为您找到与英语谓语动词的语态相关的共200个结果:
根据后面是否带宾语,行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词,及物动词(vt. ) 后面要跟宾语,不及物动词(vi. ) 不跟宾语。如:
They study hard. 他们勤奋学习。(study后没有宾语,是不及物动词)
I know them well. 我很了解他们。(know后有宾语them,是及物动词)
注:有的动词既可作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。如:
She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing是不及物动词)
She sang an English song just now. 她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing是及物动词)
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在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫作非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式∶动名词,不定式和分词﹙包括现在分词和过去分词﹚
非谓语动词与其他动词的不同点:
1.非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词),在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
2.非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
3.非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词),在句中作状语。
4.谓语动词在句中作谓语,受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语,它不受主语的人称和数的限制。
(5)英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。
非谓语动词分类:
不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别
不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。
不定式和动名词作宾语的区别
begin开始 determine决定 manage设法 agree同意 love 喜欢 fail不能 plan计划
(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语
acknowledge承认,admit 承认 dislike不喜欢,讨厌 advocate:提倡,主张 complete完成
appreciate 感激,欣赏 avoid避免 enjoy享有,喜爱 delay延迟 escape逃跑,逃避 deny否认
consider 考虑 fancy幻想,爱好 mind 介意 miss错过 finish完成,结束不得 resist抵抗,阻止 imagine设想 postpone延迟,延期 practise 实行,实践 suggest建议 prevent阻止
keep保持 quit放弃停止 loathe非常讨厌,厌恶 recall回想
不定式和动名词作主语的区别
(1)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。例如:
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
(2)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。例如:
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.
不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。
不定式和分词作状语的区别
1)现在分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,它们之间的关系是主动关系。
2)过去分词作状语时,过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
非谓语动词常考的其它结构
(1)疑问词+不定式结构
疑问词who,what,which,when,where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语和双重宾语。
(2)不带to的不定式
在表示生理感觉的动词后的不定式不带to。
这类词有: feel 觉得 observe 注意到,看到 overhear听到 watch注视 listen to听 perceive察觉,感知 notice注意 see看见 look at看 hear听
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suggest 是个及物动词,后面可以跟名词、代词、动词 -ing 形式或从句作它的宾语。各种试题对 suggest的考查通常涉及到它的非谓语动词形式、宾语从句及宾语从句的虚拟语气等方面。下面就结合历年高考试题,对suggest 的用法作一小结,希望对大家有帮助。
suggest作英语动词的用法大全
一、有“建议”的意思。advise、propose也有此意,请比较它们用法的异同:
1) 都可接名词做宾语
She suggested/ advised/ proposed an early start. 她建议早一点出发。
We suggested/ advised/ proposed a visit to the museum the next day.
我们建议明天去参观博物馆。
2) 都可接动名词做宾语
I suggested/ advised/ proposed putting off the sports-meet. 我建议将运动会延期。
They suggested/ advised/ proposed waiting until the proper time.
他们建议(我们)等到恰当的时机才行动。
3) 都可接that宾语从句,that从句用should+动词原形,should可以省略。
She suggested/ advised/ proposed that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday.
她建议班会不要在星期六举行。
We suggested/ advised/ proposed that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher.
我们建议他去向老师道歉。
4) advise可接动词不定式复合宾语,propose可接不定式做宾语。
I advised him to give up the foolish idea. =I suggested/proposed his/him giving up the foolish idea.我建议他放弃那愚蠢的念头。(suggest和propose在口语里可接动名词的复合宾语)。
We proposed to start early. =We proposed starting early.我们建议早一点出发。(接不定式不用suggest和advise)
二、有“提出”的意思。
如:He suggested a different plan to his boss. 他向老板提出了一个不同的计划。
Xiao Wang suggested a way to solve the problem. 小王提出了一个解决这个问题的办法。
三、有“暗示、表明”的意思,其主语往往是事物,而不是人。
1) 接名词或动名词做宾语。
The simple house suggested a modest income. 这座简朴的房子表明(房主的)收入并不高。
Her pale face suggested bad health. 她脸色苍白,看来身体不好。
The thought of summer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天,就使人们联想到游泳。
2) 接宾语从句,从句用陈述语气。如:
The decision suggested that he might bring his family. 这个决定表明他可以把家属带来。
The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry. 他脸上的表情表明他很生气。
四、在主语从句It is suggested that…及名词suggestion后面表示具体建议的表语从句、同位语从句都应用should+动词原形,should可以省略。如:
It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party.
人们建议我们在晚会上表演节目。
His suggestion was that the debts (should) be paid off first. 他的建议是先把债务还清。
The doctors made a suggestion that the new hospital (should) not be set up on the hill.
医生们建议不要把新医院建在山上。
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need一词是中学英语“四会”(听、说、读、写)词汇之一,能够充分理解和正确运用它是教学大纲的必然要求。但由于其词性多变,许多学生对它满怀疑惑,特别是在需要将句子变为否定与疑问的时候不知是在其后加not呢,还是借助助动词。
虽然need一词的汉语意思都与“需要”有关,但就词性而言,它可用作实义动词、情态动词和名词;词性发生了变化,它的用法与在句子中所起的作用也随之改变。下面是读文网小编整理的一些关于need的用法总结, 希望让大家更好地认识hneed这个单词,提高英语水平。
need作为英语动词的用法:
I’m badly in need of your help./I need your help badly. 我非常需要你的帮助。There’s a great need for teachers here. 这儿非常需要教师。There’s no need for doctors here. 这儿不需要医生。
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make有开始;前进;增大;使得;进行等意思,make作为使役动词的用法有哪些你知道吗,今天读文网小编在这里为大家介绍使役动词make的英语常见用法,欢迎大家阅读!
1. 用作使役动词,表示“使”,后接不定式的复合结构作宾语时,不定式不能带 to;但是,若make为被动语态,则不定式必须带to。如:
Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister. 虽然他曾经常把他小妹妹弄哭,但今天他被他小妹妹弄哭了。
注意,若make不表示“使”,而表示其他意思则情况不同,比如下面两句,make后的不定式不是宾语补足语,而是目的状语:
We make candles to give light. 我们做蜡烛照明。
He made a box to put his money in. 他做了个盒子来装钱。
2. 其后除可接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语外,还可以接以下成分:
(1) 接过去分词作宾语补足语。如:
He tried to make his ideas known. 他设法让别人知道他的想法。
She had to shout to make herself heard. 她必须大声喊才能让人听见她说话。
注意,其后通常不接现在分词作宾语补足语。如:
他让司机在外面等他。
误:He made the driver waiting for him outside.
正:He had the driver waiting for him outside.
(2) 接形容词作宾语补足语。如:
Have I made myself clear? 我的意思说清楚了吗?
We’ll do our best to make you happy. 我们会尽一切努力使你幸福。
(3) 接介词短语作宾语补足语。如:
Sit down and make yourself at home. 请坐,不要拘束。
3. 有时可用作连系动词,表示“成为”“变成”等。如:
She would have made an excellent teacher. 她本可以成为杰出的教师。
That will make a good ending to the book. 那就成了这本书很好的结尾。
4. 以下各表达中的 make 在译成中文较灵活,需注意:make tea(泡茶),make money(赚钱),make the train(赶上火车),make the party(参加聚会),make 20 miles in an hour(一小时走20英里),等。
5. 用于“be made+介词”:
(1) 比较 be made of 与 be made from:两者均表示“由……制成”,但前者通常表示在制成品中还看得出原材料,而后者则通常表示在制成品中看不出原材料。如:
The chair is made of wood. 这椅子是用木头做的。
Some paper is made from wood. 有些纸是用木头做的。
但是,在现代英语中有时不完全按此区分。
(2) 比较 be make out of 与 be made into:前者表示“由……制成”,后者表示“制成……”。两者有时可互换,并且根据情况也可与上面两个句型互换(注意词序的变化)。如:
Rice can be made into wine. 米可以酿成酒。
Wine can be made out of [from] rice. 酒可以由米酿成。
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下面是小编整理的一些关于advise的英语常见用法,希望对大家有所帮助。
advise 劝告,忠告;当...的顾问;通知,告知;建议采取等意思,关于advise的用法也是各种各样:
请指点我选哪一个。
正:Please advise me which to choose.
正:Please advise me which I should choose.
我劝他不要一个人去。
正:I advised him not to go alone.
正:I advised him against going alone.
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英语动词按其过去式和过去分词的构成方式可分为规则动词和不规则动词。规则动词的过去式和过去分词由词尾加ed构成,而不规则动词的变化因词而异。但如对不规则动词的过去式和过去分词做一分析,就可发现其中的“规则”。下面小编为大家整理的一些不规则动词,,希望能帮助大家了解不规则动词,更好地背诵不规则动词。
become became become
come came come
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以下是小编为大家整理的非谓语动词用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识非谓语动词,提高英语水平。
1.动名词和动词不定式在用法上的比较
(1)一般说来动名词所表示的动作在意义上是比较抽象的、一般的,时间概念不强,不是指某一次的动作;而动词不定式所表示的动作则往往是具体的一次行为。例如:
1)I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim today.
2) They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold.
3) Would you prefer to stay at home this evening?
(2)动词不定式的逻辑主语,常常是句子的主语或句中的某个词;而动名词的逻辑主语可能是句子主语或句中某个词,也可能是泛指一般人物,在句子里是找不着的。例如:
1)I hate to be sitting idle. (我不想闲坐着。)(指自己)
2)I hate saying nothing at a meeting but gossiping afterwards. (我不喜欢开会不说会后乱说。)(可能指自己,也可能泛指一般人)
(3)有些词后既可接动名词亦可接动词不定式,但意义不同,如stop, remember, forget, neglect, omit, dislike, detests, begin, continue, start, regret, intend, attempt, propose等。例如:
When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking. (talking 是宾语,指停止讲话这个动作)
When the teacher came in, the students stopped to talk. (to talk是目的状语,指停下前一动作来进行talk)
Remember, forget doing something (指已做过的事)
Remember, forget to do something (指未做过的事)
2.动名词和现在分词在用法上的区别
(1)作定语的区别。分词往往表示它所修饰的词所做的动作,即逻辑主语是它所修饰的词;动名词往往表示与它所修饰的词有关的动作,即所修饰的词不能充当逻辑主语。例如:
sleeping car (= a car for sleeping) (动名词)
working method (= method of working)(动名词)
the raging storm (= the storm that is raging) (狂暴的风雨)(分词)
scorching heat (= heat that is scorching) (炙人的热气)(分词)
(2)作表语的区别。分词作表语时保持它的形容词特征,动名词作表语时保持它的名词特征。动名词作表语时常可与主语互换位置,分词则不行。例如:
The novel is interesting. ( 现在分词)
My job is teaching English. (动名词)
(3)作状语的区别。分词具有副词特征,可以直接用作状语;动名词不具有副词特征,不能单独作状语,只有与介词结合时才能作状语。例如:
1) Hearing the news, they immediately set off for the station. (分词作状语)
2) Given another chance, I’ll do it much better. (分词作状语)
3) After finishing his homework, he went to the reading-room. (动名词与介词一起作状语)
4) On coming in she laid a file of documents upon the table. (动名词与介词一起作状语)
3.动词不定式作宾语补语和现在分词作宾语补语的区别
动词不定式只说明宾语的一个动作,而分词则说明宾语的动作正在进行。例如:
1)Just then he heard someone sing in the next room. (在那时,他听见有人在隔壁房间里唱歌。)
2)Just then he heard someone singing in the next room. (在那时,他听见有人正在隔壁房间里唱歌。
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非谓语动词是历年的热点、难点和重点。在学习非谓语动词时,好多同学感到"剪不断,理还乱"。所以在复习中,非常有必要通过观察、比较,归纳掌握其用法,并总结其用法。下面是读文网小编整理的非谓语动词用法总结大全,希望对大家的英语学习有所帮助。
interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的
exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的
delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的
disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的
encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的
pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的
puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的
satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的
worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的
Travelling is interesting but tiring.旅行是有趣的,但是使人疲劳。
The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.如果要学生学得太多,他们会感到糊涂的。
The argument is very convincing.他的论点很令人信服。
They were very excited at the news.听到这个消息,他们非常激动。
3.不定式和动名词作宾语的区别
英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式,也可跟动名词作直接宾语,但有些动词要求:
(1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语
1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语
attempt企图enable能够neglect忽视
afford负担得起demand要求long渴望
arrange安排destine注定mean意欲,打算
begin开始expect期望omit忽略,漏
appear似乎,显得determine决定manage设法
cease停止hate憎恨,厌恶pretend假装
ask问dread害怕need需要
agree同意desire愿望love爱
swear宣誓volunteer志愿wish希望
bear承受endeavor努力offer提供
beg请求fail不能plan计划
bother扰乱;烦恼forget忘记prefer喜欢,宁愿
care关心,喜欢happen碰巧prepare准备
decide决定learn学习regret抱歉,遗憾
choose选择hesitate犹豫profess表明
claim要求hope希望promise承诺,允许
start开始undertake承接want想要
consent同意,赞同intend想要refuse拒绝
decide决定learn学习vow起
contrive设法,图谋incline有…倾向propose提议
seek找,寻觅try试图
2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补:动词+宾语+动词不定式
ask要求,邀请get请,得到prompt促使
allow允许forbid禁止prefer喜欢,宁愿
announce宣布force强迫press迫使
bride 收买inspire鼓舞request请求
assist协助hate憎恶pronounce断定,表示
advise劝告exhort告诫,勉励pray请求
authorize授权,委托help帮助recommend劝告,推荐
bear容忍implore恳求remind提醒
beg请求induce引诱report报告
compel强迫invite吸引,邀请,summon传唤
command命令intend想要,企图show 显示
drive驱赶mean意欲,打算train训练
cause引起instruct指示require要求
deserve应受leave使,让tell告诉
direct指导like喜欢tempt劝诱
entitle有资格order命令warn告诫
enable使能够need需要urge激励,力说
encourage鼓励oblige不得不want想要
condemn指责,谴责lead引起,使得teach教
entreat恳求permit允许wish希望#p#副标题#e#
(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语
acknowledge承认,自认cease 停止mention说到,讲到
admit 承认tolerate忍受dislike不喜欢,讨厌
advocate:提倡,主张complete完成dread可怕
appreciate 感激,欣赏confess坦白endure忍受
avoid避免contemplate细想enjoy享有,喜爱
bear忍受defer拖延envy嫉妒
can't help不禁delay延迟escape逃跑,逃避
can't stand受不了deny否认excuse借口
consider 考虑detest嫌恶fancy幻想,爱好
favor 造成,偏爱mind 介意repent悔悟
figure描绘,计算miss错过resent怨恨
finish完成,结束不得pardon原谅,饶恕resist抵抗,阻止
forgive原谅permit 允许resume恢复
imagine设想postpone延迟,延期risk冒险
involve卷入,包含practise 实行,实践suggest建议
hate讨厌prevent阻止save营救,储蓄
keep保持quit放弃停止stand坚持,忍受
loathe非常讨厌,厌恶recall回想
例如:I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。
(3)有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别
1)forget to do 忘记要去做某事(此事未做)
forget doing忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生)
2)stop to do 停止、中断(某件事),目的是去做另一件事
stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事
3)remember to do 记住去做某事(未做)
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾
regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔
5)try to do努力、企图做某事
try doing试验、试一试某种办法
6) mean to do打算,有意要…
mean doing意味着
7)go on to do 继而(去做另外一件事情)
go on doing 继续(原先没有做完的事情)
8)propose to do 打算(要做某事)
proposing doing建议(做某事)
9) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为;+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念
(注)如果这些动词前有should一词,其后宾语只跟不定式,不能跟动名词。例如:
I should like to see him tomorrow.
10) need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义;+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
You must remember to leave tomorrow.你可要记着是明天动身。
I don't regret telling her what I thought.我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过)
I regret to have to do this,but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做,我实在没办法。(未做但要做)
You must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。
Let's try doing the work some other way.让我们试一试用另外一种办法来做这工作。
I didn't mean to hurt your feeling.我没想要伤害你的感情。
This illness will mean (your) going to hospital.得了这种病(你)就要进医院。
4.不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
(1)不定式作定语
1)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系
He was the last one to leave school yesterday.昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。
The train to arrive was from London.将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。
2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系
Get him something to eat.给他拿点儿东西吃。
She has a lot of work to do in the morning.早上他有很多工作要做。
3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语,要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系,这里的介词不能省去。
I need a pen to write with.我需要一支笔写字。
There is nothing to worry about.没有什么值得发愁的。
4)不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如:
ability能力,本领drive赶,驾驶movement运动,活动
ambition抱负,野心effort努力,尝试need需要,需求
campaign战役,运动failure失败,不及格opportunity机会
chance机会force力,压力,要点promise许诺,希望
courage勇气intention意向,意图reason理由,原因
decision决定method方法,方式light光,光线,亮光
determination决心,决定motive动机,目的struggle奋斗,努力,
tendency倾向,趋势wish希望,愿望,祝愿
5)被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next,second, last, only和not a,the等限定词时候,只能用不定式。
6)不定代词something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等习惯上用不定式做定语。
John will do anything but work on a farm.除了农活,约翰什么都愿意干。
7)如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语,或者其形容词要器接不定式做补语,则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如:tend to do---tendency to do;decide to do = decision to do;be curious to do = curiosity to do
His wish to buy a car came true.他要买辆车的愿望实现了。
Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us.
他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
他总是第一个到来,最后一个离去。
(2)分词作定语
分词作定语时有下面几个特点:
1)现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词一般表示被动含意。
2)现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。
He rushed into the burning house.他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。
The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。
The room facing south is our classroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。
Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗?
He is an advanced teacher.他是个先进教师。
3)下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语,但不具有被动意义,这点要注意:
departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gone, frown-up, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, much-traveled, newly-arrived, recently-come
(3)不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系
一般来说,不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如:
Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing?
你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗?
Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office?
你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗?
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非谓语动词用法相关
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以下是小编为大家整理的非谓语动词作宾语的用法归纳,希望能帮助大家更好掌握这类单词,提高英语水平。
1. 有的动词既可后接不定式作宾语,也可后接动名词作宾语,两者意思基本相同,有时甚至可以互换。这类动词主要有:
like 喜欢love 喜欢 hate 憎恨prefer 宁可
bother 麻烦 intend 打算 attempt 试图cease 停止
begin 开始 start 开始 continue 继续
can’t bear 不能忍受
请看以下典型用例:
They continued to meet [meeting] daily. 他们继续每天都见面。
I like keeping [to keep] everything tidy. 我喜欢将每件东西都保持整洁。
I hate (having) to tell you, but I’ve damaged your bicycle. 很抱歉地告诉你,我把你的自行车弄坏了。
She never ceased complaining [to complain] about prices. 她没完没了地抱怨物价。
【注意】当 like, love, hate, prefer 与 would, should 连用时,其后习惯上只能接不定式,不能接动名词。
2. 有的动词既可后接不定式作宾语,也可后接动名词作宾语,两者意思不同,使用时要注意区别(这类动词往往是高考经常要考查的一类动词)。这类动词主要应注意以下几类。
(1) remember(记得),forget(忘记),regret(后悔)后接不定式指该不定式所表示的动作还未发生,后接动名词(有时可用完成式),则指该动名词所表示的动作已经发生。比较:
Remember to turn off the lights before you go to bed. 临睡前别忘了关灯。
I remember reading about the earthquake in the papers. 我记得在报纸上看到过关于这次地震的消息。
Don’t forget to turn down the gas after an hour or so. 别忘了过一小时左右把煤气关小点儿。
I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time. 我永不会忘记第一次看见长城的情景。
I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉,那个工作已经有人做了。
I regret saying what I said. I shouldn’t have said it. 我懊悔讲了我讲的话。我是不应当那样讲的。
(2) try 后接不定式表示设法做某事,接动名词表示做某事试试(看有什么效果)。如:
You shouldn’t try to leave the restaurant without paying. 你不应该试图不付账就离开饭店。
You really must try to overcome your shyness. 你确实需要努力克服你的腼腆。
(3) mean 后接不定式表示打算(想要)做某事,接动名词表示意味着(要)做某事。如:
To mean to do something and to actually do something are two different things. 打算做一件事和实际上做一件事完全是两回事。
If we mean to catch the early bus, that means getting up before five. 要想赶早班车,我们就得在5点钟以前起床。
(4) stop 后接动名词表示停止做某事,接不定式表示停下正在做的事去做另一事(注意:后接不定式时,不定式不是宾语,而是目的状语)。如:
He stopped speaking, and there was not a sound in the room. 他停止讲话,房里一点声音也没有了。
The bus stopped to take on more passengers. 公共汽车停下来让乘客上车。
(5) can’t help后接动名词表示禁不住去做某事,接不定式表示不能帮助做某事。如:
She’s a funny girl, but you can’t help liking her. 她是一个奇怪的姑娘,但你禁不住会喜欢她。
The medicine can’t help to get rid of your cold. 这药不能帮你治好感冒。
(6) go on 后接不定式表示做完某事后接着做另一事,接动名词表示继续做正在做的事。如:
The minister went on talking for two hours. 部长一连谈了两个小时。
The minister went on to talk about foreign policy. 部长接着就谈外交政策。
注:也有人认为 go on doing sth 中的 doing 是现在分词而不是动名词。
类型四:非谓语动词用作介词的宾语
在通常情况下,动词用作介词的宾语时,要用动名词形式,不能用不定式。如:
Besides doing the cooking I look after the garden. 除了做饭外,我还得管园子。
She was late because of missing the bus. 她迟到了,因为没有赶上公共汽车。
You should think twice about employing someone you’ve never met. 你要雇用素未谋面的人应三思而行。
但是,当非谓语动词位于 but, except 后作宾语时,习惯上要用不定式,并且,当其前有动词 do 时,则不定式不带 to;若其前没有动词 do,则不定式通常带 to。如:
We had no choice but to wait. 我们除了等待之外别无选择。
He never did anything but watch TV. 除了看电视,他从不干任何事。
It had no effect except to make him angry. 除惹他生气外,没产生任何效果。
I could do nothing except agree. 我除了同意,没有别的办法。
【专项训练】
1. I mustn’t annoy my boss because I can’t afford _____ my job.
A. losingB. to lose C. to have lost D. having lost
2. We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7.30, but he failed _____ .
A. to turn upB. to turn down C. turning up D. turning down
3. I wouldn’t have offered _____ the plants if I’d known there were so many.
A. to water B. watering
C. watered D. to have watered
4. Imagine _____ the answer to such an easy question!
A. not to know B. not knowing
C. to not knowD. not knew
5. They shouldn’t allow _____ here; the street is too narrow.
A. to park B. parkedC. being parked D. parking
6. She imagined _____ into the office and everyone what she thought of them.
A. walking, telling B. to walk, to tell
C. to walk, telling D. walking, to tell
7. Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested _____ at the next town.
A. to stop B. stopped
C. stopping D. having stopped
8. It annoys me when people forget _____ “thank you”.
A. sayingB. having saying
C. to sayD. to have said
9. I forgot _____ a pen. Can you lend me one?
A. bringing B. to bring
C. having broughtD. to have brought
10. If you’re writing to your mother, don’t forget _____ something about her coming to stay.
A. to put inB. putting in
C. to gave put inD. having put in
11. We regret _____ passengers that the l4.50 train for Cardiff will leave about 37 minutes late.
A. to informB. informing
C. informedD. having informed
12. She stopped _____ about her illness and went on _____ us about all her other problems.
A. talking, tellingB. to talk, to tell
C. talking, to tellD. to talk, telling
13. He began by _____ us where the island was and went on _____ us about its climate.
A. showing, telling B. to show, to tell
C. showing, to tell D. to show, telling
14. — Robert is indeed a wise man.
— Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _____ his advice!
A. to take B. takingC. not to takeD. not taking
15. — Can I smoke here?
— Sorry. We don’t allow _____ here.
A. people smoking B. people smoke
C. to smokeD. smoking
【参考答案】
1—5 BAABD6—10 ACCBA11—15 ACCDD
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英语中表示“愿望”意义的动词有wish, hope, want, desire, expect, care, long, crave, covet等。它们虽然在含义上有近似的地方,但其间的差别亦不能忽视。现将其概述如下:
1. wish 是日常用语。它主要有以下四种用法:
1)表示“想要,希望”的意思。例如:
I wish my son to learn English. 我希望我的儿子学英语。
A friend of mine wishes to secure the position. 我的一个朋友想得到这个职位。
Do you wish another helping of meat? 你想再要一份肉吗?
I wish for a knife. 我想要一把刀子。
在第一、第二和第四这三个例句中,可用want替换wish,意思相同。但wish比较正式和文雅,而want比较通俗,故在口语中通常都用want。第二个例句也可用hope表达,但不能说“*I hope my son to learn English”,应该说“I hope (that) my son will learn English”。
2)wish常常表示不太可能实现的愿望或没有根据的幻想。例如:
He wishes that one day he would be a millionaire. 他希望有朝一日成为百万富翁。(宾语从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气)
He wished, but not with hope. 他很想满足心愿,但是没有希望。
He wishes for the good things of life rather than works for them full of confidence and hope. 他只是幻想生活幸福,而不是充满信心和希望地为幸福而工作。
3)表示“祝愿”。例如:
I wish you success. 祝你成功。
I wish you many happy returns of your birthday. 祝你生日愉快。
第一个例句也可用hope表达,但应该说“I hope (that) you will succeed”,不能说“*I hope you success”。
4)表示对过去或现在的境遇与愿望相反的遗憾。此时宾语从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气。例如:
How I wish it wasn’t raining!现在要是不下雨多好啊!
I wish I were (was) as strong as you. 我真希望像你一样健壮。(或:我要是像你一样健壮多好啊!)
We wish we had paid more attention to our pronunciation. 但愿我们过去对发音注意得更多一些。(或:我们过去要是对发音注意得更多一些多好啊!)
2. hope 表示充满信心的对未来美好事物的期望。这种期望的实现,可能有充分的根据也可能不能实现。例如:
I hope that my suggestion can be of use to you. 我希望我的建议对你们能有些用处。
We hope to hear from you soon. 我们希望不久能收到你的来信。
Hope for the best and prepare for the worst. 存最好的希望,做最坏的准备。
hope表示有可能性的预想,而wish常表示不可能实现的愿望。例如“I hope it will be fine tomorrow”句中的I hope 实际和I think 没有什么区别,表示有可能实现的预想。而在“I wish it would be fine tomorrow”句中,则表示不大可能实现的愿望。此外,对好的事情的预想用hope,如:I hope the fish will live(我想这条鱼能活);对于坏的事情的预想用I fear或I am afraid(恐怕),如:I am afraid the fish will not live(恐怕这条鱼活不成)。
3. want 是最通俗的日常用语。它可以表示一般性的愿望,也可表示极强烈的欲望。desire单指欲望,而want表示因缺乏而产生愿望,意味加强。 例如:
She asked if he wanted more butter. 她问他是否再要一些黄油。
They wanted the door opened (或wanted the door to be opened/wanted to have the door opened). 他们要这门开着。
He wanted the sports car more than anything in the world. 在这个世界上他最想要的东西是这辆新的赛车。
want后接名词、代词、不定式和由不定式或分词构成的复合结构,但不能跟宾语从句。
除“想要,希望”的意思外,want还有“需要”和“缺少”的词义。例如:
The house wants repairs (或 repairing / to be repaired/to undergo repairs). 这房子需要修理。
He wants the stamina of a long-distance runner. 他缺少长跑运动员的持久力。
It wants three minutes to twelve. 还差3分钟12点。
4. desire 是“想望,期望,希望”的意思,与wish和want同义。desire比wish庄重,且意味强, 是热切期望(wish earnestly)之意;比want的用法正式,口语中不太用desire。desire后接名词、代词、不定式、that从句或带不定式的复合结构。例如:
He that desires honour is not worthy of honour. 期望得到荣誉的人不配得到荣誉。
There are many men desiring to enter the army. 有许多人希望参军。
She desires that it shall not be mentioned for the present. 她希望暂时别提这事。
They desired him to clear the place. 他们希望他离开这地方。
此外,desire还表示“要求,请求”的意思。 例如:
I am desired to inform you that there are some errors in your drawing. 你的图内有错,这是别人请我告诉你的。
5. expect 含有“预期,期望”的意思,表示预期要发生的情况,且有一定的根据,肯定的程度比hope高,后可接名词、代词、that从句、不定式或带不定式的复合结构。例如:
My sister is expecting a baby next September. 我姐姐在9月间要生孩子。
We can’t expect one to change the habit of a lifetime in a short time. 我们不能期望一个人一辈子养成的习惯短时期就能改变。
She expected any minute to hear her husband climbing the stairs, home from work. 她一直盼望听到她丈夫下班回家走上楼梯的声音。
6. care 表示“愿意,期望”的意思,后接不定式或介词for。care与wish, want同义,但常用于疑问句和否定句中。例如:
They did not care to be disturbed. 他们不愿意受到打扰。
Their propaganda was very dull, and few people cared to read their articles. 他们的宣传非常枯燥无味,很少有人愿意看他们的文章。
Would you care for a walk? 你愿意(想)去散散步吗?
7. long 是普通用语,表示“热切地想望,非常希望”, 后接不定式或介词for。例如:
I’m longing to see you. 我渴望见到你。
It has rained for four weeks in succession, so we are longing for some sunshine. 已经连续下了四个星期的雨,因此我们渴望着出太阳。
8. crave 表示“强烈的、急切的、持久的欲 望”,尤其是身体方面的欲望,后接名词或介词for。 例如:
to crave a taste of Chinese food 渴望尝尝中国菜
to crave fresh air 渴望呼吸新鲜空气
to crave for a drink 渴望喝一些
When he was young, he craved a college education. 他在年轻的时候渴望接受大学教育。
to crave another long kiss and close embrace 渴望另一次长吻和紧紧拥抱
They are craving a change of pace in their humdrum life. 他们渴望改变一下他们的单调的生活步调。
9. covet 意思是“渴望得到”,主要指想得到属于别人的东西,即“垂涎,觊觎,贪图”之意。 例如:
You shall not covet your neighbour’s house, you shall not covet your neighbour’s wife. 毋贪邻人之 屋,毋贪邻人之妻。(《圣经》)
All covet all lose. 贪多则一无所得。
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动词的语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语之间语法或语义的关系.英语的语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态.主动语态用于主动句,表示主语是动作的执行者.被动语态用于被动句,表示主语是动作的承受者.主动语态的构成方式与动词时态相同,而被动语态由 助动词be+过去分词 构成,有人称,数,时态的变化。下面读文网小编为大家带来动词的语态语法讲解及练习题,欢迎大家学习
1. If city noises ____ from increasing,people ____ shout to be heard even at dinner.
A. are not kept;will have to B. are not kept;have
C. do not keep;will have to D. do not keep;have to
2. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, are ____and perfected now.
A. developed B. have developed
C. are being developed D. will have been developed
3. --- ____ the sports meet might be put off.--- Yes,it all depends on the weather.
A. I've been told B. I've told C. I'm told D. I told
4. I need one more stamp before my collection ___.
A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed
5. Rainforests ___ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.
A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut
6. The new suspension bridge ___ by the end of last month.
A. has been designed B. had been designed
C. was designed D. would be designed
7. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ____.
A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken
8. Great changes ___ in the city, and a lot of factories ___.
A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set up
C. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up
9. That suit __ over 60 dollars.
A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost
10. - Look! Everything here is under construction.- What’s the pretty small house that __ for?
A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building
11.--- Do you like the material? --- Yes, it ___ very soft.
A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt
12. It is difficult for a foreigner ____ Chinese.
A. write B. to write C. to be written D. written
13. I have no more letters ____ ,thank you.
A. to type B. typing C. to be typed D. typed
14. Take care! Don’t drop the ink on your shirt, for it __ easily.
A. won’t wash out B. won’t be washed out C. isn’t washed out D. isn’t washing out
15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ___.
A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out
16. The computers on the table ___ Professor Smith.
A. belongs B. are belonged toC. belongs to D. belong to
17. --- What do you think of the book?---Oh, excellent. It’s worth ___ a second time.
A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read
18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ___.
A. catching B. to be caughtC. being caught D. to catch
19. This page needed ___ again.
A. being checked B. checkedC. to check D. to be checked
20. ___ many times, the boy still didn’t know how to do the exercises
A. Having taught B. Having been taughtC. taught D. Teaching
答案:
1--5 ACADC 6--10 BCBDA11--15 CBCAD 16--20 DCCDB
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在英语单词中有不少的不规则动词,它们不能简单通过加ed来获得过去式。那么你知道都有哪些不规则动词需要特别注意吗?下面读文网小编为大家带来英语常用不规则动词整理,欢迎大家学习!
beat beat beaten 打
run ran run 跑
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英语短语是学习英语的基础,想要学好英语首先就要背好英语短语。下面读文网小编为大家带来40个英语动词短语归纳,欢迎大家参考学习!
search for寻找
look into调查
in case 以防
put up张贴
look like看起来像
make up整理
match with搭配
play with 玩
listen to 听
come from来自
put on穿(衣服)
put off推迟
leave for 离开去某地
leave out 落下;忽略掉了
drop out 辍学
as if仿佛
as for至于
care about 关心
die of死于
get out滚出去
get up 起床
look up查询
instead of代替
because of 因为
lift up 举起
pay for付钱
pick up 捡起
work out解出
work as工作
ought to应该
of course当让了
after all毕竟
take up占据
take after 相像
look after照顾
break into 闯入
break up(关系)破裂
look for寻找
learn from向某人学习
work on 从事
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英语短语是学英语的基础,多记忆背诵才能学好初三英语,下面读文网小编为大家带来初三英语上册动词短语,欢迎大家学习!
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
have an accident 出事故
be mad at sb. 对某人生气 (be angry with ...)
take care of 照顾 (look after)
Be careful! 当心。(Look out!)
Come down! 下来。
fall on top of ... 落在……上面
get out of 下车
in a hurry 匆忙
stop ... from ... 阻止某人做某事
put out 扑灭
the poor 穷人
on (at) the edge of ... 在……边缘
higher and higher 越来越高
leave one alone (by oneself) 把……单独留下……
warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事
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考研英语2024备考复习技巧
考研英语分为英语一,英语二。考研英语一和英语二的题型都有英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作。以下是小编为大家收集的关于考研英语2024备考复习技巧的相关内容,供大家参考!
1、考研英语二的总考试时长是180分钟。
2、第一部分的20个选择题,可以安排20分钟。
3、第二部分的A节安排75分钟,B节安排25分钟。预计总时长是100分钟。
4、第三部分的英译汉,安排20分钟。
5、第四部分的Part A安排15分钟,Part B安排25分钟。预计总时长是40分钟。
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硕士研究生考研英语完型填空题及答案(2024)
为了让考研的同学更高效地复习考研英语,小编考研频道已经整理出了2024年考研英语完型填空试题和答案。如果你正在准备考研,不妨了解一下这些资料,希望它们能对你的备考有所帮助。
考研的考场分配根据考生的所在地以及报考学校等进行安排,在职人员考研时,考场一般都会分配在户籍所在地或工作单位所在地。
考研报考同一学校的考生理论上是分配在一个考点,甚至是同一考场的。考研报考同一学校的相同专业和不同专业是一起考试的。因为考研的考点、考场分配是实行统一管理,采取统一分配的原则,便于管理。
考研考场还有另外的分配方法,是划分考研的考场、考点时先按照各省、各市进行统一划分,然后是按照学校进行划分,再次是按照专业进行划分。
总之就是考研考场怎么分配对于考生的影响不大,考生只需要按照准考证所指示的前往指定考点进行考试即可,并且携带相关证件。
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