为您找到与美国有什么饮食文化相关的共200个结果:
美国式饮食不讲究精细,追求快捷方便,也不奢华,比较大众化。一日三餐都比较随便。有可能都把时间放在工作上了。那么,美国的饮食文化还有什么特点呢?
早餐以面包、牛奶、鸡蛋、果汁、麦片、咖啡、香肠等为主。午餐一般在工作地点用快餐(快餐是典型的美国饮食文化,十分普及),一般有三明治、水果、咖啡、汉堡包、热狗等。晚餐是正餐,比较丰盛,有一二道菜,如牛排、猪排、烤肉、炸鸡等,配面包、黄油、青菜、水果、点心等。也有不少人上餐馆用晚餐。美国餐馆很多,一般供应自助餐、快餐、特餐(固定份饭)、全餐等各种形式的餐饮,价格一般比较低廉,也可点菜,点菜价格最高。早餐一般在8时左右,午餐一般在12时-14时,晚餐一般在18时左右。他们在临睡前有吃点心的习惯,成人以水果、糖果为主,孩子则食用牛奶和小甜饼。美国人的口味比较清淡,喜欢吃生、冷食品,如凉抖菜、嫩肉排等,热汤也不烫。菜肴的味道一般是咸中带点甜。煎、炸、炒、烤为主要烹调方式,不用红烧、蒸等方式。以肉、鱼、蔬菜为主食,面包、面条、米饭是副食。甜食有蛋糕、家常小馅饼、冰淇淋等。他们喜欢吃青豆、菜心、豆苗、刀豆、蘑菇等蔬菜。所用肉类都先剔除骨头,鱼去头尾和骨刺,虾蟹去壳。
美国人喜欢吃糖醋鱼、咕噜肉、炸牛肉、炸牛排、炸猪排、烤鸡、炸仔鸡等肉食菜品,爱用冰水、矿泉水、可口可乐、啤酒、威士忌、白兰地等饮料,喜欢在饮料中加冰块,不喜欢饮茶。饭前以蕃茄汁、橙汁等作为开胃饮料,吃饭时习惯饮用啤酒、葡萄酒、汽水等饮料,饭后则喝咖啡,很少喝烈性酒。美国人不爱吃猪蹄、鸡爪、海参、动物内脏、肥肉等。烹饪时不放调料,调料放在餐桌上自取,有酱油、醋、味精、胡椒粉、辣椒粉等。部分美国人喜欢吃蚯蚓、罐头、饼干。制作凉菜时,一般用色拉油、沙司作调料。不少人喜欢吃我国的粤菜、川菜以及甜酱、蚝油、海鲜酱等。喜欢用威士忌、杜松子酒、伏特加等生酒混合调制鸡尾酒。
1.美国特色快餐的小知识:
国内的人对KFC, Macdonald, Pizza hut早已不再生疏。这些闻名的快餐店在美国也是遍布大街小巷。除此之外还有许多中国人不太熟悉的,你也不妨一尝:
1、Burger King:专卖汉堡,牛肉层比麦当劳的厚,不过有人认为味道不如麦当劳,你要来亲自试试才知呀。值得一提的是,Burger King的早餐中有个叫croissantwich的,味道非常可口。
2、Taco Bell: Mexico food:在美国非常闻名,很多人爱吃。不过品味不一定适合中国人。
3、Arby:专营汉堡。比麦当劳, burger king稍贵,但味道独特,不妨一试。
4、Wendys:专营汉堡。跟麦当劳差不多。
5、Subway:你可不要误以为是地铁站!其实它是专卖sandwich的。以清洁著称,味道也很好。
下面再介绍一下快餐店里的绘话。其实在快餐店里店员一共就那么几句话。一进去,排队。排到你店员会问你:“for here or to go?"意思是问:是在这里吃还是带走?假如在店里吃,就是”for here",否则就是"to go"。然后一般要问"what kind of drink",你喜欢哪个就点哪个了。由于drink都很贵,所以不如要免费的“water”实惠。另外,在KFC,还要多说一点,就是店员一般会问你:“original or crispy?"这是两种不同的口味。一般crispy会比较对中国人的胃口。薯条叫“french fries",番茄酱叫”ketchup",这些快餐店常见的单词你一定要懂得。
在美国街上,buffet很多。想填饱肚子是很方便的。假如太忙或不方便上街还可以打电话叫外卖,一般pizza店都有delivery的。喜欢吃美式薯条的人一定不讨厌这一道前菜,薯皮又香又脆。美味的关键还在于中间那一盅酸忌廉汁,牛油的香味中掺杂着清新的酸味,既开胃又解腻。
以新鲜的椰汁混合咖喱粉烹制,整个过程不加一滴水,鸡肉酥嫩入味。传统的美国吃法还要以蒜蓉包将浓浓的汤汁蘸到一滴不剩。
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美国式饮食不讲究精细,追求快捷方便,和中国的饮食文化有很大的差异。一下是读文网小编给大家带来中国与美国饮食文化差异介绍,以供大家参阅!
十一、美国人餐后习惯加一份甜食,而中国人餐后习惯食水果。
杯子蛋糕(Cupcake)水果当然比甜食有益,但中国人又往往餐后水果再加甜食,尤其是宴席上。不少营养学家认为餐前用水果比餐后有益。
十二、中国人往往餐后饮一杯热茶,而美国人餐后却爱饮咖啡。茶能降低胆固醇,而咖啡却会提高血脂且刺激心脏。有营养学家指出餐后半小时左右饮用热茶将更能发挥其降低胆固醇和助消化的作用。
十三、美国人已意识到被称为“红肉”的牛肉、马肉和羊肉等是导致结肠癌和前列腺癌的病因之一,亦意识到红肉的脂肪也是前列腺癌及心脏病的致病因素之一,注意到一周吃一次红肉。中国的不少报刊也多次报道过红肉的问题,但中国人却未能引起到足够的重视。
十四、中国人普遍都喜欢豆浆、豆腐等豆制品,它不仅保持了大豆的营养,且养分更易于人体吸收,其蛋白质的消化吸收率高达92%—96%,享有“植物肉”的美称。而美国人对豆腐至今没有兴趣。
十五、美国人习惯于分餐制,而中国人大多合餐。
十六、中国人炒菜时多用大火,因而油烟多,加上多不注意厨房的通风设备;而美国人不爱用大火炝锅,且厨房通风条件相当注意。因而烹饪人员及家庭主妇中患肺癌率中国人明显高于美国人。
十七、中国人尤其是广东人特别爱饮汤,且汤的烹制上有煲、炖、滚、羹等多种形式,材料上除果蔬、禽肉、海河鲜、干货还有特有的中药材甚至野菜,无论对佐餐、养生、辅助治疗疾病都十分有助。而美国人的汤品却比较单调。
十八、中国人爱吃熟菜,美国人爱吃生菜。生菜比熟菜有营养,但须无污染
十九、中国菜着重色、香、味,西餐讲究实惠。
看过中国与美国饮食文化差异介绍
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在美国,有非常多的美食,主要的特色就是快餐,比如我们平时最常见的麦当劳和肯德基,都是以汉堡和炸鸡为主打的快餐饮食,除了这两家以外,还有很多卖披萨和三明治的快餐商店。而在美国吃饭的话,一般的比较正规的餐厅都会收取百分之二十左右的消费,而在快餐吃饭的话,则不需要付消费,所以相对来说,吃快餐的话还是比较省钱的选择。下面就美国的饮食文化为大家作一个简单的介绍。
而最常见的就是一些欧洲餐厅以及意大利参观,中国的餐馆在美国也是非常的多的,而其他国家的餐馆,比如印度、拉美等地的餐厅,都能够在美国找得到。
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“你吃什么就成为什么样子。”营养专家经常使用这句话来倡导更好的饮食习惯,入嘴的东西确实成为我们的一部分。但我们也可以从另一个角度来看这句话,我们所吃的反映出我们自己--不论就人或文化而言.你想了解另一种文化吗?那么你应该去认识他们的食物。认识美国食物可以让我们得知美国文化的精髓。
何谓“美式食物”?乍听之下你可能认为答案容易得很。对许多人而言,美式食物就是汉堡、热狗、炸鸡和披萨。如果你是好吃甜食的人,你可能会想到苹果派或巧克力片饼干。美国人确实吃这些东西,但这些就是你在美国唯一找得到的食物吗?
除了感恩节火鸡以外,挺难找到典型的美国食物。美国是个移民之地,所以美国人吃的食物来自许多不同的国家,当人们移居美国,他们也将自己的烹调带了进来。那也就是为什么在美国你几乎可以看到所有不同民族的食物。在某些情况中,美国人把外国的食物视为最爱。美国人喜爱意大利的披萨,墨西哥的玉米饼和中国的春卷,但是这些东西的美国版味道却不很道地!
和许多大国一样,美国有数个截然不同的地区,每个地区都以自己特有的食物夸口。走访美国南部享受乡村式的烹调;到路易斯安纳州品尝辛辣的凯郡式料理;走一趟新英格兰试尝它美味的海鲜;再到中西部“美国的面包之乡”品尝可口的烘培食品;乘船游览至西南部尝试一些好吃的墨式德州小吃,最后到太平洋西北岸,啜饮美食家的咖啡,作为美食之旅的句点。
生活在快速步调之下的美国人通常只能“很快地吃几口”。快餐店提供赶时间的人各种食物,从炸鸡到炒饭,应有尽有。微波炉晚餐和实时餐点使得在家烧饭省事又快速。当然,最平常的美式速餐之一就是三明治。任何能夹在两片土司中间的东西,美国人就可以把它作成一份三明治,花生酱和果酱更是一直都深受美国人的喜爱。
忙碌的美国人也趋向于吃一大堆“垃圾食物”。洋芋片、糖果、汽水和其它好吃的东西都颇受欢迎。许多人吃了太多这类不健康的零嘴,但是其它人则选择较健康的饮食习惯,有些人甚至选择“全天然”的食物,他们拒绝吃任何有化学制品或添加物的食物。
美国文化是“你吃什么就成为什么样子”这句话的好写照。美国人代表了范围广泛的背景和想法。在美国可享受到的各式食物正反映出个人品味的多样化。这食物可能是国际性也可能是地区性的;有时是快餐,有时也不见得;它可能是垃圾食物,也可能是天然食品。然而无论如何,它们都是美式的。
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下面是读文网小编整理的美国人的饮食文化,欢迎大家阅读!
American menus can look rather confusing at first sight, for they may use some terms which are unfamiliar to most vistors. Here are some points which may be useful.
Fried mushrooms, fried onion rings (洋葱圈) and fried zucchini (小胡瓜) are sometimes served as starters (第一道菜).
Potatoes most often come "French-fried" or baked. If you order a baked potato, the waiter will ask you what you want on it. The choice is butter and/or sour cream and sometimes chives (细香葱).
Very often vegetables do not come automatically with the meal, and you have to pay extra for them.
"Scrod" (小鳕鱼), "red snapper" (啮龟) and "mahi hahi" are all name of fish. "Seafood"means lobster (龙虾), shellfish and fish, including,funnily enough, freshwater fish! Prawns (对虾) are known as "shrimp".
American beef is usually good and often wonderful.
American salt and pepper (糊椒粉) pots are confusing until you realize that the salt pot may look like a pepper pot except that the salt pot's holes are bigger. Pepper is normally black rather than white. American mustard (芥末) is mild and normally eaten with hot dogs or hamburgers rather than meat.
And that stuff in a dish that looks ice cream is actually whipped (搅拌过的) butter.
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虽说英国对美国影响很深,但是它们的饮食文化却各有不同。以下是读文网小编给大家带来英国和美国的饮食文化差异,以供大家参阅!
英國的辛辣食物:
「Nando's: 其實常常有正在約會的男士點不辣的口味,但叫我們在他點的雞上面插勁辣的小旗。」
美國的辛辣食物:
「蠍子雞翅:吃這個之前顧客要先簽一份生死狀」(人家是很認真地在吃辣好嗎)
#p#副标题#e#
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下面读文网小编为大家带来金融双语阅读:美国警告欧盟不要给予中国市场经济地位,希望大家喜欢!
Washington has warned Brussels against granting China ‘market economy status’, saying the long-sought trade concession could hamper efforts to prevent Chinese companies flooding US and European markets with unfairly cheap goods. 华盛顿警告布鲁塞尔不要给予中国“市场经济地位”(MES),称中方长期寻求的这一贸易优惠待遇可能妨碍阻止中国企业在美欧市场倾销廉价得不公平的商品的努力。
Achieving market economy status (MES) at the World Trade Organisation is one of China’s core strategic goals. Among other benefits, it would make it far more difficult for the US or EU to impose steep tariffs on Chinese companies for unfairly dumping low-cost goods on their markets. 在世界贸易组织(WTO)取得市场经济地位是中国的核心战略目标之一。其好处包括,它将显著加大美国或欧盟针对在其市场不公平倾销廉价商品的中国企业开征高额关税的难度。
US officials have warned EU counterparts that granting Beijing MES would amount to “unilaterally disarming” Europe’s trade defences against China. In private, they are scathing about the move, which they see as the latest example of Europeans seeking to curry favour with Beijing to gain billions of euros in investment. 美国官员警告欧盟同行称,给予中国市场经济地位无异于“单方面解除”欧洲对中国的贸易防御。私底下,美国官员严厉批评此举,在他们眼里,这是欧洲人为了获得巨额投资而试图讨好北京方面的最新例证。
But the European Commission, the EU’s executive arm, is growing increasingly sympathetic to China’s pleas. The commission is expected to make its decision as early as February. 但是,欧盟执行机构——欧盟委员会(European Commission)正越来越倾向于支持中国的诉求。该机构预计最早在明年2月就会做出决定。
German chancellor Angela Merkel is supportive of the idea while George Osborne, the UK chancellor who has spearheaded Britain’s courtship of Beijing, is a firm advocate. 德国安格拉·默克尔(Angela Merkel)支持给予中国市场经济地位,而力主英国迎合中国的英国财相乔治·奥斯本(George Osborne)也坚定地支持这样做。
Other European governments, led by Italy, and a growing swell of European labour unions and traditional industries — including steel, ceramics and textiles — are strongly opposed. Partly at their prompting, senior US trade officials have repeatedly raised their concerns with their European counterparts in recent months. 以意大利为首的欧洲其他国家政府,以及越来越多的欧洲工会和传统产业(包括钢铁、陶瓷和纺织品)都强烈反对。部分在他们的敦促下,美国高级贸易官员近月来一再向欧洲同行表达自己的关切。
The debate centres on a dispute over the terms of China’s agreement of accession to the World Trade Organisation in 2001. Beijing has long interpreted the accord to mean that it would automatically be designated a market economy at the end of 2016. 这场辩论的焦点是如何解释2001年中国加入世贸组织的条款。北京方面长期以来的解读是,当时的协议意味着它将在2016年底自动取得市场经济地位。
But many trade lawyers disagree with this reading of the rules. Opponents argue that Beijing’s hand in setting prices, providing subsidies to an array of industries and other statist policies should disqualify it from MES. 但是,许多贸易律师不同意这种解读。反对者主张,北京方面插手价格制定,向多个行业提供补贴,以及施行其他计划经济式政策,应该使其没有资格获得市场经济地位。
“China was accepted into the WTO almost 15 years ago on an expectation that it would now be a market economy. It is not and it would be wrong to treat it as such when it meets so few of the criteria,” said David Martin, a British Labour member of the European Parliament, which would have to support any commission proposal for MES. “中国在近15年前被世贸组织接纳时,各方的期望是到了现在它将转型为市场经济。它不是,在它达到这么少标准的情况下给予它市场经济地位将是错误的,”欧洲议会(European Parliament)的英国工党成员戴维·马丁(David Martin)表示。欧盟委员会给予中国市场经济地位的提案将必须获得欧洲议会的支持。
The EU’s deliberations come at a particularly sensitive moment for Europe’s steel industry, which has lost a fifth of it workforce since 2009 and blames many of its woes on unfairly cheap Chinese imports. 欧盟的讨论发生在一个对欧洲钢铁行业特别敏感的时刻,自2009年以来失去了五分之一劳动力的该行业,把它的很多困境归咎于廉价得不公平的中国进口产品。
At the same time, the commission is keen to repair trade relations with China after a string of acrimonious disputes in recent years. It is seeking big Chinese investments in a ¢300bn infrastructure fund designed to rekindle flagging growth in Europe. 与此同时,在近年发生了一系列激烈纠纷后,欧盟委员会眼下热衷于修复与中国的贸易关系。它正在争取中方对一只3000亿欧元基础设施基金大笔投资,该基金旨在提振欧洲乏力的经济增长。
The commission declined to comment on its decision, which officials say is still under consideration. However, diplomats and businessmen involved in the process say momentum is building for a positive decision on MES in the first quarter of 2016. 欧盟委员会拒绝就其决定置评,官员们表示该机构仍在考虑。然而,参与这个过程的外交官和商界人士表示,目前正在形成的势头意味着,该委员会在2016年第一季度很有可能做出同意给予中国市场经济地位的决定。
“Brussels’ attitude towards China is better than Washington’s,” said Tu Xinquan, a trade expert at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing. “Of course, EU industries won’t welcome market economy status for China. But I think it’s quite likely to be granted.” “布鲁塞尔对中国的态度比华盛顿更好,”对外经济贸易大学(University of International Business and Economics)的贸易专家屠新泉表示,“当然,欧盟的产业界不会欢迎给予中国市场经济地位。但我认为中国很有希望被授予这种地位。”
Under WTO rules, China’s non-market economy status gives the US and EU far greater latitude in determining the fair cost of production for Chinese companies when conducting anti-dumping investigations. As a consequence, say trade lawyers, that has made it easier for complainants to prove their cases against China. 按照世贸组织规则,中国的非市场经济地位使美国和欧盟在展开反倾销调查时,在确定中国企业的公允生产成本方面拥有大得多的自由度。贸易律师们表示,其后果之一是,投诉方更容易证明其针对中国的投诉成立。
The Obama administration, which is being cheered on by US industry, is advocating a policy of inaction, which would force China to bring a challenge in the WTO and thus put the onus on Beijing to prove that its state-heavy economic model has met all the criteria for MES. 在美国工业界的欢呼下,奥巴马政府正在倡导不作为的政策,那将迫使中国在世贸组织发起挑战,从而使北京方面承担举证责任,要证明政府干预相当严重的中国经济模式满足了市场经济地位的所有标准。
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美国是一个高度发达的资本主义国家,因其较为健全的法律制度、健康的生活环境、顶尖的教育资源等,吸引着世界各地的人来这里追逐美国梦。那么你想多了解一下有关美国的文化吗?下面是读文网小编为大家带来有关美国文化经典美文双语,欢迎大家阅读欣赏!
An American friend has invited you to visit his family. You've never been to an American's home before, and you're not sure what to do.Should you take a gift? How should you dress? What time should you arrive? What should you do when you get there? Glad you asked. When you're the guest, you should just make yourself at home. That's what hospitality is all about: making people feel at home when they're not.
一位美国朋友邀请你去他家。你以前从未去过美国人的家,你不确定该怎么做。该带一个礼物吗?该怎么穿?该几点到?到了那里该做什么?很高兴你发问。你若是客人,只要使自己感到自在就好了.待客之道就是这样:虽然不是在家里,却使客人有宾至如归之感。
The question of whether or not to bring a gift often makes guests squirm. Giving your host a gift is not just a social nicety in some cultures-it's expected. But in American culture , a guest is not obligated to bring a present, Of course, some people do bring a small token of appreciation to their host. Appropriate gifts for general occasions might be flowers, candy or-if the family has small children'toys. If you choose not to bring a gift, don't worry. No one will even notice.
是否带礼物的问题常使客人不安。在某些文化中,送主人礼物不只是社交礼节——还是必要的。但是在美国文化中,客人并不一定要带礼物。当然,有些人的确会带个表示感谢的小礼物给他们的主人.一般情况下,可以带花或是糖果.如果这家人有小孩,玩具应当是恰当的礼物。如果你选择不带礼物,不要担心,没有人会注意到的。
American hospitality begins at home-especially when it involves food. Most Americans agree that good home cooking beats restaurant food any day. When invited for a meal, you might ask, "Can I bring anything?"Unless it's. a potluck, where everyone brings a_dish, the host will probably respond, "No,just yourself." For most informal dinners, you should wear comfortable, casual clothes. Plan to arrive on time, or else call to inform your hosts of the delay. During the dinner conversation:it's customary to compliment the hostess on the wonderful meal. Of course, the biggest compliment is to eat lots of food!
美国人的待客之道从家里开始——尤其是和食物有关。大多数美国人都同意,无论如何,好的家常菜胜过餐馆的菜。受邀吃饭时,你或许问:"我可以带些什么吗?" 除非是每人带道菜的聚餐,否则主人很可能会回答: 不用,你来就可以了. 大多数非正式的聚餐,你应该穿舒适、轻便的衣服。设法准时到,否则打电话告诉主人你会晚点到。用餐时,习惯上,人们会称赞女主人烹调的美食。当然,最大的赞美是多吃!
When you've had plenty, you might offer to clear the table or wash the dishes. But since you're the guest, your hosts may not let you. Instead, they may invite everyone to move to the living room for dessert with tea or coffee. After an hour or so of general chitchat, it's probably time to head for the door. You don't want to wear out your welcome. And above all,don't go snooping around the house. It's more polite to wait for the host to offer you a guided tour. But except for housewarmings, guests often don't get past the living room.
当你吃得差不多时,或许可以主动表示要帮忙清理桌子或洗碗盘,但你既是客人,你的主人可能不会让你这样做。他们或许会邀请大家到客厅吃点心、喝茶或咖啡。聊个大约一小时或许就该离去了,你可不希望变得不受欢迎吧。还有最重要的是不要在屋子里四处窥探,等主人邀请你参观才较有礼貌。可是除了乔迁喜宴之外,客人通常都只待在客厅里。
Americans usually like to have advance notice when people come to see them. Only very close friends drop by unannounced. This is especially true if the guests want to stay for a few days. Here's a good ruleof thumb for house guests: Short stays are best. As one 19th century French writer put it, "The first day a man is a guest, the second a burden, the third a pest." Even relatives don't usually stay for several weeks at a time.While you're staying with an Amencan family, try to keep your living area neat and tidy. Your host family will appreciate your consideration.And they may even invite you back!
美国人通常喜欢访客事先通知他们,只有非常亲密的朋友才可能不请自来,尤其在客人要待好几天时更是如此。最好不要久留——这是给访客的经验之谈。就像19世纪一位法国作家所写的那样:“第一天是客人,第二天是负担,第三天就是讨厌鬼了."既使是亲戚通常不会一次待上几个星期. 当你住在美国人家里时,设法使你住的地方保持整齐清洁。你的主人_家都会感谢你这么体贴,他们甚至会再邀请你!
Most Americans consider themselves hospitable people. Folks in the southem United States, m particular, take pride in entertaining guests.In fact,southern hospitality" has become legendary. But in all parts of America, people welcome their guests with open arms. So don't be surprised to find the welcome mat out for you. Just don't forget to wipe your feet.
大多数美国人都认为他们是好客之人。尤其是美国的南方人更以款待客人自豪,事实上,"南方的款待"是人们所津津乐道、口口相传的。不过在美国各地,人们都张开双臂欢迎他们的客人,所以当你发现有WELCOME字样的鞋垫时,不要惊讶,只是别忘了把你的脚擦干净就是了.
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下面读文网小编为大家带来关于美国南部旅游情景对话,希望大家喜欢!
Jade: Many professors have described the south of America as a distinct culture of music, cuisine, and easy-going people.
杰德:很多专家把美国南部描述为一个拥有独特音乐、饮食和亲切居民的地方。
Mike: I believe this is the clear definition of the South.
迈克:我觉得这个描述太准确了。
Jade: But the region has been booming in recent years thanks to cities like Atlanta.These cities must be as modernized as in the North.
杰德:不过,最近这些年因为像亚特兰大等这些城市的巨大发展。美国南部也越来越繁荣了。
Mike: Do you know what the most popular event is in the South?
迈克:那你知道美国南部的什么活动是最受欢迎的吗?
Jade: lt says Mardi Gras, New Orleans which is famous for throwing big parties.
杰德:据说是新奥尔良的狂欢节。这里因为举办各种大型的聚会而闻名。
Mike: We should go there. I love big parties.
迈克:我们应该去哪里。我喜欢大型聚会。
Jade: Yeah. I think too. Maybe we can know better about the people in the South.
杰德:我觉得也是。这样我们就可以更了解当地人。
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美利坚合众国(United States of America),简称美国,是由华盛顿哥伦比亚特区、50个州、 和关岛等众多海外领土组成的联邦共和立宪制国家。美国是一个高度发达的资本主义超级大国,其政治、经济、军事、文化、创新等实力领衔全球。因其较为健全的法律制度、健康的生活环境、顶尖的教育资源等,继续吸引着世界各地的人来这里追逐美国梦。下面读文网小编为大家带来关于美国旅游情景对话,希望大家喜欢!
Jack: l have always been dreaming to the Niagara Falls for a long time. Is this included in our plan?
杰克:我一直都想去尼亚加拉大瀑布。这次的旅行计划有这一项吗?
Tim : Yes. I have made that arrangement. I know you will be interested in someplace exciting.
蒂姆:有的。我已经安排了。我知道你一定很喜欢刺激的地方。
Jack: Wow! Thank you very much. The book I read before says that Niagara Falls is a magical place.
杰克:哇!谢谢你。我之前看过的书上说尼亚加拉大瀑布是个很美妙的地方。
Tim: Yes, it is. It is where over 14 million visitors from around the world come to appreciate its beauty.
蒂姆:是的。尼亚加拉大瀑布每年都有1400万世界范围内的游客来欣赏它的惊艳。
Jack: Do you know something about Niagara Falls?
杰克:你对尼亚加拉大瀑布了解吗?
Tim: Yes, a little. Niagara Falls comprises 3 distinct cataracts-American Falls, Veil of the Bride Falls and Horseshoe Falls.
蒂姆:是的,知道一点儿。尼亚加拉大瀑布由3个不同的瀑布组成:美国瀑布、新娘面纱瀑布和马蹄瀑布。
Jack: That place must be very huge.
杰克:那个地方一定很大。
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哈佛大学,简称哈佛。坐落于美国马萨诸塞州剑桥市,是一所享誉世界的私立研究型大学,是著名的常春藤盟校成员,被公认为是当今世界最顶尖的高等教育机构之一。下面读文网小编为大家带来关于哈佛校园生活情景对话,欢迎大家学习!
Li Lei and Han Meimei just met. Now Li Lei is walking Han Meimei home when they
hear someone playing the saxophone.
H: What beautiful music! I love saxophone. I remember you were learning it then.
H:多么动听的音乐呀!我喜欢萨克斯。我记得你那时正在学习萨克斯吧。
L: Yes, but I seldom practice it now because I'm too busy. Speaking of saxophone, do you know Fred Ho?
L:是机但是我现在太忙了很少练习。说到萨克斯,你知道侯维翰吗?.
H: I guess no.
H:不知道.
L: He's a jazz baritone' saxophonist. But his music is a little different as he combines African American music free jazz with traditional Chinese folk music.
L:他是一名爵士乐男中音萨克斯吹奏者。但他的音乐有点不同,因为他融含了美国 黑人音乐爵士乐和传统的中国民俗音乐。
H: Is he Chinese?
H:他是中国人吗?
J: Not exactly, he’s Chinese American. And he has devoted his whole life to fight against discrimination'. He met with much discrimination in his childhood. Like many other Chinese and Asian Americans, he felt a sense of isolation.
L:也不是,他是美籍华人。他的一生都致力于反歧视斗争。童年时候他遭受了很多歧视。像很多其他华裔和亚裔美国人一样,他有一种被孤立的感觉。
H: It was hard for a child. How did he overcome' it?
H:这对孩子来说挺残酷的。他怎么克服的?
L: In high school, he began to give up conforming to Euro-American norm' and to redefine his identity as a Chinese American,
L:高中时候,他幵始放弃遵守欧美规范,重新把 自己的身份定位为美籍华入。
H: I can imagine how many difficulties he had overcome. After all, he was not born in China.
H:我能想象他克服了多少困难,毕竟他没有出生 在中国。
L: Quite right. Yet, he succeeded conquering' all the sufferings and changed the way he thought about himself and others and turned anger and pain into action and power.
L:是呀。但是,他成功地克服了所有苦难,改变 了他以及別人对自己的看法,化悲痛为力量。
H: So, he began to fight for the rights for Chinese Americans through music?
H:所以他就开始通过音乐,为捍卫美籍华人的叔力而斗争吗?
L: Not just for Chinese Americans, but for Asian Americans and even African Americans.He began this eause when he was an undergrad at Harvard.
L:并不只是为美籍华人,而是为了亚商华人,甚至是美国黑人。当他在哈佛大学读 本科的时候开始从事这项事业。
H: He graduated from Harvard?
H:他是从哈佛毕业的?
L: Yes, he's my schoolmate, and is one of the founders of the Harvard-Radcliffe Asian American Association.
L:是的,他是我的校友,也是哈佛拉德克利夫亚裔美国人协会的创立者之一。
H: It’s rare that an artist would care so much about politics.
H:很少见有艺术家这么关心政治的。
L: He studied sociology at Harvard and graduated in 1979. It was not until 1981 that he focused on building a professional career in music.
L:他在哈佛学社会学,1979年毕业。直到1981年他才把音乐当作职业。
H: He's versatile'.
H:真多才多艺的。
L: The association he and other students help found help Asian American students a lot.
L:他和其他学生创立的协会给亚裔美国学生提供了很多帮助。
H: Does it seek equal rights for minorities' with white majority?
H:这个协会为少数族裔谋求和白人一样的平等的权力吗?
L: Just the opposite. The association was founded because the school authority rejected Asian Americans,minority status'.
L:恰怆相反。创立该协会的原因是因为学校不承认亚裔美国人是少数族裔。
H: You confused me. I thought the minorities were supposed to be assimilated into the American society. They will be irritated if they are called Chinese, Japanese, or Korean.
H:你把我弄糊徐了。我认为少数族裔本应该被美国社会所同化。如果叫他们中国人、 日本人或韩国人,他们会被惹怒的。
L: So a lot of Asian Americans are actually in a dilemma'. The whites don’t accept them and they are treated as “majority''officially.
L:所以,实际上许多亚裔美国人处于窘境。白人不接受他们,但官方却称他们是多数 族裔。
H: Jesus', they seem to have no identity.
H:天啊,他们似平设有身份。
L: Thafs why many students like Ho asserted their Asian American identity once and for all,and founded the association to promote Asian American students’ rights and benefits at Harvard .
L:这就是为什么许多像侯维翰这样的学生彻底地坚持他们的亚裔美国人身份,并建 立了这个协会来促进亚裔美国学生在哈佛的权力和利益。
H: It couldn’t be smooth sailing.
H:不可能一帆风顺的。
L: Struggle is never smooth. The good news is that their efforts have paid off.
L:斗争永远都不会顺利的。好消息是他们的努力得到了回报。
H: Is he still fighting for minorities?
H:他仍然在为少数民族奋斗吗?
L; Yes, he devotes his whole life to this cause.
L:是的,他把自己的一生都奉献铪了这项事业。
H: He’s great. He reminds me of Bob Dylan whose songs became anthems for the civil rights and anti-war movements.
H:他很伟大。让人想起了鲍勃·迪伦,鲍勃·迪伦的歌成了民权运动和反战运动的颂歌。
L: Ho may not be that great and influential, but we must know him because he's a great Chinese American.
L:侯维翰可能没有那么伟大,也没那么有影响力,但是我们必须知道他,因为他是 伟大的美籍华人。
H: This is the first time I've heard about him, but I'm very moved by him.
H:这是我第一次听说他,但我很感动。
L: By the way, lie’s gonna perform at New Heaven, Connecticut.
L:顺便说一下,他将在康乃迪克州的新天堂举办演奏会。
H: If only I didn’t have class.
H:要是我没有课就好了。
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下面读文网小编为大家带来生活英语情景对话,欢迎大家学习!
Todd: OK, Yoko!
Todd:洋子!
Yoko: Hi!
Yoko:你好!
Todd: We're going to talk about your trip to America.
Todd:我们来聊聊你在美国的旅行。
Yoko: Trip to America. OK.
Yoko:美国的旅行,好的。
Todd: OK. When did you go to the U.S.?
Todd:你什么时候去的美国?
Yoko: It's about 4 years ago.
Yoko:大约4年前。
Todd: And what did you do?
Todd:你都做了什么?
Yoko: Actually, I went to Michigan and I worked as a volunteer teacher in public school.
Yoko:事实上,我去了密歇根州,在一所公立学校中做志愿者老师。
Todd: OK. What was the public school like?
Todd:那所公立学校怎么样?
Yoko: It was not big, and so it was not big. I don't know how to say that, so what should I say....
Yoko:不大,那所学校不是很大,我不知道怎么说,我该怎么说呢……
Todd: It was just a small school?
Todd:那是一间小学校?
Yoko: Yeah. Small school. So only maybe 200 students I think.
Yoko:是的,一所很小的学校。大概只有200名学生。
Todd: Oh, really!
Todd:真的!
Yoko: Yeah, it was really small.
Yoko:是的,真的很小。
Todd: Wow, that is small.
Todd:哇,很小啊。
Yoko: Yeah, yeah.
Yoko:是的。
Todd: Did you know all the students?
Todd:你认识那儿所有的学生吗?
Yoko: I don't think so. I just visited some classes. Yes.
Yoko:我不这么认为。我只是去了几节课。
Todd: So what did you think of America?
Todd:你对美国有什么看法?
Yoko: I think it is a great country for many people who wants to try new things.
Yoko:我认为美国是一个伟大的国家,在美国,人们想要尝试一些新的东西。
Todd: OK.
Todd:好的。
Yoko: You know, so for example I did not have any special skills to teach, but they let me to work there as a volunteer, and they gave me a great oppurtunity to meet a lot of students, who are really nice I think.
Yoko:例如,我没有教书的特殊技能,但校方允许我作为志愿者在那里工作,他们给了我一个机会去接触那里的学生们,学生们都很友好。
Todd: Ah, OK. I agree. What were your students like?
Todd:哦,好的,我同意。你的学生怎么样?
Yoko: They were really motivated to learn Japanese, but they didn't learn a lot. They just, they just wanted to play with me, from other countries. Who is from, sorry!
Yoko:他们对学习日语很积极,但他们并没有学多少。他们只是想和我玩,和来自其他国家的人玩。
Todd: OK. Do you have any special memories from your trip?
Todd:你对这次美国之旅有没有留下什么特殊的记忆?
Yoko: Yes, I visited lots of places by myself and I was really afraid of speaking English to people there but they tried to understand me, and they helped me a lot and I really think OK, they are lots of people who are nice all over the world.
Yoko:是的。我自己去了很多地方。我真的很害怕和当地人说英语,但他们总是努力地理解我,他们帮了我很多很多,这让我觉得全世界有很多好心人。
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小编为大家整理了美国人打电话常用句子,希望对你有帮助哦!
Hold on. (最常见)
I'll get him, Hold on please.
Hold on, let me see if he is here.
One moment please.
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下面读文网小编为大家带来职场双语阅读:美国何处创业最活跃,希望大家喜欢!
If you want to break the ice at a corporate seasonalparty in America these days, try popping thisrevealing question: which part of the US has the highest proportion of entrepreneurship?
如果你想在最近美国某个企业的季节性派对上打破冷场局面,可以试着问一下这个会暴露真相的问题:美国哪里的创业人士比例最高?
“Silicon Valley” would be a predictable, and understandable, answer. After all, in recentyears, the San Francisco region has been an epicentre of US innovation. Mark Zuckerberg, thefounder of Facebook, seems to epitomise the entrepreneurial dream; particularly since hisrecent announcement that he plans to donate most of his largesse to social causes.
“硅谷”或许是可以预料也可以理解的答案。毕竟,最近几年这个旧金山地区已成为美国创新的核心地带。Facebook创始人马克丠克伯格(Mark Zuckerberg)似乎是创业梦的象征——尤其是自从他最近宣布计划捐出多数财产用于社会慈善事业以来。
But here is a curious little detail of America’s economy today: if you want to understand thereal nature of entrepreneurial activity, do not look to Silicon Valley or Mr Zuckerberg. Thebiggest hotbed of urban entrepreneurship, as measured by the number of small companiesper head, is now New York, not the West Coast, according to research by the KauffmanFoundation, a think-tank. Boston sits in second place in terms of “entrepreneurship”, followedby Providence, Rhode Island. Meanwhile, San Francisco is fourth, just ahead of Miami in Floridaand Portland in Oregon. Main Street is giving the Valley more than a run for its money.
不过,今天的美国经济中却存在一个奇怪的细节:如果你想了解创业活动的真正特点,不要把眼光放在硅谷或扎克伯格身上。根据智库考夫曼基金会(Kauffman Foundation)的研究,以人均小企业数计算,如今城市创业的最大温床是纽约而不是西海岸。以“创业”而言,波士顿位居第二位,排在其后的是罗得岛州的普罗维登斯。同时,旧金山排在第四位,在佛罗里达州的迈阿密和俄勒冈州的波特兰之前。纽约缅街(Main Street)正向硅谷发起严峻挑战。
Geography is not the only surprise. The word “start-up” tends to conjure up images of baby-faced, hoody-wearing youngsters such as Mr Zuckerberg. But the Kauffman data suggest thatthe average age of entrepreneurs and small business owners is far higher — and rising. Peopleaged 45-54 now own 32 per cent of small businesses, the engines of economic activity and jobcreation.
地理位置不是唯一令人惊异之处。“初创”一词往往会让人头脑中浮现出像扎克伯格这样一脸稚气、身穿连帽衫的年轻人形象。然而考夫曼基金会的数据却显示,创业者和小企业主的平均年龄不仅要高得多,而且还在不断上升。32%的小企业由年龄在45岁到54岁之间的人士持有,而小企业正是经济活动和创造就业的发动机。
These middle-aged entrepreneurs are the biggest single cohort among business owners. Thosefollowing on behind, the 20-34 year olds — Mr Zuckerberg’s cohort — own just 16 per cent ofsmall businesses, down from 28 per cent when the series started in 1997. Start-up activityamong the younger cohort is also falling, as it increases among the middle aged. Meanwhile, theeducational qualifications of entrepreneurs is rising: a majority now hold a graduate degree.And immigrants now own 20 per cent of all small businesses, twice the level in 1997.
这些中年创业者是企业主中最大的群体。相比之下,跟随其后的20到34岁群体(扎克伯格所在的群体)只拥有16%的小企业,大大低于1997年该系列调查开始时28%的比例。较年轻群体的创业活动也在减少,而中年人创业活动却在增加。与此同时,创业者的受教育程度也在上升:如今多数人拥有研究生学位。此外,目前外来移民持有所有小企业中的20%,是1997年的两倍。
What accounts for these trends? Data on small business activity in general — andentrepreneurship in particular — are notoriously patchy. However, Kauffman suggests thatthe heavy burden of 猀琀甀搀攀渀琀 debt may be deterring young people from becomingentrepreneurs. The broader ageing of the American population is also affecting the 猀琀愀琀椀猀琀椀挀猀.
对于这些趋势应该如何解释?有关总体的小企业活动的数据(尤其是有关创业活动的数据)是出了名地东拼西凑。不过,考夫曼基金会表示,学生债务的沉重负担也许正在妨碍年轻人走上创业道路。从更大的层面上说,美国人口的老化也在影响这一统计结果。
The more intriguing issue is whether the pattern of older entrepreneurs also reflects thechanging profile of work. Digitisation is wiping out swaths of once-secure middle-classcorporate jobs, tossing out middle-aged employees; indeed, the Oxford Martin school ofbusiness forecasts that half of all US jobs will be replaced by robots in the next two decades.Americans are living longer and their pension provision is shrinking. Some of this middle-agedentrepreneurial activity, in other words, is probably sparked by necessity as much as byactive choice — a consequence of economic insecurity as well as economic freedom.
更有趣的问题是,创业者的高龄化趋势是否也反映了就业模式的变化。数字化正在导致大量曾经很稳定的中产阶级企业工作岗位消失,将中年员工抛出企业。事实上,牛津大学马丁学院(Oxford Martin School)预计,在今后20年内,美国半数工作岗位将由机器人取代。美国人的寿命正在增加,他们的养老金却在缩水。换句话说,这种中年创业活动的一部分既可能是自主选择,也可能是迫不得已——这不仅是经济自由的结果,同样也是经济不稳定的结果。
That, in turn, may have bigger policy implications, particularly given the 爀椀猀椀渀最 level ofincome inequality. One encouraging piece of news in the data is that overall entrepreneurshiprose last year, after declining during the
反过来说,这也许会带来更大的政策上的启示——尤其是考虑到收入不平等的不断加剧。在这些数据中,一个令人鼓舞的消息是,在经历了金融危机期间的下滑之后,去年创业活动总体增加了。但是,它依然低于几十年前的水平。不过,目前美国政策制定者有许多办法可以提高创业活动的水平。
Great Financial Crisis. But it remains below the levels seen a couple of decades ago. There is agreat deal that Amer-ican 瀀漀氀椀挀礀洀愀欀攀爀猀 could do now, however, to raise thoseentrepreneurship levels.
不应该仅仅谈及减轻大企业的税负(这正是华盛顿争论集中的领域),而应该将更多努力用于精简美国噩梦般复杂的小企业税法。医疗保险的提供也应该简化。此外,小企业还需要有更多融资渠道,尤其是因为,2008年后金融改革导致的一个非常不幸的后果是,银行如今非常不愿意为规模较小的企业提供资金。
Instead of just talking about lowering taxes for big corporations (which is where the debate isfocused in Washington), there should be more effort made to streamline America’snightmarishly complex small business tax code. Healthcare provision should also besimplified. Small business also requires a wider range of financing channels, particularly sinceone very unfortunate consequence of the post-2008 financial reforms is that banks are nowvery unwilling to provide funding for smaller companies.
此外,文化上的变革也是必要的。最值得注意的是,美国政策制定者(和选民)需要认识到,不是今天所有成功的创业者都穿着连帽衫,或者沐浴在加利福尼亚州的阳光下。相反,多数人不是这样。为应对传统企业岗位的消失或中产阶级分崩离析的诅咒,想办法提倡和支持较年长的群体创业也将是关键的一步。这也会让经济更加健康,季节性派对的气氛更加轻松愉快。
职场阅读:欧洲各国就业前景排行相关
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下面读文网小编为大家带来旅游英语阅读:美国闹鬼的五大景点,希望大家喜欢!
这家玩具反斗城的闹鬼故事已经被多家电视机报纸媒体报道了。所以这里的闹鬼故事可信度较高。.甚至所有在这里工作的雇员都一致认为的确闹鬼。
闹鬼的故事在几十年前开始。那是这里还是一片农田,这家玩具店也还没建起来。农场里的一名雇工爱上了老板的女儿。但是和电影电视里的经典情节不同。这位白富美没有回应这位屌丝的爱。屌丝眼泪流下来,拿起斧子去砍树泄愤。冲动是魔鬼,他砍脚上了。然后流血至死。安息吧……斧子不是你想玩,想玩就能玩的。
这位小伙没有安息,他在玩具反斗城里漫游。还好,他并没有像电影里面的情节,四处拿斧子砍人。他满足于玩玩具和人。很典型的事就是在早上店开门的时候,一颗球从货架之间弹走。或者货架上的货物被搞得很乱。或者有人一个人在卫生间里听到有人一进门就打开水龙头。这说明这位小伙是一个变态加洁癖,或者就是帮你打开水龙头而已。新时代的雷锋啊。
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小编为大家整理美国的银行业系统介绍,希望对你有帮助哦!
Several of the characteristics of American banking just discussed carry over into today's commercial banking system. Prominent among these is the dual-chartering system; that is, we continue to have commercial bank charters issued at two different levels of government. National banks receive their charters from the Comptroller of Currency~. Any national bank must have somewhere in its corporate title the word "national". Thus, for example, "Wells Fargo Bank, National Association" indicates that this bank has a federal charter. All national banks must be members of the Federal Reserve System.
Most banks, however, receive their charters from the appropriate agency of their respective state. They are under the supervision of their state's banking authority. However, state-chartered commercial banks may elect to become members of the Federal Reserve System, but this not mandatory for them as it is for national banks. If state-chartered banks~ elect membership in the Federal Reserve System, they come under the supervision of two banking authorities, state and national.
Thus, the American commercial banking system is comprised of two types of banks: the member banks of the Federal Reserve System which are national banks and those state-chartered banks electing membership; and nonmember state-chartered banks. Today' s banking system in the United States is comprised of more than 14,000 individual banks. Of this number, well under 50 percent are member banks of the Federal Reserve System——only 5,788 commercial banks out of a total of 14,633, or roughly 40 percent. These member banks, however, commanded the largest share of commercial banks resources, about three-fourths as of June 30, 1976. They held over three-fourths of deposits subject to check, $202,144 million as of the same date, which represented some 67 percent of our total money supply.
Although the national banks did~ continue a considerable advance in American commercial banking development, they also brought with them disadvantages. Their improvements included the establishment of a safe, uniform currency and a reduction in the number of commercial bank failures through strengthening due to more conservative standards of regulation and examination. There also developed a measure of correspondent banking relations through the provision for regarding, deposits in reserve city and central reserve city banks as reserves. But this last feature also was the System's greatest weakness. The National Bank System provided for the concentration go existing reserves into the city banks, but no provision was made for the creation of new reserves when necessary.
In our discussion, these two characteristics of present-day commercial banks will be in the forefront of much of our analysis: First, commercial banks create deposit liabilities against themselves, instead of note issue as the early banks did; and second, commercial banks today hold a wide variety of earning assets, not just short-term, self-liquidating loans~. One thing, however, continues to be just as true today as it was in the days of the banker: creation of money occurs when two opposite transactions take place simultaneously between the commercial bank and the customer~ The commercial bank increases its debt to the customer, and the customer puts himself into debt to the bank by the same amount. This simultaneous exchange of liabilities is significant because one of the debts created——the demand deposit liability——is money while the other-the loan——earns income for the bank.
美国的银行体系
自1782年美国第一家银行——北美银行(Bank.fNorthAmerica)成立以来,美国金融业经过长达200多年的发展,目前已形成了一个以商业银行为主,包括中央银行、储蓄机构、投资银行和政府专业性银行在内的庞大体系。
一、美国的联邦储备体系(Federal Reserve System)
联邦储备体系,即美国的中央银行。它是根据1913年12月23日美国总统威尔逊签署的联邦储备法而建.立起来的,简称联储(FED)。
联储的组成包括以下几部分:(1)联邦储备银行。联邦储备银行共有12家,分别设在波士顿、纽约、费城、克利夫兰、里土满、亚特兰大、芝加哥、圣·路易斯、明尼阿波利斯、堪萨斯、达拉斯和旧金山。它们在各自负责的地区执行中央银行的职能。除以上12家联邦储备银行外,凡根据联邦法律在联邦注册成立的国民银行都必须参加联邦储备体系,成为成员银行。其他根据各州法律在州政府注册成立的银行,如符合条件并愿意参加联邦储备体系的,则可自愿申请加入。(2)联邦储备委员会。联邦储备委员会(FRB)设在首都华盛顿,由7名理事组成,负责管理整个联邦储备体系。理事会成员和主席均由总统任命。该委员会负责制定有关法律规则并监督其实施,制定和审查批准储备金要求、存款最高利率及贴现率等。(3)联邦公开市场委员会。联邦公开市场委员会负责制定联储的短期货币政策,由12名成员组成,包括联储委员会理事及部分联储银行行长。该委员会所制定的货币政策通过设在纽约联储银行的公开市场桌(Open Market Desk),在一个称之为“公开市场帐户”的特殊帐户买卖美国政府和联邦机构的债券及承兑银行票据来实现。(4)联邦咨询委员会。联邦咨询委员会由每个联邦储备区选派一名成员组成,是一个政策咨询和建议机构。
美国联邦储备体系的特点在于:(1)联储体系不是由联邦政府控制,而是由12个地区联储银行和联储委员会共同执行中央银行职能。(2)联储体系由成员银行共同拥有,而不是由联邦政府所有,其性质是私有的,具有很强的独立性,在制定和执行货币政策时不需要得到政府和国会的批准。
二、美国的商业银行体系
商业银行是美国银行体系的中坚力量。多年来,美国的商业银行体系形成了其独特的形式,主要有以下几方面特点: .
1.双轨银行制度
按对商业银行的管血体制划分,美国的商业银行可分为在联邦政府注册的国民银行和在州政府注册的州立银行两种,这就是美国独特的双轨银行制度。国民银行必须是联邦储备体系的成员银行,受财政部货币总监、联储和联邦存款保险公司的监督管理。州银行则不一定要参加联储及联邦存款保险公司。
长期以来,美国的商业银行总数一直保持在1万家以上。其中国民银行占50%左右。但国民银行中有许多是实力雄厚的大银行,如花旗银行(City Bank)、大通银行(Chase Manhattan Bank)、美洲银行(Bank of American)等等。这些银行也是美国主要的国际性大银行。
2.单一银行制度
单一银行制度是在三十年代世界性经济危机后在美国实行的,其目的是为了保证银行经营的安全性。单一银行制度的内容是不允许银行跨州设立分支机构,同时商业银行也不能经营投资银行业务。因此美国商业银行的经营无论是在地域范围还是业务范围上都受到很大限制。
80年代以来,金融自由化的浪潮遍及全球,美国的单一银行制度也受到了很大冲击,商业银行纷纷要求放松这方面的限制以适应日趋激烈'的竞争,有关法律已有所松动,美国商业银行的经营的自由度正在逐步扩大。
3.联邦存款保险公司
美国的联邦存款保险公司是根据1933年的银行法令建立起来的。根据有关法律规定,各银行要向联邦存款保险公司缴纳保险基金,而联邦存款保险公司有责任在投保银行倒闭时保证存款人的财产不致受到损失。此外,该公司还拥有检查监督的权力,成为会员银行的后盾。
三、其他金融机构
除商业银行外,美国还有其他一些金融机构,主要有以下几类:
1.储蓄机构。储蓄机构不是银行,但是能够向商业银行一样吸收存款,并把它作为主要资金来源。储蓄机构的资金原来主要投资于消费领域,但自80年代以来,大量转向其他领域。
储蓄机构主要可分为三类:(1)储贷机构。储贷机构是在联邦或州注册的金融机构,按照法律规定,这些机构的贷款必须大部分用于住房抵押贷款,其管理机构为联邦住宅贷款银行董事会和联邦储蓄和贷款保险公司。储贷机构又可分为合作社和股份公司两种形式。(2)互助储蓄银行。互助储蓄银行是由存款者所拥有的合作存款金融机构。其管理由一个受托人委员会(理事会)任命的管理人员负责。互助储蓄银行的资产主要投放于抵押贷款和抵押贷款证券上,也有相当比重投放于政府证券、公司债券和其他贷款上。(3)信用社。信用社为非盈利性酌合作金融机构,为会员提供个人贷款等银行服务。信用社由会员选出董事会,其他管理人员则由董事会任命。信用社成员必须由有一定联系的人员(如同一公司工作的员工)组成。
2.投资机构。美国的投资机构主要包括以下几类:(1)投资银行公司。美国的投资银行业十分发达,有许多世界著名的投资公司,如美林公司、摩根·斯坦利公司、所罗门兄弟公司等。投资银行公司的基本业务有四类:承购包瘸薪发行证券;经纪和交易;资金管理;其他收费业务。(2)证券经纪与交易公司。这些公司的资产以短期存款和证券、证券信贷(向客户提供购买证券的信贷)和公司股票为主。这些公司又可分为经纪公司和交易公司两种类型。(3)货币市场合作基金,也称货币市场基金,是一种合作基金形式的投资公司,其股票不在市场挂牌,在证券与交易委员会注册。(4)其他投资公司,包括固定信托投资公司、封闭式基金和小企业开发公司等。
3.保险公司。保险公司服务的基本作用是在计划和活动方面给企业和个人提供更高的确定性。为了提供保险,保险公司要持有大量资产。这些资产的持有和现金的流人与流出使保险公司能够起到把资金从一个部门转移到另一个部门的作用,因此也属于金融机构的范畴。保险公司按照业务性质可分为人寿保险公司和财产保险公司两类;按照组织形式又可分为股份公司和合作公司。
除此以外,美国的金融机构还包括财务公司、抵押贷款公司、房地产投资信托公司、金融服务公司等,这些金融机构在美国的金融体系中同样发挥着重要作用。
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旧金山(San Francisco),又译“三藩市”、“圣弗朗西斯科”,美国加利福尼亚州太平洋沿岸港口城市,世界著名旅游胜地、加州(人口)第四大城市。旧金山临近世界著名高新技术产业区 硅谷(Silicon Valley),是世界最重要的高新技术研发基地和美国西部重要的金融中心。旧金山是一个度假的天堂。文史景观赏心悦目,餐馆佳肴令人惊喜,大饭店的富丽超乎想象。游客所期望的美国大城市中的戏剧表演和体育运动,这里也应有尽有。旧金山的最强音是移民们迸发出的热情,这是一个令人陶醉的文化混合体。下面读文网小编为大家带来旅游英语之美国旧金山英语简介,欢迎大家阅读!
the golden gate bridge is one of the most recognizable landmarks in the world.
even people who hate the usa love san francisco. it has an atmosphere of genteel (彬彬有礼的;有教养的)chic(高尚、别致) mixed with offbeat(不跟随时尚主流的;非传统的;特异的)innovation, and a selfeffacing(自我谦逊的)quality so blatantly missing from new york and la.
one of the usa's most attractive cities, san francisco's hilly streets provide some gorgeous glimpses of the san francisco bay and its famous bridges. this is a mosaic(马赛克式的东西)of a city, a big picture made from the colorful tiles of bustling chinatown, gay castro (旧金山一著名同性恋社区)and faux-hemian(法语词,故意表现得质朴童稚的)north beach.
san francisco covers the tip of a 30mi (50km) peninsula (半岛) in northern california, with the pacific ocean on its western side and the san francisco bay to the north and east. san francisco is just one of many cities in the bay area; others include oakland (east across the bay bridge), berkeley (just north of oakland) and san jose (an hour's drive southeast of san francisco, near the southern tip of the bay)。 marin county and the wine country lie to the north, across the golden gate bridge.
a newly restored street car on market street
the most touristed part of the city resembles a slice of pie, with van ness ave and market st making the two sides and the embarcadero the round edge of the pie. the steaming toppings of this homebaked slice are the classy shops around union square, the highrise financial district, the classy civic center, the down-and-out but up-and-coming tenderloin, swanky(华丽的) nob hill and russian hill, chinatown, north beach and the epicenter of tourist kitsch, fisherman's wharf(渔人码头)。 to the south of market st lies soma, an upwardly mobile warehouse zone of clubs and bars that fades in the southwest into the mission - the city's latino quarter - and then the castro, the center of gay life.
making a circuit of the 49-mile drive is a good way to check out almost all of the city's highlights(最有意思或精彩的部分)。 the route is well posted with instantly recognizable seagull signs, but a map and an alert navigator are essential. do yourself a favor and allow a whole day to complete the circuit.
greyhound is the only regular long-distance bus company operating to the city - all bus services arrive and depart at the transbay terminal in soma. amtrak's rail network connects the bay area with the rest of the continental us and canada. its main stations are in oakland and emeryville, both in the east bay. caltrain links san francisco with the peninsula and san jose; its depot is in soma.
旧金山坐落于加利福尼亚州西北部,美国西海岸中点,是太平洋沿岸仅次于洛杉矶的第二大港市,是加利福尼亚州的第三大城市。面积119平方公里,人口75万,是美国的第12位。大市区包括附近4个县和奥克兰、伯克利等城镇,面积7475平方公里。城市三面环海,座落在宽不足10公里的半岛北端,介于太平洋和圣弗朗西斯科湾之间,北临金门海峡。市域内丘陵起伏,有双峰山、戴维森山,最著名者为诺布山;沿海地带较为平坦。南流的萨克拉门托河和北流的圣华金河在城市附近汇合后,向西注入圣弗朗西斯科湾。
旧金山1776年为西班牙移民拓居地。1806年俄国在此设哨所,作为当时阿拉斯加的物资供应站。1821年属墨西哥。1846年在墨西哥战争中被美国人所夺取,并于1847年正式改名为旧金山,当时还只是一个居民490多人的小镇。1848年附近地区发现金矿,大批淘金者涌入,包括第一批中国"契约劳工"。1850年设市时,人口已增至2.5万人,成为贸易和为矿业服务的中心,附近地区的农业也有所发展。18邱年后随着横贯大陆铁路的通达和港区设施的逐步完善,城市迅速发展。1880年后开始向海湾以东地区扩展,形成若干卫星城镇,19世纪末,人口已达34万。1906年大地震时全城80%建筑被毁,后迅速重建。1914年巴拿马运河通航,港口日益繁荣,贸易量激增。第二次世界大战中,为军需物资的重要供应站。战后,工、商、金融、旅游服务业和市政建设均有较大发展,大市区由单一中心扩展为由旧金山、海湾东区(奥克兰)和圣何塞三大中心组成的城镇群。
旧金山居民民族构成复杂,其中非白种人约占总人口2/5以上,以黑人、华人、日本人、菲律宾人居多。来自世界各地的移民分区而居,形成语言文化、风俗习惯和宗教礼仪迥异的社区。如市中心黑人聚居的菲尔莫尔区,华人集中的"中国城",以及小大胶区(日本人)、卡尼区(菲律宾人)、北滩拉丁区(意大利人)、俄罗斯山区(墨西哥人)、萨特里-菲尔莫尔区(俄罗斯人)等。
旧金山是美国最有特色的城市之一,城区中心街道呈格子状向东西、南北伸展。住宅区房屋密集程度很高。马基特大街为最繁华的商业街,从市中心伸向城东北隅山腰;金门路一带高层建筑林立;蒙哥马利街及其附近地区为金融区,有"西部华尔街"之称,高52层的美洲银行大厦就耸立在这里。城东北部为主要住宅区,房屋盘山而建,街道迂回曲折,坡度较大,使用独特的交通工具缆车。伯克利为大学城,有加利福尼亚大学和各种科研机构。公共图书馆系统规模很大,并多教堂、剧院。滨海山城的优美景色,丰富多采的风情,以及金门公园、水上世界公园、海滩、电报山等旅游点,每年吸引数以百万计的游客。
旧金山的气候一年都是象春天一样的温暖,平均气温是20℃左右,在冬天也可以穿单衣到处游览。夏天潮气不大所以非常的舒服。因海风大的缘故,出门时应多带一件衣服。除了冬天这里一般不会下雨,晚上形成的浓雾早上就会全部消失。
旧金山相关
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迈阿密(Miami)是佛罗里达州第二大城市,位于佛罗里达半岛比斯坎湾。迈阿密是国际性的大都市,在金融、商业、媒体、娱乐、艺术和国际贸易等方面拥有重要的地位,也是许多公司、银行和电视台的总部所在。是文化的大熔炉,受庞大的拉丁美洲族群和加勒比海岛国居民的影响很大,与北美洲、南美洲、中美洲以及加勒比海地区在文化和语言上关系密切,因此有时还被称为“美洲的首都”。下面读文网小编为大家带来旅游英语之美国迈阿密英语简介,欢迎大家阅读!
it used to be called ‘god's waiting room'. and even today, if you mention miami to someone who hasn't been here or read about it lately, they might conjure up(回忆)a blurry memory of octogenarians(八十多岁)mingling poolside(游泳池边)while aunt sadie implored them to wait half an hour after eating before going into the water. today the old folks mingle with fashion designers, bikini(比基尼泳装)models, and a city that once had the highest murder rate in the us attracts more than 11 million tourists a year.
the greater miami area, which includes miami and miami beach as well as distinctive neighborhoods like little havana and little haiti, is a melting pot that america's founding fathers would be proud of. half of miami's population is hispanic(美籍西班牙人), and its immigrant communities focus on what's happening in havana or caracas(加拉加斯,委内瑞拉首都)as much as they follow events in washington dc, giving the city an international outlook. for the casual visitor this means a city peppered with the flavors of latin american food, language, music, politics and spirit.
miami is the most populated city in florida. it sits at the southeastern tip of the florida, the most southeastern state of the united states, bordered by the atlantic ocean to the east, the gulf of mexico to the west and the neighboring states of alabama and georgia to the north.
most visitors aren't here for miami itself, but rather to visit miami beach, an entirely separate municipality. miami is on the mainland, while the city of miami beach is on a thin barrier island about 4 miles east, across biscayne bay(比斯坎湾) - locals call it the billion dollar sandbar(十亿美元的沙坝)。 many of the beach's locals are imports from new york, people tired of sitting through five hours of snarled traffic on their way to the hamptons, who decided that miami beach made a lot more sense. they brought with them a fledgling art and culture crowd whose numbers included many younger artists.
the boundaries of ‘season' in miami - which used to be limited to winter - have been blurred by the huge number of people moving to the area and the stampede(蜂拥)of fashion and film shoots. but the most popular time to come here is still between december and may, when temperatures average between 16-30°c, and average rainfall is a scant couple of inches.
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中国饮食文化可以从时代与技法、地域与经济、民族与宗教、食品与食具、消费与层次、民俗与功能等多种角度进行分类,展示出不同的文化品味。那么你知道饮食文化用英语怎么说吗?下面读文网小编为大家带来饮食文化的英语说法,供大家学习。
1. Peng lai xian Hotel Survey Fresh classical North - South . Whose food culture trend.
蓬莱仙大酒店汇集 南北 经典名食, 引领饮食文化潮流.
2. To banana leaves, eat, see, feel, is a natural food culture!
去蕉叶, 吃的, 看到的, 感受到的, 是一种自然流露的饮食文化!
3. Quite. China is a country with a splendid catering culture.
没错, 中国是个饮食文化非常丰富的国家.
4. Today, Romeo is going to find out the best of tasting crab.
今天, 罗密欧将带我们深入认识有关于蟹的饮食文化.
5. In cooking culture, the local snack has representativeness most.
在饮食文化中, 地方小吃最具有代表性.
6. Many changes are taking place in China's diet style.
中国的饮食文化具有悠久的历史.
7. As a form of material culture, catering culture is all - embracing field.
饮食文化属于物质文化, 是最为基础的文化类型,广泛地渗透于人类生活的方方面面.
8. A long history, deep inside the long unique food culture in Handan.
悠久的历史, 深厚的底蕴早就了邯郸独特的饮食文化.
9. Here are some differences between American and Chinese dining cultures.
以下是中美饮食文化之间的一些差异.
10. Chinese cooking culture aa remote source with its content accumulated in various ancient classics.
中国的饮食文化源远流长,其内容积淀在各类典籍之中.
11. The diet culture also praises of cultural relations Central Africa language culture important components.
饮食文化也是夸文化交际中非语言文化重要组成部分之一.
12. As a carrier of culture, jiao zi is typical of traditional Chinese cuisine culture.
作为一个文化的载体, 饺子是中国传统饮食文化的象征.
13. Cross - cultural communication under the globalized situation make various constant complementation and compatibility of cooking culture.
全球化态势下的 跨 文化交际使得多样的饮食文化不断的互补与兼容.
14. Chaoshan food culture develop own school, the name loud time nation - wide of tide vegetable.
汕头的饮食文化独树一帜, 潮菜的名字响遍全国.
15. This paper first gives an introduction about the Chinese and Western food culture.
本文首先给出了一个关于中国和西方饮食文化的介绍.
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