为您找到与英语比语文更有趣的英语相关的共200个结果:
1。抢答字母组
将全班分成两个小组,并把两套字母卡片分别发给各组学生。游戏开始,教师用中文说:"乐谱的七个调","美国","圆心和半径","中华人民共和国",持有这些字母卡片的学生应立即站起来并举起字母"ABCDEFG,"USA",o,r","PRC"等,答得既快又准的组获胜。
2。抢读字母
这是一个训练学生认读字母的游戏,教师将全班分成若干小组,然后逐个出示字母卡片,学生们举手抢答,教师让最先举手的学生读出该字母,读对的给该组记10分,最后得分最多的组为优胜。
3。看谁快
这是一个训练学生听字母的英语游戏,将全班分成两组,一组学生持大写字母,另一组学生持小写字母,教师快速念字母,要求持有该字母的学生迅速站起来,最先站起来的人得两分,后站起来的得一分,没站出来的得零分,得分多的组获胜。
4。听音辨字母
这是一个训练学生辨别字母的游戏。教师可将读音易混的字母分别写在板上,如GJOW,等,共准备2~4套,同时将学生分成2~4个小组,每组抽一名学生到前面向全班站好,教师发给每人一套卡片(2~4张为宜),游戏开始,教师念其中的一个字母,学生应立即找出并高举起该字母,先找对的得2分,后找对的得1分,没找对的不得分,最后得分多的组为优胜。
5。听音摘字母比赛
这是一个训练学生听认字母能力的游戏,教师先把所学过的大小写字母写在卡片上,按大小写把卡片分成两组贴在黑板上,然后把学生分成两组。游戏开始,每组的第一名学生上黑板前等候,教师说出一个字母,这两名学生就立即摘下教师所念的字母,放到讲台上,一人摘大写字母,另一人摘小写字母,摘得对而快的得2分,对而慢的得1分,不对的不得分,在教师念第一个字母时,各组的第二名学生应上前等候,在第一名学生摘完字母后,教师立即说另一个字母,游戏接着进行,最后得分多的组为优胜。
6。图形中找字母
教师在黑板上画一些图形,让学生找出其中所含的字母,例如:
CDIO bdpq CIDO EFHIL
7。宾狗(Bingo)
这是一个训练学生听写认读字母能力的游戏,每个学生准备一张纸,并在上面画一个井字,将纸分成九格,然后教师随便念九个学过的字母,学生边听边将字母填在格子中,随便填在哪个格里都行。学生填好后,教师再打乱顺序逐个念这九个字母,学生边听边在听到的字母上画圈,当画的圈在横行、竖行或对角线上成一条直线时,学生便可以边喊"宾狗(Bingo)"边将纸举起让教师检查,最先喊"宾狗"并写得准确的获胜。这个游戏还可以用于音标,单词或数词等。
8。传递字母
每一纵排为一组,全班分成若干组,教师分别发给每一组最后一排的学生一张纸,上面写一个字母或字母组(如:KG-PV),在教师说"开始"后,最后一排的学生即用耳语把卡片上的内容告诉前面的学生,这位学生再把听到的内容告诉前面的学生…这样依次进行下去,最后第一排的学生把所传的字母或字母组写到黑板上,传得最快,最准确的组获胜。
9。跟我走
这是一个训练学生按字母表顺序记忆字母的游戏。开始前,先把字母卡片发给学生。然后说出一个字母(如:M),持有该字母卡片的学生站出来并说:I am M Follow me ,please.持有字母N的学生应立刻站在持M卡片学生的后面,并说:I am N.Follow me. please,依次类推,对的给10分,错的不给分,这个游戏也可以倒着排次序,也可说 I am M.Who is before me?持字母L的学生应立刻站在持M卡片学生的前面。、
10。字母排次序
这是一个训练学生记忆字母顺序的游戏。教师点名,并出示一张字母卡片。被点名的学生立即读出这个字母,并说出一个包含该字母读音的单词接着由被点名学生的前一位学生说出这个字母的前一个字母,和一个含有该字母读音的单词,然后由被点名学生后面一位学生说出这个字母的下一个字母和含有该字母的单词,如:被点名学生:B-bag,前面的学生:A-apple,后面的学生:C-cat凡说错或接不上的就给该组记负分。
11。字母排顺序接力赛
把两组20个字母大小写的卡片打乱次序贴在黑板上,一边一组。然后将全班分成两组(或按男女分组),游戏开始,各组依次上来一个学生,以接力的方式,一人移动一个字母,按字母表的顺序重新排列,看哪组最快最准确。
12。快说字母对
对抗赛
将全班分成若干小组,对抗赛在两个小组中进行,在教师宣布游戏开始后,第一组的第一名学生立即说出一个字母(如C),第二组的第一名学生应立即说出下一个字母D。说错或不能迅速说出字母的记负分,最后哪组扣分最少为优胜。
13。字母排队
每人发一张字母卡片,教师说一个字母(如C),则持字母C及其后四个字母(DEFG)的学生应立即站出来按次序排好队,如班级人数较多,也可以将学生分成两组进行竞赛。
14。大写找小写
教师在黑板上贴出一组大写字母,每组找一名学生到讲台上来,教师发给他们打乱次序的小写字母卡片,在教师宣布"开始"后,他们要尽快按大写字母的次序把小写字母贴在黑板上,贴得最快最准确的组获胜。
15 。抢凳子
教师将学生分成两组,分别发给26个字母大写和小写的卡片,并在台前摆放五张凳子围成一圈,游戏开始,教师说出三个字母,同时开始播放音乐,两个组中持这三个字母卡片的六个学生应立即上前并围着凳子小跑;音乐一停就抢凳子坐好,组内三个人都抢到凳子的,给该组记10分。
16 。字母滚雪球
这是个训练学生记忆字母能力的游戏,把学生分成若干组或男女两组。游戏开始,第一位学生说一个字母(如:B)第二位学生在后任意加上一个字母(如:BE)然后依次进行(如B…BE…BEX…BEXG…BEXGL…),说错了就被淘汰,说得多而准确的小组为胜。
17。猜字母
全班分成若干组,教师给学生们出示一些字母卡片(如10个字母),让学生们认读后,教师任意抽出一张卡片放在背后,依次让各组的学生猜,猜对的组得10分,然后教师再出另一张继续让学生们猜,各组第一排的学生都猜过后,第二排的学生接着猜,最后看哪一组得分多。
18。 字母书写传递比赛
这是一个训练学生书写字母的游戏,以每一排为一组,将全班分成若干组,教师分别发给每组最后一排的学生一张纸片,上面写有一个字母,只允许这个学生看这个字母,在教师说"开始"后,最后一排的学生即用手指把纸片上的字母写在前面学生的背上…这样依次进行下去,最后第一排的学生把所传的字母写到黑板上,传得最快最准确的组获胜。
19。字母书写对抗赛
在黑板上挂一张字母表,参赛的两个组各派四人到前面,面对全班站好队,游戏开始,甲组的第一名学生转过身面向黑板,乙组的第一名学生在字母表上任意指一个字母,甲组的第一名学生看清后,便在该组第二名学生的背上用手指写这个字母,然后让第二名学生把这个字母说出来,说对的记10分,游戏继续进行,由甲组的第一名学生指字母,乙组的第一名学生书写,乙组的第二名学生猜字母,最后得分多的组获胜。
20 。找元音
教师给学生们一些既有元音字母,又有辅音字母的卡片,每个学生持一张,教师说"开始"后,持有元音字母卡片的学生应立即举着卡片,到前面来按次序站队,这游戏也可将全班学生分成两组进行竞赛,按正确次序先站好队的组获胜。
21。 找伙伴
教师发给学生们字母卡片,每个学生持一张,然后让持有含相同音素的字母的学生站在一起,如教师说音素,则持有F,M,N,S,X等字母的学生应立刻到前面站在一起。
22 。摘苹果,学音素
教师先在黑板上挂一张长满苹果的果树挂图,每个苹果上都写有一个字母,再出示几个篮子,每只篮子都贴有一个字母,如S,A(或K)E(或P),然后找几名学生上前面来,把果树上的苹果摘下来,将含有相同音素的字母放入相应的篮子里,如:将写有F,M,N,X等字母的苹果放在贴有字母S的篮子里,将写有B,C,D,V等字母的苹果放入有字母E(或P)的篮子里,最快最准确的获胜。
英语课堂单词教学游戏(33-63)
33。抢读单词
这是训练学生从认读单词能力的游戏,教师将全班分成若干小组,然后逐个出示一些单词卡片或图片,学生们举手抢答,教师让最先举手的学生读出该单词并说出其中的意思,或将图片上的单词读出来拼出来,读对说对拼对的给该组记10分,得分最多的组为优胜。
34。看图猜词
以每一纵行为一组进行竞赛,教师先出示一些单词的图片,然后收起来,再从中抽出一张放在身后,由每组的第一名学生轮流猜,可以问:“Is it a plane (bus,bike)?”回答:Yes it is.或No,It isn‘t.等。哪个组猜对了就给记10分,然后接着往下猜,第一排的学生猜过后第二排接
着猜,最后得分最多的组为优胜。做这个游戏时,还可以找一位学生来主持,由他让学生们猜。
35。看图写单词
这是让学生们复习学过单词的游戏,教师事先把需复习的20个单词用简笔画画在小黑板上或大白纸上,先不要让学生们看见,然后将全班按前后左右四人一组分成若干小组。竞赛开始,教师将小黑板或白纸挂起来,让学生们看一分钟,然后收起来,再给学生们两分钟时间将看到的单词写出来,写得最多最正确的组获胜。
36。相同词首单词拼读赛
将全班分成若干小组,教师说一个字母(如:D),第一组的第一名学生立即站起来,说出并拼出三个(也可以是五个或十个,视学生词汇量的多少而定)以字母D打头的单词,如:desk,dog,door等,念不出或念错要扣分,这位学生说完后,教师念另一个字母,由第二组的第一名学生说。这样依次进行下去,最后看哪组得人最多为胜,做这个游戏时,也可以让两组的学生轮流说字母(如由第一组的第一名学生说字母,由第二组的第一名学生答)这样就成了对抗赛,注意不要说Q,X,Z等字母。
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摘要:所谓“眼过千遍,不如手抄一遍”。这也是运用内部语言背诵的一种形式,既用脑,又动手,可加深对文章的记忆。因为文字本身就是一种图形和符号,经常默写可帮助我们促进右脑的开发。采取默写手段,可有效地巩固已经背诵了的课文和知识,而且对加深记忆大有好处。一篇文章,就这样一段一段地把它“吃掉”。最后,遵循“整体→部分→整体”的原则,按照背诵各段的方法,再把全篇串联起来,进行背诵。下面是读文网小编整理的背诵英语文章最有效的方法,以供大家学习参考。
怎样背诵英语文章最有效
背诵是最古老,也是最有效的学习方法。
背诵可以帮助你练习发音,增加词汇,提高口语表达的流利程度!
背诵可以帮助你培养语感,强化写作,全面拓展自己的知识范围!
俗话说“熟读唐诗三百首,不会作诗也会吟。”
英语作为一种交际性较强的语言学习科目,如果能达到:“不会作诗也会吟”的境界,那何愁英语学不好呢?既然“会吟”,那么,困扰中国教育学家多年的哑巴英语不就迎刃而解了吗;把“会吟”的内容记录下来,这在无形中就解决了有些学习者为之头痛的写作教学;真可谓“一举三得”。
背诵可以帮助学习者加深对课文的理解,提高阅读能力,锻炼记忆力;还可以帮助学生学习课文中用词造句、布局谋篇的方法,培养和提高作文能力。有则外国谚语则说:“能背诵多少书籍,就能获得多少知识。”可见,背诵是英语学习能力提升中一个重要的方面。
对于大多数英语学习者而言,特别是大学生和已经在备考GRE及托福的朋友们,十多年的英语功底无论学的好与坏,在大量的英语阅读和接触中,他们的脑海中已经蕴藏了大量典范的英语句子,只不过由于日常生活中实在是太少的运用这一部分,已使这一部分记忆变成惰性了。正如GRE单词,很多学习者到最后也只能达到见词生义而不能把词运用在生活中一样,为什么呢?因为这些学习者实在很难再碰到这些词汇。思维需要不断的激活,才能让这部分记忆经常的活动于大脑皮层。背诵其实就是每天不断的刺激这部分惰性思维,久而久之,当我们再写作文时,大脑皮层活跃的是你十多年积累而一直没有被应用的英语句子。所以背诵是一剂良好的催化剂,值得广大英语学习者尝试一下。
现在有很多英语学习者都通过背诵《新概念英语》课文来提高自己的英语水平:很多重点中学的教师都要求其学生能够熟练背诵或默写《新概念英语》的第二册或第三册。部分准备考研及托福考试的考生也都通过背诵《新概念英语》来提高其英语口语和写作水平。实践证明,《新概念英语》教材中短小精悍、生动有趣的课文最适合用来背诵。
背诵一篇短文,仅仅读几遍是行不通的,一定要熟读到滚瓜烂熟的程度才行。单纯地反复阅读效果并不好,学习者应该在文章还没有完全记住前积极进行尝试再现,回忆不起来时再阅读。这样容易记住,保持时间也长。特别生疏的语句,注意多尝试再现几次。因为尝试再现是一种比阅读更积极的智力活动,又是一种自我检查的过程,使人更能集中精力,掌握识记内容的重点、难点,并及时改正记忆中的错误。开始时可短一些,容易一些,然后作一定幅度的调整。
背诵过程中,如果“卡壳”,应该进行追忆。追忆是有意和间接再现的形式,它需要付出很大的意志力,克服一定的困难,多方面寻找线索,进行积极灵活的思维。因此,不能一“卡壳”就立即停止背诵。
文章通过理解消化,已纳入自己的知识系统,语句通过熟读试背,也已朗朗上口,如果再反复朗读几遍,就能流利地背诵下来。
复习背诵的时间用得越多,记住的效果就越佳。早晨背诵过的课文或知识,晚上睡前以及第二天起床后,应进行一次复背,并在每周六或周日再作适当的温习背诵,以后过一个月再复背一次。这样,可保证很长一段时期不会遗忘。这里需要提醒大家注意的是复习的时候可以把原文提炼成一个提纲,边看提纲,边复习背诵,这样记忆和熟练程度就会更加明显。下面是列提纲的一种形式,供大家参考。
原文:
One man in a boat(独坐孤舟)
Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not always worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything-not even old boots. After having spent whole morning on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. "You must give up fishing!" my friends say. "It's a waste of time." But they don't realize one important thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all.(选自《新概念英语》第二册Lesson 20)
提纲:1. Fishing - favourite sport;2. often - hours - anything;3. some - unlucky;4. Instead - fish - boots - rubbish;5. I - less;6. never - even - boots;7. whole mornings - river - home - empty;8. give up - friends - waste;9. don't realize - important thing;10. not - interested - fishing;11. only - sitting - nothing
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摘要:为什么米尔恩把维尼叫做“Pooh”而不直接叫“bear”呢?鉴于大多数儿童(和大人,就此而言)对于“Pooh”是个啥有着不同的观点,那这个名字又是如何定下来的呢?
Since A.A. Milne published the first official Winnie The Pooh story in 1926, the character has become beloved by children across many generations.
But why is Winnie called a Pooh rather than a bear? Given that most children (and grown-ups, for that matter) have a different idea of what a Pooh is, how has the name stuck?
自从艾伦·亚历山大·米尔恩1926年推出小熊维尼的故事以来,这一形象就深受几代儿童的喜爱。
那为什么米尔恩把维尼叫做“Pooh”而不直接叫“bear”呢?鉴于大多数儿童(和大人,就此而言)对于“Pooh”是个啥有着不同的观点,那这个名字又是如何定下来的呢?
The answer lies back in the 1920s.
答案还得追溯到20世纪20年代。
In fact, when first introduced by Milne, Winnie wasn’t even Winnie. Initially, he went by the name of Edward Bear, before changing to Winnie in time for that aforementioned official 1926 debut. The "Winnie" part of the name came from a visit to the London Zoo, where Milne saw a black bear who had been named after the city of Winnipeg, Canada.
实际上,米尔恩一开始介绍维尼的时候,维尼还并不叫做“维尼”。一开始,米尔恩把维尼取名叫“Edward Bear”(爱德华熊),但在之前提到的1926年首次公开亮相时临了改名为维尼。“维尼”一词的灵感来源于米尔恩去伦敦动物园的一次参观,他在那里看到一只黑熊是以加拿大一座城市“Winnipeg”(温尼伯)命名的。
As for Pooh? Well, originally Pooh was a swan, a different character entirely.
至于“Pooh”?其实,“Pooh”本是一只天鹅,完完全全相距甚远的另一角色。
In the book When We Were Very Young (the same book that introduced Edward Bear), Milne wrote a poem, telling how Christopher Robin would feed the swan in the mornings.
在《当我们小的时候》一书中(米尔恩也是在这本书中介绍了爱德华熊),米尔恩作了一首诗,介绍了克里斯托弗·罗宾在早上是怎样喂食天鹅的。
He told how Christopher Robin had given the swan the name "Pooh," explaining that “this is a very fine name for a swan, because if you call him and he doesn’t come (which is a thing swans are good at), then you can pretend that you were just saying ‘Pooh!’ to show him how little you wanted him."
他还介绍了克里斯托弗·罗宾是怎样给这只天鹅取名为“维尼”的,究其原因则是因为“这个名字再适合不过了,因为当你呼唤天鹅的时候它并不会过来(这不就是天鹅擅长做的么<高冷>),那样的话你就可以假装只是在叫“Pooh”,自己没有那么想要它过来啦(傲娇的常惯伎俩2333)”
The names "Winnie" and "Pooh" were soon brought together, and Winnie the Pooh was born. Milne still took a little time out to explain why Winnie was a Pooh, though.
之后“Winnie”和“Pooh”两个词很快就组合到一起了。虽然米尔恩还是要花些时间来解释为什么维尼是一只“Pooh”.
As he would write in the first chapter of the first Winnie the Pooh book, “But his arms were so stiff ... they stayed up straight in the air for more than a week, and whenever a fly came and settled on his nose he had to blow it off. And I think—but I am not sure—that that is why he is always called Pooh."
正如米尔恩在第一本“小熊维尼”的第一章节写到“它的手臂是如此的僵硬……他们经常一熬夜就是一个多礼拜。弄得如果一只苍蝇飞到它鼻子上的时候,维尼不得不用嘴把苍蝇吹走(发出“Pu”的声音=“Pooh”)。所以我想(虽然不是很确定)这可能就是维尼叫做“Pooh”原因了。
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摘要:每个人不会公开自己的成就和失败。别人在任何领域的成绩都只是自己的成绩。这和印度相比就不一样,在那里人们都会炫耀他们的财富,会告诉每个人自己的成就。
Q: What facts about the United States do foreigners not believe until they come to America?
问:有哪些事情是外国人没去美国之前不会相信的?
获得9.2k好评的答案@ Aniruddh Chaturvedi
Everyone is highly private about their accomplishments and failures. Someone's performance in any field is their performance alone. This is different compared to India where people flaunt their riches and share their accomplishments with everybody else.
每个人不会公开自己的成就和失败。别人在任何领域的成绩都只是自己的成绩。这和印度相比就不一样,在那里人们都会炫耀他们的财富,会告诉每个人自己的成就。
哪些事不去美国不知道
Rich people are thin/ well maintained, poor people are fat. This stems from the fact that cheap food is fatty, rich people don't eat cheap food — they tend to eat either home-cooked food which is expensive or eat at expensive / healthy places. Unfortunately, it is expensive to be healthy in America.
富人很瘦/保养很好,而穷人很胖。这个道理源于现实——因为廉价食品含油脂多,而富人不吃廉价食品——他们一般吃自己家里做的食品(这些食品很贵)或者在有高价健康食品的地方吃饭。不幸的是,在美国,健康是昂贵的。
Fat people are not respected much in society. Being fat often has the sameconnotations as being irresponsible towards your body. If you're thin (and tall, but not as much), people will respect you a lot more and treat you better. You will also receive better customer service if you're well maintained. This extends my previous point which mentioned that if you're thin, you're statistically likely to be rich. Reason why I know this is that I went down from being 210lbs to 148-150lbs. The way people started treating me when I was thin was generally way better than the way I was treated when I was fat. As a small example, the Starbucks baristas were much nicer to me and made me drinks with more care.
胖子在社会上不太受尊重,因为肥胖通常就暗示你对自己的身体不负责任。如果你很瘦(而且很高,但又不是特别瘦,特别高),人们就会更尊重你,对你更好。如果你保养得好,你就会受到更好地客户服务。这个道理就是我之前提到过的“如果你很瘦,那你一般来说就比较富裕”的延伸。我是在我从210磅减到148-150磅的时候明白这个道理的。我瘦的时候比我胖的时候受到的对待要好得多,举个简单的例子,星巴克里的咖啡员对我就比之前好得多,做饮料的时候也更用心。
Almost every single person in America has access to basic food, clothing, water and sanitation. I haven't been to states like Louisiana and cities like Detroit, but from what I can tell, nobody is scrambling for the basic necessities required for sustenance.
在美国,几乎每个人都能得到基本的食物、衣服、水和公共卫生。我还没去过路易斯安那之类的州以及底特律之类的城市,但是在我看来,没有人需要为了维持生计、为了基础的生活必需品拼死拼活。
Americans waste a lot of food. It is very easy to buy in bulk because it's so much cheaper and as a result a lot of wastage occurs.
美国人浪费了非常多的食物。因为太便宜所以大家都会大量购买,结果就是大量食物被浪费。
Obsession with coffee — Starbucks, Dunkin' etc is crowded with office-goers and students every morning. I don't understand why they can't drink or make coffee before leaving for work. Such a waste of money! ($5/day * 5days / week * 52weeks/year)!
对咖啡非常痴迷——每天早上星巴克和康恩都乐等店里都挤满了上班族和学生。我不明白他们为什么不在上班前去喝或者制作咖啡。太浪费钱了(5美元/天*5天/周*52周/年)!
Support towards the LGBT community — it's fairly normal to be part of the LGBT community; it's not considered a mortal sin if you like someone in your own gender or if you aren't comfortable being male/female/etc. Proof of this is the LGBT Pride Day held in every city.
对同性恋团体的支持——成为同性恋团体中的一员是很正常的事;如果你喜欢同性或者你觉得自己作为一个男人/女人哪里不对,都不会被认为是弥天大罪,证据就是每座城市都会举办LGBT骄傲日。
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摘要:也许你认为自己去英语国家旅游完全没问题,再仔细想想!不同的英语国家对于同一个英文单词可能有不同的理解。看看哪8个单词会令你在其他英语国家遭遇尴尬吧。
You may think it's easy to communicate when you're visiting another English-speaking country, but think again! Certain words mean something entirely different on the other side of the world. Read on to see which eight words could cause you embarrassment across the pond or down under.
也许你认为自己去英语国家旅游完全没问题,再仔细想想!不同的英语国家对于同一个英文单词可能有不同的理解。看看哪8个单词会令你在其他英语国家遭遇尴尬吧。
1PantsBe careful who you tell in the U.K. that you have to go pants shopping—across the pond, "pants" means "underwear." When you're talking about jeans and khakis, you should call them "trousers."
在英国,如果你和人家说你要去买“pants”(美式英语中意为“长裤”),那意思是你要买“内裤”。如果你要买的是牛仔裤或卡其裤,你应该用“trousers”这个词。
出国要慎用的8个英文单词
Avoid Using In: The U.K., Ireland
避免使用的国家:英国、爱尔兰
2FannyOwn a fanny pack? In most other English-speaking countries, they're called "bum bags" because "fanny" is slang for a part of the female anatomy (and no, we're not talking about the rear end). So don't tell someone to stop being lazy and get off their fanny, either!
你有“fanny pack”(美式英语中意为“腰包”)吗?在大多数英语国家,“腰包”更多地被称作“bum bags”,因为“fanny”是对女性私处的俚语说法(没错,我们说的不是臀部)。所以也千万不要对别人说:别懒了,抬起“fanny”干活吧!
Avoid Using In: The U.K., Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa
避免使用的国家:英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚、新西兰、南非
3PissedIn America, we may get "pissed off" when we're angry, but the Brits and Irish who are "pissed" are extremely intoxicated. "Taking the piss," however, means "to make fun of," not "to get drunk."
在美国,我们生气时会说“get pissed off”,但是英国人和爱尔兰人如果说“pissed”,意思是烂醉如泥。不过“taking the piss”意思是“取笑”,而不是“喝醉”。
Avoid Using In: The U.K., Ireland, Australia, New Zealand
避免使用的国家:英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚、新西兰
4BangsPrepare for weird looks if you're bragging about your new "bangs" in England. A forehead-covering haircut over there is referred to as a "fringe" instead. Overseas, "bangs" is more commonly used as the somewhat vulgar slang that it is interchangeable with in America.
如果你在英国炫耀自己的新“bangs”(刘海),恐怕不少人会向你投去怪怪的眼神。在那里“刘海”被叫做“fringe”而不是“bangs”。在美国以外的地方,“bangs”是一种粗俗的俚语说法。
Avoid Using In: Anywhere outside of North America
避免使用的国家:北美以外的任何国家
5KnobAmericans hear the word "knob" and think "doorknob" or "lever." It has a much dirtier meaning in other countries, like Australia and the U.K., where it's an insult or slang for a part of the male anatomy. Now you'll know to be offended if someone calls you a "knob head."
美国人听到“knob”这个词想到的是“门把手”。但是在澳大利亚和英国等其他国家,“knob”的意思要“黄”得多。在那里国家,“knob”指的是男子生殖器的一部分。现在你知道别人叫你“knob head” 你应该是什么反应了吧。
Avoid Using In: The U.K., Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa
避免使用的国家:英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚、新西兰、南非
6RootAmericans may "root around" looking for a lost object, but Australians and New Zealanders use the term to refer to having sex.
美国人用“root around”来指“寻找”失物,但澳大利亚人和新西兰人用这个词组指代发生性关系。
Avoid Using In: Australia, New Zealand
避免使用的国家:澳大利亚、新西兰
7PullIf someone "pulled" last night in the U.K., they're probably not talking about pulling a muscle or drawing something apart. It's commonly used as slang for successfully picking up someone while out on the town. Likewise, "going on the pull" means that someone is going out with the express goal of getting some action.
如果在英国某人昨晚“pulled”,他们很可能不是在说肌肉拉伤或是把什么东西拉开,而是指外出时成功“钓”到某人。同样,“going on the pull” 意思是某人为了猎艳而出动。
Avoid Using In: The U.K., Ireland
避免使用的国家:英国、爱尔兰
8BuggerIf you affectionately call your child or pet "little bugger," you might want to reconsider doing so in pretty much any other English-speaking country. In most other places, from Canada to Australia, it is commonly used as an expletive similar to the f-word.
在美国,如果你亲切地叫你的孩子或宠物“little bugger”(小家伙),到其他讲英语的国家可千万别这么说。在大多数其他英语国家,如加拿大和澳大利亚,“bugger”都是骂人的话,相当于“fuck”。
Avoid Using In: Most places outside of America
避免使用的国家:美国以外的其他国家
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摘要:BBC电台的哔哔声是格林尼治报时信号。每小时的最开始会响起此声,这样人们可以调对手表。
Spaghetti on trees BBC
1. In 1957, the BBC aired an April Fools segment showing a family harvesting spaghetti from the family spaghetti tree. When viewers asked how they could grow their own, they were told to place a sprig of spaghetti in a tin of tomato sauce and hope for the best.
1. 1957年,BBC在愚人节那天在电视上播放了一家人从意大利面树收获意大利面的画面。观众打进电话询问如何种植意大利面树,BBC告诉他们将一小根意大利面条种在番茄酱罐子里,然后祈祷。
2. On April Fool’s day in 1976, BBC convinced many listeners that a special alignment of the planets would temporarily decrease gravity on Earth. Phone lines were flooded with callers who claimed they felt the effects.
2. 1976年愚人节的时候,BBC报道称几个星球将短暂地排成一行从而改变地球上的重力,很多听众相信了。自认为感受到该效应的听众电话蜂拥而至。
3. Rage Against the Machine were told to censor the lyrics of Killing In The Name while performing live on BBC. They started out censored before launching into the full lyrics: “Fuck you, I won’t do what you tell me!”
3. 愤怒对抗体制乐队被要求在BBC现场演奏时删改Killing In The Name中不适合的歌词。他们唱的第一句就被删掉了:“操妈的,你的话我偏不做!”
4. On one day in 1930, the BBC went on the air and announced “there is no news” and played piano music.
4. 1930年一天,BBC开始播放的时候宣布“今天没有新闻”,然后播放了钢琴曲。
5. The BBC offers free online language courses.
5. BBC提供网上免费语言课程。
IMAGE SHOWS: THE TARDIS DOCTOR WHO SERIES 2 EMBARGO - THIS IMAGE CANNOT BE USED BEFORE BBC'S TRANSMISSION DATE WARNING
6. The BBC now owns the rights to the iconic police box.
6. BBC现在拥有这个极具象征意义的电话亭的产权。
7. In the 1960’s, Pirate Radio boats in international waters broadcasted pop and rock to tens of millions of British listeners. The BBC, which until then mostly catered to classical tastes, was forced to restructure and meet the demand for these genres.
7. 1960年代,停靠在国际海域的海盗电台向千万英国听众播放流行和摇滚音乐。BBC那时只播放经典音乐,不过因此被迫改版来迎合这些类别的需求。
8. The song “Deep in the Heart of Texas” was banned by BBC “during working hours “on the grounds that its infectious melody might cause wartime factory-hands to neglect their tools while they clapped in time with the song.”
8. BBC禁止在工作时间播放“Deep in the Heart of Texas”,理由是“这首歌动感的曲调可能会让战时的工人忘记手中的工具和着音乐拍起手来。”
9. BBC staff openly smoked marijuana at the corporation’s headquarters during the 1960s and 70s and Play School presenters even went on-air stoned.
9. BBC员工在60和70年代期间曾公开在公司总部抽大麻,Play School的表演者甚至在上台时还是嗨的。
注:Play School是英国一档儿童电视栏目。
10. Over 100 Doctor Who episodes were “taped over” by the BBC after airing and are likely lost forever, unless recorded on VHS, which was a rarer technology at that time.
10. 有一百多集神秘博士的录影带在播出后被BBC覆盖录制了其他东西,所以可能永久丢失了,除非有人录在了VHS上,但那时VHS还很罕见。
Monty Python
11. BBC was going to wipe the Monty Python series to re-use the tapes. Terry Jones, at the last minute, saved the tapes by buying them outright from the BBC and storing them in his attic.
11. BBC打算抹掉蒙提·派森系列的录影带录制其他东西。Terry Jones临危前一秒以向BBC买断的方式抢救到了录像带,并藏在了自己的阁楼里。
注:Terry Jones是蒙提·派森这个超现实幽默剧的成员之一。
12. In 2004, an activist from The Yes Men falsely claiming to represent Dow Chemicals was interviewed by BBC, claiming Dow had agreed to a $12 billion settlement for victims of the 1984 Bhopal, India chemical disaster (in which 3,000 people died). Dow lost $2 billion in the ensuing stock selloff.
12. 2004年, 没问题先生(The Yes Men)的一位成员谎称自己代表陶氏化学接受BBC的采访,声称陶氏同意了1984年印度博帕尔化学事件受害者的120亿抚慰金。Dow在随后的股票抛售中损失20亿美元。
注:The Yes Men是一个以恶搞政府组织和大型企业起家的团体。他们的用意是要曝光政府和大企业不负责任的行为,以恶作剧的方式引起大众的注意力。他们拍了三部电影,分别是The Yes Men, The Yes Men Fix The World, The Yes Men Are Revolting, 记录了他们的所作所为和一些成就,电影不凡幽默和讥讽。
13. The Sex Pistol’s “God Save the Queen”, released during her silver jubilee, was considered controversial by the BBC and its spot on the top hits charts was left as an empty space.
13. 性手枪的“天佑女王”一歌,在英国女王即位25周年之际发布,BBC认为争议太大而将该曲在流行音乐榜首的位置隐去不谈。
14. In order to capture footage of tigers hunting in the wild, instead of using a human camera crew, the BBC gave cameras to a team of elephants and trained them to operate the film equipment.
14. BBC为拍摄老虎在野外捕食的画面,不用人工摄像组,而是将摄像机按在了一队大象的身上,并训练他们使用摄影设备。
15. Due to widespread news coverage of the JFK assassination, the BBC figured a lot of people missed the airing of the first ever episode of Doctor Who. Consequently, they re-aired it one week later.
15. 因为美国肯尼迪总统被刺一事铺天盖地的报道,BBC认为很多人肯定错过了神秘博士有史以来的第一集。因此,BBC在一周后重播了一次。
16. In 2006, the BBC mistakenly interviewed a guy live on TV thinking he was an IT magazine editor, but really he was just there to apply for a job.
16. 2006年,BBC错误地采访了一位他们以为是IT杂志编辑的人,而实际上那人只是到那儿求职的。
17. Despite working for the BBC as a broadcaster and dying in 1950, there are no known recordings of George Orwell’s voice.
17. 虽然乔治·奥威尔曾为BBC做过新闻主播,在1950年去世,但是并没有留下他的任何录音。
注:乔治·奥威尔是英国著名作家,著有《动物庄园》《1984》等讽刺现实的小说,因小说中的语言在后50年不断被印证而在西方国家具有广泛的影响。
18. In the 1980s, BBC televised a live demonstration of email. Prior to transmission, a studio guest overheard a crew member saying the email account password and phoned a friendly hacker. Once on air, the presenter logged in and was met with a poem about hacking and insecure passwords.
18. 1980年代,BBC曾在电视上现场展示电邮的使用方法。在播出之前,录音棚的嘉宾偷听到工作人员说邮箱密码,他便打电话给一位不坏恶意的黑客。节目播出后,主播登录邮箱,结果看到一首关于黑客技术和密码不安全的打油诗。
19. Britons have to pay $230 for a “television license” every year as a tax to support the BBC.
19. 英国人每年必须为“电视许可”支付$230的税费以此支持BBC。
20. The BBC News channel has a show dedicated to viewers criticizing how well they have reported the week’s events.
20. BBC新闻频道专门有一档节目,为观众提供批评指正BBC报道的机会。
21. The Dalek voice in Doctor Who (2005) is recorded through a custom analog ring modulator. BBC was unable to reproduce the original effect digitally.
21. 神秘博士的外星人Dalex的声音是由一个特制的环形调控器才录制成功的,因为BBC当时还无法用数字技术做出该效果。
22. British nuclear submarines have orders to launch nuclear missiles if they cannot tune into BBC Radio 4’s ‘Today’ program for a number of consecutive days.
22. 英国核潜艇在连续几天无法收听到BBC广播四台的《今日》节目后可被允许发射核导弹。
23. Much of the BBC’s output between the 1930’s and 1980’s has been lost due to a lack of archival policy.
23. BBC在三十年代到八十年代之间的作品已大多流失,因为当时缺乏归档制度。
24. From the 30s to the end of the Cold War, MI5 had an officer working at the BBC to ensure they wouldn’t hire communists.
24. 从三十年代到冷战结束,MI5都派一个人到BBC工作以便监管他们不聘任任何共产党。
注:MI5是英国的情报机构。(这个地球人都知道吧)
25. The beeps you hear on BBC radio is the Greenwich Time Signal. It beeps at the top of the hour so you could sync your watch.
25. BBC电台的哔哔声是格林尼治报时信号。每小时的最开始会响起此声,这样人们可以调对手表。
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经典的英语故事总能够打动人心,你想阅读一些经典的英语故事吗?下面读文网小编为大家推荐几个经典的英语小故事,希望大家喜欢!
一天,父亲与小儿子一道回家。这个孩子正处于那种对什么事都很感兴趣的年龄,老是有提不完的问题。他向父亲发问道:“爸爸,‘醉’字是什么意思?” “唔,孩子,”父亲回答说,“你瞧那儿站着两个警察。如果我把他们看成了四个,那么我就算醉了。” “可是,爸爸, ”孩子说,“那儿只有一个警察呀!”
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全世界的人都知乔布斯创造了世界上最为成功的公司之一,同样为人熟知的是他喜欢咒骂员工。然而, 最新一项研究称高傲自大、坚决主张的性格帮他走向了成功。下面快来看一看为什么吧!
Researchers from Pen State’s College of Liberal Arts and Stony Brook University conducted a two part experimental study to understand why those with headstrong personalities are more successful.
来自宾夕法尼亚州立大学人文学院和纽约州立大学石溪分校的研究人员分两步做了一项实验,以了解缘何性格固执倔强的人更成功。
In the first part of the study, 200 students took a series of personality tests that measured howdisagreeable they were and their ability to come up with original ideas. Then each participant spent 10 minutes creating a unique marketing campaign for the online campus of their university. And for another 20 minutes, they broke off into groups of three to work on a joint campaign.
第一部分的研究里,200名学生参加了一些列性格测试,衡量其性格有多不讨人喜欢及其想出原创点子的能力。然后,每个参与者花10分钟时间为网上校区创设一个市场活动。另外一段20分钟的时间里,分成三人一组做合作项目。
As predicted, being a jerk isn't advantageous for coming up with useful, original ideas, but it does seem to be advantageous for getting your ideas heard, especially in an environment consisting of pushy character.The ideas that were used in the group were from individuals who were pushy about their campaigns.
和预期的一样,表现得“混蛋”些对想出有用、富有创意的点子并无裨益,但确实有助让别人听到自己的想法,尤其是在逼迫人心的大环境里。团队中所采纳的想法都来自于对项目比较心急的个体成员。
The second part of the study observed how students would do in certain group contexts. About 300 students worked alone to create a gift that would impress others visiting their campus. Next, they were told they would be video chatting with two other members of their group to share their ideas.
研究的第二部分观察到学生在特定的小组活动中的表现。约有300名学生单独作业创制一份可以打动校园来访人员的礼物。接下来,告知这些学生他们将会和小组其他两名成员视频对话来交流分享想法。
What the students didn’t know is that their online group members were actually assistants working for the researchers, who were told to give either supportive or negative feedback. This time, students were likely to only share their ideas if their ‘partners’ had smart ideas and gave negative feedback. In other words, the disagreeable individuals don't worry about the possibility that someone won't like their ideas.
学生们有所不知的是网上的小组成员实际是研究的助手,事先被告知要给出正面或是负面的反馈。这一次,只有“小伙伴”有好点子和给予负面反馈的情况,学生们才愿意把想法分享给对他们。换句话说,性格不讨喜者并不担心别人会不喜欢他们的想法。
The study suggests that individuals who are disagreeable or 'jerks' are more successful because they are better at getting their ideas heard in a group and that in supportive environments, may be useful because agreeable people will be more receptive to positive feedback.
研究显示,性格不讨喜的或者比较“混蛋”的更容易取得成功,因为他们善于在团队中让别人听取他们的想法。
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多阅读一些有趣的英语故事,能激起我们阅读英语的兴趣,从而提高英语的阅读能力,今天读文网小编在这里为大家分享一些有趣的三分钟英语故事,欢迎大家阅读!
There once was a small kingdom around a lake. One very hot summer it did not rain and the lake dried up. People grew anxious and went to the king.
从前,在一个湖附近的一个小王国,一个非常炎热的夏天也没下雨,湖水干涸。人们越来越焦急,就去见国王。
"It has not rained for so long. Our fields are barren!" said the farmers.
农民说:“很久不下雨了,我们的土地都很贫瘠了。”
"There's no fish to catch. How shall we earn a living?" asked the fisherman.
预付问:“没有鱼可捕,我们拿什么为生呢?”
"Save us from disaster, good king," urged the women and the children cried with thirst.
妇女和孩子干渴着嗓子急急地请求:“救救我们脱离灾难吧,好国王。”
The king sent his four generals to search for water in all directions. The first general went east, towards the sunrise, the second to the south, to dust and heat, the third went west, where the sun sets, and the fourth, followed the North Star.
国王派了四位将军全方位的搜索水源,第一个将军去东边,往日出的方向,第二个将军去南边,灰尘大,空气热;第三个将军去西边,日落的方向;第四位将军去北方,跟着启明星的方向。
They searched day and night, night and day, high and low, they searched everywhere, but in vain.
他们日日夜夜,从高山到低谷全搜了一个遍,但是也没找到一滴水。
Three of the generals returned, empty-handed. But the general who had gone north determined, not to fail his king, finally reached a cold mountain village.
三个将军两手空空的回去了,但是那个去北边的将军决定,绝不让国王失望,最后来到一个寒冷的山村。
As he sat at the foot of the mountain, an old woman came by and sat next to him. The general pointed at the horizon and said, "I belong to a beautiful kingdom, where it has not rained for a whole year. Can you help me find water?"
当他坐在一个山脚下,一位老妇从旁边走过,并坐到他身边。将军指向地平线说道:“我来自一个美丽的王国,奶已经一整年没下过雨了,您能帮我找到水吗?”
The woman motioned the general to follow her up the mountain and inside a cave. "We have no water in our country either," she said. Then, pointing to the icicles in the cave, she continued, "We call this ice. Take some, and your kingdom will never go thirsty again." The general broke off a huge piece, loaded it onto his horse-cart and rushed back home.
女人示意将军跟着她上山进了一个山洞。她说:“我们这里也没有水”。然后她指向山洞里的冰柱说道:“我们把这个叫冰,你带一些回去,你们的国家就不会再发生旱灾了。”将军把一块大冰击碎,放到他的马车上,冲回了家。
By the time he reached the court, the enormous icicle had melted into a small lump of ice. Nobody in the court had ever seen ice, so everybody gazed at it with wonder!
当他回宫后,那块巨大的冰已经融化成了一个小冰块,公历没人见过冰,所以每个人都惊奇的看着它。
"This must be a water-seed," one of the ministers exclaimed suddenly.
一位大臣突然叫了起来:“这一定是一颗水种子。”
The king ordered the "water-seed" to be sowed immediately. While the farmers dug a hole, the lump dwindled in the sun. They swiftly placed the seed in the hole, but, before they could cover it, it had vanished. The farmers there got confused and worried. They dug the earth deeper and deeper, into the night, looking for the mysterious seed.
国王下令立即将“水种子”播种,农民们挖了一个洞,小冰块在太阳下逐渐消失,他们迅速把种子放进动力,但是,还没来得及盖上它,它就消失了。农民又是迷惑又是担心,他们挖得越来越深,一直到晚上,还在找那颗神奇的种子。
At the break of dawn, the king found the farmers fast asleep around a hole. Curiously, he peeped in and cried out in amazement, "Wake up my worthy men, the water-seed has sprouted! There's water in the hole!"
在黎明时,国王发现农民们都在洞边睡着了,他往洞里一叹,吃惊的大叫:“快醒醒啊,水种子发芽了,洞里有水。”
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下面是读文网小编整理的英语文学论文范文,希望对大家有帮助。
Being distinguished form many greatest American writers, Hemingway is noted for his writing style. Among all his work , The Old Man and the Sea is a typical one to his unique writing style and technique. The language is simple and natural on the surface , but actually deliberate and artificial. Sometimes the simple style is made a little different. The dialogue is combined with the realistic and the artificial. The simplicity is highly suggestive , and often reflects the strong undercurrent of emotion. Occasionally , the author uses some figures of speech. Hemingway’s style is related to his experience as a journalist, his learning form many famous writers, and most importantly, his conscientious effort in looking for a style of his own, The influence of his style is great all over the world. The Old Man and the Sea is full of facts, most of which comes form Hemingway’s own experience. So the way to use facts is a very important writing technique in this novel. The fact in the novel are selected and used as a device to make the fictional world accepted. In the forepart of the novel, the are used to show the quality of Santiago’s life, and are narrated simply and naturally; while in the latter part of the novel, they are used form inside Santiago’s own consciousness and form part of a whole scheme of the novel.
Keywords: Facts; Simplicity; Artificial; Iceberg; Theory
中文摘要
在伟大的美国作家中,海明威以独特的写作风格而著称。在他所有的作品中,《老人与海》最能体现他独特的写作风格和手法。这部小说语言看似简单自然,其实包含了作者的精心揣摩和润色加工。有时为了突出某一部分,作者会采用长句代替短句。文中的对话内容真实、贴近生活,而表达形式则经过了艺术加工。小说简洁自然的语言背后隐藏了深刻的意义和感情。文中还运用了比喻、拟人等修辞手法,还名位的这种独特风格与他当过新闻记者的经历有关,这种风格对整个世界文坛产生了重要的影响。
《老人与海》这部小说运用了大量的事实,他们大多来自于作者亲身经历。海明威对这些事实精心选择,从而吸引读者的兴趣并使读者有一种身临其境的感觉。小说一开始用大量事实描写了主人公生活的环境,叙述风格简单自然,未加任何感情色彩。随着情节的发展,大量的事实主要被运用于主人公的心理活动中,而不是主要由作者来叙述。同时,这些事实构成了整个小说体系中不可缺少的一部分。
关键词:事实;简洁;加工;冰山理论#p#副标题#e#
Introduction
1. Writing characteristics of the Old Man and the Sea
1.1 Hemingway’s Writing Style and Techniques in The Old Man and the Sea
The Old Man and the Sea (1952) comes round at the finish of Hemingway’s writing career. With its vivid characterization, its simple language, and the profound implicating it carries, it stands out as one of the excellent books Hemingway’s former stature as the word’s preeminent novelist after Hemingway’s unsuccessful novel Across the River and into the trees (1950). The Old Man and the Sea earned its author the Pulitzer Prize in fiction for 1952, and was instrumental in winning him the Nobel Prize for Literature two years later. It is a short novel about Santiago, an old Cuban fisherman who has gone for 84 days without catch. Therefore the boy, Mandolin, who used to sail with him, is forced to leave him and catch in another ship. The old man insists on fishing alone and at last, he hooks an eighteen-foot, giant marlin, the largest he has ever known. But the fish is very powerful and disobedient. It tows the old man and his boat out to sea for 48 hours, with the old man bearing the whole weight of the fish through the line on his back. The old man, with little food and sleep, has to endure much pain and fights against his treacherous hand cramp. To his great excitement, on his third day at sea, he succeeds in drawing the weakened marlin to the surface and harpoons it. On his way home, he lashes marlin alongside his boat because it is too big to be pulled into the boat. But, unfortunately, the come across sharks in different numbers for four times. The old man fights to kill the sharks with as much might and many weapons as he can summon, but only to find a giant skeleton of his marlin left after his desperate defense. At last, Santiago, having lost what he fought for, reaches the shore and struggles to his shack. He falls into sound sleep, dreaming of Africa, and the lions again. His struggle wins him much respect.
Among many great American writers, Hemingway is famous for his objective and terse prose style. As the last novel Hemingway published in his life, The Old Man and the Sea typically reflects his unique writing style. This paper aims to discuss the writing style and techniques in The Old Man and the Sea. Of course, Hemingway has used many techniques in this novel, such as realism, the creation of suspense, monologue, etc. And this paper focuses especially on the language style and one of the important techniques-the way to use facts in this novel.
2.Writing of the Old Man and the Sea
2.1 Unique language style Old Man and the Sea
Hemingway is famous for his language. With much care and effort, he created a very influential and immediately recognizable style. “The style he created in his early work, such as In Our Time and The Sun also Rises, was almost too good. Like the style of certain painters, it tended to become a manner, rather than a flexible way of responding to experience and conveying fresh insights through words.” Among all his works, The Old Man and the Sea is the most typical one to his unique language style. Its language is simple and natural, and has the effect of directness, clarity and freshness. This is because Hemingway always manages to choose words “`concrete, specific, more commonly found, more Anglo-Saxon, casual and conversational.” He seldom uses adjectives and abstract nouns, and avoids complicated syntax. Hemingway’s strength lies in his short sentences and very specific details. His short sentences are powerfully loaded with the tension, which he sees in life. Where he does not use a simple and short sentence, he connects the various parts of the sentence in a straightforward and sequential way, often linked by “and”. In his task of creating real people, Hemingway uses dialogue as an effective device. It is presented in a form “as close to the dramatic as possible, with a minimum of explanatory comment.”Here is an example chosen from The Old Man and the Sea:
‘What do you have to eat?’ the boy asked.
‘No, I will eat at home. Do you want me to make the fire?’
‘No, I will make it later on. Or I may eat the rice cold.’
Here we can see that such interpolations as “he said” have frequently been omitted and the words are very colloquial. Thus the speech comes to the reader as if he were listening. Hemingway has captured the immediacy of dialogue skillfully and has made the economical speech connotative. But it is good to note that Hemingway’s style is deliberate and artificial, and is never as natural as it seems to be. The reasons are as follows. Firstly, in some specific moments, in order to stand out by contrast and to describe an important turning point or climax, the style is made a little different:
He took all his pain and what was left of his long gone pride and he put it against the fish’s agony and the fish came over on to his side and swam gently on his side, his bill almost touching the planking of the skiff, and started to pass the boat, long, deep, wide, silver and barred with purple and interminable in the water. The language in this one-sentence paragraph is different from other parts of the novel. Kenneth Graham has commented that the sentence builds up its parts in a carefully laborious sequence-“all his pain and what was left of his strength and his long gone pride”. It emulates the movement of the exhausted marlin and the physical strain of the old man. And it mounts to a heavy crescendo in the very un-prosaic inversion of adjectives-“long, deep, wide”-ending in the virtually poetic cadence, “interminable in the water.”The dialogue, too, is combined with the realistic and the artificial. Usually the content contains and the expression contains the artificial. In The Old Man and the Sea, the language style is very peculiar from Hemingway’s other writings. This is because the novel is an English version of the Spanish that Santiago and Mandolin would speak in real life. “Since we are meant to realize that Santiago and Mandolin could not possibly speak like this, since English is not his tongue anyway, we are more likely to accept other artificialities of the dialogue. Using the device of a pretended ‘translation’, which would be bound to stilt in any case, Hemingway can ‘poetize’ the dialogue as he wishes.”The speakers are distanced from readers to a certain degree. And while their language taking on a kind of epic dignity, it does not lose its convincingness. Even slightly strange exchanges like the following become fairly acceptable. For example:#p#副标题#e#
‘You’re my alarm clock’, the boy said.
‘Age is my alarm clock’, the old man said. ‘Why do old man wake so early? Is it to have one longer day?’
‘I don’t know’, the boy said. ‘All I know is that young boys sleep late and hard’.
‘I can remember it’, the old man said. ‘ I’ll waken you in time.’
The simple sentences and the repeated rhythms hit at the profundities that the surface of the language tries to ignore. Its simplicity is highly suggestive and connotative, and often reflects the strong undercurrent of emotion. Indeed, the more closely the reader watches, the less rough and simple the characters appear. In Death in the Afternoon, Hemingway uses an effective metaphor to describe his writing style: If a writer of the prose knows enough about what he is writing about, he may omit things that he knows and the reader, if the writer is writing truly enough, will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them. The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water.Among all the works of Hemingway, the saga of Santiago is thought as the most typical one to this Iceberg Theory. The author seldom expresses his own feelings directly, nor does he make any comments or explanations. On the contrary, he tries to narrate and describe things objectively and blend his own feelings harmoniously to the natural narration and description this gives readers a pictures compression, from which-the 1/8 of the iceberg above water, they can learn the implying meaning and feelings of the author- 7/8 of the iceberg under water. When Hemingway said of this story, “I tried to make a real old man, a real sea and real sharks”, he then went on to say, “But if I made them good and true enough they would mean many things.” So this novel has a great and significance conveyed by a compressed action. The core of the novel’s action is fishing. To the hero, fishing is not simply of contest in life. It contains profound philosophic meaning. In addition, two details-the baseball match and the hand wresting with the Negro, like fishing, symbolize the contention in life. They compensate and enrich the inner meaning of the main plot of fishing. So the simplicity of the novel is highly suggestive.
2.2 The Old Man and the Sea Writing Methods
Occasionally, the author uses such figures of speech as metaphor, personification, etc to describe details. Hemingway likes to us natural things to make metaphors. For example, he describes Santiago’s eyes as “the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated.”The metaphor reveals that the old man is closely linked with nature. At the beginning of the novel, a simile is used: “the sail was patched with flour sacks and, furled, it looked like the flag of permanent defeat.” Here Santiago’s eyes are contrasted with the patched sail, which symbolize defeat, as reveals Santiago’s unyielding character. So Hemingway has formed of narrative and dialogue, though natural and simple on the surface, is actually deliberated and artificial. It combines elements that are realistic with elements that are stylized and heightened. How Hemingway has formed such a writing style? The reason is related to his own experiences. “His use of short sentences and paragraphs and vigorous and positive language, and the deliberate avoidance of gorgeous adjectives are some of the traces of his early journalistic practices.” After leaving school at 17, he went to the Kansas City Star, which was one of the best newspapers in America at that time. He served as its eager and energetic reporter. As a journalist, Hemingway trained himself in the economy of expression. He once said that, during his working in Star, he had to learn to use simple sentences, which is very useful to him; and that the experience of working as a journalist would not do harm to a young writer, instead it is very helpful if he could cast it off timely. He laid stress on “speaking” with facts and objected groundless concoction in writing. His descriptions of details are full of factuality, and are as precise as news reports.
3.The import on Hemingway’s Old Man and the Sea
The influence of Hemingway’s language style is great. In the latter part of his life, Hemingway was known as “Papa Hemingway.” It refers mainly to his contribution to the development of a new writing style in America-the colloquial style. His simple word, short sentences and vividly colloquial language purity American novel. In England, which Miss Storm Jameson discussing “The Craft of the Novelist” in the January 1934 issue of The English Review, she advanced an explanation of Hemingway’s popularity:
It is this simplicity, this appeal to our crudest interests, which explains Hemingway’s success…In English at least his success has been largely with the intellectuals. Thy have praised his simplicity, his directness…When Hemingway’s death was reported on 3 July 1961, the obituary in The Tines pronounced pontifically: No history of the literature of our time will be able to ignore his achievement or his far-reaching influence…his last masterpiece, The Old Man and The Sea, he remained a solitary both in achievement and style…And Hemingway’s influence as a stylist was “neatly expressed in the praise of the Noble Prize Committee about ‘his powerful style-forming mastery of the art’ of writing modern fiction.”
Apart from the language style, which The Old Man and the Sea is famous for, the writing techniques in this novel are also worth paying close attention to. A very important one of them is the way to use facts. The main events of the story seem to be based on a real incident, which is described by Hemingway in an article about fishing in the Gulf Stream in Esquire for April 1936. So the novel of full facts, such as the habit of fish, the technique of catching marlin, the weather, the sea, and so on. But the power of the novel lies in the way to use these facts. Firstly the facts are selected. “Hemingway’s old man, boy, sea, fish, and sharks are not so much built up in our minds, detail by detail, facts by facts, as drive into our mind by the force and the sympathy with which the author himself shares in their imaginary existence.” Like any realist, he relies on selection. When the giant marlin finally surfaces, his tail “was higher than a big scythe blade and a very pale lavender above the dark blue water.” Sargasso weed is bleached and yellow by day; Tuna are silver when they jump out if the water, but blue-backed and gold-sides when swimming. Hemingway never described them with excessively, but choose some effective ones. He uses them with a sense of how colors shift and change in their relationship. Without selection, there can be no intensity, and compression.
4.The philosophical significance Old Man and The Sea
4.1The Old Man and The Sea by the message to people’s moods#p#副标题#e#
Secondly, the facts are used as a device to make the fictional word accepted. The novel is not simply a manual for us to study the technique to catch a fish or how to survive in a boat. The author tries to implicate people’s imagination in what is happening by appealing to our love of practical knowledge. This shows “the facts are fundamentally a device, a technique of reassuring our sense of everyday values.”So they can help to make us accept more readily what the author has invented and made more dramatic than in everyday life. Still take the use of color as example: The clouds over the land now rose like mountains and the coast was only a long green line with the gray-blue hills behind it. The water was a dark blue now, so dark that it was almost purple. As he looked down into it he saw the red sifting of the plankton in the dark water and the strange light the sun made now. These facts show readers the process of fishing, which mostly comes from the author’s own experience. From these facts, which are vivid, precise and terse, readers can learn a lot about how to catch a fish and can also feel as if they themselves were catching a fish. Then they will have the sense that what the author describes is real and believable. Therefore, as Kenneth Graham has said, many facts in the novel about fishing and about the sea have a double function: they satisfy people’s sense of the real word. And this is what underlies Hemingway’s famous statement that his intention was always to convey to the reader “the way it was.”
4.2The influence of the Old Man and the Sea
All in all, Hemingway’s language in The Old Man and the Sea is simple and natural on the surface, but actually deliberate and artificial. “The language is rarely emotional. Rather, it controls emotions: it holds them in.”The forming of this distinct style is related to Hemingway’s own experience. And the influence of this style is not only within America but also all over the world. The facts in the novel are selected and used as a device to make the fictional world accepted. Unlike other novelists who add allegorical meanings to their facts, Hemingway uses the facts simply and naturally, without any emotion. In the latter part of the novel, instead of being narrated by the author, the facts are used from inside Santiago’s own consciousness, and form part of a whole scheme of the novel. Besides what have been mentioned above, other techniques in The Old Man and the Sea, such as realism, monologue, the creation of suspense and so on, are also very successful. All these show Hemingway’s superb artistic attainments as a Nobel Prize winner.
Bibliography
1. Chang Yaoxin, “Chapter 14” in A Survey of American Literature. TianJin: Nankai University Press, 1987
2. Kenneth Graham, “commentary” in York Notes: The Old Man and the Sea. Beijing: world Publishing Corporation, 1991
3. Ernest Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea. Beijing: world Publishing Corporation, 1998
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下面是读文网小编整理的英语小故事带翻译,欢迎大家阅读!
Present for Girlfriend
At a jewelry store, a young man bought an expensive locket as a present for his girlfriend. "Shall I engrave her name on it?" the jeweler asked.
The customer thought for a moment, and then said, "No-engrave it ‘To my one and only love‘. That way, if we ever break up, I can use it again."
送给女友的礼物
在一家珠宝店里,一位年轻人买了一个贵重的小金盒作为送给女友的礼物。“要我把她的名字刻在上面吗?”珠宝商问道。
那名顾客想了一会儿,然后说道:“不--在上面刻‘给我唯一的爱’。这样,如果我们闹崩了,我还可以再用到它。”
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下面是读文网小编整理的有趣英语冷笑话,欢迎大家阅读!
Teacher: Here are two birds, one is a swallow, the other is sparrow. Now who can tell us which is which?
Student: I cannot point out but I know the answer.
Teacher: Please tell us.
Student: The swallow is beside the sparrow and the sparrow is beside the swallow.
老师: 这儿有两只鸟,一只是麻雀。谁能指出哪只是燕子,哪只是麻雀吗?
学生:我指不出,但我知道答案。
老师:请说说看。
学生:燕子旁边的就是麻雀,麻雀旁边的就是燕子。
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在经济中有一些特别有趣的经济术语。接下来小编为大家整理有趣的英语经济词汇,希望对你有帮助哦!
1、gold brick假金砖:毫无价值的带有欺诈特点的证券。
2、gray knight灰骑士:公司收购中并非收购对象所寻求的投机性二次投标者,只想利用收购对象和原投标者之间的问题而牟利。
3、graveyard market墓地市场:一种在其中的不能出来,而在外面的不能进去的证券市场。
4、lame duck跛脚鸭:冒险失败的投机者或股票交易中资不抵债的人。
5、long leg长脚:期权价差合同中表明购买基础证券许诺的部分。
6、bottom fisher底部钓鱼人:寻找那些价格已跌至最底点,即将发生转机的商品或股票投资者。在有些情况指购买破产或濒临破产组织的股票或债券的人们。
7、butterfly spread蝴蝶差:同时在相同或不同的市场上买或卖三种期货合同,产生利润和借贷权。
8、Chinese Wall中国墙:不可逾越的障碍物,用以阻止华尔街商行的交易区不公正地使用投资银行家们从客户那里秘密获得的信息。
9、fallen angle下坠天使:大公司的高价证券因某些不利的负面消息而使价格突然下跌。
10、golden handcuffs金手铐:将经纪人和经纪人事务所连结起来的合同;是
经纪业对经纪人从一个公司到另一个公司频繁变动的反应。一般包括将其受雇时接受的大部分报酬返还原公司的协议。
11、air pocket气囊:指一种股票的显而易见的极其虚弱性。
12、backdoor listing后门上市:一家公司因其自身未能符合交易所上市规定,便买进一个上市公司,将自身并入其中而使自己能够上市。
13、basket purchase一篮子购买:以一种价格购买一组资产。然而在记帐同时,每件物品可以单独记入,并对每件资产指定一个成本。
14、bear trap空头陷阱:当股票下跌时,引起大量抛售,然后价格又上涨。
15、bed and breakfast deals床头和早餐交易:卖空骗局,个人或公司根据事先安排的交易,先卖出股票,继而在第二天买回,以此形成一个抵消资本收益的税损。本做法仅存于英国。
16、Mother Goose鹅妈妈:募股章程简述,位于募股说明书的最前面。
17、poison pill毒丸:公司发行新认股权证或对优先股授权,使收购公司的成本极大,从而阻止不友好的收购兼并企图。
18、shark watcher鲨变监察者:专门观察和监视接管活动的公司。
19、sunrise industry朝阳工业:有很大增长潜力及出口潜力的、高风险的高科技企业。
20、sunshine trading阳光贸易:无障碍地从事大宗贸易。
21、turtle blood龟血:流动性很底,不可能很快升值的证券。
22、war babies战争宝宝:以为美国国防部制造产品为业务的公司的证券。
23、white elephant白象:需要高额成本维护而实际上无利可图的资产或损失已成定局的资产。
24、white knight白色骑士:为鼓励另一家企业进行成功的公司兼并,一个善意的第三方加入以击退另一竞买者。
25、window dressing窗口包装:为使财务报表表现出比实际情况要好而采用的一种会计方法,一般是一种舞弊。
26、yellow knight黄色骑士:一家公司企图吞并另一家公司时两家发生的兼并争执。
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从古到今,笑话是人们生活中不可缺少的“调剂品”。笑话使人们在刻板的生活中感到一丝快意和放松,在人们的日常生活中起着重要调剂作用。下面读文网小编为大家带来简单有趣英语小笑话,欢迎大家阅读!
Landon had made an unsuccessful attempt at the recitation,and the doctor,somewhat nettled,said:“Landon,you don't seem to be getting on very fast in this subject.You seem to lack ambition.Why,at your age Alexander the Great had conquered half the world.”
“Yes,” said Landon,“he couldn't help it,for you will recall the fact,doctor,that Alexander the Great had Aristotle for a teacher.”
兰登作了一次不成功的朗诵.老师有点不悦,对他说道:
“兰登,你在这门课上好像进步不大,你好像缺乏志向.亚历山大大帝在你这个年龄可已经征服了半个世界.”
“是啊,”兰登说,“他没法不那样.博士先生,您回想一下史实,亚历山大大帝有亚里士多德做他的老师.”
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从古到今,笑话是人们生活中不可缺少的“调剂品”。笑话使人们在刻板的生活中感到一丝快意和放松,在人们的日常生活中起着重要调剂作用。下面读文网小编为大家带来有趣简单英语故事,欢迎大家阅读!
There was a blonde that was so sick of blonde jokes she died her hair red. The jokes stopped and she felt so good, she took a ride in the country one Saturday afternoon. While on this ride, she noticed a flock of sheep and stopped the car to take&n......。
一个金发女郎,是那么恶心的黄色笑话她把头发染成红色。笑话停了下来,她觉得很好,她在农村的一个搭车的星期六下午。而在这旅程,她注意到一群羊,停下车来把......。
以上就是读文网小编为大家带来的有趣简单英语故事,希望大家喜欢!
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商务英语是以适应职场生活的语言要求为目的,内容涉及到商务活动的方方面面。下面读文网小编为大家带来商务英语文书写作常用结束语,欢迎大家阅读!
1. Please excuse my late reply to your very friendly letter of March 1.
2. I hope you will forgive me for not having written you for so long.
3. I hope you will excuse me for not having replied to you until today. 4. I humbly apologize you for my delay in answering to your kind letter of May 5.
5. I have to (must) apologize you for not answering your letter in time.
6. I must ask you to kindly accept our excuses, late as they are.
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商务英语是以适应职场生活的语言要求为目的,内容涉及到商务活动的方方面面。下面读文网小编为大家带来商务英语文书写作常用开头语,欢迎大家阅读!
1. I have the pleasure of stating, in answer to your inquiry of the 4th inst, that
2. In reply to your letter of the 5th of May, I have to inform you that (of)
3. I hasten to answer your inquiry of the l5th May, by stating that
4. We are in receipt of yours of the 5th June, in reply to which we are pleased to state that
5. In reply to yours of the l0th May, relative to……, I would say that
6. I am in receipt of your favour of the 7th May, and in response I inform you that (of)
7. In response to your letter of l0th May, I wish to say that
8. In answer to your favour of the 5th May regarding…… I reply as follows:
9. Answering your letter of the 8th of February re……, I would say that
10. In reply to your letter of February 8th, I inform you that (of)
11. Replying to yours of the 8th of February regarding……, I would say that
12. Replying to your favour under date of February 8th re……, I say that
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