief as he turned his chapped face out of the gale.
远远地他看见有蒸汽从地下往上冒,只有短短几英尺。接着狂风拖曳着他往回,他改变了方向超蒸汽那里出发,感谢上天他开裂的脸蛋不再曝露在狂风之中。
As he got closer, he thought he could make out voices. Their tone was unfamiliar to him - musical, relaxed and warm - their melody enticed him closer. Finally he got close enough to peer through the mist.
他渐渐走近,发现自己可以说话了。对方的声音听起来很陌生,但是如同音乐一般让人感觉到放松,温暖。他们的旋律吸引着他不断靠近。最后,在迷雾中他靠近了他们。
There before him was a remarkable sight. In the midst of the frozen wasteland, cut into the ground was a large pool. Several people were in the pool, they seemed to be floating easily without any effort. As they saw him approach, a woman called out to him.
在旅人面前呈现出一个奇妙的场景。在刺骨寒冷的湿地中,地面上有这么大一个池塘。有不少人在其中,毫不费力地在池中飘来飘去。在旅人靠近之时,一位女士叫住了他。
"Come in here. It is lovely and warm. You can just lie back and relax," said the woman.
“进来吧,这里温暖舒适。你可以躺下放松。”女士说道。
"I can't. There are no steps." The man replied.
“我不能,这里都没有台阶。”旅人答道。
"Just jump in. It really is lovely in here. Come on. Theoure's plenty of room for another." Another of the floaters joined in the persuasion.
“只要跳进来就好了,这里很棒,快点,还有不少位子呢。”池中其他人也附和说道。
"But what if I don't like it, how will I get out? The sides are too high to reach up to."
“但是如果我不喜欢这里了,怎么出来?边缘太高很难出来。”
"Believe me, you won't want to get out. Come on. It is so good in here."
“相信我,你不会想要出来的,快点进来,这里真的很好。”
But he decided not to jump in. And that was a wise decision.
但他没有往下跳。而这是个明治的选择。
There're many things and people in life like this pool. They promise you life can be easy.
生活中有很多人和事像这个水池一样,他们像你承诺无忧无虑。
But in fact, they are traps that you can't come back from.
但实际上,他们都是能让你万劫不复的陷阱。
Life is hard. Stay wise. And fight.
生活是艰难的,请保持睿智,并战斗下去。
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在大学学习英语,坚持阅读英语美文是最好的学习方法,下面读文网小编为大家带来大学英语美文,欢迎大家阅读!
One day, when I was a freshman in high school, I saw a kid from my class walking home from school. His name was Kyle. It looked like he was carrying all of his books. I thought to myself, "Why would anyone bring home all his books on a Friday? He must really be a nerd." I had quite a weekend planned (parties and a football game with my friend tomorrow afternoon), so I shrugged my shoulders and went on. As I was walking, I saw a bunch of kids running toward him. They ran at him, knocking all his books out of his arms and tripping him so he landed in the dirt. His glasses went flying, and I saw them land in the grass about ten feet from him. He looked up and I saw this terrible sadness in his eyes. So, I jogged over to him and as he crawled around looking for his glasses, and I saw a tear in his eye. As I handed him his glasses, I said, "Those guys are jerks. They really should get lives.
当我还在上高一时,有一天,我看到我们班的一个孩子正步行回家。他叫凯尔。他似乎背着所有的书。我心想:“为什么有人在周五就把所有的书都带回家呢?他肯定是个书呆子。”我的周末计划得非常详细(先是派对,在第二天下午和我的朋友踢足球)。因此我耸了耸肩,走开了。正走着,我看到一帮孩子朝他跑去。他们追上他,把他所有的书都从怀里扔到地上并把他绊倒,结果他摔在污泥里,眼镜也被打飞了,我看到它落在离他10英尺远的草地上。他抬起头时,我看到他眼里极度悲伤的表情。因此,我慢步向他跑过去。在他爬着寻找眼镜时,我看到了他眼中的泪水。 我把眼镜递给他,说道:“那些家伙都是些蠢蛋,他们真该遭到报应。”
He looked at me and said, "Hey thanks!" There was a big smile on his face. It was one of those smiles that showed real gratitude. I helped him pick up his books, and asked him where he lived. As it turned out, he lived near me, so I asked him why I had never seen him before. He said he had gone to private school before now.
他看了看我,说:“嗨,谢谢了!”笑容在他脸上展现。正是这样的笑显示出了真正的感激。我帮他捡起书,问他住在哪里。原来他住得离我很近。于是我就问他,怎么以前我从没有见过他呢,他说在来这所学校以前他上的是私立学校。
We talked all the way home, and I carried his books. He turned out to be a pretty cool kid. I asked him if he wanted to play football on Saturday with me and my friends. He said yes. The more I got to know Kyle, the more I liked him. And my friends thought the same of him.Monday morning came, and there was Kyle with the huge stack of books again. I stopped him and said, "Dim boy, you are gonna really build some serious muscles with this pile of books everyday!" He just laughed and handed me half the books.
我们一路聊着回家,我帮他拿着书。他原来竟是一位非常讨人喜欢的孩子,我问他是否周六想跟我及我的朋友一起踢足球。他答应了。对凯尔了解得越多,我越是喜欢他。我的朋友也都这么认为。到了周一早晨,凯尔又要背上那个巨大的书包了。我制止他,说:“傻孩子,你每天背这么一大堆书,想练就一身强壮的肌肉呀!”他只是笑,并把一半书都递给了我。
Over the next four years, Kyle and I became best friends. When we were seniors, we began to think about college. Kyle decided on Georgetown, and I was going to Duke. I knew that we would always be friends, that the miles would never be a problem.
接下来的四年里,凯尔和我成为最好的朋友。到了高年级后,我们开始考虑上大学的事。凯尔决定去乔治敦,而我要去杜克。我知道我们永远都是朋友,距离决不会成为问题。
Kyle was valedictorian of our class. I teased him all the time about being a nerd. He had to prepare a speech for graduation. I was so glad it wasn't me having to get up there and speak.
凯尔是我们班致告别词的学生代表。 我总是取笑他是一个书呆子。他必须为毕业准备一个演讲。我很庆幸不是我要站在那儿演讲。
Graduation day, I saw Kyle.. He looked great. He was one of those guys that really found themselves during high school. He had more dates than me and all the girls loved him! Boy, sometimes I was jealous.
毕业日来临了——我看到了凯尔,他看起来帅极了。他是那些在高中真正把握住自己的人之一。他的约会比我还要多,几乎所有的女孩都喜欢他。 天哪,有时候我都有些嫉妒。
Today was one of those days. I can see that he was nervous about his speech. So, I smacked him on the back and said, "Hey, big guy, you'll be great!" He looked at me with one of those looks (the really grateful one) and smiled."Thanks," he said. As he started his speech, he cleared his throat, and began. "Graduation is a time to thank those who helped you make it through those tough years. Your parents, your teachers, your siblings, maybe a coach.... but mostly your friends. I am here to tell all of you that being a friend to someone is the best gift you can give him or her. I am going to tell you a story." I just looked at my friend with disbelief as he told the story of the first day we met. He had planned to kill himself over the weekend. He talked of how he had cleaned out his locker so his Mom wouldn't have to do it later and was carrying his stuff home. He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. "Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me from doing the unspeakable."
今天就是这样。我能看出他对于演讲有些紧张。因此,我拍了拍他的后背,说:“嗨,大小伙子,你会很出色的!”他看了看我,带着那样的表情(真正出于感激的那种),笑了。“谢谢,”他说。开始演讲时,他清了清喉咙,开始说:“毕业的时候,你应该感谢那些帮助你度过最困难时期的人。你的父母、老师、兄弟姐妹、也许还有教练……但主要是你的朋友。我在这儿要告诉你们,做别人的朋友是你能给予他们的最好礼物。我要给你们讲一个故事。”我不敢置信地望着我的朋友,他讲的就是我们第一天相遇的故事。他本来打算要在那个周末自杀,他谈到自己如何把课桌收拾干净,把他所有的东西都带回家,这样就不用妈妈以后再收拾了。他直直地看着我,给了我一个笑容。“谢天谢地,我获救了。我的朋友阻止了我去做那不堪设想的事情。”
I heard the gasp go through the crowd as this handsome, popular boy told us all about his weakest moment. I saw his Mom and Dad looking at me and smiling that same grateful smile. Not until that moment did I realize it's depth.
当这位帅气的、受欢迎的男孩告诉我们有关他的最脆弱的时刻时,我听到人群中都深吸了一口气。我看到他的爸爸妈妈都看着我,带着同样感激的微笑。直到那时我才意识到它的深刻。
Never underestimate the power of your actions. With one small gesture you can change a person's life. For better or for worse.
决不要低估你的行动的力量,一个简单的举止也许会改变人的一生,无论是好是坏。
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如今没有一口流利的英语,了解一些简单的日常英语对话技巧也是很有必要的!今天读文网小编在这里为大家分享一些谈论饮食英语情景对话,希望这些英语对话会对大家有所帮助!
A:Let's have seafood for a change.How about oyster and lobster?
我们吃海鲜换换口味吧.牡蛎和龙吓怎么样?
B:I couldn't agree more!
B:我完全同意!
A:Anything else you want to add?
A:你还要加点什么吗?
B:Oh,yeah,two beers.
B:噢,对了,两杯啤酒。
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