为您找到与薄冰高级英语语法和薄冰英语语法相关的共77个结果:
下面是读文网小编整理的30天用思维导图战胜英语语法,希望对大家有帮助。
书名 英语语法超图解:30天用思维导图战胜英语
出版社 中国纺织出版社
页数 365页
开本 16
品牌 中国纺织出版社
作者 朱懿婷(Gillian)
出版日期 2012年6月1日
语种 简体中文
ISBN 7506487292, 9787506487290
第一阶段:Day 01~07
20个一定要知道的语法概念
Step 1
先搞懂概念与时态
01. 什么是英语语法? 014
02. 一般现在时vs.一般过去时 021
03. 将来时 026
04. 现在进行时vs.过去进行时vs.将来进行时 032
05. 现在完成时vs.过去完成时vs.将来完成时 039
06. 完成进行时(现在vs.过去vs. 将来) 046
Step 2
了解英语中关键的关键—单词
07. 形容词(含比较级&最高级) 052
08. 副词(含比较级&最高级) 060
09. 动词短语(不可分离vs.可分离) 065
10. 系动词vs.感官动词 070
11. 动名词与不定式 075
12. 连词 084
13. 介词 088
14. 短语 095
该如何使用进阶的句子?
15. 虚拟语气 101
16. 被动语态 106
17. 附加问句 112
18. 关系代名词 ..117
19. 从句(名词从句、形容词从句、副词从句……) 123
20. 倒装句 127
第二阶段:Day 08~22
30个一定
要学的句型
Level 1
基础观念马上建立!(程度分级:初中英语)
01. 那里有时髦的女孩! .136
There is a modern girl.
句型01 There be (not)...
There is enough food for all of us.
延伸 There is (not)...+enough (+...)+ to do...
02. 要不要喝点水啊? 140
Would you like some water?
句型02 Would you like...?
What about another cup of tea?
延伸 How about / What about...?
03. 你花了多长时间从车站走回家? ..143
How long does it take you to walk home from the bus stop?
句型03 How long / soon / often...?
04. 他太胖了,所以他不可能追到校花! 146
He is too fat to get the school queen!
句型04 too...+(for sb. / sth.)+to...
He is so sick that he can't go to work today.
延 伸 so... that...
05. 今天我们去看《变形金刚3》吧! 150
Let's go to see Transformers 3 today!
句型05 Let's / Let us...
Why not go for a walk after dinner?
延 伸 Why not / Why don't we...?
06. 不是所有人都想要费德勒赢,好吗? 154
Not everybody like you want Federer to win, Ok?
句型06 Not everybody / both / all / every...
07. 难怪你上课时总是想睡觉! 158
It is no wonder (that) you always feel sleepy in class.
句型07 (It is) no wonder (that)...
08. 完成这个专案得花上七个工作日呢! 161
It will take 7 working days to finish the project!
句型08 It takes (sb.)+some time+to do sth.
09. 你觉得《哈利•波特》的结局怎么样? 164
What do you think of/about the ending of Harry Potter?
句型09 What do you think of / about...?
10. 我妈叫我下课后就马上回家。 167
My mother asks me to go home as soon as the class is over.
句型10 ...as soon as...
Level 2
可以开始简单英语会话喽!(程度分级:高中第一~二册)
11. 除非你跟我们一起去,否则我是不会跟你哥去看电影的。 171
I won't go to the movie with your brother unless you go with us.
句型11 unless...
I won't leave here until you give me the money.
延伸 until …
12. 苹果公司不知道 iPad 2 会不会是畅销产品。 175
APPLE doesn't know whether iPad 2 will hit or not.
句型12 whether...or...
Does anyone know if he will come today?
延伸 if...
13. 你不一起去吗? 179
Don't you want to come alone?
句型13 Isn't (Don't / Can't / Won't...)+sb....?
It's a beautiful place, isn't it?
延伸 附加问句
14. 多美的一个包啊! 182
How beautiful this bag is!
句型4 What / How...!
She is such a beautiful woman.
延伸 such a / an...
15. 你介意让我先上厕所吗? ....186
Do you mind if I use the toilet first?
句型15 Do / Would you mind...?
16. 这场比赛不只令人屏息还令人非常难忘! 189
This game is not only breath-taking but also unforgettable.
句型16 not only...but also...
17. 了解世界趋势对于学生来说相当重要。 192
It's also important for students to know the current trend of the world.
句型17 It+adj+of / for sb.+to do...
Learning English is an important thing for us to do.
延伸 V-ing+is+adj...
18. 纳达尔不认为这次发球出界了。 196
Nadal doesn't think that this serve is outside.
句型18 Sb. do / does not think / suppose / believe that...
19. 该是时候让贝拉来决定她未来的职业了。 199
It's time for Bella to decide her career.
句型19 It's time (for sb.) to do sth....
It is time (that) we had classes.
延伸 It's (high / about) time that...
20. 李娜是如此的努力以至于他可以赢得法网冠军。 203
Lina works so hard that she could win the first prize in French Open Tennis Championship.
句型20 so that...
Level 3
看到老外也不用怕!(程度分级:高中第三~六册)
21. 起床,否则你开学第一天就要迟到了! .207
Get up, or you will be late on the first day to school.
句型21 or / otherwise...
22. 你每天水喝得越多,你就会越健康。 210
The more water you drink every day, the healthier you will be.
句型22 the +比较级,the +比较级
23. 我恐怕无法去看Lady Gaga的北京演唱会了。 213
I'm afraid I can't go to Lady Gaga's concert in Beijing.
句型23 I'm afraid (that)...
24. 罗杰 .费德勒就是那个打破多项世界网球纪录的人。 216
It is Roger Federer who broke many world records of tennis.
句型24 It is / was...that / who...
25. 这很明显是裁判误判了。 219
It is obvious that the judge made a mistake.
句型25 It is obvious / clear that...
It seems (that) he was late for the train.
延伸 It seems / seemed that / as if...It is said that the food in this supermarket is cheaper.
延伸 It is / was said (reported / hoped) that...
26. 这部电影实在太精彩了,所以大家都在讨论它。 223
This is such a good movie that everyone is talking about it.
句型26 so / such...that...
27. 你最好趁夏天来之前开始减肥。 226
You'd better begin to lose weight before summer comes.
句型27 You'd better (not)...
You are supposed to support your parents.
延伸 be (not) supposed to...
28. 就算要排队等一个小时我也要买到这家店的甜甜圈。 230
Even though I have to wait for an hour, I still want to buy donuts from this shop.
句型28 Even though/if
29. 我妈要我打扫房间。 233
My mother had me clean the room.
句型29 have+sb. ...
30. 不管发生什么事,我都一定会支持我的家人。 236
No matter what happens, I will support my family.
句型30 no matter+疑问词...
第三阶段:Day 23~30
40个不能不
闪的语法陷阱
Trap 1
单词陷阱.同义单词辨析篇
01. ago vs. before .240
02. any vs. some ....243
03. asleep vs. sleepy .247
04. bring vs. take vs. carry ..250
05. hope vs. wish ...253
06. everyday vs. every day .256
07. fit vs. suit .....259
08. hear vs. listen to ..262
09. speak vs. say vs. talk vs. tell 265
10. spend vs. cost .269
11. travel vs. trip ...272
12. wait vs. expect .....275
13. worth vs. worthy ..278
14. occur vs. happen vs. take place 281
15. can vs may vs. might 284
16.maybe vs. may be 287
17. during vs. while vs. when 290
18. prefer vs. rather 293
Trap 2
单词陷阱.一词多义使用篇
01. think的用法 296
02. time的用法 299
03. help的用法 302
04. hurt 的用法 305
05. mind的用法 308
06. welcome的用法 312
Trap 3
语法陷阱.语法观念辨析篇
01. 动词+动名词vs. 动词+不定式 315
02. 一般过去时vs. 过去完成时 319
03. 否定疑问句的回答 322
04. 形容词的词序问题 325
05. 间接问句的用法 328
Trap 4
语法陷阱.语法使用差异篇
01. have been to vs. have gone to 331
02. neither...nor vs. either...or 334
03. other vs. the other vs. another 337
04. shameful vs. ashamed 340
05. sometime vs. sometimes vs. some time vs. some times 343
06. one的指示代词 346
07. so vs. such 349
08. what vs. which 352
09. whether vs. if 355
10. could vs. would 358
11. than在比较句型中的用法 361
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下面是读文网小编整理的365句掌握高中英语语法,希望对大家有帮助。
Part 1二、三词句
Part 2四词句
Part 3五词句
Part 4六词句
Part 5七词句
Part 6八词句
Part 7九词句
Part 8十词句
Part 9十一词句
Part 10十二词句
Part 11十三词句
Part 12十四词句
Part 13十五词句
Part 14十六词句
Part 15十七词句
Part 16十八词句
Part 17十九词句
Part 18二十词以上句
附录一:语法知识索引
附录二:句子索引
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下面是读文网小编整理的60天攻克高考英语语法 介绍,希望对大家有帮助。
第1天 构词法
第2天 构词法大练兵
第3天 名词
第4天 数词
第5天 代词
第6天 代词大练兵
第7天 冠词
第8天 形容词
第9天 副词
第10天 形容词副词比较等级
第11天 比较等级大练兵
第12天 介词
第13天 介词大练兵
第14天 连词
第15天 动词
第16天 动词短语大练兵
第17天 助动词
第18天 情态动词
第19天 情态动词大练兵
第20天 动词的时态
第21天 动词时态大练兵
第22天 动词的语态
第23天 虚拟语气
第24天 虚拟语气大练兵
第25天 动词不定式
第26天 动词不定式大练兵
第27天 动名词
第28天 非谓语分词(1)
第29天 非谓语分词(2)
第30天 非谓语分词大练兵
第31天 析使句和感叹句
第32天 反意疑问句
第33天 主语从句
第34天 宾语从句
第35天 定语从句
第36天 定语从句大练兵
第37天 状语从句
第38天 状语从句大练兵
第39天 独立成分
第40天 倒装
第41天 倒装大练兵
第42天 省略
第43天 主谓一致
第44天 it的用法
第45天 特殊句式
第46天 语法深呼吸(1)
第47天 语法深呼吸(2)
第48天 语法深呼吸(3)
第49天 语法深呼吸(4)
第50天 语法深呼吸(5)
第51天 语法沉着练(1)
第52天 语法沉着练(2)
第53天 语法沉着练(3)
第54天 语法沉着练(4)
第55天 语法沉着练(5)
第56天 语法放轻松(1)
第57天 语法放轻松(2)
第58天 语法放轻松(3)
第59天 语法放轻松(4)
第60天 语法放轻松(5)
参考答案
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下面是读文网小编整理的薄冰高级英语语法介绍,希望对大家有帮助。
薄冰高级英语语法定价:¥45.00
作者:薄冰著
出版社:世界知识出版社
出版时间:2010-5-1
开本:16开
ISBN:9787501213559
第一章绪论
第二章名词
第三章冠词
第四章代词
第五章数词
第六章动词概说
第七章动词的时态
第八章被动词态
第九章助动词
第十章非限定动词
第十一章虚拟语气
第十二章形容词和副词
第十三章介词、连词和感叹词
第十四章句子概说
第十五章句子的种类
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下面是读文网小编整理的薄冰高中英语语法详解,希望对大家有帮助。
一种语言区别于另一种语言的关键在于语法的运用,“英语语法”是英语语言的法则规律为英语学习的重点。因此,学好语法是英语学习者学好英语的前提和基础。笔者探讨研习英语教学50余年,曾出版过多部“英语语法”著作。将平生所学为家乡的出版事业做些贡献,是笔者多年埋藏于心中的愿望。现在,经过与多位亲临英语教学一线的优秀教师与学子的通力合作,这个夙愿终于得以实现。本书编写历时一年有余终于与广大读者见面。我们希望此书的出版,能为学习英语的同学助一臂之力。
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下面是读文网小编整理的薄冰实用英语语法详解,希望对大家有帮助。
《薄冰实用英语语法详解(最新修订版)(双色袖珍版)》只应是入门的向导,像一根拐棍一样。英语达到一定水平之后,就应将它扔掉。起码不要让许多语法条条充斥头脑,影响你说和写的流利性。那么应该如何学习语法呢?作者认为在学习语法过程中,应该注意下面几点:基本概念最重要。在学习每个语法项目时,一定要把它的基本概念搞清,牢记在心。要大量地实践,大量地练习。实践要包括听、说、读、写四个方面。练习要着重说和写。学习语法时,应多用比较法。如对动词时态、冠词、介词、名词的单、复数等较难的语法项目进行相互比较,效果就比较好。要将语法法则与习惯用法分开。碰到习惯用法,就不必钻牛角尖,进行徒劳的分析。而习惯用法在英语中则是大量地存在着的。将一本语法书通读一遍,当然也不无好处。但最好将它作为工具书,像词典一样地经常查阅,方能学得比较细致牢靠。
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初中英语掌握好的学习方法来学习语法非常重要,下面就给您介绍一些初中英语语法学习技巧,希望能给您带来一定帮助。
英语中有大量的同义词比较,利用数学符号和表述可节约大量记忆细胞。如each,every表“每一个”作定语时的区别,就可以用这样的符号表示:each≥2,every≥3.both,all的区别both=2,all≥3;neither,none的区别neither=2,none≥3.
数学语言表述法:news不可数名词,paper不可数名词,负负得正newspaper可数名词。
图示法:other,another,the other,the others,others的区别:
○—● one…the other,
○—○●○ one…another ,
○—●●● one…the others,
○○○○—●●● some…the others ,
○○○○—●●●○○○○ some…others.
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下面是读文网小编整理的剑桥商务英语高级题目,以供大家学习参考。
小作文:
描述4年中四个不同部门的汽车销量的增长对比:小轿车英国国内国外销量,商务车在英国国内国外的销量
大作文:
Report:
要求写一篇报告,针对部门内的浪费情况和原因。要点:1.该报告的简介;2.搜集资料的渠道;3.浪费的现象有哪些;4.改善措施。
Proposal:
关于sponsorship的,是比较常见的商务话题。这个话题还在真题集上出现过。只不过今天考的要难。
Letter:
You are a marketing company, one of your potential customer have asked you to give them a promotion about their company. 1).outline the possible ways how will you to promote their company; 2).take the examples of you customers you have been helped; 3). ask for more information of that company; 4).suggest a meetin
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电脑,又称计算机,是机械的一种,现在使用的越来越多。接下来小编为大家整理了计算机软件高级词汇中英对照,希望对你有帮助哦!
软件经验数据 software experience data
软件风险 software hazard
软件库管理员 software librarian
软件库 software library
软件生存周期 software life cycle
软件维护员 software maintainer
软件监控程序 software monitor
软件操作员 software operator
软件产品 software product
软件采购员 software purchaser
软件质量 software quality
质量保证 quality assurance
质量度量学 quality metrics
软件度量学 software metrics
软件质量保证 software quality assurance
软件质量评判准则 software quality criteria
软件可靠性 software reliability
软件注册员 software registrar
软件储藏库 software repository
软件复用 software reuse
软件安全性 software safety
软件潜行分析 software sneak analysis
软件单元 software unit
软件验证程序 software verifier
规约语言 specification language
规约验证 specification verification
稳定性 stability
供方 supplier
支持软件 support software
符号执行 symbolic execution
系统体系结构 system architecture
系统设计 system design
系统文档 system documentation
系统库 system library
系统可靠性 system reliability
系统软件 system software
系统确认 system validation
系统验证 system verification
终止性证明 termination proof
测试用例生成程序 test case generator
测试覆盖 test coverage
测试数据生成程序 test data generator
测试驱动程序 test driver
测试阶段 test phase
测试过程 test procedure
测试可重复性 test repeatability
测试报告 test report
分时 time sharing
计时分析程序 timing analyzer
追踪程序 tracer
培训 training
类型 type
软件性能 software performance
自适应性 adaptability
内聚性 cohesion
模块性 modularity
可复用性 reusability
部分正确性 partial correctness
完全正确性 total correctness
有效性 validity
用户合同管理员 user contract administrator
用户文档 user documentation
实用软件 utility software
版本控制 version control
更改控制 change control
基线 baseline
原型 prototype
原型制作 prototyping
原型速成 rapid prototyping
领域建模 domain modeling, DM
体系结构建模 architecture modeling, AM
黑箱 black-box
白箱 white-box
领域工程师 domain engineer
软件体系结构 software architecture
软件再工程 software reengineering
软件过程 software process
可复用构件 reusable component
基于构件的软件开发 component-based software development, CBSD
基于构件的软件工程 component-based software engineering, CBSE
3C模型 concept, content and context 3C 3C指概念、内容和语境。
特定领域软件体系结构 domain-specific software architecture, DSSA
软件体系结构风格 software architectural style, SAS
合法性撤消 revocation又称“合法性取消”。
版本升级 version upgrade
向下兼容 downward compatibility
向上兼容 upward compatibility
管理过程 management process
获取过程 acquisition process
供应过程 supply process
维护过程 maintenance process
支持过程 supporting process
剪裁过程 tailoring process
软件工程经济学 software engineering economics
计算机软件的法律保护 legal protection of computer software
软件版权 software copyright
事务分析 transaction analysis
人工认知 artificial cognition
脑功能模块 brain function module
脑成像 brain imaging
脑模型 brain model
脑科学 brain science
知识块 chunk
认知 cognition
认知映射 cognitive mapping
认知过程 cognitive process
认知心理学 cognitive psychology
认知仿真 cognitive simulation
认知系统 cognitive system
思维科学 noetic science
认知科学 cognitive science
感知 perception
认知模型 cognitive model
动态记忆 dynamic memory
情景记忆 episodic memory
认识学 epistemology
智能 intelligence
智能科学 intelligent science
群体智能 swarm intelligence
宏理论 macro-theory
记忆组织包 memory organization packet, MOP
记忆表示 memory representation
心智能力 mental ability
心智图像 mental image
心智信息传送 mental information transfer
心智机理 mental mechanism
心智状态 mental state
心智心理学 mental psychology
微理论 micro-theory
机器智能 machine intelligence
物理符号系统 physical symbol system
DS理论 Dempster-Shafer theory
框架语法 frame grammar
知识工程 knowledge engineering, KE
知识 knowledge
领域知识 domain knowledge
启发式知识 heuristic knowledge
常识 commonsense
知识表示 knowledge representation, KR
陈述性知识 declarative knowledge
过程性知识 procedural knowledge
知识表示方式 knowledge representation mode
知识模式 knowledge schema
框架知识表示 frame knowledge representation
概念结点 concept node
脚本知识表示 script knowledge representation
状态空间 state space
状态图 state graph
元知识 metaknowledge
元规则 metarule
面向对象表示 object-oriented representation
黑板 blackboard
黑板结构 blackboard structure
知识源 knowledge source
知识结构 knowledge structure
问题 problem
问题诊断 problem diagnosis
问题重构 problem reformulation
问题空间 problem space
问题状态 problem state
过程分析 procedure analysis
进程定性推理 process qualitative reasoning
规则子句 rule clause
规则 rule
启发式规则 heuristic rule
前提 antecedent, premise
条件式 conditions
产生式规则 production rule
产生式系统 production system
领域无关规则 domain-independent rule
反向推理 backward reasoning, backward chained reasoning
双向推理 bidirection reasoning
目标导向推理 goal-directed reasoning
基于知识推理 knowledge-based inference
逻辑推理 logical reasoning
自顶向下推理 top-down reasoning
自底向上推理 bottom-up reasoning
元推理 metareasoning
不确定推理 uncertain reasoning
模糊推理 fuzzy reasoning
类比推理 analogical inference
单调推理 monotonic reasoning
非单调推理 non-monotonic reasoning
限定推理 circumscription reasoning
目标引导行为 goal-directed behavior
启发式算法 heuristic algorithm
启发式方法 heuristic approach
启发式函数 heuristic function
启发式信息 heuristic information
启发式程序 heuristic program
启发式技术 heuristic technique
不完全性理论 incompleteness theory
不合逻辑 illogicality
合一 unification
合一子 unifier
泛合一 universal unification
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商务英语口语区别于日常口语,有很强的专业性。下面小编收集了一些高级商务英语口语分享给大家,希望对大家有用。
您好,我是约翰?史密斯。
Hello, this is John Smith.
您好,我是ABC公司的李明。
Hello, this is Li Ming from ABC Company.
很高兴接到您的电话。收到我们开出的第256/21号信用证了吗?
Glad to hear from you. our L/C No. 256/21 ?
收到了,但是我们在审查后发现你方信用证不允许转船。
Yes, we have, but we find that transshipment is allowed after wc look the L/C.
是的。
Yes.
但是,我方驶往你方港口的直达船很少,通常得经由香港转船。
But steamers to your port arc very few, We have to ship via Hong Kong.
如果这样,我们可以将信用证改为允许转船。
If so, we may amend the credit as allowing transshipment.
您好,我是ABC公司的王伟,我想和销售经理格林先生通话
Hello. This is Wang Wei from ABC ompany. May I speak to Sales Manager, Mr. Green?
我就是。何事可以为您效劳? ?
Hello, Wang Wei. This is Carl Green. Is there anything I can help you?
请问我方LN-003号订单是否如期发货?
I’d like to know if you have shipped our order No. LN-003 as scheduled?
I’d like to know if you effect ship-have effected shipment for our order No. LN-003 as scheduled?
很抱歉,这张订单要迟延到下个月才能发货。因为原料严重短缺。
Sorry, the shipment of this order will be delayed to next month, because the raw material is in bad supply.
这个月假日太多。
there are too many holidays this month.
本月没有船。
there is no vessel available this month.
我们的客户急需此货,
Our customer needs the goods urgently.
Our customer is badly in need of the goods.
希望您们加一加班,尽快装运。
I hope you work overtime to effect shipment as soon as you can.
那当然。
Sure.
可否请贵公司修改信用证,将装运期和有效期分别展至8月7日和8月22日?
Would you kindly enough to amend the L/ C to extend the time of shipment and the expiry date to August 7th and August 22nd respectively?
Would you please extend the time of shipment and the expiry date till August 7th and August 22nd respectively?
可以,我们会通知银行马上改证,
OK, we'll notify our bank to amend it at once,
但是您方必须付改证费。
but you have to pay the amendment charge.
but the amendment charge is for your account.
而且你方必须改用空运发货并负担和海运的费差。
Moreover, you have to make the shipment by air freight instead of original sea freight and assume the difference of freight charge.
延迟并非我方所能控制的,所以我们只愿意承担一半的费用。
Since this is out of our control share half of the cost.
我们和客户交涉后会告知你方。但请你们一定要加班赶交期。
We‘ll discuss it with our customer and let you know the result soon. But please do your best to work overtime to catch the schedule. catch the schedule
我们知道你方的困境,已经安排24小时三班倒。
We understand your hard position and have arranged three shifts to work 24 hours a day now. three shifts
您好,我是ABC公司的王伟,我想和销售经理格林先生通话
Hello. This is Wang Wei from ABC ompany. May I speak to Sales Manager, Mr. Green?
我就是。何事可以为您效劳? ?
Hello, Wang Wei. This is Carl Green. Is there anything I can help you?
请问我方LN-003号订单是否如期发货?
I’d like to know if you have shipped our order No. LN-003 as scheduled?
I’d like to know if you effect ship-have effected shipment for our order No. LN-003 as scheduled?
很抱歉,这张订单要迟延到下个月才能发货。因为原料严重短缺。
Sorry, the shipment of this order will be delayed to next month, because the raw material is in bad supply.
这个月假日太多。
there are too many holidays this month.
本月没有船。
there is no vessel available this month.
我们的客户急需此货,
Our customer needs the goods urgently.
Our customer is badly in need of the goods.
希望您们加一加班,尽快装运。
I hope you work overtime to effect shipment as soon as you can.
那当然。
Sure.
可否请贵公司修改信用证,将装运期和有效期分别展至8月7日和8月22日?
Would you kindly enough to amend the L/ C to extend the time of shipment and the expiry date to August 7th and August 22nd respectively?
Would you please extend the time of shipment and the expiry date till August 7th and August 22nd respectively?
可以,我们会通知银行马上改证,
OK, we'll notify our bank to amend it at once,
但是您方必须付改证费。
but you have to pay the amendment charge.
but the amendment charge is for your account.
而且你方必须改用空运发货并负担和海运的费差。
Moreover, you have to make the shipment by air freight instead of original sea freight and assume the difference of freight charge.
延迟并非我方所能控制的,所以我们只愿意承担一半的费用。
Since this is out of our control share half of the cost.
我们和客户交涉后会告知你方。但请你们一定要加班赶交期。
We‘ll discuss it with our customer and let you know the result soon. But please do your best to work overtime to catch the schedule. catch the schedule
我们知道你方的困境,已经安排24小时三班倒。
We understand your hard position and have arranged three shifts to work 24 hours a day now. three shifts
Actually we are already involved in E-commerce.
其实我们已经参与了电子商务。
You mean inventory control inventory rather than selling products. control
你是说进行存货监控,而不是卖产品吧。
En. When the sales clerk bar code scans the bar code, the in、formation on the bar code is transmitted to us.
嗯。当售货员扫描条形码时,条形码上存储的信息就传递给我们。
So,every product is coded.
这么说,每一件商品都被编上码了。
Yes, we can restock it in time this way.
是的,这样我们就可以及时补充存货了。
Bar codes indeed give us a lot of what is called real-time information.
条形码的确带给我们许多所谓的实时资料。
If they pay by credit card we also have a lot of information about them such as age sex and monthly purchases.
如果买方用信用卡,付款,我们还能得到,许多相关信息,如年龄、性别、月度消费。
When consumers go online, they need to trust the vendor.
消费者网上购物时,需要信任卖方。
We already have consumer confidence in our product.
我们已经获得了消费者对我们产品的信任。
But buying on line is different from buying in a store.
但是,网上购物与卖场购物不同。
Yes. Cyber sellers have to develop an environment of
是啊!网上卖方必须培育信任气氛。
That is because we are asking people to type in their credit card number.
因为我们要求人们敲人信用卡号码。.
So we will have to have some ways to as- sure them that the data is secure.
所以我们必须获得-某种途径使他们确信信息是安全的。
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在高考英语写作中,能写出优秀的句子可以给你的作文增添不少色彩。下面读文网小编为大家带来高考英语写作高级句型整理,欢迎大家学习!
高考英语写作高级句型整理:
1、这副图描写了我们的学校生活。
This is a picture of our school life.
2、有一个男孩站在那儿。
There is a boy standing there.
3、有一些学生在打篮球。
Some students are playing basketball.
4、另外一些人在彼此交谈。
Others are talking with each other.
5、甚至有一个人在打太极拳。
There is even one who is practicing taichi.
6、阳光明媚。
The sun is shining brightly.
7、天空蔚蓝。
The sky is blue.
8、微风吹拂。
The wind is blowing softly.
9、鸟儿在树上欢快地叫着。
The birds are singing happily in the trees.
10、树木充满了生机。
The trees are full of new life.
以上就是读文网小编为大家带来的高考英语写作高级句型整理,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
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英语写作高级词汇
一、自然、生态、环境
1.好词
(1)Environmental/water/air/noisepollution
(2)Resourcesexhaustion
(3)Wildlifeextinction
(4)Endangeredspecies
(5)Naturalhabitat
(6)Reserveareas
(7)Sand/duststorm
(8)Clear-cutting/deforestation
(9)Overfishing
(10)Overgrazing
提高英语写作分数的33个词组
1.经济的快速发展therapiddevelopmentofeconomy
2.人民生活水平的显著提高/稳步增长theremarkableimprovement/steadygrowthofpeople’slivingstandard
3.先进的科学技术advancedscienceandtechnology
4.面临新的机遇和挑战befacedwithnewopportunitiesandchallenges
5.人们普遍认为Itiscommonlybelieved/recognizedthat…
6.社会发展的必然结果theinevitableresultofsocialdevelopment
7.引起了广泛的公众关注arousewidepublicconcern/drawpublicattention
8.不可否认Itisundeniablethat…/Thereisnodenyingthat…/
9.热烈的讨论/争论aheateddiscussion/debate
10.有争议性的问题acontroversialissue
11.完全不同的观点atotallydifferentargument
12.一些人…而另外一些人…Somepeople…whileothers…
13.就我而言/就个人而言AsfarasIamconcerned,/Personally,
14.就…达到绝对的一致reachanabsoluteconsensuson…
15.有充分的理由支持besupportedbysoundreasons
16.双方的论点argumentonbothsides
17.发挥着日益重要的作用playanincreasinglyimportantrolein…
18.对…必不可少beindispensableto…
19.正如谚语所说Astheproverbgoes:
20.…也不例外…benoexception
21.对…产生有利/不利的影响exertpositive/negativeeffectson…
22.利远远大于弊theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages。
23.导致,引起leadto/giveriseto/contributeto/resultin
24.复杂的社会现象acomplicatedsocialphenomenon
25.责任感/成就感senseofresponsibility/senseofachievement
26.竞争与合作精神senseofcompetitionandcooperation
27.开阔眼界widenone’shorizon/broadenone’svision
28.学习知识和技能acquireknowledgeandskills
29.经济/心理负担financialburden/psychologicalburden
30.考虑到诸多因素takemanyfactorsintoaccount/consideration
31.从另一个角度fromanotherperspective
32.做出共同努力makejointefforts
33.对…有益bebeneficial/conduciveto…
34.为社会做贡献makecontributionstothesociety
35.打下坚实的基础layasolidfoundationfor…
36.综合素质comprehensivequality
37.无可非议blameless/beyondreproach
39.致力于/投身于becommitted/devotedto…
【扩展阅读篇】
作文是决定语文考试成绩的“半壁江山”,因此作文的成败往往决定了整个语文考试的成败。那么怎样让考试作文得高分呢?我觉得以下几点必须注意。
1、题和立意凡考试作文必须审题,原因是考生要在同一环境下,作公平的竞争。审题,就是要对试题展现的所有内容作全面、准确的审读和理解,把命题者的意图读出来,把题目的各种限制审清楚,明确要我写什么,怎么写,写到什么程度,真正做到全面领会,深刻把握,不偏不漏、不折不扣地按要求写作文。高考作文评判明确规定,凡审题有问题的试卷最后得分一般都不超过二类卷最低分。由此可见,审题的准确与否是作文成败的关键因素。立意,就是要作者站在时代的高度,去观察、认识生活,提炼主题,使主题体现时代的精神,既反映时代,也作用于时代,跳动时代的脉搏,推动着时代的前进。文章的“意”, 其实就是作者在体验生活中逐步孕育而成的一种思想,是作者的主观认识与客观实际相“撞击”的产物,它反映作者的思想水平、认识水平以及在社会生活中形成的世界观、人生观、价值观等。近两年的作文教改提倡学生写真实生活、真实自我,有些同学忽视了对文章思想倾向的把握,看问题不全面,观点偏激,更有甚者由腐败现象而怀疑党的领导和党的政策。尽管当今的中国社会政治清明,言论自由,话说错了不会追查什么政治问题,但作为未来社会的建设者,正确的是非观还是应该有的。这一点必须注意。
2、标然,越显得你成熟老练。另外,要把每一段的首句写好。每一段的首句犹如人的眉目,把首句写好,“眉清目秀”,整个段落都显着精神。
3、文体和内容高考作文试题对文体的要求有两类:一类是规定必须写某种文体,如“写一篇议论文”;另一类是排除写某种文体,如“除诗歌外,其他文体不限”。考生必须按规定的文体去写。近几年高考作文题中“文体不限”,让考生自由选择文体,这里要特别注意,文体不限不是不要文体,而是要你在选择了一种文体后,一定要按这种文体特点写作,要写什么象什么。不可随心所欲,写成不伦不类的“四不像”文章。文章内容方面:不假思索就能想到的东西,绝对不要写;稍加思索想到的也不要写;花上几分钟,想别人想不到的内容来写。记叙文最好将主人公设定为自己,用第一人称入文,让“我”的激情在文章中闪光,情真意切,引起共鸣。议论文切忌大话、套话、废话,要避免空发议论,无病呻吟,滥提口号,乱发号召,空表决心等等。作文可以虚构,“允许”编写故事,但不等于提倡“编写故事”,编写故事要做到“大胆想象,自圆其说”。滥编、胡编,绝对不会得高分。
4、开头和结尾应试作文的开头结尾,就是文章的刀刃。平时在课内外所学的各种开头结尾的方法完全可以用在应试作文题和段落标题是文章的眼睛,也是阅卷老师对文章的第一印象,特别是自拟题目写作,阅卷老师很看重考生所拟的标题。俗话说:“秧好一半谷,题好一半文”,可见题目的重要性。有些考生先写正文再拟标题,文章写好后也许是没有时间写标题,也许是忘了补写标题。虽然评分规定无标题扣2分,但实际结果却远非2分。有人曾做过这样的实验,将几篇写得较好的作文,按保留标题和隐去标题两种类型请两组老师分别予以阅卷,其分数差别一般都在5分以上。这是因为阅卷老师对无标题作文产生了一种心理距离,不知不觉便降低了分数等级。至于如何拟题,我觉得应做到这样几条:①确切。指符合文章内容,也指遣词造句符合规范)。②精练。指标题字数恰当。③生动。指题目能体现出一种活力,具有可读性,饶有情趣。④新颖。指有新视角、新思路、新感悟,能够给人一种新鲜感。⑤有意蕴。指有内在的含义。拟题方法多种多样,可以运用修辞拟题,可以引用俗语拟题,可以化用古语拟题,可以借用成语拟题,可以套用流行语拟题,也可以巧用其他学科公式或符号拟题等等,考生可以根据自己的情况灵活运用。段落:考试作文最忌首、腹、尾三段式的结构。把文章分为几段更好?千字以内的作文,我觉得分为5-8个自然段就可以了。因为自然段分得越自上。不管你使用什么方法开头和结尾,必须做到开头起笔入题,结尾点明主旨。为了给评卷老师一个好的印象,开头结尾千万不要涂抹。有道是:良好的开端是成功的一半。可有些考生犯“入题慢”的毛病:有的把大段的原材料全部照搬;有的把本来简洁的原材料进行扩展;有的开篇摆材料,古今中外,慢慢道来。开篇松散,占去了大量的篇幅,后面的真正应该说的内容却“千呼万唤不出来”,有的只是一笔带过,草草收兵,比例严重失调,使老师难以衡量其实际写作水平。古人写文章讲究“凤头”、“猪肚”、“豹尾”,这是有一定道理的。可有些考生作文来不及刹尾,或用一句话硬断,或点上一串省略号,这样即使你雕出了“凤头”,壮大了“猪肚”,也会因为没有“豹尾”而不成其好文章,得不到高分。阅卷老师衡量一篇文章的好坏,首先是看其整体。所以,考生交给老师的无论如何也应是一篇完整的作文。
5、语言和字数考试作文语言要规范准确,具有个性和活力。不要文白夹杂;不要使用别人看不懂的方言和词汇;少用长句多用短句;可引进部分时代新词汇,引用名言警句,引用流行的通俗歌曲歌词,引用百姓口头民谣,但取向一定要积极向上,真正让语言亮起来。照理说,文章是表情达意的工具,有话则长,无话则短,似乎不应有字数的限制。但考试作文,作为一种特殊形式的作文,为了达到一定的考查目的,并考虑到考试时间等因素,一般对字数都作了规定。我们必须按照规定去做。限最低字数的,一定要写够数量或稍微超过50—100字才好。如果字数不足,虽然评分标准规定,不足字数的,每少50字扣1分,但实际情况是,字数不足往往被认为文章内容单薄,分数很难上档次。限最高字数的,不要超过。否则,给人一种臃肿的感觉,再说,作文写得长,花的时间多,解答前面的题用的时间少,必定会受到影响。如果没有限最高字数,一般就是以作文纸为限,即要在作文纸格子内行文。千万不要自作多情,超出作文格子,以免出力不讨好。
6、书写和卷面近年高考作文评分标准中,书写都占相当的比分。一般不要求写得好看,但要求书写整齐易辨认,一笔一画清清楚楚,不写草字。标点符号书写也要规范,特别是格式要正确,句号、逗号、问号、叹号、顿号、分号不要出现在一行之首;引号、括号、书名号前半不出现在一行之末,可以在这些符号后面挤着写一个字;引号、括号、书名号后一半不出现在一行之首,可以把这些符号挤在上一行之末。省略号、破折号占两个格,不能断开,写不下时挤在一行之末。至于作文的卷面,正如人的容貌一样,给人的印象是重要的,尤其是高考作文,卷面整洁与否直接影响着阅卷老师的心理和情绪,书写工整,卷面清洁,让人一看心中先喜三分,其结果是可想而知的。
7、检查与修改考试作文试题和其他试题一样,做完后也需要认真检查,看有没有笔误的错别字,有没有不通顺的句子,有没有需要调整的内容。审查发现了错别字、错用了词语一定要修改过来,对于句段该删的要删掉,该增的要增补,只是要改得清楚、整洁,使人一目了然。不能因为修改而影响了卷面的整洁。
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下面是学习英语语法的基础知识哦,来学习下吧!
英语语法基础知识入门教程
音 标
学习提示:
在我们开始学习英语语音音标之前,有一点大家要记住:不要试图用汉语普通话的近似的音去代替英语的音标。例如,有人把英语字母“n’'念成“恩”,用汉语的“e”来代替英语的[e],把字母f、m、x分别念成“爱弗”、“爱木”、“爱克斯”。这是一种很坏的习惯,它使你永远也学不到纯正的英语发音。记住,英语的音标跟汉语的音标缺乏可比性。例如,英语的单元音有十二个之多,而汉语只有六个。即使是两者相似的音,它们在发音的口型、音的长短上都有差别。
音素分类:
英语的音标共有48个,其中元音音标20个,辅音音标28个。相信大家对它们都不陌生了,在正式开始音标学习之前,让我们再来熟悉一下这48个音标。
元音
1、单元音 前元音:[i] [i:] [e] [?]
中元音:[?:] [?] [?]
后元音:[a:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:]
2、双元音 合口双元音:[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au]
集中双元音:[i?] [ε? ] [u?]
辅音
1、爆破音 [p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]
2、摩擦音 [f] [v] [θ] [e] [s] [z] [?] [?] [h] [r]
3、破擦音 [ts] [dz] [tr] [dr] [t?] [d?]
4、鼻音 [m] [n] [?]
5、半元音 [j] [w]
6、舌侧音 [l]
音标记忆法:
不要为音标的分类名称操心,你并不需要记住这些名称;也不要为音标的数目太多而发愁,照下面的两个记忆方法去做,你一定能在十分钟内将所有的英语音标记住。
一、元音分组记忆法:将元音音标分成四个大组和四个单个,帮助记忆。
1、四大组
第一组 第二组 第三组 第四组
[i] [i:] [i?] [ei] [ai]
[?] [?:] [?u] [ε?]
[u] [u:] [u?] [au]
[?] [?:] [?i]
记忆窍门:
第一组为“基本型”;第二组为基本型的“延长型”;在基本型后加长音符号;第三组为基本型的“前置型”;第四组为基本型的“后置型”。
2.四单个:一座山[?],一朵花[?],一个[e],一个[a:]
二、辅音成对记忆法:将辅音分成十对和八个单个,帮助记忆。
1.十对
爆破组 摩擦组 破擦组
[p] [b] [f] [v] [ts] [dz]
[t] [d] [θ] [e] [tr] [dr]
[k] [g] [s] [z] [t?] [d?]
[?] [?]
记忆口诀: 十对的辅音清、浊成对,每对的发音部位相同。
2.八单个:[m] [n] [?] [j] [w] [r] [l] [h]
记忆口诀:三鼻音[m] [n] [n], 两半元[w] [j] , 一个[r],一个[l],还有一个[h]。
音节
一、定义:一个元音音素(双元音为一个音素)为一个音节。
1、[ai] [n?u] [st?nd] [ti:t?] 均为单音节。
2、['mi:t?] ['reiz?] 均为双音节。
3、['s?u??list] [repri'zent?tiv]均为多音节。
二、音节的划分:
1、每两个元音之间有一个辅音,该辅音归后。如:['mi:t?] ['reiz?]
2、每两个元音之间有两个辅音,则前后各一个。如:['men??nd] ['f?ktri]
3、每两个元音之间有三个及以上的辅音,依次读出其本身的发音即可。如:
['empti]
简记为:一归后,二分手。
试读:[steid] ['a:ft?] ['men??nd] ['f?ktri] ['s?u??list] [repri'zent?tiv]
三、开、闭、r音节:
1、开音节,又分绝对开音节和相对开音节。
绝对开音节:以发音的元音字母结尾的音节。如:no,we.she。
相对开音节:以元音字母+辅音字母(r除外)+不发音的e结尾的音节。如:these,those,page,life,use。
2、闭音节:以一个或几个辅音字母(r除外)结尾,而中间只有一个元音字母的音节。如:bad,desk,sit,long。
3、,元音字母+r,即 ar er ir or ur
4、元音字母在重读开音节、重读闭音节和r读音节中的读音。
元音字母在重读音节中的读音
字母 开音节 例词 闭音节 例词 r音节 例词
A [ei] name [?] bag [a:] car
E [i:] these [e] pen [?:] her
I [ai] bike [i] his [?:] girl
O [?u] no, note [?] not [?:] for
U [ju:] student [?] bus [?:] nurse
由上表可见:元音字母在重读的开音节中就读字母本身的音。(注意:一切规律都不能包罗万象,如,不符合此规律的词有come, love 等等)
句子成分与句子
第一章 句子成分
构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。英语句子主要成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、状语、补足语和定语。
1、主语
主语是一个句子的主体,是句子所要说明的人或事情,表示句子描述的是“谁”“什么”。主语一般位于陈述句句首,但在there be结构中主语位于谓语后面。
能作主语的有名词类(含代词、数词);非谓语(含不定式、ing 分词)、从句。
1)名词类
Professor Smith is a famous scientist.史密斯教授是著名的科学家。
We often speak English in class.我们经常在课堂上说英语。
One-third of the students in this class are girls.这个班1/3的学生是女生。
2) 非谓语
To master a foreign language is necessary.掌握一门外语是必要的。
Smoking does harm to the health.吸烟有害健康。
3)从句
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided yet.
我们什么时候进行英语测验还没有决定。
Whether he’ll join us in the discussion is of great importance.
他是否参加我们的讨论是很重要的。
2、谓语
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。只有动词在句中才能作谓语,一般放在主语之后。
1)简单谓语
由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:
He practices running every morning.他每天早晨练习跑步。
Yesterday afternoon he reached China.昨天下午他到达桂林。
2)复合谓语
(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成
You may keep the book for two weeks.这本书你可以借两周。
You’d better not take the magazine out of the reading-room.
你最好不要把这本杂志拿出阅览室。
He has caught a bad cold.He has to go to see a doctor.
他患了重感冒,必须去看医生。
3、表语
表语用来说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。
能作表语的有名词类(含代词、数词);形容词;非谓语动词(含分词、不定式、动名词;介词短语、副词及从句。
1)名词
He is an astronaut.他是一位宇航员。
2)形容词
The weather has turned cold.天气变冷了。
3) 非谓语动词
My job is to teach English. 我的工作是教英语。
The speech is exciting.这演讲激动人心。
His hobby is playing football.他的爱好是踢足球。
The teacher was pleased with my spoken English.老师对我的英语口语很满意。
4)介词短语
The machine must be out of order.这机器一定出毛病了。
He is against our plan.他反对我们的计划。
5)副词
Time is up.The class is over.时间到了,下课。
My father isn’t in.He is out.我父亲不在家,他出去了。
6)从句
The truth is that he has never been abroad.实际情况是他从未出过国。
What I want to know is when we’ll have the sports meet.
我想知道的是我们什么时候开运动会。
4、宾语
宾语表示及物动作的对象或承受者,用于回答谓语“谁”和“什么”,一般位于及物动词后面。但英语介词后也要求用宾语。
可充当宾语的内容和主语一样。
1)名词类
They went to see an exhibition yesterday.他们昨天去看了展览。
We should learn from him.我们应该向他学习。
2)非谓语类(不定式、ing 分词)
He pretended not to see me.他假装没有看见我。
She didn’t know what to do next.她不知道下一步做什么。
I enjoy listening to popular music.我喜欢听流行音乐。
3)从句
I think(that)he is fit for his office.我认为他称职。
He asked me whose pronunciation was the best in the class.
他问我班上谁的发音最好。
5、补语
补语用于补充说明主语或宾语。补语通常由形容词、名词或其他相当的结构担任。补语可分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。
1)宾语补足语:
The government appointed her chief delegate to the conference.
政府任命她为出席那个会议的代表团团长。(名词)
He doesn’t believe the story true.
他不相信这故事是真的。 (形容词)
The doctor advised her to stay in bed for a week.
医生建议她卧床休息一周。 (不定式)
They saw her walking into the bookstore.
他们看见她进书店了。 (分词短语)
The children saw the kite up and up.
孩子们看到风筝越飞越高。 (副词)
You should put your books in order.
你应该把书摆整齐。 (介词短语)
2)主语补足语:含宾语补足语的句子改成被动语态时,原宾语和宾语补足语便分别成为主语和主语补足语。
We found him working in the office.(在此主动句子中working是宾补)
我们发现他正在办公室工作。
He was found working in the office.(在此被动句子中working是主补)
他被发现在办公室工作。
6、定语
用来修饰、说明、限定名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
可充当定语的有形容词;非谓语类(含不定式,ing 分词和ed 分词);名词类(含代词、数词、名词所有格);介词短语、副词和从句。
单个词作定语通常位于所修饰的词之前,但短语、从句作定语时通常位于所修饰的词之后。
1)形容词
Guilin is a beautiful city.桂林是一座美丽的城市。
A bright future shines before us.光明的未来展现在我们眼前。
2) 非谓语类
The building to be built next year will be our school.
明年要建的那幢楼将是我们的学校。
China is a developing country;America is a developed country.
中国是一个发展中国家,美国是一个发达国家。
3)名词类
There are thirty women teachers in our schoo1.我们学校有30名女教师。
More than thirty students in our class have read the book.
我们班三十多个学生读过这本书。
Mary’s parents have gone abroad.玛丽的父母出国了。
4) 介词短语
He is reading an article about how to learn English.
他正在读一篇有关如何学习英语的文章。
Who is the girl in red? 穿红衣服的那个姑娘是谁?
5)副词(多位于被修饰词之后)
A noise outside made him turn around.外面的喧闹声使他转过身来。
The man in the room below is friendly.楼下房间的那人很友好。
6)从句
There is nothing that worries him.没有什么事使他烦恼。
I will remember the day when I first met her.
我将记住第一次遇见她的那一天。
7、状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。
可充当状语的主要有副词、介词短语、非谓语类和从句。
1)副词
Light travels most quickly.光传播得最快。
Factories and buildings are seen here and there.
到处都能见到工厂和建筑物。
2)介词短语
He has lived in the city for ten years.他在那座城市住了10年了。
In spite of the difficulties,we went on with our work.
尽管有困难,但是我们仍继续工作。
3)非谓语类
The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太重,我抬不起。
He is in the room making a model plane.他在房间里做一架飞机模型。
Not knowing what to do,he decided to ask the teacher for advice.
他不知道怎么办好,就去问老师。
Encouraged by the teacher,I made up my mind to learn English well.
在老师的鼓励下,我决心把英语学好。
4)从句
Once you begin,you must continue.一旦开始,你就得继续下去。
I must work harder in order that I may catch up with the others.
为了赶上其他人,我必须更努力学习。
状语的种类
1)时间状语
How about meeting again at six? 6:00再见面怎样?
2)原因状语
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.
由于下雨,她昨晚没有去参加舞会。
3)条件状语
I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.如果不下雨,我将到那里去。
As(So)long as you work hard,you can make rapid progress in English.
只要你努力,你就可以在英语方面取得很快的进步。
4)地点状语
Mr. Smith lives on the third floor.史密斯先生住在3楼。
Where there is water,there is life.有水的地方,就有生命。
5)方式状语
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.
她小心地把鸡蛋放在篮子里。
He has greatly improved his spoken English by this means.
他用这种方式极大地改善了他的英语口语。
6)伴随状语
She came in with a dictionary in her hand.她进来时手里拿着一本字典。
The teacher came in, followed by a group of students.
老师走了进来,后面跟着一群学生。
7)目的状语
In order to catch up with the others,I must work harder.
为了赶上其他人,我必须更努力学习。
I went there to see a friend of mine.我去那里看我的一个朋友。
8)结果状语
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.他累极了,立刻就睡着了。
We arrived there only to find an empty room.
我们到了那儿只发现了一个空房间。
9)让步状语
She works very hard though she is old.
虽然她年纪大了,但她仍然十分努力工作。
No matter when you come,you are warmly welcomed.
不管你什么时候来,都欢迎。
10)程度状语
They were greatly moved to hear the hero’s story.
听了英语的故事,他们深受感动。
I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意见。
11)比较状语
I am taller than he is.我比他高。
The more I speak English,the better I’ll be.我越多讲英语,就讲得越好。
句子成分练习
指出下列句中画线部分的词性及在句中的作用
1. Tonight we have something special for dinner.
2. a. Thank you for years of your valuable service
b. She keeps her jewels, money and other valuables in the bank
3. He is a very fine musician.
4. a. The farmer enjoys the beauty of the long stretch of his land.
b. My wool sweater stretched when I washed.
5. a. I had a sharp pain in my back.
b. The meeting starts at 3 o’clock sharp.
6. a. Sound travels at 1,000 feet per second.
b. Your idea sounds a good one.
c. Old as Mary is,she still enjoys sound health
7. a. Father booked three seats on a plane.
b. Tom bought the tickets at the booking office outside the cinema.
8. a. On his way home he bought some apples at fruit stand.
b. The injured driver can hardly stand the pain any longer
c .This book stands high in my opinion.
9. To construct a reservoir is an important government project
10. a. Lovely Christmas presents are placed on the floor around a tree.
b. When George left office, the director presented him with a silver teapot.
c. We learn from the past, experience the present, and hope for success in the future.
第二章 句子
第一节 简单句
简单句的五种基本句型
英语句子的主要特征是:是句子就必须含有主、谓。英语简单句有以下五种基本句型。
1.主语+系动词+表语(简称,主系表)
系动词+表语构成名词性合成谓语;可作表语的有名词、名词所有格、代词主格或宾格、名词性物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、形容词、副词、数词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、动名词、动词不定式和从句等。
She is a student.(名词)她是个学生。
He seems a clever boy.他似乎是个聪明的男孩。
She looks like her mother.(介词短语)她样子象她母亲。
The film is moving.(现在分词)这影片令人感动。
This shirt is not yours,but hers.(名词性物主代词)
这件衬衫不是你的,是她的。
2.主语+不及物动词(简称,主谓)
The sun rises.太阳升起来了。
He has just come.他刚来。
3.主语+及物动词+宾语(简称,主谓宾)
We love our motherland.我们热爱祖国。
she reads newspapers after supper.她晚饭后读报。
I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。
Li Ping wants to be a doctor.李平想当医生。
4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(简称,主谓双宾)
直接宾语和间接宾语又叫双宾语。直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人。二者没有逻辑的主谓关系。要求跟双宾语的动词可分为两类:
(1)give,show,send,pass,hand,lend,post,serve,read,take,write,tell,teach.return,wish,allow,offer,promise,throw等。(sth. to sb.)
I lent her a novel.= I lent a novel to her. 我借给她一本小说。
Please show her your photos.= Please show your photos to her.
请把你的照片给她看看。
(2)buy,do, make,find,build, choose,cut,draw, earn,gather,paint,pick, prepare get,order,sing,spare等。(sth. for sb.)
Her mother bought her a red skirt.
= Her mother bought a red skirt for her.
她母亲给她买了一条红裙子。
Please do me a favor.= Please do a favor for me. 请帮个忙。
5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补(简称,主谓复合宾)
有些动词带一个宾语意思不完整,还需要一个宾语补足语进一步说明,意思才完整。宾语+宾语补足语构成复合宾语。宾语和宾语补足语之间有逻辑的主谓关系。双宾语之间则没有逻辑的主谓关系。
可作宾语补足语的词类有:名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词和介词短语。
常见的要求带宾补的动词有:make,elect,choose,call,name,leave,find, keep, think, set, let,see,show,ask,tell,invite,want,wish,advise,get,force,oblige,allow,permit,like,encourage,order,expect,prefer,hate,persuade等。
Her parents named her Mary.(名词)父母给她取名玛丽。
Do you find life hard here?(形容词)你感觉这儿的生活艰苦吗?
I’m so glad I found you in.(副词)我很高兴你在家。
I strongly advised him not to do so.(不定式)我竭力劝他不要这样做。
Suddenly I felt the atmosphere grow tense.
(不带to 的不定式)我突然感到气氛紧张起来。
I noticed him leaving the house.(-ing形式)我注意到他离开房子。
I was glad to see them so well treated.
(-ed形式)看到他们受到这样好的待遇,我很高兴。
另外,有些动词要求用it作形式宾语,名词或形容词作宾补,如:make,find,feel,think.
I feel it necessary to speak about my opinion.
(形容词)我觉得有必要谈谈我的意见。
思考题
1、什么叫双宾语?
2、什么叫复合宾语?
3、双宾语和复合宾语有什么区别?举例说明。
练习题:说出系列各句分别是哪种句型;如果含有宾补,请划出作宾补的词语。
1、The old man stopped to watch the children playing.
2、She is deeply moved.
3、What I want is this.
4、She is out.
5、Her job is looking after the children.
6、I hope that you can often write me letters.
7、Allow me a few minutes to read the magazine.
8、She offered an old man her seat.
9、She wrote a letter to me.(她写了封信给我。)
10、She wrote a letter for me.(她替我写了封信。)
11、How do you find the dish?
12、Please ask them upstairs.
13、Will you allow me to take this magazine home?
14、I’ve never seen you look so well before.
15、He kept you wait a long time.
16、They invited me to attend the party.
17、They made Smith the president of the University.
18、Doctors recognize Johnson as a leading authority.
19、His teacher advised him to take up the piano.
20、He gave me the facts in brief
第二节 并列句
并列句包括两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句。其结构为“简单句+连词+简单句”或中间由“;”连接。
1、表示延续、并列关系的连词有and(同,和),so(所以,因此),for, therefore(因为,所以),not only…but(also)(不仅……而且),neither…nor(既不……也不)等。如:
We help them and they help us.
我们帮助他们,他们帮助我们。
He has been working hard, so he has made much progress recently.
他一直努力工作,所以他近来取得了很大进步。
I think,therefore I exist.
我思故我在。
She not only writes her own plays, but she also acts in them.
她不仅自己编剧本,还饰演其中的角色。
He neither speaks English, nor understands it.
他既不会讲英语,也听不懂英语。
2、表示两者之间选择其一常用的有or(或者,否则),otherwise(否则),or else(否则),either…or(不是……就是)。如:
Either he is to blame or I am.
不是他该受责,就是我该受责。
You must go to work or/or else/otherwise you’ll lose your job.
你得去上班了,要不然就要失去这份工作了。
3、表示转折关系的并列连词有but(但是),yet(然而),still(仍然),however(然而),while(而,可是另一方面),whereas(而,反过来)等。
He is well over seventy, but he doesn’t look at all old.
他七十多岁,但看上去一点儿也不老。
She trained hard all year, yet she still failed to reach her best form.
她全年艰苦训练,然而仍未达到自己的最佳状态。
I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream
我爱喝清咖啡而他喜欢加奶油的。
第三节 复合句
复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。从句包括名词性从句(主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句)、状语从句和定语从句。 如:
What he said is true. 他所说的是真的。(主语从句)
I didn’t hear what he had said. 我没听见他说的什么。(宾语从句)
The question is who will go there. 问题是谁愿意去那里。(表语从句)
I was about to leave,when the telephone rang.
我正准备离开,电话响了。(状语从句)
This is the book that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的书。(定语从句)
名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句三大从句的具体用法下面我们要分别具体解释。
练习:判断下列句子是并列句还是复合句。
1. The wind blew hard; the snow fell heavily.
2. Use your head,and you’11 find the answer.
3. Do what you’ve been told,otherwise you will be punished.
4. Would you like a cup of coffee or shall we get down to business right away?
5. He is strong,while his brother is weak.
6. He got up early,(and)yet he failed to catch the early bus.
7. He knew what he wanted,however,he didn’t know how to get it.
8. Why he didn’t come wasn’t quite clear.
9. When we’ll have the sports meet hasn’t been decided yet.
10. She is weak, while his son is strong.
11. Though he is old,(yet)he works very hard.
12. I really believe(that)Tom was telling the truth.
13. I am sure that we can get there on time.
14. Do you know the man who is talking to Mr. Jack?
15. Where there is a will, there is a way.
16. Spring comes and trees turn green.
17. He doesn’t smoke,neither/nor does his brother.
18. I spoke so slowly that I could make myself understood.
第四节 名词性从句
一、 定义
首先,请同学们说出下列句各中划线词的词性及语法作用。
Mary is a teacher.
I like English.
结论:它们都是名词,在句中分别做主语、表语和宾语。即在英语中名词的主要作用是做主语、表语和宾语。
然后,我们一起分析下列各句中划线部分的语法作用。
That Mary is a teacher is known to us all.
I know that Mary is a teacher.
The fact is that Mary is a teacher.
结论:它们分别做主语、宾语和表语。均起到了一个名词的作用。再者,划线部分本身就是一个句子,故在复合句中起名词作用的从句统称名词性从句。
二、分类
请重读上述例句并依据它们在全句中的作用,说出它们具体的从句名称。
That Mary is a teacher is known to us all.
I know that Mary is a teacher.
The fact is that Mary is a teacher.
结论:在复合句中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句;
起____作用的从句称为宾语从句;
起表语作用的从句称为____从句;
名词性从句分三类:主语从句;宾语从句和表语从句。
三、连词
引导名词性从句的引导词有三类:
1. that
2. whether/if(主要用于引导主语从句和宾语从句);as if(主要用于引导表语从句)
3. who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how.
主语从句
that引导的主语从句
That he will come tomorrow is certain.
That she became monitor made us happy.
英文中有一种习惯,把that 引导的主语从句用it来代替它,即it做形式主语,把做真正主语的主语从句放在主句之后。如:
That he will come tomorrow is certain.
=It is certain that he will come tomorrow. 再例:
It is necessary that we learn English well.
It is a pity that we can’t go shopping.
It is said that he has been to England.
whether引导的主语从句
Whether she will be our teacher is not clear.
=It is not clear whether she will be our teacher.
Whether he will succeed or not doesn’t interest me.
=It doesn’t interest me whether he will succeed or not.
wh-词和how 引导的主语从句
(who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why均以wh开头,故统称wh-词)
Who will be our English teacher has not been decided.
What you have said sounds reasonable.
注意:1. that在主语从句中不起任何语法作用,但不能省略。
2. if 不能引导主语从句。
宾语从句
它可以作动词谓语的宾语,也可作非谓语动词、某些介词和某些形容词的宾语。
that引导的宾语从句
I really believe(that)Tom was telling the truth.
I am sure that we can get there on time.
由that引起的宾语从句在意思上相当于陈述句,此时that常可省去,但在以下几种情况下,that不可省。
1)that从句被短语,词组等与谓语动词分隔开时,that不可省。
They told us once again that this should never happen.
(此句中that引导的宾语从句被词组once again与主句隔开,因此that不可省。)
Everyone could see,I believe, that Mike was terrified.
(句中I believe为插入语,故that不可省)
2)当连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,第二个从句及以后的连接词that不可省。
She said(that)her mother had gone abroad and that she would come back in a week.
whether,if 引导的宾语从句
I don,t know if/whether he has ever been to New York.
I wonder whether he can speak German or not.
以上例句中的whether和if(是否)都是引导宾语从句的,一般情况下whether,和if可互换。但在下列情况下whether和if不可换用。
1)whether之后可紧跟or not或构成whether.. .or not结构,if后一般不能紧跟or not,但可构成if...or not结构.
I wonder whether/if Mr.Smith has arrived or not.
I wonder whether or not Mr.Smith has arrived.(不可用if代替)
2)当宾语从句是否定句时,只可用if而不可用whether。
I don’t care if she doesn’t smile.
3)当该宾语从句为介词宾语时,只可用whether而不可用if.
I’m not interested in whether you are against the proposal or not.
4)当宾语从句中出现了并列连词or构成的并列结构时,只可用whether而不可用if.
He asked me whether I was a student or a teacher.
wh-词和how 引导的宾语从句
I can’t imagine why he did that thing.
Please tell me where you went yesterday.
注意:1. 整个复合句是疑问句时,其中的宾语从句应用陈述句的语序。
2. 当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时,宾语从句的谓语应用过去相应的时态。(表示真理的和客观事实的除外)
表语从句
that引导的表语从句
The reason was that he fell ill.
My idea is that we should spend our holiday in Qingdao.
as if 引导的表语从句
The question is whether it is worth doing.
It looks as if it is going to rain.
wh-词和how 引导的表语从句
Is this where he was born?
The important thing is what on earth has happened to him.
The question is who will go there.
思考题
1.主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句为什么统称为名词性从句?
2.that 引导主语从句和宾语从句有什么异同?
3.whether 和if 在引导名词性从句时的区别是什么?
4.在宾语从句中,哪几种情况that不能省略?在语序和时态方面应注意什么?
练习:
一、找出下列各复合句中的从句并说明是什么从句,且口译全句。
1. It is a wonder that he should know so much about this matter.
2. I’m sure that you are the tallest man in the world.
3. We are afraid that the trip will be too much for an old man.
4. It doesn’t make much difference whether they come or not.
5. Whether or not he is your friend doesn’t too much.
6. Where she has gone is not known yet.
7. You may take whatever you like.
8. He told me where he had been.
9. I know when we will take off for London.
10. How he became a three-good student is known to us a11.
11. Why he didn’t come wasn’t quite clear.
12. It happened that they went out when I called.
13. When we’11 have the sports meet hasn’t been decided yet.
14. Whom the teacher will praise in class is an important question.
15. I’m sorry that I didn’t recognize you just now.
16. We are glad that none of you failed in this exam.
17. He said that he would call on his old teacher.
18. I heard that some of the old teachers in our school had retired.
19. I want to know what has happened to her.
20. Whose answer is correct will be discussed at the meeting.
21. Which composition is the best will be decided tomorrow.
22. I was surprised at what you said.
23. Did he say anything about how the work was to be done?
24. The question is whether it worth doing.
25. The reason is that he fell ill.
二、单项选择
1.Can you tell me_____?
A. who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is who
C. who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentleman
2.Can you tell me _____ the railway station?
A, how I can get to B. how can I get to
C. where I can get to D.where can I get to
3.Ask her _____ come with me.
A. if she will B.if will she
C.whether will she D.will she
4. I have no idea _____ far the airport is from here.
A.what B. how C.it’s D.that
5.They have no idea at all ______ .
A. where he has gone B.where did he go
C. which place has he gone D.where has he gone
6._____ he said is true.
A. What B.That C.Which D.Whether
7._____ you have done might do harm to other people.
A.That B. What C.Which D.This
8.They want to know _____ do to help us.
A. what can they B. what they can
C. how they can D.how can they
9. These photographs will show you ______.
A.what does our village look like B. what our village looks like
C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like
10. _____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone B.The person C. Whoever D.Who
11. _____ we need more practice is quite clear.
A.When B.What C. That D./
l2. _____ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business
A.If B. Whether C. Even if D.No matter when
13._____ he is doing seems quite difficult.
A.How B.That C.Which D. What
14. ______ that there is another good harvest this year.
A.It says B. It is said C.I was said D.He was said
15. It is suggested that a new building_____.
A. be built at once B. should build next year
C.would be built at once D. could be built next year
16.It is suggested that the experiment _____ under low temperature.
A.makes B.is making C. should be made D.will be made
17._____ was quite helpful.
A. What they advised me to do B.That they advised me to do
C. What did they advise me to do D.All what they advised me to do
18._____ still needs to be discussed.
A. How is the plan to be carried out B. How the plan is to be carried out
C. Why is the plan carried out D. Why the plan is carried out
19.The question is _____ we’11 overcome all the difficulties.
A.what B. how C.that D.which
20.Shanghai is no longer the same city _____ .
A. as it used to be B.what it used to be
C. as it is used to being D.that it used to be
21.Is it possible _____ he misunderstood _____ I said?
A.that, that B. what, what
C.what, that D. that, what
22.He thought _____ he might fail in the exam worried him.
A.which B. that C.when D.so that
23.The fact is ____ he is an advanced worker.
A.what B.which C. that D.why
24.I have no idea _____.
A. what does the word“infinity”mean
B. what the word“infinity”means
C. what the meaning of word the“infinity”
D. what the word“infinity”mean
25.I wonder _____ he asked such a silly question in public.
A.how B.what C.that D. why
26.Are you sure _____?
A. whether she is honest B.that she is honesty
C. she is honest D.is she honest
27.He _____ you are not going abroad.
A.surprised that B. is surprised that
C.surprised at D. is surprised whether
28. What I said was wrong in the last letter for you.I wish I ______ it back.
A. could take B. would take C.will take D.take
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英语单词是学英语的基础,多记忆背诵才能学好英语。下面读文网小编为大家带来剑桥高级英语单词,欢迎大家学习!
cover verb 代替
department noun 部门/科/系
personnel noun 人事部
edit verb 编辑,校订
efficient adjective 有效率的/能干的
examine verb 检查,调查
extended adjective 延长的
cost noun 成本
quotes noun 引号
doubt noun 怀疑,疑问
exclamation mark noun 感叹号
factory noun 工厂
subsidiary adjective 辅助/补充的
freight noun 货物,运费
dial verb 拨(电话)
dispatch verb 派遣,发送
milestone noun 里程碑,转折点
numerous adjective 许多的,无数的
railroad = railway noun 铁路
spearhead verb 领先/充当先锋
turn of the century 世纪之交
versatile adjective 万能的/多才多艺的
domestic adjective 国内的
exchange verb 交换,兑换
hostile adjective 敌对的
impatience noun 急躁
polite adjective 有礼貌的,有教养的
abroad adjective, adverb 往国外/海外
vehicle noun 交通工具
briefcase noun 公文包
bug noun 窃听器
detector noun 探测器
disguise noun 伪装
distributor noun 经销商
eavesdrop verb 偷听
以上就是读文网小编为大家带来的剑桥高级英语单词,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
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中考英语语法知识归纳总结人教版最新
备考中考英语时,需要对重点语法和一些常考的知识点进行全面的复习。那么中考英语知识点怎么学习呢?以下是小编准备的一些中考英语语法知识归纳总结人教版,仅供参考。
一、听力
听力题主要考查整体理解和获取对话核心信息的能力。应试技巧:1.克服紧张心理,放松自己。心态平稳,才能有效发挥。2.试卷下发后,浏览问题题干,快速预测,以便带着问题有目的地去听。3.集中注意力听录音,果断答题。4.要学会放弃。如果有部分信息确实没听清楚,不要纠缠,马上放弃,以免影响后面答题。5.平时听力训练时要养成简写速记的习惯。
二、完形填空
完形填空题考查词汇知识、阅读能力、逻辑推理判断能力。应试技巧:1.快速通读短文,把握大意。特别注重首尾句的理解,抓住各段的主题句,理顺思路,为后面答题做好铺垫。2.在通读全文、理解大意的基础上,根据固定搭配、习惯用法、上下文暗示先选出一部分答案。然后细读全文,联系上下文内容、短语意思、语法法则、固定搭配等,对选项进行逐一比较和筛选,排除错误选项,最终确定正确答案。3.个别无法确定答案的,先跳过,往往能从下文暗示中找到答案。4.通读全文,验证答案。完成答案后,把所选的答案代入原文,通读全文,对所选答案进行核实调整。重要提示:切忌不通读全文,看一空填一空。
三、阅读理解
阅读理解主要考查学生阅读理解、获取信息和处理信息的能力。应试技巧:1.先看问题,再阅读。带着问题快速阅读全文,把握文章大意,明确作者观点和态度,寻求所需要的信息。2.注重主题句,各段的首尾句。3.概括大意,揣摩文章中心,掌握主旨和作者意图,不要过分推敲语言点。4.遇到生词要根据上下文或语境猜词义,不必停顿时间过长。
四、书面表达
书面表达考查学生综合语言运用能力。应试技巧:写作前:1.审题。审题要仔细,理清写作的体裁和格式,明确信息要点及词数限定等。抓住主旨要义,形成书面表达的思路及框架。2.整编。整合信息要点,分清段落层次,编写出提纲。写作中:1.根据体裁和信息要点明确作文所需要的重点句型和短语,尽量使用自己熟知的句型和短语。遇到不会词句,换用另一种意义相近的句式表达。2.遣词造句,用词地道。3.行文连贯。句与句之间,段与段之间连接自然连贯。写作后:1.检查与修改。重点检查:要点是否全面;内容是否完整;格式是否正确;句型、短语是否准确;语法有否错误;拼写有否错误;字数是否符合要求。2.考生在答卷时,写草稿,或写简略提纲,书写清楚规范,做到零涂改,确保卷面整洁。
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高考英语语法必考知识点归纳(完整版)
英语高考本身就不仅仅是背背单词那么简单的,高考英语涉及到很多语法知识,是一次非常全面正式的考试。以下是小编准备的一些高考英语语法必考知识点归纳,仅供参考。
听力应试技巧与策略
听前:略读题目,切入话题,划出重点,预测内容(确定人物身份)
听中:捕捉信息,速记要点,有的放矢,去伪存真(短文独白,首末为主旨句,注意5W,1H)
听后:连贯记忆,前后联系,综合考虑,一锤定音。
阅读理解
1.归纳标题题
特点:短小精悍,一般多为一个短语;涵盖性强,一般能覆盖全文意思;精确性强,表达范围要恰当,不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。常见命题形式有:
What’s the best title for the text?
The best title for this passage is ____.
Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
2. 概括大意题
包括寻找段落大意(topic)和文章中心思想(main idea),常见命题形式有:
What is the general/main idea of the passage?
Which of the following expresses the main idea?
What is the subject discussed in the text?
细节理解题
考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字等议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。这类题目的共同特点是:答案一般都能在文章中找到。当然,答案并不一定是文章中的原句,考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。
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