为您找到与英语写作如何训练相关的共200个结果:
要写好英语四级考试作文,在备考阶段做好写作的练习十分重要。下面读文网小编为大家带来英语四级作文写作训练附范文,供考生参考学习。
How to Enhance Etiquette Education?
Etiquette education, which plays an important role in moral education, has caught more and more people’s attention. Because it is an integral part of quality-oriented education and contributes to the construction of a harmonious society.
However, due to the lack of etiquette education in schools and families as well as the bad influence of the social environment, many college students have little knowledge of etiquette, thus it is quite common to see their bad behaviors. For example, they have no respect for their professors and the old, they talk to each other loudly in the library and don’t care about what they should wear in public places.
Regarding the seriousness of this phenomenon, I think we should take the following measures to arouse university students’ etiquette awareness. First, parents should set a good example for their children at home. Second, colleges should pay attention to students’ etiquette education and open some courses relating to etiquette, and they ought to try their best to create a good campus environment at the same time.
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学习优秀英语作文范文的写作技巧,是提高四级英语写作的重要方法。下面读文网小编为大家带来英语四级写作专项训练附范文,供同学们写作训练。
1. 近年来空气污染严重
2. 空气污染引发的危害
3. 有什么解决办法
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有一套好的英语写作训练方法,能够让英语写作能力突飞猛进。下面读文网小编为大家带来初中英语写作训练方法指导,欢迎大家参考学习!
语境是语言交际的重要因素,一切真实的交际活动都产生于一定语言环境之中,而有效的语言获得又是以有效情景体验为前提的。在英语课堂教学中创设交际环境,有助于激发学生的学习动机和兴趣,培养他们的自主学习能力。通过创设某一语境而训练学生写作,学生会感到自然,容易产生写的欲望。例如,学生举行运动会,庆祝“英语节”,以“A sports meeting”和“Our English Day”为语境,让学生在活动中仔细观察,亲身体验,然后试着用自己所学的语言知识,表达“A sports meeting”和“Our English Day”这些话题。
在我们的新教材的某些单元中,设有写作训练题,它们用英语设置语境,用英语提示内容,这些进行写的练习,与我们平时用汉语给语境,用英语完成段落的方式相比,更为理想。当然,教师在设立语境话题时要与学生的水平和能力相适应,应从简到难,从浅到深进行。否则,学生会无从下笔,久而久之,他们会失去信心。
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在写的训练中,我们往往只注意单词的抄写和单个句子的操练,这是远远不够的,因为这不能达到运用英语的目的。我们应当采取适当的训练步骤将单句的写作和英语基础知识融于整体的写作教学中去,从而有机地培养和提高学生的写作能力。下面是读文网小编整理的初中英语写作训练方法,以供大家学习参考。
改写的方法很多,可以是将对话改写成短文,也可以是缩写课文等。如JEFC学生课本第二册第67课是一篇知识性较强的文章,通过缩写,学生既加深了对课文的理解,又提高了写作技能,下面就是学生的一篇习作。
The weather in China is like America’s. It is hot in summer and cold
in winter. But it is not so hot and cold in any seasons in England, and it is often rainy. Australia’s seaaons are the opposite.
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与英语四级作文要求相比,除了字数的要求外,在英语六级作文考试,拿到高分的要求更高。不仅要求考生像四级考试一样,做到文章通顺,切题,无错误。还要求考生掌握更多的固定表达方式,以及更多的短语,句式。为提高大家的英语六级写作能力和技巧,下面读文网小编为大家带来英语六级写作训练及参考范文,欢迎大家学习!
On the Losing of Tyaditional Culture
It is widely noted that lots of traditional culture is dis^ppeBriitg alotig with the development of technology* Many aucient architectures and traditional ways of living have been deserted. It seems that the traditional culture and craftmanship will be replaced in this modem era.
The following reasons can account for the above phenomenon. Firstly, traditional technologies are always considered ineffective while the new sciences are always highly efficient. Secondly, it is costly to protect the traditional culture.
the fund used to protect the ancient culture was instead delivered to the poor, it will be helpful to the improvement of their living standard. Thirdly,modeni science and technology facilitate both our daiJy and academic life a tot. For instance, college students always collect their thesis materials by surfing the Internet instead of borrowing books from the library.
In my opinion, although traditional culture is an ancient heritage, it couldn't keep pace with the development of society. It is the tide of history that the traditional culture and technology will no doubt be eliminated in the end.
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英语写作,作为一项非常复杂、综合的心智操作过程,不同于一般性作为一种动作技能的英语书写。就写作知识范畴来讲,写作者需要有写作修辞能力、主题组织能力和自我概念能力。Il就高中生的英语写作发展状况来说,需要具有书写能力、酝酿能力和组织框架能力以及润色修改能力,等等。就影响高中生英语写作能力的因素来说,包括语言因素和非语言因素,前者如英语口语、词汇、语法、修辞技巧以及汉语的写作能力等.后者如认识能力、写作策略、思维模式、母语迁移等。
有时为了使段落多样化,主题句也可居于段中。例如:
【范例】In 2005 you will sleep later because your job willstart later in the morning. This is just one of the many waysthat will make life in 2005 different from what it is today.Too,machines will do most of your routine work for you.Also,you will travel to work on a moving sidewalk. Furthermore,you will talk to your friends on a picture telephone.Finally, you will take longer vacations in more distantplaces since transportation will be so much faster and cheaper.
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英语写作是学生综合运用语言能力的书面体现,写作应该结合学生的学习兴趣和生活经验,鼓励学生大胆表达对生活的体验和实践活动,通过积极主动尝试写作,大胆与他人交流的方式,培养学生的语言运用能力,促进他们在语言学习的过程中形成积极的情感态度、最终形成自主学习能力,进而促进综合语言运用能力的提高。
(1)体裁多样化
英语作文常见的体裁有记叙文、说明文、应用文等。每种体裁都要进行认真的、充分的训练。历年来我坚持抓好范文的教学,规定背诵若干基本篇目,然后将范文中的时间、地点、人物、情景等作适当改变,让学生模仿练习。
(2)写法多样化
结合课文教学,对课文进行缩写和改写。在缩写、改写课文前,教师可以首先给出关键词和词组,然后要求学生把主要内容表达出来。这样既锻炼了他们组织句子和篇章结构的能力,又提高了语言的精炼度,使写作能力得到很大程度的提高。提倡学生多读、多做摘记,多写B记。鼓励学生多阅读一些适合自己水平的英语课外读物,阅读量大了,对于语言的感受能力也会增强,这对于写出地道的语言是有很大的帮助的。课后随时记录一些有用的词汇、短语、精彩的句子和短文,并经常去翻阅诵读,使这些优美的句子、语段、各种不同的表达方式成为自己的财富。记英语日记有助于复习并巩固所学过的语言要点,及时掌握词汇及其搭配和用法,养成自我学习的习惯,扩大词汇量,从而在不知不觉中提高自己的写作能力和水平,感受成功的喜悦。
5.加强学习中的互动
写作如果没有评改,就说不上提高。我们可以让学生对照范文进行初改。在范文中,我们不可能把各种表达方式都包括进去,学生作业中的错误也不尽相同,因此我们可以在自改的基础上再让学生互改,让学生互相讨论,互相批改是提高写作水平的一种行之有效的方法。大胆放手让学生当“小老师”,能给学生提供相互合作、相互学习的环境,而且长期下去也会促进他们的自主学习能力。
6.以精细修改提高文章质量
整篇文章写完后,应将全文通读一遍,注意检查体裁格式是否正确,内容要点是否齐全,评议表达是否正确,单词拼写、字母大小写以及标点符号是否有误,确保文章表达合乎语法习惯j内容充实,文笔流畅。
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在英语学习中,造句作为一种训练方式能够使学习者辨析词语的准确含义,理解词汇的准确用法,提高语言表达能力和用英语思维的能力.英语写作主要考查的是考生能否写出地道的句子,有了漂亮的句子,用适当的连接词和过渡语将其连句成段,再加上一些亮点词汇的点缀,就可以组成一篇完整的作文。下面是读文网小编整理的英语写作造句的指导与训练,欢迎大家阅读!
一.遣词:
通过对学生习作中存在的问题和典型错误的分析与研究,我们可以将其错误和不当之处归纳为以下几个方面:词义错误、词义不准确得当、用词单一、拼写错误、用法错误。教师在教学中应根据这些错误采取例句呈现、分析讲解等方式帮助学生找到错误的根源并加以更正,然后使用词义分析、词语替换、造句等灵活多样的训练方式帮助学生加以巩固和提高。
1. 词义错误:
造成词义错误的原因主要有两个:一是学生记忆上的失误,二是汉语翻译的干扰与影响。学生在表达时经常会出现由于记忆不清而不知该选哪个词,只好随意应付,对于此类错误,教师在教学中应讲情词义记忆的重要性,同时传授相关的记忆方法。第二类错误更为常见,对此教师可以通过英语释义和比较分析的方法帮助学生加以避免。很多情况下两类错误是交织在一起的。比如,下面句子中的下画线词便会经常出现错误。
警察把伤员送到医院后立刻返回了事故现场。
The policeman sent the injured to hospital and then returned to the accident scene immediately.【正确的是took】
教师可以通过下列句义的分析和英语释义的方法帮助学生有效避免此类错误的出现:
send----①to cause to go or be taken to a place, in a particular direction, etc, without going oneself. ②to arrange or make it possible (for someone to go).如:Are you going to send your children to private schools.
take---- to move something or somebody from one place to another. 如:We usually take the children to school in the car.
通过比较分析,学生便会明白,“送”在汉语中有两种含义,一是“打发,派遣”,没有“陪伴”的意思;二是“带,护送”的意思,含有“陪伴”的意思;而英语中的“send”只有汉语的第一种含义,汉语的第二种含义要用英语中的“take, bring”来表达。
2. 词义不够准确得当:
这里主要牵扯到英语中的同义词和近义词的选用,一个词的词义通常包括两个方面,即本义或字面义(denotation)和隐含意义(connotation),两方面相结合就使得英语中几乎没有意义完全相同的两个词。例如:
① die “死”,普通用语,不含情感色彩;pass away “去世”,委婉用语;kick the bucket“死去,蹬腿了”,俚语,含贬义。下句中画线词的使用就很不得体。
On hearing that his father had kicked the bucket, we wrote him a letter to express our sympathies.【准确的表达是passed away】
② Small & little. 分析下一个句子,做出最佳选择:
I can never forget the (small)(little)town where I spent my happy childhood.
本句中的can never forget和happy childhood表示了说话者对小城的眷恋,含有情感色彩,所以用little最准确得当,small只表达客观事实,不具情感色彩。
3. 用词单一:
这个问题主要是学生词汇量不足造成的。从心理学的角度加以分析,在某种意义和程度上,懒惰是人的天性,同时“先入为主”是很难逆转的习惯。人在急需使用某个词来表达某种意义而又不会的时候是人学习速度最快、效率最高的时候,而一旦掌握了这个词,后续学到的东西往往被忽略,要么记不住,要么使用时不去多想而直接使用第一个词。为此,教师可以通过精选教材中的经典范例对学生加以指导,引导学生最大限度地扩充自己的词汇量并正确使用这些词的方法。比如高中英语第三册(人教版)第14单元的阅读文章The Language of the Honey-bees就是一篇经典范文,现抽出几组供大家参考:
① many varieties of bee/ many kinds of bee
② To find out/ In order to tell the bees apart
③ Again and again/ over and over/ over and over again
④ Things are clear now. It was evident that the circle dance told the bees about the location of the feeding place. It was also apparent that the wagging dance, where the bee moved sideways, sent another message about the feeding place.
再比如80年代高中英语教材中有一篇关于拿破仑的文章 Napoleon`s Three Questions,其中有几句经典对白让学过的人至今记忆犹新:
“How many years have you been in my army?” he demanded.
“Twenty-seven, sir,” said the Swede clearly and well.
Napoleon was surprised. He looked at the tall man and asked, “How old are you, then?”
“Three years, sir,” replied the Swede quickly.
Napoleon was astonished. “Either you are mad, or I am,” he declared.
“Both, sir!” cried the Swede proudly.
通过对上文画线词的分析,学生便可以充分理解选词的多样性在描述人物的身份地位、刻画人物心里的作用,同时能够使学生体会到选词多样性带来的语言之美,从而激发他们学习的积极性。接下来教师可采用同义词辨析、词语替换、句子翻译等方法帮助学生巩固知识、提高技能。这里仅介绍句子翻译中的一种方法,本人把它称作“限定性翻译”,传统的“限定性翻译”是要求学生用某个词来翻译,这种翻译方法有助于学生有针对性的使用某个词,但对学生的自主联想能力的培养明显不足。本人所用的“限定性翻译”是反向而为之,即要求学生不能使用某个或某些词,这样可以改变“先入为主”的心里定势,有效的激发学生的想象力,最大限度的巩固、拓展他们的词汇量。比如:
尽管下着大雨,他们还是按时出发了。(不能使用Though, Although)
通过这种限定,学生便会积极的去思考所有表示“尽管”的词汇,如:in spite of, despite, no matter…, as等,然后通过分析比较,选出正确的词,将句子翻译出来。Despite/ In spite of the heavy rain, they set out on time.
4. 拼写错误:
拼写错误的产生主要有两个原因:
① 学生记忆不清。造成这一现状的原因之一是学生的重视度不够及由此带来的训练量不足。众所周知,英语中、高考的主要题型是客观题,受此影响,学生平时所接触到的练习也大多是客观题,这就使得学生平时不太重视拼写练习,训练量明显不足。为此,教师在教学过程中要加强监督、检查的力度,采取听写、默写、造句、翻译、作文等主观题的训练来切实加强词汇的拼写练习。
在此,笔者介绍一下自己在教学过程中一贯坚持使用的一种默写方式――主题联想默写法。现行中学教材的编排是以话题(topic)为中心来组织材料的,某个单元都是围绕一个话题来展开的,所谓主题联想默写法就是指导学生将话题和相关词汇有机结合起来,通过话题联想来加强词汇的记忆的默写方法。
②方法不科学:提到词汇学习,许多学生的共同感受是“苦不堪言”,原因是多方面的,但方法不科学是其中最重要的因素。目前,学生记忆词汇的方法基本上还停留在“死记硬背”的层次上。英语是一种表音文字,其词形与读音有着规律性的联系,多数词汇都可以做到“听音知形”,因此,在教学过程中,教师一方面要依据这些规律,向学生介绍字母及字母组合的读音,同时采取灵活多样的训练方式,帮助学生把握规律,记忆词汇。比如字母组合ie在quiet中的读音,教师介绍其读音后,接着读一些单词让学生试着去听写,如:diet, anxiety, variety, society等;另一方面,教师可以采取比较联想和构词法知识向学生介绍科学的记忆方法,比如各种词缀(--tion, --er, --ly等)的构词规律,相似变化(hunger---hungry; anger---angry等)的规律等。最后,教师要充分关注相似词形的区别教学,如:adopt----adapt; quite----quiet; besides----beside; then----than; weather----whether等等。#p#副标题#e#
5. 用法错误:
词汇的用法错误是学生习作中非常常见的错误。该种错误主要可分为两类:
① 词类错误:词类错误表现为以下几个方面:
同一意义不同词类的词之间的误用,如形容词(sad, happy等)与副词(sadly, happily)的误用;名词(arrival, happiness)与动词或形容词副词(arrive, happy, happily)的误用;人称代词各种形式之间的误用等等。如:
Football is not too badly as long as I watch it with my dad.[bad]
At last, he successed in accomplishing the task.[succeeded].
I just smiled to me and thought,…[myself]
及物动词与不及物动词的误用;实义动词与系动词或情态动词的误用。如:
The price of oil has brought down.[bring down是及物动词,而come down 是不及物动词,所以正确的形式是come down/ been brought down]
The food is tasted good.[taste在该句中是系动词,没有被动语态,所以应改为tastes]
The book was sold well/ 50,000 copies in the first week after it was published.[sell不指具体的销售活动而用来表示销售状况时是不及物动词,没有被动语态,所以应改为sold]
可数名词与不可数名词,可数名词的单复数的误用。如:
He went to the market and bought some funitures.[funiture是不可数名词,没有复数形式。]
Reading adventure story is his favourite.[story表示种类,没有冠词修饰时应用复数形式。]
② 搭配错误:
英语中存在着大量的固定搭配和习惯用法,如短语动词、动词与名词搭配、介词短语等等。学生由于记忆不清或受汉语的干扰,经常在这方面出现错误,造成了大量的汉式英语。
③ 词形变化中的错误:
英语是一种富含曲折变化的语言,如名词复数的变化、动词第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化、形容词副词的比较级、最高级的变化。这类错误一方面是因为学生没有熟练掌握相关的变化规则或记不清某些特殊形式,另一方面则是学生对英语中的各种词类的句法功能不甚了解,使用时选词的标准只是汉语释义与英语词义直接对应;再就是学生在使用英语时的随意性太强,想到哪写到哪,根本没有必要的分析与判断。
针对上述错误,教师应该在查明原因的基础上,制定出切实可行的教学计划,采取科学的教学策略,有针对性的指导帮助学生有效避免该类错误的出现。
关注基本功的训练:学生的基础知识不够扎实,为此,教师要加强基础知识的教学与指导,帮助学生夯实基础。一方面,教师要使学生充分意识到基础的重要性和基础知识学习的艰苦性,培养学生吃苦耐劳的学习品质和锲而不舍的学习精神;另一方面,教师要注意练习的灵活性、多样性和实用性,以激发、提高并长久的保持学生学习的积极性。三是教师要加大督促、检查的力度,保证将教学任务落到实处。
提高学生的英语使用意识:教师可以通过英汉对比教学,一来帮助学生理解并掌握英汉的不同之处,二来提高学生的分辨能力和有意识的按英语的内在规律来运用英语的自主意识。
上述两个方面的措施在造句的环节上也是必须始终坚持的。
二.造句:
句子层面上的错误在学生的作文中是非常普遍的,归纳起来主要有以下几个方面:
1. 句法:如:
I know they happy.【正确:I know they are happy 】
Today, Mrs. Brown went to the market, bought some bananas, then visited her friend.【正确:…and then visited her friend.】
The shoes look good. I really want to buy. 【正确:I really want to buy them.】
When rains, I usually stay at home.【正确:When it rains, I usually stay at home】
He is ill, he is absent today. 【正确:He is ill, so he is absent today./ Because he is ill, he is absent today./ Being ill, he is absent today.】
Don`t put hands in pockets. 【正确:Don`t put your hands in your pockets.】
上述句子的错误都与英汉两种语言在句法方面的不同有关。
① 谓语部分:第一句和第二句与英语的谓语部分的用法有关,第一句缺少谓语动词,英语的一个句子中有且只有一个谓语动词,并列谓语和省略句除外,而省略句要符合特定的语境及要求,第二句缺少连词,因为英语中并列谓语之间应有连词连接,汉语句子中可以没有动词,也可以有两个或两个以上的不带连词的并列谓语;
英语对谓语部分的这种限制与要求还牵扯到大量非谓语动词的用法和汉语句型中的“连动式”(即两个或两个以上的动词不用连词而直接连用的句式结构。)的用法,学生只有了解了英汉语言在这方面的的区别及英语句子的谓语规则,才能有效避免这方面的错误。下面再举几例加以说明。
我去告诉他这个消息。――I`ll go and/ to tell him the news.
他站在门口笑。――He stood at the door, laughing.
学生们跟着老师走进了实验室。―― Following their teacher, the students entered the lab.
老师手里拿着本书走进了教室。――The teacher came into the classroom, with a book in his hand.
②主语部分:第三句从句中缺少主语,汉语中有大量的无主句,而英语中除祈使句和省略句外句子通常都有主语;
③宾语部分:第四句缺少宾语,英汉两种语言中动词的及物不及物的用法不是完全对等的,有些动词如buy在英语中只能用作及物动词,而汉语中的“买”在一定的语境中可以用作不及物动词;
④连词:第五句是复合句中缺少连词,英语中的两个分句之间有且只有一个连词,而汉语中两个分句之间可以不用连词(他病了,今天没来。),可以用一个连词(他病了,所以今天没来。或:他因为病了,今天没来。),也可以同时用两个连词(他因为病了,所以今天没来。)
连词的用法在英汉两种语言中的区别是很多的,受汉语的影响,连词的缺少或多用是学生写作时常犯的错误,汉语的并列成分之间不用连词的现象比比皆是,而英语中除了不同类别的形容词修饰名词时不用连词(如,He is an active old Chinese man.)之外,其他的并列成分间都要用连词连接。(如:你,我,他―――You, he and I.)
⑤限制语的缺失:这类错误主要是汉语干扰所造成的,因为在汉语中,只要语义清楚,汉语通常不用限制语,比如这句话翻译成汉语是,别把手放在衣袋里,若直接翻译成“别把你的手放在你的衣袋里。”我们听起来到显得非常别扭。汉语中这种限制语的缺失是一种极其普遍的现象,英语中用不用限制语有其自身的规律和要求,尤其是英语中可数与不可数名词的用法,只有准确把握两种语言的区别才能确保万无一失。再如:
北方人以小麦为主食。――People from the north live on wheat.
小麦长势很好。――The wheat is growing well.
书是很重要的。――The book/ A book is very important. 或Books are very important.
分析以上三句不难看出其中的区别,第一句中的“小麦”是泛指,指种类,英语中不可数名词指种类时不加限定词;而第二句中的“小麦”是特指,在英语中要加限定词。第三句中的“书”是泛指,指种类,可数名词指种类可以用不定冠词,也可以用定冠词加名词的单数,或用不加限定词的复数名词。
2. 语序错误:
任何语言都有其自身独特的句子成分的排列顺序,学生在这方面常犯的错误主要有两类:一是汉语的干扰所造成的负迁移,比如前面说过的“你,我,他――You, he, and I)”;再如英语中的时间状语和地点状语自身的顺序及几种不同的状语的排列顺序都与汉语有很大的不同;二是英语中的特殊句型的用法,如某些句子成分因某种需要而提前以及英语中倒装句(包括疑问句)等等。如:
他每天早上都在教室里大声地读英语。――He reads English aloud in the classroom every morning.
她数了三次,失望了三次。――Three times she counted, and three times she became disappointed. (状语提前以示强调)
我一直等到他回来才离开。――Not until he came back did I leave. (状语提前以示强调)#p#副标题#e#
你认为是谁帮了他?――Who do you think has helped him?
3. 一致性方面的错误:
英语中有很多一致性原则,而汉语中的要求却不是这么严格或汉语中没有明确的表示,由此导致了错误的产生。英语中的一致关系主要有以下几种:
① 主谓一致:英语中的谓语动词必须在人称与数上与其主语保持一致,这里主要牵扯到主语和主语单复数的认定。如:
The quality of the watches made in this factory are good.
该句中的主语是The quality,而不是the watches,所以谓语动词应该是is。
The news are exciting.
该句中的主语是The news,看上去是复数,而实际上news是一个不可数名词,谓语动词为单数is。
What can be done have been done.
英语中从句、动名词、不定式在主语时,谓语动词通常是单数,所以要用has.
All are here and all are going well.
All指事情或抽象概念时当作单数,所以第二个are应该换成is。英语中有一类词如all, some, a lot of, 及分数、百分数等既能修饰替代可数名词复数也能修饰替代可数名词单数或不可数名词,其谓语动词的单复数形式要与被修饰替代的那个名词保持一致。
② 时态一致:
这里所讲的时态一致主要是指主从复合句中的时态一致关系,其基本使用原则有两种,一是在宾语从句中(即间接引语),如果主句中的谓语动词为过去时,从句则使用过去的某一种时态(当然也有从句时态不变的特殊情况,如从句表达是习惯性动作、常例或一般真理时。);如果主句中是现在时,从句中则可以选用任何适当的时态。二是在其它复合句中,要将相关的动词进行时态上比较,然后做出正确的选择。如:
He told me that he has come here the day before. 【正确的是had come】
He said that practice made perfect. 【从句表达是客观真理或人们公认的道理时,时态为一般现在时,所以正确的是:makes。】
Martin missed the train because he is late.【通过比较可一看出正确的应该是was。】
③ 代词或名词与其相应的代词或名词在人称和数上的一致:如:
这双鞋看上去很好,我真的想买。This pair of shoes looks very nice, and I really want to buy it. 或The shoes look very nice, and I really want to buy them. (it代替this pair; them代替the shoes.)
别把手放在衣袋里。――Don`t put your hand in your pocket.或Don`t put your hands in your pockets. (hand与pocket 相对应,而hands与pockets相对应。)
④ 表示动作或状态的状语与其逻辑主语的一致:
表示动作或状态的状语可能是非谓语动词,省略句,也可能是介词或副词短语,但不管是哪种形式,其逻辑主语都应该是该句的主语,这是英语中状语使用的基本规则。如:
At the news/ On hearing the news/ Hearing the news, her face turned pale.
将上句直接翻译成汉语,“听到这一消息,她脸色变得苍白。”,我们一点也不感到有什么不妥之处,但根据英语的一致原则,这就是一个错误的句子,因为“她脸色”是不能“听”的,所以正确的表达方式是:
At the news/ On hearing the news/ Hearing the news, she turned pale; 或When she heared the news, her face turned pale.
4. 直接翻译造成的错误:
学生在写作是经常因为汉语思维惯性的影响而将汉语直接翻译成英语,由此导致了大量的“汉式英语”。如:
有60% 的学生认为应该上晚自习。――There are 60% of the students think they should to school in the evening.【正确:60% of the students think they should go to school in the evening.】
城市的大学毕业生越来越多。――The college graduates in the city are more and more. 【正确:There are more and more graduates in the city.】
针对这类错误,教师应该教育学生通过英汉比较,提高其英语运用的意识,通过不断的练习,建立起英汉句型相互转换的必要机制,有效避免汉语的干扰。
有时,汉语的表达方式牵扯到英语中的特定句型的使用,如果学生不能将其联系起来,要么不知所措,要么随便堆砌一些英语词语,产生错误就不足为奇了:如:
明天我要去理发。――I`ll have my hair tomorrow.
5. 其它语法错误:
除了上面遣词部分讲到过的词法错误外,学生作文中最常见的错误就是时态和语态错误了。教师要在教学中指导学生通过分析时间状语、语境、动词与其主语或逻辑主语之间的关系、相关动词的时间关系等,把握时态与语态的用法。
6. 句子的单调性:
上面谈到的都是句子写作中的错误问题,接下来要说的是句子的单调性,即学生所写的句子是正确的,但使用的大多是最简单、最基础的句型,句型缺乏灵活性和多样性。如:
他早晨起的很早,赶上了第一班车。――He got up very early in the morning, and he caught the first bus.
学生在此没有理解两句话的内在的逻辑关系,建立起该句与英语中“so…that…”句型的联系,不知道该句可以写成He got up so early in the morning that he caught the first bus.
昨天晚上他家遭抢了。――His house was broken into last night.
学生没有真正理解掌握英语中“have sth. done”的确切含义和用法,因此也就不会使用这一句型将这句改写成He had his house broken into last night.
这样的例子举不胜举,为此,教师要积极引导学生真正理解英语中不同句型的确切含义,英汉两种语言的句型之间的转换机制,并通过大量的句型转换练习或翻译帮助学生尽可能多记一些同一种含义的不同表达方式,以增加句型结构的灵活性和多样性,提高使用高级句型的能力。
三.结语:
上文归纳分析了学生在遣词造句中的常见错误,分析了错误产生的原因,并提出了一些改进措施,在此,笔者认为有必要再次重申和强调以下下列内容:
1. 遣词造句的能力培养不是轻而易举、一蹴而就的事情,教师和学生都必须具有脚踏实地、锲而不舍的精神,扎扎实实的夯实基础,不能浅尝辄止、半途而废。
2. 教师在教学中要切实处理好讲与练的关系,知识的讲解简单、透彻、明了,注重其实用性和交际性,避免“学究式”的说教;练习的形式要灵活多样,内容丰富多彩,具有较强的针对性;训练要目标明确,措施得当,并确保落实到位;信息反馈要及时准确。
3. 学生要积极主动的参与进来,提高写作练习的自主性,保质保量的完成教师布置的作业,并通过练习、修改、反思、改进等全程训练,努力提高自己的写作能力。
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你是否曾经面对作文题目苦思冥想拗破头皮头脑里天马行空但不知道怎样动笔,如果你看到发下来的卷子上英语作文上犯的一些小错误后感到痛心疾首大呼懊恼,那么你必须看一看这篇文章。因为英语考试中,书面表达最能考查学生对英语这门语言掌握的综合能力。它要求准确运用词汇、短语和语法结构,还需要上下文连贯、流畅。同时,语言要得体,又不拘于俗套。在考试中要想取得令人满意的高分不是一轻而易举的事情,非得下一番苦功不可。
写作是一个长期的过程,如果可以在写前、写后阶段与同学进行交流,对于发掘写作素材,写作思路有很大的帮助。教师应鼓励学生向班中写作水平较高的学生学习,多读读他们的作文,还可以让这些同学帮助他们修改,交流的多了,就可以集思广益,这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果。
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下面是读文网小编整理的训练英语作文写作的方法,以供大家学习参考。
当前中学生在写作中语篇知识是相当缺乏的,主要表现为:一是写作不分层次、不讲逻辑、无先后顺序、无时空间隙.二是学生对词汇的认识多数还停留在读音、拼写和意义层次上.很少注意英语词汇的习惯用法,因而出现了用汉语思维进行英语写作的情况,以致语篇中经常留下母语的痕迹.三是学生对引导性作文缺乏正确的理解,往往把框架看成为整体,不假思索地进行逐句的翻译,因而使读者把握不住作者的思想脉络和意义重心.
引导写作可分为重新编排句子顺序。规定情景作文。看图作文。提纲作文。关键词作文等形式。这些形式均可以用于训练,但以提纲作文和关键词作文多用为佳. 提纲作文是一种给出题目和段落提纲的习作方式,其段落写作提纲可以采用段落主旨句的形式,也可以是短语。关键词作文是一种给出作文题目和一些关键词或词组的命题作文形式。由于有段落写作提纲或主旨句等,进行习作时,减少了审题环节,且写作思路受到引导。在训练初期,引导写作的命题应尽量与所学英语书本的内容挂钩,使学生能够参照一部分课文所学的词汇与结构,避免大多生词。如针对上篇短文便可出一道相关命题引导学生习作:
题目:shops in China
提纲:(1)中国商店的作息时间 (2)中国商店的周未服务情况 (3)中国商店服务态度的好坏 以上是关于英语习作初级阶段的训练步骤。三个步骤的三种形式,相承相继,循序渐进,为进入自由命题写作打下了良好的基础。既适合教师指导学生习作课使用,也适合学习者自我训练。事实证明,这三个步骤是英语习作人门的有效做法。
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人们进行写作的一般目的是向读者传递信息、沟通情况或阐述作者对某一主题所持的观点,用英文写作也不例外。为让读者更好地理解所传递的信息,使用英文进行写作时,行文一定要注意做到清晰(Clarity)、准确(Precision)、简洁(Conciseness)这三点,这就是公认的英文写作“黄金三定律”。
此时的学习者已经掌握了该语言的一些基本的词汇和语法,可以用该语言表达自己的简单的思想。这时的写作练习可以达到两个目的:
(1)继续增强对语言的掌握;
(2)用外语表达一定的思想。
在具体的学习实践中,这两者实际上是不可分的。有许多初三的学生开始用英语记日记,其实他们就正处于这一阶段。
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下面是读文网小编整理的高考英语写作的训练方法,欢迎大家阅读!
遣词的原则:使用高等级词汇及短语, 如果仅仅记住几个简单基础的词汇,而且一味的重复低水平的英语知识点,还远远没有达到大学的入学要求。这就要求考生在平时的训练和考试当中,有意识的强化 “复杂,高级”这两个概念,使自己的作文能力区别于普通学生的作文,使自己一下子就站在一个比别人高的位置上,充分显示自己的实力。
平时学习过程中注意总结各种各样的词汇。以描述人物的词汇为例:
表达人物爱憎感情:
like, love, be interested in, be fond of…
hate, dislike, be tired of, lose interest in…
happy, excited, pleased, satisfied, angry, sad, worried, disappointed, terrified, mad, frightened…
介绍人物的影响及人们对人的评价:
He became famous for his new theory.
The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader.
We regard Li Fei as our model.
Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.
People spoke highly of him and all respected him.
常见描述人物性格,外貌和身体状况等的词语
good-looking /funny-looking /strong-looking /ugly-looking /dirty-looking /ordinary-looking /blue-eyed /white-eyed /warm-hearted /light-hearted /kind-hearted /absent-minded /tall /short /beautiful /pretty /lovely /naughty/ be blind /lame in /be in good or poor condition/ healthy/ fine/ well /strong-tempered /bad-tempered /near-sighted /far-sighted /foolish /stupid /silly /clever /smart /wise /bright / diligent /intelligent /lazy /hard working, etc.
造句的原则:句式多变,语法活用,句子是表达一个完整意思的最小当位,所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动,形象,准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的书面表达,必须从写好句子开始。
英语基本句型及造句:
主语+谓语+状语(介词,名词短语或从句)
The sun rises up in the east and sets in the west.
We get up early every morning.
The meeting lasted 2 hours.
主语+不及物动词+副词
This kind of wine drinks well and sells well.
The suit wears well.
Glass breaks easily.
主语+谓语+介词+宾语
We all agreed on the terms.
He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.
All these things are to be answered for.
主语+系动词+形容词
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.
He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.
Your explanation sounds reasonable.
主语+谓语+直接宾语
I want your promise.
Have your fixed my watch?
This factory produces 1000 cars a week.
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
He paid me a visit yesterday.
He owed me 50 yuan.
He wrote his family a letter yesterday.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (to do)
I will get someone to repair the recorder for you.
I didn’t mean to hurt you.
He invited me to teach at a well-known university.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (do)
I often hear her sing the song.
The boss made workers work 15 hours a day.
Don’t forget to have him come.
主语+谓语+现在分词
I heard her singing in the next room.
We could feel our heats beating fast.
Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?
主语+谓语+过去分词
I must have my watch repaired.
We must get he task finished on time.
Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.
主语+谓语+宾语(动名词)
I suggested putting off the meeting.
They all avoided mentioning the matter.
We can’t help laughing at the news.
主语+谓语+宾语(不定式)
I can’t afford to buy such a large house.
Don’t pretend to know what you don’t.
He feared to speak in her presence.
主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语
Nothing can prevent us from going forward.
Thank you for your help.
He demanded an answer from me.
练习写好句子的方法一:合并句子
It was early in the morning. Mr. Smith was in his garden. He was watering flowers.
Early in the morning, Mr. Smith was watering flowers in his garden.
A girl was crossing a road. The girl was pretty. The road was wide.
A pretty girl was crossing a wide road.
写好句子的方法二:改写句子
1) Mr. Green is a tall man, who wears a pair of thick glasses. (改成介词短语做伴随状语)
1) The book cost me 300 yuan.
Mr. Green is a tall man with a pair of thick glasses.
2) The ice on the lake is too thin for us to skate on. (使用so…that…结构改写句子)
The ice on the lake is so thin that we can’t skate on it.
练习方法三:一句多译
这本书花了我300元。
I spent 300 yuan on the book.
I paid 300 yuan for the book.
The price of the book is 300 yuan.
It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英语,李明也不懂。
I don’t know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, no more does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming.
I know no more English than Li Ming does.
I know as little English as Li Ming does.
一到家,我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。
On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The instant I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
No sooner had I arrived home than I wrote down everything I had seen.
昨天下午他才来。
He came here yesterday afternoon.
He didn’t come here until yesterday afternoon.
Not until yesterday afternoon did he come here.
It was yesterday afternoon that he arrived here.
It was not until yesterday afternoon that he came here.
谋篇的原则:
满分作文都有个共性就是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。文章的连贯性和紧凑感是很重要的。句子作为最小的表达意思的语言当位如果只是被随意的整合,是无法达到有效表达的目的。
常见的句子之间的连接手段有:
使用代词指代上一句中的名词
重复使用上一句中的词
使用连接词
使用平行结构
高考大纲中常用的连接词:
表并列补充关系的: what is more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition,
表转折对比关系的: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, in contrast to, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first…whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand…on the other hand, some…others,
表因果关系的: since, as, because (of), for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that,
表条件关系的: if, on the condition (that), as long as, unless, or else,
表时间关系的: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning/year/century, after an interval, now, after, presently, later, afterward, somewhat later, finally, at last, all of a sudden,
表特定的顺序关系: above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, the , next, finally, in the end, at last,
表换一种方式表达: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way,
表进行举例说明: for instance, for example, like, such as,
表陈述事实: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
表总结: on the whole, in short, all in all, general, in a word, in conclusion, in closing, in summary.
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英语写作教学是一项长期的、渐进的过程。只有踏踏实实从根基抓起,从一词一句,从语法练起,坚持正确的学习导向,开展多种形式和体裁的写作训练,鼓励学生多读多写,导之以科学合理的教学,英语写作将不再是拦路虎,进而成为生活和交际的纽带和桥梁。
训练方法多样化,可以尝试采用以下几种方法:
1.将听、说、读、写有机结合起来。
在课堂,教师可经常要求学生口头回答问题, 口头翻译句子,重复教师所讲的重要句子, 背诵课文中的重要短语、句型,甚至精彩段落。复习好某些重要短语、句型后,要求将所列的短语、句型连成一段语句通顺的话,切实做到学以致用,这样既加深了单词、短语、句型的印象,又进行了书面表达的训练。除此以外还要经常要求学生写各段的中心大意(Main idea),文章的概要(Summary),缩写或改写文章,将戏剧改写成故事,听写文章大意,或让学生口头复述,然后动笔写作。
2.将课文复习与书面表达训练结合起来。
在高三总复习阶段可将高中课文分类复习,按各种体裁分类,以便学生了解各文体的写作特点,为仿写、自由写作做准备。
3.充分利用高中课文后的练习训练学生,用于补差。
4.错题归档,补偏救失,写作要求规范。
教师指导写作时, 自始至终要培养学生良好的写作习惯。写作符合一定的规范, 将考试评分细则印发给学生,反复强调,认真学习,使人人明确标准,人人成为评卷人。每次写作之后,先要求学生自查、自改或互查互改。重点检查以下几项:
①短文结构是否离题。
②格式是否正确。
③内容是否完整。
④句子结构是否正确。
⑤有无严重语法错误,语言是否规范。
⑥书写是否清楚。
⑦单词拼写是否正确。
⑧大小写、标点符号使用是否正确。
检查后,并打上得分,收交后教师及时批阅,将普通性错误归类讲解。
笔者经过几年的总结,错误类型大致分为如下几类:
①本族语的干扰。如在翻译“为人民服务”时常写成“serve for the people”。
②语义用法不清。③动词时态、第三人称单数形式、过去式常常用错。如“cost” 写成“costed”。④语法结构逻辑错误。如“There are many students play basketball on theplayground.”。
对个别后进生经常要面批,讲解后要求再重新写作,优秀习作印发或张贴出来,后期要求记忆一些范文,这也有益于写作能力的提高。
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对于绝大部分中国学生来说,学习英文写作似乎只是为了一个目的——应试。的确,从基础的中、高考,到大学英语四、六级,乃至高阶段的TEM、TOEFL、IELTS,研究生入学考试等等,写作一直是必考的内容之一。为了应付这些考试,同学们不得不机械地背诵大量程式化的词组、句子、甚至是范文。这种做法也许能在短期内提高我们的应试能力,可长此以往,英文写作势必会重蹈历史的覆辙,演变成又一种“八股文”,这是我们所不愿意看到的。那么,怎样才能真正提高自己的写作能力呢?
遣词的原则:使用高等级词汇及短语, 如果仅仅记住几个简单基础的词汇,而且一味的重复低水平的英语知识点,还远远没有达到大学的入学要求。这就要求考生在平时的训练和考试当中,有意识的强化“复杂,高级”这两个概念,使自己的作文能力区别于普通学生的作文,使自己一下子就站在一个比别人高的位置上,充分显示自己的实力。
平时学习过程中注意总结各种各样的词汇。以描述人物的词汇为例:
表达人物爱憎感情:
like, love, be interested in, be fond of…
hate, dislike, be tired of, lose interest in…
happy, excited, pleased, satisfied, angry, sad, worried, disappointed, terrified, mad, frightened…
介绍人物的影响及人们对人的评价:
He became famous for his new theory.
The people had come to love him as an inspiring leader.
We regard Li Fei as our model.
Lei Feng has been praised for his communist spirit.
People spoke highly of him and all respected him.
常见描述人物性格,外貌和身体状况等的词语
good-looking /funny-looking /strong-looking /ugly-looking /dirty-looking /ordinary-looking /blue-eyed /white-eyed /warm-hearted /light-hearted /kind-hearted /absent-minded /tall /short /beautiful /pretty /lovely /naughty/ be blind /lame in /be in good or poor condition/ healthy/ fine/ well /strong-tempered /bad-tempered /near-sighted /far-sighted /foolish /stupid /silly /clever /smart /wise /bright / diligent /intelligent /lazy /hard working, etc.
造句的原则:句式多变,语法活用,句子是表达一个完整意思的最小当位,所以造句能力在英文写作中是非常重要的。好的英语句子能够生动,形象,准确的表达内容。所以要想写出漂亮的书面表达,必须从写好句子开始。
英语基本句型及造句:
主语+谓语+状语(介词,名词短语或从句)
The sun rises up in the east and sets in the west.
We get up early every morning.
The meeting lasted 2 hours.
主语+不及物动词+副词
This kind of wine drinks well and sells well.
The suit wears well.
Glass breaks easily.
主语+谓语+介词+宾语
We all agreed on the terms.
He hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.
All these things are to be answered for.
主语+系动词+形容词
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.
He was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.
Your explanation sounds reasonable.
主语+谓语+直接宾语
I want your promise.
Have your fixed my watch?
This factory produces 1000 cars a week.
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
He paid me a visit yesterday.
He owed me 50 yuan.
He wrote his family a letter yesterday.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (to do)
I will get someone to repair the recorder for you.
I didn’t mean to hurt you.
He invited me to teach at a well-known university.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (do)
I often hear her sing the song.
The boss made workers work 15 hours a day.
Don’t forget to have him come.
主语+谓语+现在分词
I heard her singing in the next room.
We could feel our heats beating fast.
Did you observe the birds flying around the trees?
主语+谓语+过去分词
I must have my watch repaired.
We must get he task finished on time.
Speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.#p#副标题#e#
主语+谓语+宾语(动名词)
I suggested putting off the meeting.
They all avoided mentioning the matter.
We can’t help laughing at the news.
主语+谓语+宾语(不定式)
I can’t afford to buy such a large house.
Don’t pretend to know what you don’t.
He feared to speak in her presence.
主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语
Nothing can prevent us from going forward.
Thank you for your help.
He demanded an answer from me.
练习写好句子的方法一:合并句子
It was early in the morning. Mr. Smith was in his garden. He was watering flowers.
Early in the morning, Mr. Smith was watering flowers in his garden.
A girl was crossing a road. The girl was pretty. The road was wide.
A pretty girl was crossing a wide road.
写好句子的方法二:改写句子
1) Mr. Green is a tall man, who wears a pair of thick glasses. (改成介词短语做伴随状语)
1) The book cost me 300 yuan.
Mr. Green is a tall man with a pair of thick glasses.
2) The ice on the lake is too thin for us to skate on. (使用so…that…结构改写句子)
The ice on the lake is so thin that we can’t skate on it.
练习方法三:一句多译
这本书花了我300元。
I spent 300 yuan on the book.
I paid 300 yuan for the book.
The price of the book is 300 yuan.
It cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英语,李明也不懂。
I don’t know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, nor does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, neither does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, no more does Li Ming.
I hardly know any English, so it is with Li Ming.
I know no more English than Li Ming does.
I know as little English as Li Ming does.
一到家,我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。
On/Upon arriving home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
As soon as I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The moment I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
The instant I arrived home, I wrote down everything I had seen.
No sooner had I arrived home than I wrote down everything I had seen.
昨天下午他才来。
He came here yesterday afternoon.
He didn’t come here until yesterday afternoon.
Not until yesterday afternoon did he come here.
It was yesterday afternoon that he arrived here.
It was not until yesterday afternoon that he came here.
谋篇的原则:
满分作文都有个共性就是有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。文章的连贯性和紧凑感是很重要的。句子作为最小的表达意思的语言当位如果只是被随意的整合,是无法达到有效表达的目的。
常见的句子之间的连接手段有:
使用代词指代上一句中的名词
重复使用上一句中的词
使用连接词
使用平行结构
高考大纲中常用的连接词:
表并列补充关系的: what is more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition,
表转折对比关系的: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, in contrast to, despite, in spite of, whereas, unlike, nevertheless, not only…but also, here…there, years ago…today, this…that, the former…the latter, then…now, the first…whereas the second, once…now, on the one hand…on the other hand, some…others,
表因果关系的: since, as, because (of), for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that,
表条件关系的: if, on the condition (that), as long as, unless, or else,
表时间关系的: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning/year/century, after an interval, now, after, presently, later, afterward, somewhat later, finally, at last, all of a sudden,
表特定的顺序关系: above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, the , next, finally, in the end, at last,
表换一种方式表达: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way,
表进行举例说明: for instance, for example, like, such as,
表陈述事实: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
表总结: on the whole, in short, all in all, general, in a word, in conclusion, in closing, in summary.
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下面是读文网小编整理的高中英语写作造句的训练方法,以供大家学习参考。
主语+谓语+状语(介词,名词短语或从句)
the sun rises up in the east and sets in the west.
we get up early every morning.
the meeting lasted 2 hours.
主语+不及物动词+副词
this kind of wine drinks well and sells well.
the suit wears well.
glass breaks easily.
主语+谓语+介词+宾语
we all agreed on the terms.
he hates to argue with his wife about such small matters.
all these things are to be answered for.
主语+系动词+形容词
good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth.
he was so tired that he fell asleep the moment he went to bed.
your explanation sounds reasonable.
主语+谓语+直接宾语
i want your promise.
have your fixed my watch?
this factory produces 1000 cars a week.
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语
he paid me a visit yesterday.
he owed me 50 yuan.
he wrote his family a letter yesterday.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (to do)
i will get someone to repair the recorder for you.
i didn’t mean to hurt you.
he invited me to teach at a well-known university.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补 (do)
i often hear her sing the song.
the boss made workers work 15 hours a day.
don’t forget to have him come.
主语+谓语+现在分词
i heard her singing in the next room.
we could feel our heats beating fast.
did you observe the birds flying around the trees?
主语+谓语+过去分词
i must have my watch repaired.
we must get he task finished on time.
speak louder to make yourself understood by everybody.
主语+谓语+宾语(动名词)
i suggested putting off the meeting.
they all avoided mentioning the matter.
we can’t help laughing at the news.#p#副标题#e#
主语+谓语+宾语(不定式)
i can’t afford to buy such a large house.
don’t pretend to know what you don’t.
he feared to speak in her presence.
主语+谓语+宾语(名词/代词)+介词+宾语
nothing can prevent us from going forward.
thank you for your help.
he demanded an answer from me.
练习写好句子的方法一:合并句子
it was early in the morning. mr. smith was in his garden. he was watering flowers.
early in the morning, mr. smith was watering flowers in his garden.
a girl was crossing a road. the girl was pretty. the road was wide.
a pretty girl was crossing a wide road.
写好句子的方法二:改写句子
1) mr. green is a tall man, who wears a pair of thick glasses. (改成介词短语做伴随状语)
1) the book cost me 300 yuan.
mr. green is a tall man with a pair of thick glasses.
2) the ice on the lake is too thin for us to skate on. (使用so…that…结构改写句子)
the ice on the lake is so thin that we can’t skate on it.
练习方法三:一句多译
这本书花了我300元。
i spent 300 yuan on the book.
i paid 300 yuan for the book.
the price of the book is 300 yuan.
it cost me 300 yuan to buy the book.
我不懂什么英语,李明也不懂。
i don’t know any english, nor does li ming.
i hardly know any english, nor does li ming.
i hardly know any english, neither does li ming.
i hardly know any english, no more does li ming.
i hardly know any english, so it is with li ming.
i know no more english than li ming does.
i know as little english as li ming does.
一到家,我就把所见到的一切都记了下来。
on/upon arriving home, i wrote down everything i had seen.
as soon as i arrived home, i wrote down everything i had seen.
the moment i arrived home, i wrote down everything i had seen.
the instant i arrived home, i wrote down everything i had seen.
no sooner had i arrived home than i wrote down everything i had seen.
昨天下午他才来。
he came here yesterday afternoon.
he didn’t come here until yesterday afternoon.
not until yesterday afternoon did he come here.
it was yesterday afternoon that he arrived here.
it was not until yesterday afternoon that he came here.
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名人名言经常会用到英语写作当中,那么你想收集一些常用的英语四级考试写作名人名言吗?下面读文网小编为大家带来英语四级写作名人名言,欢迎大家阅读。
1、懂得生命真谛的人,可以使短促的生命延长。——佚名
A man who knows life true meaning, can make the short life extension.
2、许多年轻人在学习音乐时学会了爱。——莱杰
Many young people in learning music has learned to love.
3、胜利往往是从坚持最后五分钟的时间中得来成功。——牛顿
Victory in the last five minutes often come from success.
4、个人,这是人生的道路,它总是可重复和独特点。——科恩
Personally, this is the way of life, it is always a repeatable and unique point.
5、在所有的优点中,忍耐的优点对青年男女最不相干。——查普曼
Of all the advantages, the advantages of patience for young men and women is the most irrelevant.
6、一旦有了意志,脚步也会轻松起来。——欧洲
Once you have the will, the steps will be easier.
7、有益者不为,无益者为之,所以苦其劳而不见成功。——薛瑄
Good for, not bad person, so the law not success.
8、人生不售来回票,一旦动身,绝不能复返。——罗曼·罗兰
Life is not return ticket, once started, can never return.
9、作了好事受到职责而坚持下去,这才是奋斗的本色。——巴尔扎克
Made a good responsibility and stick to it, this is the essence of struggle.
10、坚强的信念能赢得强者的心,并使他们变得更坚强。——白哲特
Strong belief can win the heart of the strong, and make them stronger.
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高二的学生想要写出一篇优秀的英语作文,学习优秀范文的写作技巧十分重要。下面读文网小编为大家带来高二英语写作优秀范文,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
When the issue of poisonous milk powder gains an overwhelming focus from the public, what are these malefactors doing? As we can see from the depiction, enterprise, milk station, milch cow and even grass are trying to find someone scapegoating for this credit crisis, in my view point, that’s nothing to do with the credit but the problem of responsibility.
Responsibility is a keyword that we should never disregard, defined not only as the courage to face every foreseeable risk, but as the braveness to entail every malpractice when it really takes place as well. The causes of the shortage of responsibility or even conscience may be as follows. Firstly, inner cause ascribing probably to the destructive influence emanating from the decay of morality may result in the over-materialism .Furthermore, outerly , deficient supervisal gives rise to the fearless adventurer who is at the risk of anything ,not to say to deviate from his own liability ,to pursue as many as profits. A case in point is the Melamine-laced Milk Incident which almost destroyed the whole of China’s milk industry.
It is imperative that drastic measures should be taken to end this thorny situation, such as enacting related law to reinforce our supervisal mechanism to avoid the behavior of kicking the ball when something bad happen and promoting social entities to regain one of Chinese traditional virtues, which is called “who would enter the hell if I wouldn’t”,that means, undoubtedly, to learn to be responsible for the blunder means sensible unflinchingness.
当有毒奶粉的问题从公众那获得压倒性的重点,这些犯人正在做什么?我们可以从描述中看出,我们可以看出企业、奶站、奶牛甚至草正试图找一个替罪羊信贷危机,在我看来,这是与信用无关但责任的问题。
责任是一个关键字,我们不应该忽视,不仅定义为勇气面对每一个可预见的风险,但随着勇敢时需要每个事故真的发生。缺乏责任甚至是良心的原因可能如下。首先,内部造成破坏性的影响将可能来自道德的衰退可能导致原材料的过失。此外,外部监督不足引起的无畏的探险家的风险,不是说偏离自己的责任,追求利润。一个典型的例子是掺入三聚氰胺牛奶事件几乎摧毁了整个中国牛奶行业。
当务之急是应采取严厉措施结束这种棘手的情况,如制定相关法律,加强我们的监督机制来避免踢球当坏事发生的行为和促进社会实体恢复中国传统美德之一,被称为“如果我不会,谁会进入地狱”,这意味着,毫无疑问,学会负责错误意味着明智的选择。
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学习优秀作文的写作技巧,对于高二的学生提高英语写作能力十分有帮助。下面读文网小编为大家带来高二英语写作参考范文,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
People travel by plane, by train, by ship, by bus. For me, the best way of traveling on a summer vacation is to go on foot.
My preference depends on the purpose of the travel. On a summer vacation I travel to refresh myself and to see the countryside. When I use my feet and walk on a grass covered path along a river or among the hills I feel detached from the noise of the city and closer to the nature. And when I travel on foot I get more freedom. I can plan my own schedule. I can choose my own route. I can stop where I like. And I can see things and people that I might miss if I travel on a train or on a bus.
When faster and more convenient ways for travel are becoming available, I still favor using my own feet. I get much pleasure from it. People travel by plane, by train, by ship, by bus. To me, the best way of traveling on a summer vacation is to go on foot.
人们去旅游有的乘飞机、有的坐火车、坐船、乘公共汽车。对我来说在暑假,最好的方式是徒步旅行。
我的偏好取决于旅行的目的。在暑假我旅游是为了消除疲劳并欣赏乡村美景。当我沿着河流或在群山之间走在一条青草覆盖的路上时,我觉得我远离了城市的喧嚣、亲近了自然。徒步旅行,使我很自由。我可以自己安排行程。可以选择我自己的路线。我可以把车子停在我喜欢的地方。而且我可以遇到那些坐火车或公共汽车会错过的人和事。
当更迅速、更方便的方式使旅游变得更便捷,我仍然热衷于徒步旅行。我从中得到许多乐趣。人们去旅游有的乘飞机、有的坐火车、坐船、乘公共汽车。对我来说在暑假,最好的方式是徒步旅行。
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