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1抓课本、重基础、强化词句的积累英语基础知识的复习要以课本为纲,按照知识之间的内在联系,将它们进行分类整理。在这个过程中,要注意以新带旧,使初中和高中所学的知识形成系统,总结出规律性,这样才能融会贯通,也才能把知识转化为能力。
考生应以高中课本为主要教材,在老师的带领下深入挖掘教材中的语言知识,巩固语言基础,对课本中反复出现的语言知识进行科学归类和巧妙整理,找出其中的规律、抓住线索。复习知识是为了运用知识,而网络化的知识更便于运用,更有利于学科能力的培养。考生只有经过对所学的教材进行层层挖掘才有希望把知识形成网络。这对其实现知识向能力的迁移有重要的影响,有利于实际运用能力的提高,并在应考中运用自如。
考生要在老师的帮助下构建知识网络。在老师的帮助下,在认真学习和研究《考试说明》的基础上,按照知识的内在联系,将其要点进行分类整理(内容包括词汇、句型、语法、交际用语、篇章结构等方面),从而使六年所学的零散的、孤立的知识有机地结合起来,使已学知识网络化,形成一个完整的知识体系,从而摸索出带有规律性的东西。
考生在使新旧知识网络化、系统化的过程中,应力争使知识以点带线、以线带面、以新带旧、以旧促新。深入挖掘课本中的经典词句,按照考纲的要求和考题的思路设置成练习题,既巩固重点语言知识,又能不断渗透高考试题的出题思路和解题技巧。
1抓语篇学习、重阅读能力
从近几年来的高考试题来看,死记硬背,强化训练,沉湎于“题海战术”是难以出好成绩的。将中心和重心放在单项填空上是不合时宜的。因此,要根据自己的实际情况,也可请求老师的帮助,制定出切实可行的复习计划。做到按部就班,有条不紊,循序渐进。其中,语篇学习最应引起考生的足够重视。
高中课本中文章题材广、内容新颖,知识覆盖面宽。因此,考生应充分利用高三课本中的阅读材料,从文章的内容、文章的结构、作者的观点、态度及相关的背景知识巧妙设置问题,不断提高自己的阅读能力,开拓知识视野。同时,文章的新颖内容还可以提高对英语的学习兴趣。
1精选习题,有效训练
复习中,首先应按照老师的节奏、充分有效地利用好课堂时间、提高听课的效率。对平时老师布置的作业要及时、认真完成,不浮躁。
建议考生应有针对性地加强运用练习。通过结合高考考点进行针对性训练,在很短的时间内复习完所有的语言知识,提高复习效率,以便有充裕的时间进行听力、完形填空、阅读等专项能力训练和模拟训练,避免在复习课本知识和培养能力之间顾此失彼。在此基础上,通过科学系统的训练,提高英语交际能力,从而收到事半功倍的效果。
考生选择的复习资料不宜过多、要精当、系统性好一些,必须是正规出版社出版的。如果辨别能力较差,可多咨询老师,请老师帮忙把关。此外,如果考生哪方面能力相对比较弱,可以有针对性地适当补充这方面的专项练习材料,所有的东西都应该是在完成老师规定的任务之后再做的。并且,练习中要注意几种题型的搭配。
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我们从小学就开始学习英语,然而很多人却仍学不好,所以英语基础知识扎实不扎实很重要,今天读文网小编在这里为大家分享英语基础知识大全,欢迎大家阅读!
1、人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
I—me—my—mine—myself you —you—your—yourself (yourselves)
he—him—his—his—himself she—her—her—hers—herself
it—it—its—its—itself we—us—our—ours—ourselves
they—them—their—theirs—themselves
人称顺序you, he, she, I ; we, you, they
主格作主语;宾格作宾语,动词和介词之后通常作宾格;形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,通常放在名词之前;名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词,“of+名词性物主代词”表示所属关系。A friend of mine我的一位朋友; teacher of hers她的老师
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第一讲简缩形式的变法
1、简缩形式的变法:把倒数第二个字母,通常是元音字母变成' 但are除外,are要把a打成' 。Eg: he is=he'sthey are=they're
2、简缩形式和完全形式的汉语意思相同。
3、把完全形式变成简缩形式时,一定要注意第一个字母的大小变化。Eg: What is = What's
4、记住一个特殊变化;let's=let us 让我们(不要把' 变成i)
5、记住:this is 没有简缩形式this's(错误)
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1.in/on
在表示空间位置时,in表示在某个空间的范围以内,on表示在某一个物体的表面之上。
例如:There is a bird in the tree. 树上有只鸟。
There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有张图。
2. this/that/these/those
(1)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事,these是this的复数形式。that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事,those时that的复数形式。
例如:You look in this box and I’ll look in that one
over there.你看看这个盒子,我去看那边的那个盒子。
I want this car, not that car. 我想要这辆小汽车,不是那一辆。
Take these books to his room, please. 请把这些书拿到他房间去。
This is mine; that’s yours. 这个是我的,那个是你的。
These are apples; those are oranges. 这些是苹果,那些是橘子。
(2)在打电话的用语中,this常常指的是我,that常常指的是对方。例如:
This is Mary speaking. Who’s that? 我是玛丽。你是谁?
3. There be/ have
There be "有",其确切含意为"某处或某时存在某人或某物。"其结构是:There be + 某人或某物 + 表示地点或时间的状语。
There be 后面的名词实际上是主语,be 动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are。例如:
(1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可乐。
(2) There is a doll in the box. 那个盒子里有个娃娃。
(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那树上有许多苹果。
总之,There be结构强调的是一种客观存在的"有"。have表示"拥有,占有,具有",即:某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主语一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系。例如:
(4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有两个兄弟,一个姐姐。
(5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四个房间。
4. look/ see/ watch
(1)look 表示“看、瞧”,着重指认真看,强调看的动作,表示有意识地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒对方注意。,如:
Look! The children are playing computer games. 瞧!孩子们在玩电脑游戏。
Look! What’s that over there? 看!那边那个是什么?
单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,其后接介词at,才能带宾语,如:
He’s looking at me。他正在看着我。
(2)see强调“看”的结果,着重的是look这个动作的结果,意思是“看到”,see是及物动词,后面能直接跟宾语。如:
What can you see in the picture? 你能在图上看到什么?
Look at the blackboard. What did you see on it?看黑板!你看到了什么?
(3)watch“观看,注视”,侧重于场面,表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动,强调过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出”等。如:
Yesterday we watched a football match on TV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛。
5. house/ home/family
house :“房子”,指居住的建筑物; Home: “家”,指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方; Family: “家庭“,“家庭成员”。例如:Please come to my house this afternoon. 今天下午请到我家来。
He is not at home. 他不在家。My family all get up early. 我们全家都起得很早。
6. fine, nice, good, well
四者都可用作形容词表示"好"之意,但前三者既可作表语又可作定语,而后者仅用作表语。主要区别在于:
(1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的"精细",形容人时表示的是"身体健康",也 可以用来指"天气晴朗"。例如:Your parents are
very fine. 你父母身体很健康。
That's a fine machine.那是一台很好的机器It's a fine day
for a walk today.今天是散步的好时候。
(2)nice主要侧重于人或物的外表,有"美好","漂亮"的意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人。
例如:Lucy looks nice. 露西看上去很漂亮。These coats are very nice. 那些裙子很好看。
Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。It's very nice of you. 你真好。
(3)good形容人时指"品德好",形容物时指"质量好",是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语。例如:Her son is a good student. 她儿子是一个好学生。
The red car is very good. 那辆红色小汽车很好。
(4)well只可用来形容人的"身体好",但不能作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所修饰的动词之后。例如:I'm very well,
thanks. 我身体很好,谢谢。
My friends sing well. 我的朋友们歌唱得好。
7. That's right./ That‘s all right./ All right.
That’s right意为“对的”,表示赞同对方的意见、看法或行为,肯定对方的答案或判断。例如:"I think we must help the
old man.""我想我们应该帮助这位老人。"
"That's right."或 "You're right.""说得对"。
That’s all right.意为“不用谢”、“没关系”,用来回答对方的致谢或道歉。例如:
"Many thanks." "That's all right." "Sorry. It's
broken." "That's all right."
All right.意为“行了”、“可以”,表示同意对方的建议或要求。有时还可以表示“身体很好”
"Please tell me about it." "请把此事告诉我。" "All right.""好吧。"
Is your mother all right?你妈身体好吗?
8. make/do
这两个词都可以解释为“做”,但含义却不同,不能混用。make指做东西或制东西,do指做一件具体的事。Can you make a paperboat for me? 你能为我做个纸船吗?#p#副标题#e#
He’s doing his homework now.他正在做他的作业。
9. say/speak/talk/tell
say:是最口语化的最普通的一个词,意为“说出”、“说道”,着重所说的话。如:
“I want to go there by bus” , he said .
他说,“我要坐汽车到那里去。
”Please say it in English .请用英语说。
speak : “说话”,着重开口发声,不着重所说的内容,一般用作不及物动词 (即后面不能直接接宾语 ) 。如:Can you speak
about him? 你能不能说说他的情况?I don’t like to speak
like this. 我不喜欢这样说话。
speak 作及物动词解时,只能和某种语言等连用,表达在对话中恰当使用词汇的能力。
如:She speaks English well.她英语说得好。
talk : 与 speak 意义相近,也着重说话的动作,而不着重所说的话,因此,一般也只用作不及物动词, 不过,talk 暗示话是对某人说的,有较强的对话意味,着重指连续地和别人谈话。如:I
would like to talk to him about it . 我想跟他谈那件事。
Old women like to talk with children.老年妇女喜欢和孩子们交谈。
tell : “告诉”,除较少情况外,一般后面总接双宾语。如:He’s telling me a story.他在给我讲故事。
tell a lie 撒谎 tell sb. to do sth. /tell sb. not to do sth 如:.Miss Zhao often tells us to study hard.
10. do cooking/ do the cooking
do cooking 作“做饭”解,属泛指。
do the cooking 特指某一顿饭或某一家人的饭。
cooking为动名词,不能用作复数,但前面可用 some, much修饰。从do some cooking可引出许多类似的短语:do some washing 洗些衣服do some shopping 买些东西do some reading 读书
do some writing 写些东西do some fishing 钓鱼
从以上短语可引申出另一类短语,不能用some, much或定冠词。
go shopping 去买东西go fishing 去钓鱼go boating 去划船go swimming 去游泳
11. like doing sth./ like to do sth.
like doing sth. 与like to do sth. 意思相同,但用法有区别。前者强调一般性的爱好或者表示动作的习惯性和经常性;后来表示一次性和偶然性的动作。例如:
He likes playing football, but he doesn‘t like to play football with Li Ming.他喜欢踢足球,但是他不喜欢和李明踢。
12. other/ others/ the other/ another
other表其余的,别的,如:Have you any other questions?你还有其他问题吗?
others 别的人,别的东西.如:In the room some people are
American, the others are French.在屋子里一些人是美国人,其他的是法国人。
the other表另一个(二者之中)one…,the other…如:One of my two brothers studies English, the other studies
Chinese.我两个哥哥中的一个学习英文,另一个学中文。
another表三者以上的另一个,另一些如:There is room for
another few books on the shelf.书架上还可以放点书。
13. in the tree/ on the tree
in the tree 与 on the tree.译成中文均为"在树上"但英语中有区别。in the tree表示某人、某事(不属于树本身生长出的别的东西)落在树上,表示树的枝、叶、花、果等长在树上时,要使用
on the tree.如:There are some apples on the tree. 那棵树上有些苹果。There is a bird in the tree. 那棵树上有只鸟。
14. some/ any
some和 any既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词。但有以下两点需要注意。
(1)some常用于肯定句中,any常用于否定句和疑问句中。如:
There is some water in the glass.Is there any water in
the glass?There isn't any water in the glass.
(2)在说话者希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中,或在表示请求,邀请的疑问句中,我们依然用some。如:Would you like some tea?
15. tall/ high
(1)说人,动物,树木等有生命的东西,主要用tall,不用high,例如 a tall woman 一个高个子妇女a tall horse 一个高大的马
(2)说一个不与地面接触的人和物的高时,要用high,而不用tall,比如人站在桌子上时,飞机飞上天时,例如: He is high up
in the tree. 他高高地爬在树上。 The plane is so high in
the sky. 飞机在空中这么高。
(3)指建筑物、山时要tall或high都可以,不过high的程度比tall高。
(4)high可作副词,tall不能。
(5)tall的反义词为short, high的反义词为low.#p#副标题#e#
16. can/ could
(1) can表示体力和脑力方面的能力,或根据客观条件能做某种动作的"能力"。例如:
Can you ride a bike?你会骑自行车吗?What can I do for you?要帮忙吗?Can you make a cake?你会做蛋糕吗?
(2) can用在否定句和疑问句中时有时表示说话人的"怀疑""猜测"或不肯定。例如:
Where can he be?他会在什么地方呢?Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗?
It surely can't be six o'clock already?不可能已经六点钟了吧?
You can't be hungry so soon,Tom,you've just had lunch.汤姆,你不可能饿得这么快,你刚吃过午饭。
What can he mean?他会是什么意思?
在日常会话中,can可代替may表示"允许",may比较正式。例如:
You can come in any time.你随时都可以来。
--- Can I use your pen?我能用你的钢笔吗?--- Of course,you can.当然可以。
You can have my seat,I'm going now.我要走了,你坐我的座位吧。
(3) could
could 是 can的过去式,表示过去有过的能力和可能性(在否定和疑问句中)。例如:
The doctor said he could help him.(能力)医生说他能帮助他。
Lily could swim when she was four years old.(能力)当丽丽四岁的时候她就会游泳。
At that time we thought the story could be true.(可能性)那时我们以为所说的可能是真的。
could可代替can表示现在时间的动作,但语气较为婉转。例如:
Could I speak to John,please?我能和约翰说话吗?
Could you?在口语中表示请求对方做事。例如:Could you wait half an hour?请你等半个小时好吗?Could you please ring
again at six?六点钟请你再打电话好吗?
(4) can的形式
只有现在式can和过去式could两种形式。能表示一般现在和一般过去两种时态,有时也能表示将来。所有其他时态(包括将来时)须用be able to加动词不定式来表示。
例如:They have not been able to come to Beijing.他们没有能到北京来。
17. look for/ find
look for 意为“寻找”,而find意为“找到,发现”,前者强调“找”这一动作,并不注重“找”的结果,而后者则强调“找”的结果。例如:She can’t find her ruler. 她找不到她的尺子啦。
Tom is looking for his watch,but he can’t find it.汤姆正在寻找他的手表,但没能找到。
18. be sleeping/ be asleep
be sleeping 表示动作,意思是“正在睡觉”;be asleep 表示状态,意思是“睡着了”。
如:---What are the children doing in the room? 孩子们在房间里做什么?---They are sleeping.他们正在睡觉。
The children are asleep now.现在孩子们睡着了。
19. often/ usually/sometimes
often 表示"经常",sometimes表示"有时候",在表示发生频率上
often要高于usually,usually要高于sometimes。这三个词表示的是经常性,一般性的动作或情况,常与一般现在时连用,常位于主要谓语动词的前面,其他谓语动词(be动词,情态动词和助动词)的后面,有时也可位于句尾。如果要加强语气,则放在句首。
We usually play basketball after school.我们通常放学后打篮球。Sometimes I go to bed early.有时,我睡觉很早。
He often reads English in the morning.他经常在早晨读英语。
20. How much/ How many
how much常用来询问某一商品的价格,常见句式是How much is / are…?
How much is the skirt? 这条裙子多少钱?How much are the bananas? 这些香蕉多少钱?
how much后加不可数名词,表示数量,意为“多少“,how many后加可数名词的复数形式。
How much meat do you want? 你要多少肉呀?How many
students are there in your class? 你们班有多少人?
21. be good for/ be good to/ be good at
be good for 表示"对……有好处",而be bad for表示"对……有害";be good to表示"对……友好",而be bad to表示"对……不好";be good at表示"擅长,在……方面做得好",而be bad at表示"在……方面做得不好"。
如:Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.做眼保健操对你的眼睛有好处。
Eating too much is bad for you health.吃的太多对你的身体有害。
Miss Li is good to all of us.李老师对我们所有的人都很友好。
The boss is bad to his workers.这个老板对他的工人不好。
Li Lei is good at drawing, but I'm bad at it.李雷擅长画画,但是我不擅长。#p#副标题#e#
22. each/ every
each 和every都有"每一个"的意思,但含义和用法不相同。each从个体着眼,every从整体着眼。each 可用于两者或两者以上,every只用于三者或三者以上。
如:We each have a new book.我们每人各有一本新书。There
are trees on each side of the street.街的两旁有树。
He gets up early every morning.每天早晨他都起得早。
each可以用作形容词、副词和代词;every只能用作形容词。如:
Each of them has his own duty.他们各人有各人的义务。They
each want to do something different.他们每个人都想做不同的事情。
23. 一般现在时/现在进行时
一般现在时表示经常性的或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也表示说话者的能力,还有自然现象;而现在进行时表示正在进行或发生的动作(构成方式为am/is /are/+doing)。
I do my homework in the evening.我在晚上做作业。I'm doing my homework now.我现在正在做作业。
现在进行时常与now, these days, at the moment 或Look, listen等词连用;而一般现在时常与often, always, sometimes, usually, every day, in the morning, on Mondays等连用。
We often clean the classroom after school.我们经常放学后打扫教室。
Look! They are cleaning the classroom .看!他们正在打扫教室呢。
24. put on/ in
put on意为“穿上,戴上”。主要指“穿上”这一动作, 后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词。
in 是介词,表示“穿着”强调状态。在句中可以做定语、标语和状语。如:
It’s cold outside, put on your coat. 外面冷,穿上你的外衣。
He puts on his hat and goes out. 他戴上帽子,走了出去。
The woman in a white blouse is John’s mother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈。
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一、一个星期七天
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
二、一年十二个月
January February March April May June
July August September October November December
三、一年四季
1. spring 2. summer 3. autumn 4. winter
四、容易拼写错的数字
1. eighth第八 2. ninth第九 3. forty四十 4. twelfth第十二 5. twentieth第二十
四、亲属称呼
1. daughter (女儿) 2. niece (女性晚辈) 3. nephew (男性晚辈) 4. cousin (同辈兄弟姐妹) 5. aunt (女性长辈) 6. uncle (男性长辈)
五、以下动词加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母
1. regret (regretted, regretting) 后悔 2. control (controlled, controlling) 控制
3. admit (admitted, admitting) 承认 4. occur(occurred, occurring) 出现
5. prefer (preferred, preferring) 宁愿 6.refer (referred, referring) 提到
7. forget (forgetting ) 忘记 8.permit (permitted, permitting)允许
9. equip (equipped, equipping) 装备
注意:quarrel,signal, travel中的l可双写(英国英语)也可不双写(美国英语)
六、部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词
1. broadcast (broadcast, broadcast) 广播 2. flee (fled, fled) 逃跑
3. forbid (forbade, forbidden) 禁止 4.forgive (forgave, forgiven) 原谅
5. freeze (froze, frozen) 结冰
6. hang (作“绞死”讲,是规则的;作“悬挂”讲,其过去式过去分词都是hung)
7. lie –lied –lied 说谎; lie—lay---lain躺下 lay-laid- laid放置
8. seek (sought, sought) 寻求 9. shake (shook, shaken) 发抖
10. sing (sang, sung) 唱歌 11. sink (sank, sunk/sunken) 下沉
12. spread (spread, spread) 传播 13.swim (swam, swum) 游泳
14. tear (tore, torn) 撕碎 16.wear( wore; worn) 穿/戴
17.hold (held, held) 18.make (made, made)
19. keep (kept, kept)
七、意思相近的词
1. check (核对)/ examine(检查)/ test(测试)
2. receive(收到) / accept(接受)
3. destroy (毁坏;毁灭)/ damage(破坏)
4. celebrate(庆祝)/ congratulate(祝贺)
5. wear sth / dress sb 穿衣
八、注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化
1. long—length 长度 2. wide—width 宽度 3. high—height 高度
4. strong—strength力量
九、以-ic结尾的动词,应先把-ic变为-ick,再加ing或ed
1. picnic (picnicked, picnicking) 野餐
十、个别名词的复数拼写
1. German (Germans) 德国人 2. gulf (gulfs) 海湾 3. handkerchief(handkerchiefs) 手帕roof (roofs) 房顶
4. hero (英雄),potato (土豆),tomato (西红柿) 等有生命的以-o结尾的名词变复数时要加-es。
十一、注意动词变名词时的拼写变化
1. succeed—success成功 2. pronounce—pronunciation 发音
3. explain—explanation解释 4.decide—decision 决定
5. enter—entrance进入 6.permit—permission 允许
7. consider—consideration 考虑 8. expect—expectation 期待
9. discover—discovery 发现 10.bury—burial 埋葬
11. conclude—conclusion 得出结论 12. arrive—arrival 到达
13. weigh—weight 重量 14. describe—description 描述
15. lose—loss 损失 16.anxious---anxiety 焦虑
十二、注意形容词变副词时的拼写变化
1. beautiful美丽的—beautifully 2. possible可能的—possibly
3. practical实际的—practically 4. particular特别的—particularly
5. successful成功的—successfully
十三、其它必背单词
1. abroad 国外 2. absence n. 缺席 (absentadj.) 3. accept 接受)
4. accident事故 (accidental adj. 偶然的,accidentally adv. 偶然地)
5. achievement成就 (achieve v. 获得) 6. address地址 7.admire钦佩
8. admit承认 (admitted) 9.agreement 协议
10. agriculture农业 (agricultural adj. 农业的) industry 工业(industrial工业的)
11. altogether总共 12.ancient 古代的
13. announce宣告、通知 announcement ( n. 口头通知)
14. anxiety 忧虑 (anxious adj. 焦急的,anxiously adv. 焦急地)
15. apologize v. 道歉 (apology n. 道歉)
16. appear 出现(appearance 外貌 n.)disappear消失/不见
17. appreciate感激/欣赏 (感激人用thank sb;谢谢某人做的事用appreciate sth.)
18. Asian(亚洲的) 19. assistant 助手
20. astonish吃惊 (astonishment n. 吃惊,astonishing令吃惊的,astonished吃惊的)
21. astronaut 宇航员 22. atmosphere气氛
23. attempt尝试 (n / v) attempt to do sth
24. attentively 专心地 25. attention 专心 payattention to doing sth
26. attitude 态度 27. attract 吸引 (attraction吸引力)
28. average平均 / 平均的 on average 平均
30. balance平衡 keep the balance of nature保持生态平衡
31. beauty 美 (beautiful, beautifully ) beautify美化
32. believe相信 (belief n. 信念,其复数是beliefs) 33.beyond超过
34. biology生物 35. birthday生日
36. bravery 勇敢 brave勇敢的 bravely勇敢地
37.broad宽阔的 38. broadcast广播(broadcast ; broadcast;)
39. care 关心 careful 小心的 carefully小心地
40. ceiling天花板 41. cinema电影院
42. celebrate庆祝 43. celebration 庆祝n.
44. century 世纪 45. challenge 挑战 46.character 性格
47. charge收费 be charge of / take charge of 管理…
48. comfort v. & n. 安慰 comfortable 舒适的adj. comfortably adv.舒适地#p#副标题#e#
50. comment 评论 51. communicate (vt) communication(n) 交流
52. competition 竞赛 (compete v. 竞赛competitor 竞赛者)
53. composition 作文 54. concert 音乐会
55. conclude v. conclusion n. 结论 56. condition情况 (conditions条件)
57. concern 关心 (vt) 58. congratulations 祝贺 (congratulate v.)
59. constant 不断的 constantly 不断地
60. construction(建设) 61.continue继续
62. contribution 贡献 (contribute v.) makecontributions to 对…做出贡献
63. convenient (adj.) 方便的 conveniently方便地 64.conversation 谈话
65. coughing咳嗽 66. cousin表兄弟 67. cruel的 (adj. cruelly 残酷地adv.)
68. curious 好奇的 (curiosity n. 好奇) 69. culture(cultural文化的adj.)
70. customer 顾客 72. custom习俗 73. destroy毁灭 (其过去式是destroyed) 74.declare宣称 75. delicious 美味 76.damage损坏
77. determined 有决心的 be determined to do sth 决心做某事
78. develop发展 (development n. developing 发展中的,developed发达的)
79. dialogue 对话 80. diary 日记 (dairy 奶制品)
81. difference 不同点 (复数differences) different不同的 differently 不同地differ from bedifferent from make differences
82. disappointed失望的 (disappointing 让人失望的) 83.disappointment 失望
84. discovery 发现 (复数discoveries,动词discover,发现者discoverer)
85. disturb打扰 86. dollar美元 (其复数是dollars)
87. downstairs楼下 upstairs楼上
88. dream梦想 (其过去式是dreamed或dreamt)
89. electricity电 (electrical电的,electric 电的)
90. employ 雇用 (employment n. employer 雇主, employee雇员)
91. empty倒空 (可用动词,其过去式是emptied)
92. encourage鼓励 (encouraging, encouraged, encouragement n.)
encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事
93. energy能量 94.envelope 信封 95. envy n. 妒忌
96. equal(平等的) equality平等
97. equipment设备 98. especially 尤其是 99.essential(重要的)
100. European 欧洲人 101. event事件 107.expert 专家
102. excellent极好 (excellence n. excellently adv.)
104. exhibition展览 105. expense 耗费 expensive 昂贵的
106. experience 经验/经历 (experienced 有经验的)
an unusual experience一次不同寻常的经历 have much experience经验丰富
108. express (vt) 表达expression (n) 138. impress 印象 impression (n.)
109. fail v.失败 failure n.失败 fail to dosth 没做成某事
110. familiar(熟悉的) be familiar to /with
112. favorite 最喜爱的 flexible 灵活的
113. figure人物/数字 114. finger手指 115. flight飞行
116. forehead前额 117. foreign(外国的)
118. fortunate幸运的 fortunately幸运地 unfortunately不幸运地
119. forward向前 120. freezing 极冷的 (frozen 冷冻的)
121. frequently 经常地 122. furniture 家具 123.far 远的 further进一步的
124. generally 大概 generally speaking 一般来说
125. geography地理 126. Germany德国
127. government政府 128. gradual 逐渐的 gradually逐渐地
129. graduation毕业 (graduate from毕业于) 130. grammar语法
131. habit习惯 form a habit of 养成…习惯
132. handkerchief 手绢) 133. honest诚实的honesty 诚实
134. honor/honour 荣誉 135. imagination 想象力 (imagine v.)
136. immediate (立即的) immediately马上(adv)
139. incident小事件 140. including包括 (include v.)
141.independent独立的 142. industry工业 (industrial adj. 工业的)
143. information 信息 144. instrument 仪器 145.institute学院
146. inspire激励 (inspiration n. inspiring鼓舞人心的, inspired受鼓舞的)
147. interest 兴趣 interesting有兴趣的 be interestedin对…感兴趣
148. interrupt 打断 150.introduce介绍 (introduction n.)
151. regular规则的 irregular 不规则的 152. journey旅程
153. judge判断 (judgment) judging from 根据…来判断
154. kindergarten幼儿园 155. knowledge 知识 156.labor/labour劳动
157. late 迟的 late1y最近 158. laugh笑 laughter笑声
159. law法律 lawyer律师 legal合法的 illegal非法的
160. library 图书馆 librarian图书馆理员#p#副标题#e#
161. lose掉失,(lost ,lost) loss损失 n.
162. luck 幸运 lucky幸运的 luckily幸运地
163. magazine杂志 164.majority (大多数)
166. manage 设法 (manager经理, management管理) manage to do 设法做到..
167. market(市场) supermarket超市
168. marriage 结婚 (marry v. 结婚,married已婚的) get married to 与某人结婚
169. material(s)材料) 171. mayor市长
172. mean (意味、打算) meaning 意义 meaningful 有意义的
173. measure测量 take measures 采取措施
174. medal 奖章 (比较:model 模型 metal 金属)
175. memory记忆力 (memorize v. 记住,remember 记得)
176. message 口信 178. modern现代的
179. modest谦虚的 180. monitor 班长 181.moustache 胡子
182. murder谋杀 (murderer 凶手)
183. music 音乐 musical音乐的 musician 音乐家
184. mysterious 神秘的 (mystery 神秘)
185. nationality国籍 (nation 国家,national国家的)
186. nature 自然 natural自然的) 187. naughty淘气的 188.) normal 正常的
190. necessary 必要 it is necessary for sb to do sth 某人有必要做某事
191. obey (遵守) break 违反 192.obvious 明显的 obviously 明显地
193. offer主动提供) offer to do sth主动做某事
194. operate动手术 operation手术 195.opportunity 机会(=chance)
196. ordinary 普通的 197. organize/organise(组织) organization组织
198. particularly 特别是 199. passenger 旅客 200. problem难题 question问题
201. patience耐心patient耐心的;病人 (patiently耐心地)
203. perfect 完美(的) (perfectly) Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧
204. perform (表演) 205. perhaps 或许 206. period 时期
207. permit 许可 vt permission许可 n
208. persuaded(说服) 209. phenomenon 现象 phenomena 现象(复数)
210. physicist 物理学家 211. pilot (飞行员)
212. poisonous 有毒的 (poison) 213. political 政治的 (politics)
214. popular受欢迎的 215. population人口 216. position 职位
217. possibility(-ies)可能性 (possible 可能的) 218. poverty 贫穷n (poor贫穷的 ) 220. practice实践 practical (可实施的,实际的)
221. prepare(准备) preparation 222. press 压/按 pressure(压力)
223. pretend假装 pretend to do sth 假装做某事
224. professor 教授 225. profit 利润
226. progress进步 make good progress进步很大
227. pronounce发音 pronunciation (n.发音)
228. provide 提供 (比较: supply/ provide sb with sth offer sb sth提供某人某物,
229. public 公众 230. purpose目的 on purpose故意地
231. quality质量/素质 232. quantity(数量
233. realize (实现vt) reality n.现实 234. receive 收到
235. recently(最近= lately)
236. recycle( 循环再用) 237. recognize 认出
238. regards 问候 give my regards to sb请带我向某人问候
239. remind提醒 remind sb of sth 提醒某人某物
240. repeat vt.重复(repetition n.重复) 241. respect尊敬
242. restaurant 餐馆
244. satisfaction满意 (satisfy, satisfied, satisfying)
246. Saturday(星期六) 247. scientific 科学的
248. scientific科学的 249. secretary秘书
250. secretly (秘密地) 251. separately单独地 252. separate(单独的adj、分开vt)
253. serious 严重的 (seriously) 254. serve (v) –service (n)服务
255. shortcoming缺点 256. silence安静(silent安静的-silently安静地)
257. succeed (vi) 成功success (n) 成功 successful (adj) 成功的 successfully (adv)
Succeed in doing sth 成功做某事(=be successful to do sth)
258. similar 类似的 (similarity –ies相似之处) 259.situation形势/情况
260. slightly(稍微) 261.society 社会 (social adj. 社会的)
262. southern(南方的) northern北方的 western 西方的 eastern东方的
263. special特别的 264. species 物种 (单复数同形)
265. spring春天 266. square 平方#p#副标题#e#
267. steal –stole --stolen(偷) 268. straight(直的) 269. suit合适 suitable合适的
270. support支持/支撑 support the family养家糊口
271. surprise吃惊 to one’s surprise使某人吃惊的是 be surprisedat 对..感到吃惊
272. surround 包围 surrounding周围的 surroundings环境
273. swimming(游泳n.) 276. temperature温度 284.umbrella(雨伞)
274. technique 技术 (technical adj. 技术的) 275. technology技术
277. theory 理论 in theory 理论上 278.thirst 渴n thirsty口渴的adj
279. thorough 彻底的 280. total合计 281. traffic 交通traffic jam 塞车
282. translate翻译 translation 翻译 translator翻译家
283. interpret 解说, interpreter 口语翻译)
286. usual平常的 unusual不寻常的unusually不寻常地
287. unwilling 不愿意 (willing adj. 愿意 will n. 意志) be willing to do 愿意做…
290. vacation假期(=holiday ) 291. various各种各样的 (variety n. 种类)
292. victim受害者 293. victory胜利 294.vocabulary词汇 295. voyage航行
296. waste (浪费) It’s a waste to do sth 做某事时一种浪费
297. wealth财富 298. weather天气 whether是否
299. whisper 低语 300. worship崇拜
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词汇是语言学习的基本要素,它是组成句子和文章的基本单位。学习英语,必须掌握足够数量的英语词汇。英语学习的各种目的,无论是语音、语法、句型等语言 知识的学习还是:听、说、读、写等语言能力的培养,都与词汇的学习和掌握有密切的关系。如果没有足够数量的词汇积累,掌握英语语言知识,培养英语语言能力 就无法进行下去。在一定程度上来说,中学生掌握词汇量的大小和运用词汇的熟练程度是衡量其语言水平和程度的重要尺度之一。
词汇是英语学习中的重点所在,也是难点所在。新词难记、词义难学、单词难用一直是困扰中学生学习英语的难点。这主要还是因为英语和汉语两种语言之间差异太大,,尤其是英语单词拼写与读音不一致,增大了英语词汇记忆的难度。
1.全面刺激法
单词有音、形、义三个方面,学习单词也应该从单词的这三个方面去综合记忆,即准确读出单词的发音、观察该单词的拼写规律与形态特征、记忆该词的词性与词 义。三个方面的识记同时进行,就可以使发音器官熟悉单词的读音,听觉器官感知词的发音,视觉器官观察词的拼写,手写词的拼写形式,大脑积极思维记忆词的意 义。这样综合运用口、眼、耳、手、脑等器官,全面识记,就能使单词的音、形、义、用法等多方面练习与巩固,就能迅速正确、牢固地识记单词,达到快速高效地 记忆英语词汇。记忆保持率的实验表明:记忆单词,若只靠口念,过一段时间后,只能记柱10%;若只靠耳听,只能记住20%;若只靠眼看,也只能记住 30%;如果听看结合,就能保持50%;如果边听、边看、边说,同时用手写,则可保持70%以上。所以说,在记忆单词时,调动尽可能多的感官参与学习过 程,有利于记忆效率的提高。
2.归类记忆法
英语词汇的总量非常庞大,但无论是词汇的音、 形、用法,还是词与词之间都有着千丝万缕的联系。在学习单词时,要善于发现词与词之间的联系,找到这种联系的规律,把单词按一定的规律加以归类,通过已知 的旧词来学会新词,是英语单词学习中很重要的一个方法。掌握了这个方法,就能够使机械记忆转化为理解记忆,大大提高掌握生词的效率。归类时可遵循以下几个 标准:
(1)根据词义归类
具体又可以分为以下几类:
①按词义的类型来排。如按照“季节”可以把spring(春), summer(夏),autumn,(秋),winter(冬)排在一起;按照“水域”可以把brook(小溪),river(河),lake(湖), sea(海),ocean(海洋)排在一起;按照“颜色”把red(红),yellow(黄),green(绿),grey(灰),blue(蓝), black (黑),white(白)等排在一起。还可以把表示“燃料”的词排在一起:wood,coal,charcoal,kerosene,petrol, gasoline,diesel oil,petroleum,alcohol,coal gas,uranium等;
②按同义词或反义词 来排。同义词表示“大”的有:big,huge,large,great等;表示“小”的有little,small,diminutive等。反义词如 fat(胖)-thin(瘦),tall(高的)-short(矮的),young(年轻的)-old(老的),buy(买)-sell(卖),等等。
(2)按词形归类
把形近词排在一起。如bow(鞠躬、弓),COW(母牛),how(如何),now(现在),know(知道),low(低),SOW(播种)等词的词 义相去甚远,但词形相近,可以把它们排在一起。又如:ill(生病的),mill(磨房、面粉厂),bill(账单),will(将要),pill(药 丸)等也可排在一起。
(3)根据构词法归类
构词法分为派生、合成、转化、前缀、后缀、词根等方式。现略举一、二例:如派生: fortune(幸运、命运)n,fortunate adj,fortunately adv,unfortunate adj,unfortunately adv.又如中学英语课本中以un(表示否定)为前缀的词有:unfair,unfit,unknown,unable,uncomfortable, undress,unhappy;unjust,unusual,unselfish,unfortunately等。利用构词法的知识记忆单词,不仅可 以记忆成串的单词,以一带十,扩大词汇量,而且还便于辨别词性。
3.卡片记忆法
同学们也许 有这样的经历:一个词,在生词表上或在单词本上的时候,你认识它,可是,当把它单独拿出来,或在文章中遇到它时,却又不认识了。这是因为在生词表上或单词 本上记单词时,一些与单词本身无关的因素会帮助你记忆这个单词,如单词在表中的位置、它前后的单词等等,所以,有时候并不是根据单词的词形或它的读音来记 住词义的,而是根据它在表中的位置或前后单词的提示来记住该单词的词义的。这样,一旦离开了这种上下文的提示,对这个词只是感觉到“我记过”,却记不起来 它的意思了。而利用单词卡片来记忆生词则会避免这种情况的出现。用比较硬的白纸裁成小卡片,在一面写上单词的拼写和音标,在另一面写上单词的词义和词性。 单词间的顺序可以随时打乱,这样就排除了因为单词在单词表中的位置而造成的影响。同时,因为单词的词形和词义不在一起,在记忆时有利于让大脑积极地思考, 主动地掌握词义和词性。#p#副标题#e#
4.故事串记单词法:
看故事记单词是一种非常有趣,寓教于乐的方法,比如初中生可以用《奇速英语.24个故事串记1600中考单词》,高中生可以用《奇速英语.24个故事串记3500高考单词》,如果孩子基础差,可以先看中文故事,有了一定基础,再看英文故事,这样,在故事中就不知不觉巧妙记住了英语单词。5.循环复习法
记忆在英语单词的学习中具有举足轻重的作用,但有记忆 就有遗忘,掌握记忆和遗忘的规律对学习有重要意义。德国心理学家艾宾浩斯经过长期的实验研究,于1885年提出了著名的艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线。这条曲线说明: 遗忘的速度随时间的推移而减慢;新存人的信息,在最初的时候忘得多,而且忘得快。随着时间的推移,遗忘的数量减少,速度也放慢了。日本的上风光雄通过实验 创造了一条“英语单词保持曲线”,证明:英语单词一旦记住,时隔一天可以保持90%,隔三天可以保持60%,如果隔四到七天不复习,就会忘掉60- 70%,如果三周不复习,则单词就会全部忘掉。
根据单词遗忘的规律,英语单词的复习巩固要及时,时间间隔定为先短后长,并周期性地进行复习巩 固。如一节课所学过的新单词,应达到当堂巩固,能在听说读写等英语交际活动中运用;第二节课要及时复习,再次巩固,热后在三天,一周,两周,一个月……后 进行周期性的有计划的复习巩固。
记忆单词不在于一次重复多少遍,花多长时间,而在于能否抓紧时机适时巩固。那种“一曝十寒”的记忆方法不仅不能够达到“一劳永逸”,而且势必事倍功半。
6.用中学
学习词汇的目的并不仅仅在于记住单词的音、形、义、词性等方面,更重要的是在于能够在听说读写的语言交际活动中正确熟练地使用词汇。与此同时,在听说读 写中学习巩固单词能够取得更好的效果,只有把词汇融会在句子、段落、语篇中学习,才能够有利于在上下文中准确地理解词义,掌握用法,牢记生词,也有助于在 语言交际活动中学习单词,提高语言实践能力,达到学用合一。
“用中学”可以是在造句中学习、使用生词,可以在与别人的对话中进行,也可以在 写作中进行,还可以通过阅读来学习巩固。单词记忆方法五花八门,但大都使人觉得枯燥。但通过“用中学”往往会趣味盎然。如当你被一篇英文小说或故事吸引的 时候,你会一直读下去,不但能够巩固已经学会的单词,而且往往还能够通过上下文来推测新词的意思。可以说,“用中学”能够充分发挥无意识记忆的功能,使人 在不知不觉中学习和记忆。
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下面是学习英语语法的基础知识哦,来学习下吧!
英语语法基础知识入门教程
音 标
学习提示:
在我们开始学习英语语音音标之前,有一点大家要记住:不要试图用汉语普通话的近似的音去代替英语的音标。例如,有人把英语字母“n’'念成“恩”,用汉语的“e”来代替英语的[e],把字母f、m、x分别念成“爱弗”、“爱木”、“爱克斯”。这是一种很坏的习惯,它使你永远也学不到纯正的英语发音。记住,英语的音标跟汉语的音标缺乏可比性。例如,英语的单元音有十二个之多,而汉语只有六个。即使是两者相似的音,它们在发音的口型、音的长短上都有差别。
音素分类:
英语的音标共有48个,其中元音音标20个,辅音音标28个。相信大家对它们都不陌生了,在正式开始音标学习之前,让我们再来熟悉一下这48个音标。
元音
1、单元音 前元音:[i] [i:] [e] [?]
中元音:[?:] [?] [?]
后元音:[a:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:]
2、双元音 合口双元音:[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au]
集中双元音:[i?] [ε? ] [u?]
辅音
1、爆破音 [p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]
2、摩擦音 [f] [v] [θ] [e] [s] [z] [?] [?] [h] [r]
3、破擦音 [ts] [dz] [tr] [dr] [t?] [d?]
4、鼻音 [m] [n] [?]
5、半元音 [j] [w]
6、舌侧音 [l]
音标记忆法:
不要为音标的分类名称操心,你并不需要记住这些名称;也不要为音标的数目太多而发愁,照下面的两个记忆方法去做,你一定能在十分钟内将所有的英语音标记住。
一、元音分组记忆法:将元音音标分成四个大组和四个单个,帮助记忆。
1、四大组
第一组 第二组 第三组 第四组
[i] [i:] [i?] [ei] [ai]
[?] [?:] [?u] [ε?]
[u] [u:] [u?] [au]
[?] [?:] [?i]
记忆窍门:
第一组为“基本型”;第二组为基本型的“延长型”;在基本型后加长音符号;第三组为基本型的“前置型”;第四组为基本型的“后置型”。
2.四单个:一座山[?],一朵花[?],一个[e],一个[a:]
二、辅音成对记忆法:将辅音分成十对和八个单个,帮助记忆。
1.十对
爆破组 摩擦组 破擦组
[p] [b] [f] [v] [ts] [dz]
[t] [d] [θ] [e] [tr] [dr]
[k] [g] [s] [z] [t?] [d?]
[?] [?]
记忆口诀: 十对的辅音清、浊成对,每对的发音部位相同。
2.八单个:[m] [n] [?] [j] [w] [r] [l] [h]
记忆口诀:三鼻音[m] [n] [n], 两半元[w] [j] , 一个[r],一个[l],还有一个[h]。
音节
一、定义:一个元音音素(双元音为一个音素)为一个音节。
1、[ai] [n?u] [st?nd] [ti:t?] 均为单音节。
2、['mi:t?] ['reiz?] 均为双音节。
3、['s?u??list] [repri'zent?tiv]均为多音节。
二、音节的划分:
1、每两个元音之间有一个辅音,该辅音归后。如:['mi:t?] ['reiz?]
2、每两个元音之间有两个辅音,则前后各一个。如:['men??nd] ['f?ktri]
3、每两个元音之间有三个及以上的辅音,依次读出其本身的发音即可。如:
['empti]
简记为:一归后,二分手。
试读:[steid] ['a:ft?] ['men??nd] ['f?ktri] ['s?u??list] [repri'zent?tiv]
三、开、闭、r音节:
1、开音节,又分绝对开音节和相对开音节。
绝对开音节:以发音的元音字母结尾的音节。如:no,we.she。
相对开音节:以元音字母+辅音字母(r除外)+不发音的e结尾的音节。如:these,those,page,life,use。
2、闭音节:以一个或几个辅音字母(r除外)结尾,而中间只有一个元音字母的音节。如:bad,desk,sit,long。
3、,元音字母+r,即 ar er ir or ur
4、元音字母在重读开音节、重读闭音节和r读音节中的读音。
元音字母在重读音节中的读音
字母 开音节 例词 闭音节 例词 r音节 例词
A [ei] name [?] bag [a:] car
E [i:] these [e] pen [?:] her
I [ai] bike [i] his [?:] girl
O [?u] no, note [?] not [?:] for
U [ju:] student [?] bus [?:] nurse
由上表可见:元音字母在重读的开音节中就读字母本身的音。(注意:一切规律都不能包罗万象,如,不符合此规律的词有come, love 等等)
句子成分与句子
第一章 句子成分
构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。英语句子主要成分有主语、谓语、表语、宾语、状语、补足语和定语。
1、主语
主语是一个句子的主体,是句子所要说明的人或事情,表示句子描述的是“谁”“什么”。主语一般位于陈述句句首,但在there be结构中主语位于谓语后面。
能作主语的有名词类(含代词、数词);非谓语(含不定式、ing 分词)、从句。
1)名词类
Professor Smith is a famous scientist.史密斯教授是著名的科学家。
We often speak English in class.我们经常在课堂上说英语。
One-third of the students in this class are girls.这个班1/3的学生是女生。
2) 非谓语
To master a foreign language is necessary.掌握一门外语是必要的。
Smoking does harm to the health.吸烟有害健康。
3)从句
When we are going to have an English test has not been decided yet.
我们什么时候进行英语测验还没有决定。
Whether he’ll join us in the discussion is of great importance.
他是否参加我们的讨论是很重要的。
2、谓语
谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。只有动词在句中才能作谓语,一般放在主语之后。
1)简单谓语
由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:
He practices running every morning.他每天早晨练习跑步。
Yesterday afternoon he reached China.昨天下午他到达桂林。
2)复合谓语
(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成
You may keep the book for two weeks.这本书你可以借两周。
You’d better not take the magazine out of the reading-room.
你最好不要把这本杂志拿出阅览室。
He has caught a bad cold.He has to go to see a doctor.
他患了重感冒,必须去看医生。
3、表语
表语用来说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。
能作表语的有名词类(含代词、数词);形容词;非谓语动词(含分词、不定式、动名词;介词短语、副词及从句。
1)名词
He is an astronaut.他是一位宇航员。
2)形容词
The weather has turned cold.天气变冷了。
3) 非谓语动词
My job is to teach English. 我的工作是教英语。
The speech is exciting.这演讲激动人心。
His hobby is playing football.他的爱好是踢足球。
The teacher was pleased with my spoken English.老师对我的英语口语很满意。
4)介词短语
The machine must be out of order.这机器一定出毛病了。
He is against our plan.他反对我们的计划。
5)副词
Time is up.The class is over.时间到了,下课。
My father isn’t in.He is out.我父亲不在家,他出去了。
6)从句
The truth is that he has never been abroad.实际情况是他从未出过国。
What I want to know is when we’ll have the sports meet.
我想知道的是我们什么时候开运动会。
4、宾语
宾语表示及物动作的对象或承受者,用于回答谓语“谁”和“什么”,一般位于及物动词后面。但英语介词后也要求用宾语。
可充当宾语的内容和主语一样。
1)名词类
They went to see an exhibition yesterday.他们昨天去看了展览。
We should learn from him.我们应该向他学习。
2)非谓语类(不定式、ing 分词)
He pretended not to see me.他假装没有看见我。
She didn’t know what to do next.她不知道下一步做什么。
I enjoy listening to popular music.我喜欢听流行音乐。
3)从句
I think(that)he is fit for his office.我认为他称职。
He asked me whose pronunciation was the best in the class.
他问我班上谁的发音最好。
5、补语
补语用于补充说明主语或宾语。补语通常由形容词、名词或其他相当的结构担任。补语可分为宾语补足语和主语补足语。
1)宾语补足语:
The government appointed her chief delegate to the conference.
政府任命她为出席那个会议的代表团团长。(名词)
He doesn’t believe the story true.
他不相信这故事是真的。 (形容词)
The doctor advised her to stay in bed for a week.
医生建议她卧床休息一周。 (不定式)
They saw her walking into the bookstore.
他们看见她进书店了。 (分词短语)
The children saw the kite up and up.
孩子们看到风筝越飞越高。 (副词)
You should put your books in order.
你应该把书摆整齐。 (介词短语)
2)主语补足语:含宾语补足语的句子改成被动语态时,原宾语和宾语补足语便分别成为主语和主语补足语。
We found him working in the office.(在此主动句子中working是宾补)
我们发现他正在办公室工作。
He was found working in the office.(在此被动句子中working是主补)
他被发现在办公室工作。
6、定语
用来修饰、说明、限定名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
可充当定语的有形容词;非谓语类(含不定式,ing 分词和ed 分词);名词类(含代词、数词、名词所有格);介词短语、副词和从句。
单个词作定语通常位于所修饰的词之前,但短语、从句作定语时通常位于所修饰的词之后。
1)形容词
Guilin is a beautiful city.桂林是一座美丽的城市。
A bright future shines before us.光明的未来展现在我们眼前。
2) 非谓语类
The building to be built next year will be our school.
明年要建的那幢楼将是我们的学校。
China is a developing country;America is a developed country.
中国是一个发展中国家,美国是一个发达国家。
3)名词类
There are thirty women teachers in our schoo1.我们学校有30名女教师。
More than thirty students in our class have read the book.
我们班三十多个学生读过这本书。
Mary’s parents have gone abroad.玛丽的父母出国了。
4) 介词短语
He is reading an article about how to learn English.
他正在读一篇有关如何学习英语的文章。
Who is the girl in red? 穿红衣服的那个姑娘是谁?
5)副词(多位于被修饰词之后)
A noise outside made him turn around.外面的喧闹声使他转过身来。
The man in the room below is friendly.楼下房间的那人很友好。
6)从句
There is nothing that worries him.没有什么事使他烦恼。
I will remember the day when I first met her.
我将记住第一次遇见她的那一天。
7、状语
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。
可充当状语的主要有副词、介词短语、非谓语类和从句。
1)副词
Light travels most quickly.光传播得最快。
Factories and buildings are seen here and there.
到处都能见到工厂和建筑物。
2)介词短语
He has lived in the city for ten years.他在那座城市住了10年了。
In spite of the difficulties,we went on with our work.
尽管有困难,但是我们仍继续工作。
3)非谓语类
The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太重,我抬不起。
He is in the room making a model plane.他在房间里做一架飞机模型。
Not knowing what to do,he decided to ask the teacher for advice.
他不知道怎么办好,就去问老师。
Encouraged by the teacher,I made up my mind to learn English well.
在老师的鼓励下,我决心把英语学好。
4)从句
Once you begin,you must continue.一旦开始,你就得继续下去。
I must work harder in order that I may catch up with the others.
为了赶上其他人,我必须更努力学习。
状语的种类
1)时间状语
How about meeting again at six? 6:00再见面怎样?
2)原因状语
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.
由于下雨,她昨晚没有去参加舞会。
3)条件状语
I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.如果不下雨,我将到那里去。
As(So)long as you work hard,you can make rapid progress in English.
只要你努力,你就可以在英语方面取得很快的进步。
4)地点状语
Mr. Smith lives on the third floor.史密斯先生住在3楼。
Where there is water,there is life.有水的地方,就有生命。
5)方式状语
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.
她小心地把鸡蛋放在篮子里。
He has greatly improved his spoken English by this means.
他用这种方式极大地改善了他的英语口语。
6)伴随状语
She came in with a dictionary in her hand.她进来时手里拿着一本字典。
The teacher came in, followed by a group of students.
老师走了进来,后面跟着一群学生。
7)目的状语
In order to catch up with the others,I must work harder.
为了赶上其他人,我必须更努力学习。
I went there to see a friend of mine.我去那里看我的一个朋友。
8)结果状语
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.他累极了,立刻就睡着了。
We arrived there only to find an empty room.
我们到了那儿只发现了一个空房间。
9)让步状语
She works very hard though she is old.
虽然她年纪大了,但她仍然十分努力工作。
No matter when you come,you are warmly welcomed.
不管你什么时候来,都欢迎。
10)程度状语
They were greatly moved to hear the hero’s story.
听了英语的故事,他们深受感动。
I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意见。
11)比较状语
I am taller than he is.我比他高。
The more I speak English,the better I’ll be.我越多讲英语,就讲得越好。
句子成分练习
指出下列句中画线部分的词性及在句中的作用
1. Tonight we have something special for dinner.
2. a. Thank you for years of your valuable service
b. She keeps her jewels, money and other valuables in the bank
3. He is a very fine musician.
4. a. The farmer enjoys the beauty of the long stretch of his land.
b. My wool sweater stretched when I washed.
5. a. I had a sharp pain in my back.
b. The meeting starts at 3 o’clock sharp.
6. a. Sound travels at 1,000 feet per second.
b. Your idea sounds a good one.
c. Old as Mary is,she still enjoys sound health
7. a. Father booked three seats on a plane.
b. Tom bought the tickets at the booking office outside the cinema.
8. a. On his way home he bought some apples at fruit stand.
b. The injured driver can hardly stand the pain any longer
c .This book stands high in my opinion.
9. To construct a reservoir is an important government project
10. a. Lovely Christmas presents are placed on the floor around a tree.
b. When George left office, the director presented him with a silver teapot.
c. We learn from the past, experience the present, and hope for success in the future.
第二章 句子
第一节 简单句
简单句的五种基本句型
英语句子的主要特征是:是句子就必须含有主、谓。英语简单句有以下五种基本句型。
1.主语+系动词+表语(简称,主系表)
系动词+表语构成名词性合成谓语;可作表语的有名词、名词所有格、代词主格或宾格、名词性物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、形容词、副词、数词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、动名词、动词不定式和从句等。
She is a student.(名词)她是个学生。
He seems a clever boy.他似乎是个聪明的男孩。
She looks like her mother.(介词短语)她样子象她母亲。
The film is moving.(现在分词)这影片令人感动。
This shirt is not yours,but hers.(名词性物主代词)
这件衬衫不是你的,是她的。
2.主语+不及物动词(简称,主谓)
The sun rises.太阳升起来了。
He has just come.他刚来。
3.主语+及物动词+宾语(简称,主谓宾)
We love our motherland.我们热爱祖国。
she reads newspapers after supper.她晚饭后读报。
I like swimming.我喜欢游泳。
Li Ping wants to be a doctor.李平想当医生。
4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(简称,主谓双宾)
直接宾语和间接宾语又叫双宾语。直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人。二者没有逻辑的主谓关系。要求跟双宾语的动词可分为两类:
(1)give,show,send,pass,hand,lend,post,serve,read,take,write,tell,teach.return,wish,allow,offer,promise,throw等。(sth. to sb.)
I lent her a novel.= I lent a novel to her. 我借给她一本小说。
Please show her your photos.= Please show your photos to her.
请把你的照片给她看看。
(2)buy,do, make,find,build, choose,cut,draw, earn,gather,paint,pick, prepare get,order,sing,spare等。(sth. for sb.)
Her mother bought her a red skirt.
= Her mother bought a red skirt for her.
她母亲给她买了一条红裙子。
Please do me a favor.= Please do a favor for me. 请帮个忙。
5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补(简称,主谓复合宾)
有些动词带一个宾语意思不完整,还需要一个宾语补足语进一步说明,意思才完整。宾语+宾语补足语构成复合宾语。宾语和宾语补足语之间有逻辑的主谓关系。双宾语之间则没有逻辑的主谓关系。
可作宾语补足语的词类有:名词、形容词、副词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词和介词短语。
常见的要求带宾补的动词有:make,elect,choose,call,name,leave,find, keep, think, set, let,see,show,ask,tell,invite,want,wish,advise,get,force,oblige,allow,permit,like,encourage,order,expect,prefer,hate,persuade等。
Her parents named her Mary.(名词)父母给她取名玛丽。
Do you find life hard here?(形容词)你感觉这儿的生活艰苦吗?
I’m so glad I found you in.(副词)我很高兴你在家。
I strongly advised him not to do so.(不定式)我竭力劝他不要这样做。
Suddenly I felt the atmosphere grow tense.
(不带to 的不定式)我突然感到气氛紧张起来。
I noticed him leaving the house.(-ing形式)我注意到他离开房子。
I was glad to see them so well treated.
(-ed形式)看到他们受到这样好的待遇,我很高兴。
另外,有些动词要求用it作形式宾语,名词或形容词作宾补,如:make,find,feel,think.
I feel it necessary to speak about my opinion.
(形容词)我觉得有必要谈谈我的意见。
思考题
1、什么叫双宾语?
2、什么叫复合宾语?
3、双宾语和复合宾语有什么区别?举例说明。
练习题:说出系列各句分别是哪种句型;如果含有宾补,请划出作宾补的词语。
1、The old man stopped to watch the children playing.
2、She is deeply moved.
3、What I want is this.
4、She is out.
5、Her job is looking after the children.
6、I hope that you can often write me letters.
7、Allow me a few minutes to read the magazine.
8、She offered an old man her seat.
9、She wrote a letter to me.(她写了封信给我。)
10、She wrote a letter for me.(她替我写了封信。)
11、How do you find the dish?
12、Please ask them upstairs.
13、Will you allow me to take this magazine home?
14、I’ve never seen you look so well before.
15、He kept you wait a long time.
16、They invited me to attend the party.
17、They made Smith the president of the University.
18、Doctors recognize Johnson as a leading authority.
19、His teacher advised him to take up the piano.
20、He gave me the facts in brief
第二节 并列句
并列句包括两个或两个以上并列而又相互独立的简单句。其结构为“简单句+连词+简单句”或中间由“;”连接。
1、表示延续、并列关系的连词有and(同,和),so(所以,因此),for, therefore(因为,所以),not only…but(also)(不仅……而且),neither…nor(既不……也不)等。如:
We help them and they help us.
我们帮助他们,他们帮助我们。
He has been working hard, so he has made much progress recently.
他一直努力工作,所以他近来取得了很大进步。
I think,therefore I exist.
我思故我在。
She not only writes her own plays, but she also acts in them.
她不仅自己编剧本,还饰演其中的角色。
He neither speaks English, nor understands it.
他既不会讲英语,也听不懂英语。
2、表示两者之间选择其一常用的有or(或者,否则),otherwise(否则),or else(否则),either…or(不是……就是)。如:
Either he is to blame or I am.
不是他该受责,就是我该受责。
You must go to work or/or else/otherwise you’ll lose your job.
你得去上班了,要不然就要失去这份工作了。
3、表示转折关系的并列连词有but(但是),yet(然而),still(仍然),however(然而),while(而,可是另一方面),whereas(而,反过来)等。
He is well over seventy, but he doesn’t look at all old.
他七十多岁,但看上去一点儿也不老。
She trained hard all year, yet she still failed to reach her best form.
她全年艰苦训练,然而仍未达到自己的最佳状态。
I drink black coffee while he prefers it with cream
我爱喝清咖啡而他喜欢加奶油的。
第三节 复合句
复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。从句包括名词性从句(主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句)、状语从句和定语从句。 如:
What he said is true. 他所说的是真的。(主语从句)
I didn’t hear what he had said. 我没听见他说的什么。(宾语从句)
The question is who will go there. 问题是谁愿意去那里。(表语从句)
I was about to leave,when the telephone rang.
我正准备离开,电话响了。(状语从句)
This is the book that I bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的书。(定语从句)
名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句三大从句的具体用法下面我们要分别具体解释。
练习:判断下列句子是并列句还是复合句。
1. The wind blew hard; the snow fell heavily.
2. Use your head,and you’11 find the answer.
3. Do what you’ve been told,otherwise you will be punished.
4. Would you like a cup of coffee or shall we get down to business right away?
5. He is strong,while his brother is weak.
6. He got up early,(and)yet he failed to catch the early bus.
7. He knew what he wanted,however,he didn’t know how to get it.
8. Why he didn’t come wasn’t quite clear.
9. When we’ll have the sports meet hasn’t been decided yet.
10. She is weak, while his son is strong.
11. Though he is old,(yet)he works very hard.
12. I really believe(that)Tom was telling the truth.
13. I am sure that we can get there on time.
14. Do you know the man who is talking to Mr. Jack?
15. Where there is a will, there is a way.
16. Spring comes and trees turn green.
17. He doesn’t smoke,neither/nor does his brother.
18. I spoke so slowly that I could make myself understood.
第四节 名词性从句
一、 定义
首先,请同学们说出下列句各中划线词的词性及语法作用。
Mary is a teacher.
I like English.
结论:它们都是名词,在句中分别做主语、表语和宾语。即在英语中名词的主要作用是做主语、表语和宾语。
然后,我们一起分析下列各句中划线部分的语法作用。
That Mary is a teacher is known to us all.
I know that Mary is a teacher.
The fact is that Mary is a teacher.
结论:它们分别做主语、宾语和表语。均起到了一个名词的作用。再者,划线部分本身就是一个句子,故在复合句中起名词作用的从句统称名词性从句。
二、分类
请重读上述例句并依据它们在全句中的作用,说出它们具体的从句名称。
That Mary is a teacher is known to us all.
I know that Mary is a teacher.
The fact is that Mary is a teacher.
结论:在复合句中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句;
起____作用的从句称为宾语从句;
起表语作用的从句称为____从句;
名词性从句分三类:主语从句;宾语从句和表语从句。
三、连词
引导名词性从句的引导词有三类:
1. that
2. whether/if(主要用于引导主语从句和宾语从句);as if(主要用于引导表语从句)
3. who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how.
主语从句
that引导的主语从句
That he will come tomorrow is certain.
That she became monitor made us happy.
英文中有一种习惯,把that 引导的主语从句用it来代替它,即it做形式主语,把做真正主语的主语从句放在主句之后。如:
That he will come tomorrow is certain.
=It is certain that he will come tomorrow. 再例:
It is necessary that we learn English well.
It is a pity that we can’t go shopping.
It is said that he has been to England.
whether引导的主语从句
Whether she will be our teacher is not clear.
=It is not clear whether she will be our teacher.
Whether he will succeed or not doesn’t interest me.
=It doesn’t interest me whether he will succeed or not.
wh-词和how 引导的主语从句
(who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why均以wh开头,故统称wh-词)
Who will be our English teacher has not been decided.
What you have said sounds reasonable.
注意:1. that在主语从句中不起任何语法作用,但不能省略。
2. if 不能引导主语从句。
宾语从句
它可以作动词谓语的宾语,也可作非谓语动词、某些介词和某些形容词的宾语。
that引导的宾语从句
I really believe(that)Tom was telling the truth.
I am sure that we can get there on time.
由that引起的宾语从句在意思上相当于陈述句,此时that常可省去,但在以下几种情况下,that不可省。
1)that从句被短语,词组等与谓语动词分隔开时,that不可省。
They told us once again that this should never happen.
(此句中that引导的宾语从句被词组once again与主句隔开,因此that不可省。)
Everyone could see,I believe, that Mike was terrified.
(句中I believe为插入语,故that不可省)
2)当连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句时,第二个从句及以后的连接词that不可省。
She said(that)her mother had gone abroad and that she would come back in a week.
whether,if 引导的宾语从句
I don,t know if/whether he has ever been to New York.
I wonder whether he can speak German or not.
以上例句中的whether和if(是否)都是引导宾语从句的,一般情况下whether,和if可互换。但在下列情况下whether和if不可换用。
1)whether之后可紧跟or not或构成whether.. .or not结构,if后一般不能紧跟or not,但可构成if...or not结构.
I wonder whether/if Mr.Smith has arrived or not.
I wonder whether or not Mr.Smith has arrived.(不可用if代替)
2)当宾语从句是否定句时,只可用if而不可用whether。
I don’t care if she doesn’t smile.
3)当该宾语从句为介词宾语时,只可用whether而不可用if.
I’m not interested in whether you are against the proposal or not.
4)当宾语从句中出现了并列连词or构成的并列结构时,只可用whether而不可用if.
He asked me whether I was a student or a teacher.
wh-词和how 引导的宾语从句
I can’t imagine why he did that thing.
Please tell me where you went yesterday.
注意:1. 整个复合句是疑问句时,其中的宾语从句应用陈述句的语序。
2. 当主句的谓语动词是过去时态时,宾语从句的谓语应用过去相应的时态。(表示真理的和客观事实的除外)
表语从句
that引导的表语从句
The reason was that he fell ill.
My idea is that we should spend our holiday in Qingdao.
as if 引导的表语从句
The question is whether it is worth doing.
It looks as if it is going to rain.
wh-词和how 引导的表语从句
Is this where he was born?
The important thing is what on earth has happened to him.
The question is who will go there.
思考题
1.主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句为什么统称为名词性从句?
2.that 引导主语从句和宾语从句有什么异同?
3.whether 和if 在引导名词性从句时的区别是什么?
4.在宾语从句中,哪几种情况that不能省略?在语序和时态方面应注意什么?
练习:
一、找出下列各复合句中的从句并说明是什么从句,且口译全句。
1. It is a wonder that he should know so much about this matter.
2. I’m sure that you are the tallest man in the world.
3. We are afraid that the trip will be too much for an old man.
4. It doesn’t make much difference whether they come or not.
5. Whether or not he is your friend doesn’t too much.
6. Where she has gone is not known yet.
7. You may take whatever you like.
8. He told me where he had been.
9. I know when we will take off for London.
10. How he became a three-good student is known to us a11.
11. Why he didn’t come wasn’t quite clear.
12. It happened that they went out when I called.
13. When we’11 have the sports meet hasn’t been decided yet.
14. Whom the teacher will praise in class is an important question.
15. I’m sorry that I didn’t recognize you just now.
16. We are glad that none of you failed in this exam.
17. He said that he would call on his old teacher.
18. I heard that some of the old teachers in our school had retired.
19. I want to know what has happened to her.
20. Whose answer is correct will be discussed at the meeting.
21. Which composition is the best will be decided tomorrow.
22. I was surprised at what you said.
23. Did he say anything about how the work was to be done?
24. The question is whether it worth doing.
25. The reason is that he fell ill.
二、单项选择
1.Can you tell me_____?
A. who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is who
C. who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentleman
2.Can you tell me _____ the railway station?
A, how I can get to B. how can I get to
C. where I can get to D.where can I get to
3.Ask her _____ come with me.
A. if she will B.if will she
C.whether will she D.will she
4. I have no idea _____ far the airport is from here.
A.what B. how C.it’s D.that
5.They have no idea at all ______ .
A. where he has gone B.where did he go
C. which place has he gone D.where has he gone
6._____ he said is true.
A. What B.That C.Which D.Whether
7._____ you have done might do harm to other people.
A.That B. What C.Which D.This
8.They want to know _____ do to help us.
A. what can they B. what they can
C. how they can D.how can they
9. These photographs will show you ______.
A.what does our village look like B. what our village looks like
C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like
10. _____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone B.The person C. Whoever D.Who
11. _____ we need more practice is quite clear.
A.When B.What C. That D./
l2. _____ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business
A.If B. Whether C. Even if D.No matter when
13._____ he is doing seems quite difficult.
A.How B.That C.Which D. What
14. ______ that there is another good harvest this year.
A.It says B. It is said C.I was said D.He was said
15. It is suggested that a new building_____.
A. be built at once B. should build next year
C.would be built at once D. could be built next year
16.It is suggested that the experiment _____ under low temperature.
A.makes B.is making C. should be made D.will be made
17._____ was quite helpful.
A. What they advised me to do B.That they advised me to do
C. What did they advise me to do D.All what they advised me to do
18._____ still needs to be discussed.
A. How is the plan to be carried out B. How the plan is to be carried out
C. Why is the plan carried out D. Why the plan is carried out
19.The question is _____ we’11 overcome all the difficulties.
A.what B. how C.that D.which
20.Shanghai is no longer the same city _____ .
A. as it used to be B.what it used to be
C. as it is used to being D.that it used to be
21.Is it possible _____ he misunderstood _____ I said?
A.that, that B. what, what
C.what, that D. that, what
22.He thought _____ he might fail in the exam worried him.
A.which B. that C.when D.so that
23.The fact is ____ he is an advanced worker.
A.what B.which C. that D.why
24.I have no idea _____.
A. what does the word“infinity”mean
B. what the word“infinity”means
C. what the meaning of word the“infinity”
D. what the word“infinity”mean
25.I wonder _____ he asked such a silly question in public.
A.how B.what C.that D. why
26.Are you sure _____?
A. whether she is honest B.that she is honesty
C. she is honest D.is she honest
27.He _____ you are not going abroad.
A.surprised that B. is surprised that
C.surprised at D. is surprised whether
28. What I said was wrong in the last letter for you.I wish I ______ it back.
A. could take B. would take C.will take D.take
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中国农业银行是中国大型上市银行,中国五大银行之一,其总行设在北京。那么你知道中国农业银行用英语怎么说吗?下面和读文网小编一起来学习一下中国农业银行的英语知识吧。
中国农业银行账号
Agricultural Bank of China account
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英语写作对于提高我们的英语能力十分重要,那么你想知道a picnic这篇的英语作文要怎么写吗?下面读文网小编为大家带来a picnic英语作文范文,欢迎大家学习!
It was a sunny day.We decided to have a picnic outside the city.In the morning,we took an early bus to Nanhui.It was quite a colorful world.There were green trees,orange leaves,red peach blossoms.At noon,we reached the place,we sat by the river bank and took out a lot of things,such as bread,orange juice,apples,cakes,eggs and so on.But all of a sudden,it began to rain.Unluckily there was no shelter nearby.We had to take a bus to go back home in a hurry.
What an unforgettable picnic it was!
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饮食健康很重要,那么以a healthy diet为题的英语作文到底要怎么写呢?下面读文网小编为大家整理a healthy diet英语作文篇篇范文,希望对你有所帮助!
Last night, I ate a lot of food, such as KTC and ice cream, before I slept, I ate some cold food in the fridge. At midnight, I felt my stomach hurt badly, my family was woke up, they sent me to the hospital. After seeing the doctor, he told me that I had eaten too much food, what’s more, the food was not healthy, so it hurt my stomach. Since then, I realized that I should not eat the rubbish food often, I should keep the healthy diet. Now my diet is regular, I won’t take in much food before sleeping, my body is becoming healthy. In the morning, I eat an egg and make sure I take in enough vitamins. Even when I see the rubbish food is tempting, I take no hesitation to say no to them. I am so proud of myself.
昨晚,我吃了很多事物,比如肯德基和冰淇淋,在睡觉前,我吃了一些在冰箱里面的冷食物。半夜里,我觉得胃疼得厉害,我的家人被吵醒了,他们把我送到了医院。看过了医生以后,医生告诉我吃了太多的东西,而且,吃的都是不健康的食物,因此我的胃才会那么疼。打从那时起,我意识到自己不能经常吃垃圾食品,我应该保持健康的饮食。现在我的饮食很健康,我不会在睡觉前吃很多东西,我的身体变得健康。早上,我吃了一个鸡蛋,确保我吸收足够的营养。即使当我看到很诱惑的垃圾食品时,我也毫不犹豫地说不。我为自己感到自豪。
#p#副标题#e#
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如今人工智能影响着我们生活的方方面面,知道以人工智能影响生活为题的英语作文要怎么写吗?下面读文网小编为大家整理人工智能影响生活英语作文,希望对你有所帮助!
How artificial intelligence changes our life
Artificial intelligence is developing quicker than before. I believe one day, artificial intelligence will be one of the most important concepts likes mobile, car and house. The artificial intelligence may change our life.Firstly, may be we need't do housework any more. The robot can wash the dishes, clean the floor and even help us make the bed. Secondly, the artificial intelligence could be a search website like google, baidu. When we have any trouble, just ask it the question and it will give you the suitable answer. Thirdly, we will not come to school only stay at home to learn from the robot. Fourly, the artificial intelligence will be used as the war, which makes the world become more dangerous than before and this is the outcoming as well. Finally, I guess may be the artificial intelligence can make love with human and help them deliver child.I think the era of artificial intelligence will come sooner and later.
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2023年成人高考专升本英语真题及答案(详解)
成人高考,作为一项国家级的大型考试,承载着无数考生的梦想和期望。经过一上午努力奋斗,2023年10月份成人高考英语科目已经考完,下面小编为大家整理了2023年成人高考专升本英语真题及答案,这些都是由考生回忆整理的,仅供参考!
成人高考英语是必考科目,相对四级英语来说,成考英语的难度要低一些,介于三级到四级之间。很多成考生都没有长期的学习英语,所以刚开始学习难度可能会比较大,但是不用担心,只要坚持学习一段时间,慢慢的我们的学习能力就会加强的。
学习英语尽量开口说,就算记生词也是。把握正确念法,才能帮助记住一个单词。多找文章大声朗诵。成考英语学习没有捷径,学会学习,才能更好地提高复习效率。成人高考属于成人教育的一种,考生几乎都是在职人士,国家自然会有所考量,作为国家选拔人才的一种方式,成人高考采用宽进严出的方式,考试难度并不大。
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人教PEP版三年级上册英语电子课本教材(完整版)
人教版PEP版的教材设计更加科学,提倡“以话为主,以书为辅”的教学理念,更侧重实践,让学生在实践中学习,而人教版则更侧重说说,让学生在许多练习中掌握英语的基本知识和技能。以下是小编为大家收集的关于人教PEP版三年级上册英语电子课本教材的相关内容,供大家参考!
问候和自我介绍:在第一部分,学生学习如何用英语问候和进行自我介绍,包括基本的问候语、介绍自己和问候他人的常见语句。
数字和颜色:在这个单元,学生们学会用英语数数和描述颜色,课程包括数数1到100,如何描述颜色以及练习颜色相关的游戏和绘画活动。
家庭和朋友:在这个单元中,学生们学习介绍自己的家庭成员和朋友。
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人教PEP版小学3年级英语上册(电子课本)
人教版PEP版的教材设计更加科学,提倡“以话为主,以书为辅”的教学理念,更侧重实践,让学生在实践中学习,而人教版则更侧重说说,让学生在许多练习中掌握英语的基本知识和技能。以下是小编为大家收集的关于人教PEP版小学3年级英语上册的相关内容,供大家参考!
(1) 祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。
Take this seat.
Do be careful.
否定结构:
Don't move.
Don't be late.
(2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。
Let 的反意疑问句
a、 Let's 包括说话者
Let's have another try,shall we / shan't we?
= Shall we have another try?
b、Let us 不包括说话者
Let us have another try,will you / won't you?
= Will you please let us have another try?
否定结构:
Let's not talk of that matter.
Let us not talk of that matter.
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义务教育教科书北师大版英语(三年级起点)三年级上册高清
义务教育教科书·英语(三年级起点)三年级上册是人民教育出版社出版的,为了帮助 大家更好的学习。以下是小编为大家收集的关于义务教育教科书北师大版英语(三年级起点)三年级上册的相关内容,供大家参考!
北师大版义务教育教科书·数学·一年级·下册
北师大版义务教育教科书·数学·二年级·下册
北师大版义务教育教科书·数学·三年级·上册
北师大版义务教育教科书·数学·四年级·上册
北师大版义务教育教科书·数学·五年级·上册
北师大版义务教育教科书·数学·六年级·上册
北师大版义务教育教科书·语文·一年级·上册
北师大版义务教育教科书·语文·二年级·上册
北师大版义务教育教科书·语文·三年级·上册
北师大版义务教育教科书·语文·四年级·上册
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考研英语2024备考复习技巧
考研英语分为英语一,英语二。考研英语一和英语二的题型都有英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作。以下是小编为大家收集的关于考研英语2024备考复习技巧的相关内容,供大家参考!
1、考研英语二的总考试时长是180分钟。
2、第一部分的20个选择题,可以安排20分钟。
3、第二部分的A节安排75分钟,B节安排25分钟。预计总时长是100分钟。
4、第三部分的英译汉,安排20分钟。
5、第四部分的Part A安排15分钟,Part B安排25分钟。预计总时长是40分钟。
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硕士研究生考研英语完型填空题及答案(2024)
为了让考研的同学更高效地复习考研英语,小编考研频道已经整理出了2024年考研英语完型填空试题和答案。如果你正在准备考研,不妨了解一下这些资料,希望它们能对你的备考有所帮助。
考研的考场分配根据考生的所在地以及报考学校等进行安排,在职人员考研时,考场一般都会分配在户籍所在地或工作单位所在地。
考研报考同一学校的考生理论上是分配在一个考点,甚至是同一考场的。考研报考同一学校的相同专业和不同专业是一起考试的。因为考研的考点、考场分配是实行统一管理,采取统一分配的原则,便于管理。
考研考场还有另外的分配方法,是划分考研的考场、考点时先按照各省、各市进行统一划分,然后是按照学校进行划分,再次是按照专业进行划分。
总之就是考研考场怎么分配对于考生的影响不大,考生只需要按照准考证所指示的前往指定考点进行考试即可,并且携带相关证件。
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