为您找到与虚拟语气的用法归纳百度文库相关的共200个结果:
当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法,愿望,假想,猜测,怀疑或建议,而不是根据客观实际,就用虚拟语气。下面,就让读文网小编把整理到的关于虚拟语气的用法的资料列出来, 以供大家参考。
虚拟语气在状语从句中的运用除了可以表示条件外,还可以表示比较、结果、目的等。虚拟语气用于表示条件的状语从句中,一般称为虚拟条件句。根据时间的不同,虚拟条件句中谓语动词时态的变化可能有三种形式,即现在、过去和将来。
If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender, and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.(2001年 TEXT1)
这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句。If it did是条件状语从句。主句中主语是it;谓语动词有两个,分别是would open up...和look for...。
这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时,主句用would+动词原形open up和look for。
参考译文:如果它能注意这个问题的话,它就会拓展其雇员多样化项目,而目前的项目只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工,去雇佣那些在世界观、价值观、教育背景及社会阶层方面各不相同的记者。
虚拟语气除了用作状语从句中外,还可以用作主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等名词性从中。
第一, 虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用
当it作形式主语,后面用形容词作表语,即在it is + adj.这样的句型中,当描述主语的表语形容词是advisable,critical,crucial,desirable,essential,imperative,important,incredible,inevitable,necessary,recommend,strange,urgent等形容词时,主语从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气,如果是现在时,谓语动词用should/would +动词原形(should/would经常省略);如果是过去时,则用should/would + have done的形式。
It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably,the retreat from predominance proved painful.
这是一个含有主语从句的复合句。句首的It是形式主语,真正主语是that从句,该主语从句使用了虚拟语气should+完成时。(2000年 TEXT1)参考译文:随着其他国家日益富裕,美国的这一优势地位逐渐下降是不可避免的。惟其不可避免,从优势地位上退出愈发痛苦不堪。
名词advice、assumption、decision、demand、desire、insistence、order、proposal、requirement、recommendation、suggestion……后面若有同位语从句,从句的谓语动词也应使用虚拟语气的形式。
Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”,with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. (2005年 TEXT1)
这是个含有同位语从句的复合句。that引导的同位语从句的谓语动词由would+动词原形be构成。
参考译文:这样的行为被认为“完全是人类独有的特点”,其潜在的含义是其它动物没有这种敏锐的委屈感。
与同位语从句一样,若主语是某些特定动词的同根名词(参考上一部分同位语从句),要在它后面的表语从句要用虚拟式。
Another decision is whether the school should be one of the vast majority financed by the State or one of the very small but influential minority of private schools,though this choice is,of course,only available to the small number of those who can pay. (英语专业四级考试01年Text D)
这是个含有表语从句的复合句。主语是another decision;谓语是is;whether……or……是表语从句,其中谓语动词由should+动词原形be构成。参考译文:另一个要做出的决定是:应该选择一所占绝大多数的国立学校呢,还是选择一所数量虽小却有影响力的私立学校呢,当然,只有少数有支付能力的人才有这种选择的权利。
表示“建议、请求、命令、要求”等主观意向的词(如:suggest、advise、assume、decide、demand、desire、insist、propose、order、recommend、require、suggest……),引导宾语从句时需用虚拟语气。虚拟语气中的格式很固定:谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略。注意这种句型中的虚拟语气形式不受主句动词时态的影响。
Theories concerning on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through interactions with others.(2004 CLOSE)
此句是个含有一个宾语从句、两个原因状语从句的复合句。suggest是主句谓语,Suggest后面的宾语从句中的谓语动词engage in前面省略了should.
参考译文:关于个体研究的理论认为,孩子们从事犯罪活动是因为以前他们做错事情时对他们的惩罚力度不够,或是因为他们通过与其他人的交往学会了犯罪。
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以下是读文网小编整理的一些有关appear的用法,希望大家喜欢:
vi.
1.出现;显露
Gradually a smile appeared on her face.
她脸上渐渐地露出笑容.
2.演出;陈列;露面[Q]
The famous singer is appearing this fall at the Music Festival.
这位著名的歌手将在今秋的音乐节上演出.
3.出庭,到案[Q]
She will appear in court next Friday.
下星期五她将出庭.
4.似乎,看来好像[L][W][+to-v][+(that)]
He appeared to be talking to himself.
他似乎在自言自语.
It appears they are right.
看来他们是对的.
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介词without的用法比较多样,下面读文网小编为大家归纳相关的用法:
without后接复合宾语的常用结构如下:
1.without+宾语+介词短语
We'd be better off without them as neighbors.要是没有这些邻居,我们就过得更愉快了.
I don't like sweet coffee; I like it better without sugar in it.我不喜欢加糖的咖啡,里边不加糖我更喜欢.
2.without+宾语+副词
I'd be lost without you here.没有你在这儿,我会一筹莫展.
I'm very near-sighted without my glasses on.我要是不戴眼镜十分近视.
3.without+宾语+动名词
Without anyone noticing,he slipped through the window.无人注意,他从窗户溜了出去.
They debated for hours without a decision being taken.他们争论了几个小时,也没作出决定.
4.without+宾语+过去分词
Without another word exchanged,they started off.没有再交谈一句,他们就出发了.
5.without+宾语+不定式
Without anyone to help,how can we go on?没有人帮忙,我们怎么能进行下去?
It was boring to sit there without anything to do.无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了.
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afraid是一个英文单词,形容词,翻译为“害怕的;恐怕;担心的”。那么你知道关于afraid这个单词更多的知识吗?下面小编整理了afraid的用法归纳总结_afraid的用法和例句,供大家参考。
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在英语学习中,Each的用法比较重要,也是考试中常考的考点,下面读文网小编为同学们归纳一下它的用法:
1.They each put forward a proposal.他们每人提出一条建议.
2.The workers are each of them hard-working.这些工人个个勤奋劳动.
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动名词是动词ing形式的一种,兼有动词 和名词特征的非限定动词 。它可以支配宾语,也能被副词 修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。以下是小编为大家整理的动名词用法的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识动名词用法,提高英语水平。
1 动名词作主语、宾语和表语
a. 动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V. + doing sth
admit 承认appreciate 感激,赞赏avoid 避免
complete 完成 consider 认为 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱 prevent阻止
fancy 想象finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone 推迟 practise 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌resist 抵抗 resume 继续 risk 冒险
suggest 建议face 面对 include 包括stand 忍受understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续
举例
(1)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.
(2)Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
b. 词组后接doing
admit to prefer…tobe used to lead todevote oneself to object tostick to busylook forward to(to为介词)
no good,no use,It's worth…, as well as,
can't help,It's no use /good be tired of
be fond of be capable of be afraid of
be proud of think of / about hold off
set about be successful in good attake up
put off keep on insist oncount on / upon
give upburst outprevent … from…
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以下是小编为大家整理的cause的用法,希望能帮助大家更好地掌握cause的用法,提高英语水平。
(1) cause表示“原因”时,是可数名词。
例句:They pegged it as the cause of failure.
他们认为这就是失败的原因。
(2) cause表示“理由”时,是不可数名词。
例句:She had just cause for anger. 她有正当的理由生气。
(3) cause表示“事业”或者“奋斗目标”时,是可数名词。
例句:He would immolate himself for their noble cause.
他愿意为他们的崇高事业牺牲自己。
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cause的用法总结相关
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下面是小编整理的一些关于介词for用法的总结, 希望能帮助大家更好地认识for这个单词,提高英语水平。
用法1:(表目的)为,为了:
They went out for a walk.
他们出去散步了。
What did you do that for?
你干吗这样做?
That’s what we’re here for.
这正是我们来的目的。
What’s she gone for this time?
她这次去干什么去了?
He was waiting for the bus.
他在等公共汽车。
(1) 有些后接双宾语的动词(如 buy, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, order, prepare, sing, spare 等),当双宾语易位时,通常用 for 来引出间接宾语,表示间接宾语为受益者。如:
She made her daughter a dress. / She made a dress for her daughter.
她为她女儿做了件连衣裙。
He cooked us some potatoes. / He cooked some potatoes for us.
他为我们煮了些土豆。
注意,类似下面这样的句子必须用 for:
He bought a new chair for the office.
他为办公室买了张新办公椅。
(2) 注意不要按汉语字面意思,在一些及物动词后误加介词 for:
他们决定在电视上为他们的新产品打广告。
误:They decided to advertise for their new product on TV.
正:They decided to advertise their new product on TV.
注:advertise 可用作及物或不及物动词,但含义不同:
advertise sth=为卖出某物而打广告;
advertise for sth=为寻找某物而打广告。
如:advertise for a job=登广告求职。由于受汉语“为”的影响,而此处误加了介词 for。
类似地,汉语中的“为人民服务”,说成英语是 serve the people,而不是 serve for the people,“为某人的死报仇”,说成英语是 avenge sb’s death,而不是 avenge for sb’s death,等等。#p#副标题#e#
用法3:(表用途)用于,用来。如:
Knives are used for cutting things.
小刀是用来切东西的。
This knife is for cutting bread.
这把小刀是用于切面包的。
It’s a machine for slicing bread.
这是切面包的机器。
The doctor gave her some medicine for her cold.
医生给了她一些感冒药。
用法4:为得到,为拿到,为取得。如:
He went home for his book.
他回家拿书。
He went to his friend for advice.
他去向朋友请教。
She often asked her parents for money.
她经常向父母要钱。
We all hope for success.
我们都盼望成功。
Are you coming in for some tea?
你要不要进来喝点茶?
用法5:给(某人),供(某人)用。如:
That’s for you.
这是给你的。
Here is a letter for you.
这是你的信。
Have you room for me there?
你那边能给我腾出点地方吗?
用法6:(表原因、理由)因为,由于。如:#p#副标题#e#
I am sorry for it.
对不起。
Thank you for coming to see me.
谢谢你来看我。
You can’t see the wood for the trees.
你只见树木,不见森林。
He is famous for his poems.
他因为他的诗出名。
He was sent to prison for robbery.
他因为抢劫而坐牢。
I couldn’t speak for laughing.
我笑得说不出话来。
He couldn’t sleep for joy.
他高兴得不能入睡。
For several reasons, I’d rather not meet her.
由于种种原因,我宁愿不见她。
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以下是小编为大家整理的比较级形容词或副词 + than用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识比较级句型,提高英语水平。
You are taller than I.
They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.
注意:
1)要避免重复使用比较级。
(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.
(对) He is more clever than his brother.
(对) He is clever than his brother.
2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.
(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.
3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
4)要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词。
比较:Which is large, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.
She is the taller of the two sisters.
比较级形容词或副词 + than的用法归纳相关文章推荐:
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以下是小编为大家整理的系动词的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识系动词,提高英语水平。
系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
说明:
有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:
He fell ill yesterday.
他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。
他昨天病了。(fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。)
He fell off the ladder.
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。
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以下读文网小编给大家带来once的用法总结,希望能对大家有所帮助:
1. once用作副词时,意为“曾经;一度;从前”.它是一个不确定的时间副词,其位置一般是在行为动词之前,系动词之后.
如:
Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England.
他曾经生活在美国,但现在他生活在英国.
2. once用作副词,也可意为“一次”的意思.两次是“twice”,三次是“three times”,四次是“four times”.
The old professor comes to see us once a week.
那个老教授一周来看我们一次.
3. 注意once用作副词时,在句中的位置不同表示的意思也不同,所以要特别注意.
如:
I once went to Shanghai. 我曾经去过上海.
I went to Shanghai once. 我去过上海一次.
4. once用作连词时,意为“一旦……就……”,用于连接时间状语从句,相当于as soon as.
如:
Once you start, you will never give up.
一旦你开始了,你就不要放弃.
5. once构成的一些短语的用法:
(1)once in a while(偶尔;间或)
We went to see our English teacher once in a while.
我们偶尔去看我们的英语老师.
(2)once again(再一次;又一次),相当于once more.
Read the passage once more. 把课文再读一遍.
(3)at once(立刻;马上)
Finish the task at once. 请立刻完成任务.
(4)once upon a time(很早以前;从前)
Once upon a time there was an old man named John Hill.
从前有一个名叫约翰.希尔的老人.
(5)all at once(突然),相当于suddenly.
All at once, they rushed out altogether.
突然,他们都一起冲出去了.
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下面是小编整理的一些关于rather than 用法归纳, 希望让大家更好地认识rather than 这个词组,提高英语水平。
rather than 是一个并列连词,用法比较复杂,现归纳如下:
(1) 连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。
You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。
注意:rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2) 连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。
(4) 连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
(5) 连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。
注意:rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如:Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。
(6) 连接两个动词
He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的,而不是走来的。
注意:这里rather than 后用了walked,而没有用walk,表示客观事实,而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk,则作“宁愿……而不愿 ……”解。
would rather的用法
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以下是小编为大家整理的分词的用法的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识分词,提高英语水平。
分词作定语
分词前置
We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日
He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人
分词后置 (i分词词组;ii 个别分词如given, left; iii 修饰不定代词 something等)
There was a girl sitting there.有个女孩坐在那里
There is nothing interesting. 没有有趣的东西
This is the question given. 这是所给的问题
过去分词作定语
与其修饰的词是被动关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.
典型例题
1)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speakingB. spoken C. be spokenD. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
2) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written
答案D. 书与写作是被动关系,应用过去分词做定语表被动,相当于定语从句 which is written
2)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speakingB. spoken C. be spokenD. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
spoken是动词speak的过去分词形式,在句中作定语,修饰主语language, spoken 与 language有被动关系。该句可以理解为:
What's the language (which is) spoken in German?
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以下是小编为大家整理的put on , wear, dress,in英语单词的用法归纳,希望能帮助大家提高英语水平。
“穿戴”动作put on, 状态wear 已穿上。
穿鞋袜,着服装,眼镜、手套、帽戴上。
wear 用法还要广, 戴表、首饰、花、徽章。
dress接人做宾语, in 后颜色或衣裳。
根据句意,用put on , wear, dress,in的适当形式填空,使句子完整、通顺。
1. He often_______a pair of sunglasses.
2. Who is the boy_______a blue shirt?
3. It is so cold outside._______your warm coat when you go out.
4. He could_______himself when he was five years old.
5.Look! Lucy is_______a red skirt and a pair of pink shoes.
Keys:
1. wears 2. in 3. Put on 4. dress 5. wearing
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put on , wear, dress,in的用法相关
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下面是读文网小编归纳的一些关于英语介词on的用法,以供大家学习参考。
注:口诀中的“着”是指着火,罢指罢工,偷指偷偷地,公指出差、办公事;假指休假,准指准时。
例:The house next to mine was on fire. 我邻居的房子着火了。
The workers of the railway station were on strike. 铁路工人罢工了。
Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale. 新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。
do something on the sly (quiet). 秘密地(暗地里,偷偷地)做某事。
I've come here on business. 我是有公事来的。
They went to Bern on a mission. 他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。
They has been away on a long trip. 他们出去做一次长途旅行。
I'll go home on leave next month. 下月我将休假回家。
I went on business to Shanghai. I did not take leave. 我是公出去上海的,不是不告面别。
She came to see you on purpose. 她是专程来看你的。
He came here on purpose to discuss it with you. 他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。
This lunch is on me.
"No. let's go Dutch."
“这顿午饭我付钱。”
“不,还是各付各的。”
On the contrary, it was very easy to understand. 相反,这事儿很容易理解。
P1ease come on time. (on schedule). 请准时来。
注:in time是“及时”的意思。
The train arrived on schedule. 火车准时到达。
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以下是小编为大家整理的go ahead 的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识go ahead这个词组,提高英语水平。
go ahead 是口语中一个十分有用的表达。归纳起来,它在中学英语中有以下3种用法。
其意为:你先走一步,你先请。如:
You go ahead. I’ll join you soon. 你们先开始,我一会儿就来(和你们一块儿干)。
You go ahead and tell him that we’re coming. 你先走一步,告诉他我们就来。
Go ahead, please. 你先请(劝别人先吃或先走等的客套说法)。
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go ahead的用法总结相关
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