为您找到与美国文化与中国文化的差异表现相关的共200个结果:
美国式饮食不讲究精细,追求快捷方便,也不奢华,比较大众化。一日三餐都比较随便。有可能都把时间放在工作上了。那么,美国的饮食文化还有什么特点呢?
早餐以面包、牛奶、鸡蛋、果汁、麦片、咖啡、香肠等为主。午餐一般在工作地点用快餐(快餐是典型的美国饮食文化,十分普及),一般有三明治、水果、咖啡、汉堡包、热狗等。晚餐是正餐,比较丰盛,有一二道菜,如牛排、猪排、烤肉、炸鸡等,配面包、黄油、青菜、水果、点心等。也有不少人上餐馆用晚餐。美国餐馆很多,一般供应自助餐、快餐、特餐(固定份饭)、全餐等各种形式的餐饮,价格一般比较低廉,也可点菜,点菜价格最高。早餐一般在8时左右,午餐一般在12时-14时,晚餐一般在18时左右。他们在临睡前有吃点心的习惯,成人以水果、糖果为主,孩子则食用牛奶和小甜饼。美国人的口味比较清淡,喜欢吃生、冷食品,如凉抖菜、嫩肉排等,热汤也不烫。菜肴的味道一般是咸中带点甜。煎、炸、炒、烤为主要烹调方式,不用红烧、蒸等方式。以肉、鱼、蔬菜为主食,面包、面条、米饭是副食。甜食有蛋糕、家常小馅饼、冰淇淋等。他们喜欢吃青豆、菜心、豆苗、刀豆、蘑菇等蔬菜。所用肉类都先剔除骨头,鱼去头尾和骨刺,虾蟹去壳。
美国人喜欢吃糖醋鱼、咕噜肉、炸牛肉、炸牛排、炸猪排、烤鸡、炸仔鸡等肉食菜品,爱用冰水、矿泉水、可口可乐、啤酒、威士忌、白兰地等饮料,喜欢在饮料中加冰块,不喜欢饮茶。饭前以蕃茄汁、橙汁等作为开胃饮料,吃饭时习惯饮用啤酒、葡萄酒、汽水等饮料,饭后则喝咖啡,很少喝烈性酒。美国人不爱吃猪蹄、鸡爪、海参、动物内脏、肥肉等。烹饪时不放调料,调料放在餐桌上自取,有酱油、醋、味精、胡椒粉、辣椒粉等。部分美国人喜欢吃蚯蚓、罐头、饼干。制作凉菜时,一般用色拉油、沙司作调料。不少人喜欢吃我国的粤菜、川菜以及甜酱、蚝油、海鲜酱等。喜欢用威士忌、杜松子酒、伏特加等生酒混合调制鸡尾酒。
1.美国特色快餐的小知识:
国内的人对KFC, Macdonald, Pizza hut早已不再生疏。这些闻名的快餐店在美国也是遍布大街小巷。除此之外还有许多中国人不太熟悉的,你也不妨一尝:
1、Burger King:专卖汉堡,牛肉层比麦当劳的厚,不过有人认为味道不如麦当劳,你要来亲自试试才知呀。值得一提的是,Burger King的早餐中有个叫croissantwich的,味道非常可口。
2、Taco Bell: Mexico food:在美国非常闻名,很多人爱吃。不过品味不一定适合中国人。
3、Arby:专营汉堡。比麦当劳, burger king稍贵,但味道独特,不妨一试。
4、Wendys:专营汉堡。跟麦当劳差不多。
5、Subway:你可不要误以为是地铁站!其实它是专卖sandwich的。以清洁著称,味道也很好。
下面再介绍一下快餐店里的绘话。其实在快餐店里店员一共就那么几句话。一进去,排队。排到你店员会问你:“for here or to go?"意思是问:是在这里吃还是带走?假如在店里吃,就是”for here",否则就是"to go"。然后一般要问"what kind of drink",你喜欢哪个就点哪个了。由于drink都很贵,所以不如要免费的“water”实惠。另外,在KFC,还要多说一点,就是店员一般会问你:“original or crispy?"这是两种不同的口味。一般crispy会比较对中国人的胃口。薯条叫“french fries",番茄酱叫”ketchup",这些快餐店常见的单词你一定要懂得。
在美国街上,buffet很多。想填饱肚子是很方便的。假如太忙或不方便上街还可以打电话叫外卖,一般pizza店都有delivery的。喜欢吃美式薯条的人一定不讨厌这一道前菜,薯皮又香又脆。美味的关键还在于中间那一盅酸忌廉汁,牛油的香味中掺杂着清新的酸味,既开胃又解腻。
以新鲜的椰汁混合咖喱粉烹制,整个过程不加一滴水,鸡肉酥嫩入味。传统的美国吃法还要以蒜蓉包将浓浓的汤汁蘸到一滴不剩。
浏览量:1
下载量:0
时间:
美国式饮食不讲究精细,追求快捷方便,和中国的饮食文化有很大的差异。一下是读文网小编给大家带来中国与美国饮食文化差异介绍,以供大家参阅!
十一、美国人餐后习惯加一份甜食,而中国人餐后习惯食水果。
杯子蛋糕(Cupcake)水果当然比甜食有益,但中国人又往往餐后水果再加甜食,尤其是宴席上。不少营养学家认为餐前用水果比餐后有益。
十二、中国人往往餐后饮一杯热茶,而美国人餐后却爱饮咖啡。茶能降低胆固醇,而咖啡却会提高血脂且刺激心脏。有营养学家指出餐后半小时左右饮用热茶将更能发挥其降低胆固醇和助消化的作用。
十三、美国人已意识到被称为“红肉”的牛肉、马肉和羊肉等是导致结肠癌和前列腺癌的病因之一,亦意识到红肉的脂肪也是前列腺癌及心脏病的致病因素之一,注意到一周吃一次红肉。中国的不少报刊也多次报道过红肉的问题,但中国人却未能引起到足够的重视。
十四、中国人普遍都喜欢豆浆、豆腐等豆制品,它不仅保持了大豆的营养,且养分更易于人体吸收,其蛋白质的消化吸收率高达92%—96%,享有“植物肉”的美称。而美国人对豆腐至今没有兴趣。
十五、美国人习惯于分餐制,而中国人大多合餐。
十六、中国人炒菜时多用大火,因而油烟多,加上多不注意厨房的通风设备;而美国人不爱用大火炝锅,且厨房通风条件相当注意。因而烹饪人员及家庭主妇中患肺癌率中国人明显高于美国人。
十七、中国人尤其是广东人特别爱饮汤,且汤的烹制上有煲、炖、滚、羹等多种形式,材料上除果蔬、禽肉、海河鲜、干货还有特有的中药材甚至野菜,无论对佐餐、养生、辅助治疗疾病都十分有助。而美国人的汤品却比较单调。
十八、中国人爱吃熟菜,美国人爱吃生菜。生菜比熟菜有营养,但须无污染
十九、中国菜着重色、香、味,西餐讲究实惠。
看过中国与美国饮食文化差异介绍
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
许多计划美国留学的同学总会烦恼一件事,那就是看病的问题。因为众所周知,在美国看病是件麻烦事儿。中国留学生在美国应该怎么看病?应该如何省着看病?看病时又要注意些什么呢?
方法/步骤
a.假如你是新病人,护士会检查你的身高体重体温血压等,取得你的基础数据。假如需要脱衣服,护士会指导你该怎样准备,穿上罩衣,等候医生。
b.你必须告诉医生你有什么不舒服。你大概有15分钟的时间看医生。医生需要这个时间给你一个诊断和需要的治疗方案,并解答你的疑问。所以建议在来之前请把你的问题写在纸上,以免忘记,使你的病症和问题在有限的时间里得到最好的处理和回答。遇到你不懂的病名和药名,你可以要求医生用通俗的话解释或写下来给你。
c.你服用的药品种类。带一个药品清单,包括一次服几片和多长时间一次。或带来药瓶说明情况。如你服用的是中国药品,你必须带来它的英文名字。
d.带病历。如果你在以前的医生那里有一个检验结果和病历,请把它带来。另外,你需要提供药物过敏名字。
e.如你有多项身体问题,一次选择三个最重要的,并排好优先次序。一般来说,你有三个以上的病情,医生会让你预约另一时间。
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
下面是读文网小编整理的美国文化的知识普及,欢迎大家阅读!
国玺是一个国家的主要象征之一。只有特定的国家重要文件才能盖上国玺大印,正式生效。
美国国玺的图案是:外围为两个同心圆,内有一只美国秃鹰雄踞中央,双翼展开,右爪握一束橄榄枝,左爪握13支利箭,尖喙中叼着一条飘带,上书“合众为一”。秃鹰的胸前是一枚盾形纹章,纹章上部是蓝色横纹,下部是红白相间的竖纹,象征美国国旗。秃鹰的上方是蓝色天空中13颗星,四周光芒万道,环绕着云朵组成的图案。
美国秃鹰象征着至高无上的统治权;橄榄枝和箭象征决定和平与战争的权力;群星象征着拥有主权的新生共和国。
美国秃鹰的正式名称是白头海雕,是美国的国鸟,今天已经成为了美国的象征。
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
各个国家的文化都存在差异,有时候难免会产生误解,下面是读文网小编整理的中国人对美国文化的14大误解,欢迎大家阅读!
美国确实有过贩卖黑奴及种族歧视的不光彩历史,这是美国历史上的耻辱。但是,这也是美国人的荣耀所在,因为美国人通过自己百年奋斗已经解决了不人道的黑奴问题,而且也基本上解决了种族以及其他各类歧视。
当然思想上存在歧视黑人者肯定还有,但他绝对不可以在言行上表露出来,在政府和法律层面并不存在歧视问题。在美国各种歧视是非常严重的罪行。
在美国求职招聘,不能过问性别、不能过问年龄、不能过问籍贯、不过问家庭情况(包括是否已婚,是否有孩子)更不可把肤色、种族、民族作为招聘的条件。否则,就有歧视嫌疑,除非你能够说明这份工作非某类人做不可,否则就要被告上法庭,以涉嫌歧视罪被起诉。
可以说,在这个世界上美国是种族与民族最多的国家,也是各种族、民族,不同文化背景的人相处最和谐的国家。一个白人占70%的美国,黑人可以当总统,而且能连任,这样的国家还存在种族歧视?
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
在开放的现代社会,跨文化的言语交际显得愈发重要,已经成为现代交际中引人注目的一个特点。交际中的文化差异随处可见,言语环境中的文化因素受到普遍重视。下面是英汉文化中十大常见差异。
中国人打招呼,一般都以对方处境或动向为思维出发点。如:
您去哪里?
您是上班还是下班?
而西方人往往认为这些纯属个人私事,不能随便问。所以他们见面打招呼总是说:
Hi/Hello!
Good morning/afternoon/evening/night!
How are you?
It's a lovely day,isn't it?
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
手势 “V”掌 心向外, 竖起食指和中指, 并向两边展开, 这样就构成了一个V 形手势。V形手势在美国文化中有三个不同的含义。
V形手势最为普及的一个意思是在1941 年由比利时人维克托· 德· 拉维雷创造发明的。他伸出双指, 作出字母V的手势来表示他对纳粹占领比利时的反抗。这个V 不仅代表他的名字, 而且还象征英语victory ( 胜利) 、佛兰芒语virijheid( 胜利) 和法语victoire ( 胜利) 这三个单词。这一手势的象征意义迅速地传播开来, 温斯顿· 邱吉尔在公众场合就曾多次使用。因此, 在20 世纪40 年代和50 年代, 这个手势只是表示“ 胜利”的意思。
The most popular meaning of the "V" sign was invented in 1941 by a Belgian, Victor De Lavalaye. Wanting a symbol for resistance to the Nazi occupation, he came up with the single letter "V", which stood not only for his own first name, but also for English victory, Flemish virijheid, and French victoire. The symbolism of the sign spread very quickly, and Winston Churchill used it constantly in public appearance. Thus throughout the 1940s and 1950s, the gesture meant simply "victory".
V 形手势的第二个意思出现在20世纪60年代。由于这个手势含有军事方面的意思,美国反战者就讽刺性地用这个手势来反对战争, 于是, 这个手势开始被称为“ 和平的标志”。20世纪70年代, V 形手势失去了军事方面的含义, 成为热爱自由的人、嗜用迷幻药的人、政治激进主义 者们见面问候时常用的手势, 并最终在广大年轻人流传开来。也就是说, 大约到20 世纪70 年代中期, 这个手势就不再表示使用者的人生观了。
The second meaning came in the 1960s. Because of its military implication, American antiwar protestors used the sign sarcastically against the arms, so that it became known as the "peace sign". In the 1970s, the "V" sign, which had lost its military implication, was a common greeting among freedom lovers, acid heads, political radicals, and ultimately, young people in general. So by about the middle of the 1970s, it ceased to give clue to the user's philosophy.
V 形手势的第三个意思最为古老, 也少为人用。【在集体照相的时候, 美国孩子常开玩笑地在朋友的脑袋后面摆出手势V, 样子就像动物的角一样。】 他们无意中做出了一个被南欧人视为相当无礼的动作。这种被称作“ 魔鬼之角”的恶作剧是欧洲“ 角形”手势的变体,这种手势被认为具有淫秽的意味。在南欧, 手势V 表示“ 你的老婆对你不 忠”。在别人脑袋后面做出这种手势, 如同在说“ 他的老婆对他不忠”。
The third meaning is the oldest and least common. American children jokingly put "V", which resembles "horns", behind friends' heads in group snapshot. They are unknowingly reproducing something that southern Europeans would find highly offensive. This mischief, called "horns of the Devil", is a variant of the European "horns" gesture, which is obscene. Here the "V" sign means "Your wife has been cheating on you" or, when placed behind another's head, "His wife has been cheating on him.
在美国, 人们通常将掌心向外, 面向对方做出这个手势; 而英国人有时将掌心对着别人, 有时则像前人那样, 掌心向内。掌心向内的V 形手势在美国文化里被看成是下流动作, 与美国人竖起中指一样具有淫秽的含义。1941 年, 邱吉尔掌心朝内, 向英国军队摆出了V 形手势。一些士兵吃惊地盯着他看, 显然他对这个手势的下流含义还全然不知。如今, 在英国, 如果你还不知道掌心向内和向外的差别的话, 你一定是个不问世事的隐士。然而, 令人惊讶的是, 玛格丽特· 撒切尔在赢得1979年的选举之后, 又重蹈邱吉尔的覆辙, 做了一个掌心向内的V 形手势。
In the United States, the gesture is typically given with the palm facing the viewer. The British use both this version and an older, palm-backward version; the latter is obscene in American culture, and corresponds to the American "finger". Churchill got some surprised stares in 1941 when, evidently unaware of the vulgar usage, he gave the palm-backward "V" to British troops. In England today you could have to be a social hermit not to understand the distinction. Astonishingly, however, Margaret Thatcher repeated Churchill's error after her victory in the 1979 election.
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
下面是读文网小编整理的美国人的饮食文化,欢迎大家阅读!
American menus can look rather confusing at first sight, for they may use some terms which are unfamiliar to most vistors. Here are some points which may be useful.
Fried mushrooms, fried onion rings (洋葱圈) and fried zucchini (小胡瓜) are sometimes served as starters (第一道菜).
Potatoes most often come "French-fried" or baked. If you order a baked potato, the waiter will ask you what you want on it. The choice is butter and/or sour cream and sometimes chives (细香葱).
Very often vegetables do not come automatically with the meal, and you have to pay extra for them.
"Scrod" (小鳕鱼), "red snapper" (啮龟) and "mahi hahi" are all name of fish. "Seafood"means lobster (龙虾), shellfish and fish, including,funnily enough, freshwater fish! Prawns (对虾) are known as "shrimp".
American beef is usually good and often wonderful.
American salt and pepper (糊椒粉) pots are confusing until you realize that the salt pot may look like a pepper pot except that the salt pot's holes are bigger. Pepper is normally black rather than white. American mustard (芥末) is mild and normally eaten with hot dogs or hamburgers rather than meat.
And that stuff in a dish that looks ice cream is actually whipped (搅拌过的) butter.
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
虽说英国对美国影响很深,但是它们的饮食文化却各有不同。以下是读文网小编给大家带来英国和美国的饮食文化差异,以供大家参阅!
英國的辛辣食物:
「Nando's: 其實常常有正在約會的男士點不辣的口味,但叫我們在他點的雞上面插勁辣的小旗。」
美國的辛辣食物:
「蠍子雞翅:吃這個之前顧客要先簽一份生死狀」(人家是很認真地在吃辣好嗎)
#p#副标题#e#
浏览量:3
下载量:0
时间:
当前商务英语的翻译在国际贸易中发挥的作用越来越大.商务英语翻译的过程不仅仅是对语言信息的准确传递,更是语言所承载的文化信息的传递,因为词语只有运用在一定的文化中才有含义.所以要求商务英语翻译人员必须了解这种文化差异,并在两种语言文化中找到契合点,做到翻译中的文化信息等值.本文通过阐述商务英语翻译中存在的跨文化性以及这些差异的具体表现,并给出一些化解文化差异的翻译策略,希望商务英语的翻译人员能够得到一些有益的启示.
针对商务英语的特点、商务英语翻译中存在的文化差异及其产生的影响,必须采取有效的对策,保证翻译的准确和信息的有效传达,为商务活动提供良好的交流平台。
第一,要充分掌握不同的文化知识,理解不同的文化背景,培养跨文化翻译的能力。对商务英语翻译中存在文化差异的词语、句法要有深刻的掌握,尤其是存在多种含义的词语和具有特定含义的习语。了解不同的文化背景、习俗和特点,避免翻译过程中的误解,并结合实际情况化解翻译过程中可能存在的文化冲突。训练对文化差异的敏感性,准确辨别商务英语中存在文化差异的地方,提高驾驭跨文化翻译的能力。
第二,灵活运用翻译技巧,展现翻译工作的艺术性。商务英语翻译既要保证翻译时信息的完整传递,还要保证翻译能有效地促进商务活动的顺利开展。因此,在翻译过程中,要灵活运用各种技巧,结合双方的文化特点,发挥出翻译工作的艺术性,为商务活动的顺利进行打下基础。在翻译过程中,要将直译、音译和意译相结合,体现出翻译的艺术性,促进双方的深入合作。例如,将"Goldlion"翻译为“金利来”,既结合了英文名称的意义,又充分考虑到中国人图吉利的文化特点。除此之外,还要注意翻译过程中的抽象引申、文体句式转换和修辞引申等翻译技巧的灵活运用,在充分体现原文语义的同时,提高翻译的艺术性和审美性。
第三,通过规范的用语、句型和格式,再现商务英语翻译的商务特征。商务英语翻译中的套语和固定句式往往运用的比较多,格式多有固定的模式,所以在翻译过程中要尽量运用套语和常见的固定形式,避免文化差异造成的误译,同时还可以再现商务英语正式、准确、规范的特点。
综上所述,商务英语翻译中存在着诸多基于文化的差异,这些差异对我们的商务英语翻译提出了更高的要求。因此,我们必须从文化知识积累和翻译技巧和理论的运用上不断提高,培养跨文化翻译的意识和能力,为商务交流提供精准顺畅的翻译,保证经济活动的顺利发展。
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
英语里有很多有趣的俚语,它们往往通俗易懂、说起来顺口、且带有浓郁的地方色彩和生活气息。下面我们挑一些经典的看几句吧!
1.Peter's vacation plans went up in smoke when a crisis arose in the office.
办公室出了问题,彼得的假期泡汤了。
2.We should probably hit the road. It's going to take us two hours to get home.
我们可能该上路了吧?到家要两个小时呢!
3.You'd better shape up if you want to stay on.
如果你还想留下来的话最好乖一点儿。
4.Don't sneak up behind me like that. You scared the shit out of me.
不要那样从后面突然吓我。你吓死我了。
5.He pulled some strings and managed to get us front row seats for the concert.
他运用关系替我们拿到音乐会前排的位子。
6.This car is a real lemon. It has broken down four times.
这辆车真次,已经坏了四次了!
7.The movie was a flop. Nobody went to see it.
这部电影卖座率奇低,没有人去看。
8.Chris flipped out when I told him that we won the game.
我告诉克里斯我们赢了比赛时,他乐坏了。
9.Cathy is such a stick in the mud. She never wants to try anything new.
凯西真保守,她从不想尝试新事物。
10.Let me spring for dinner.
我来请客吧。
1. airhead(傻蛋): stupid person, idiot (Ex: "How could you forget the keys? You are such an airhead!")
2. chilling(放松): relaxing, not doing anything that takes up a lot of energy (Ex: "I'm just watching some TV. Since there's no homework today, I'm just going to chill.")
3. couch potato(电视迷): a person who watches too much television (Ex: "You've been watching TV all day. Don't be such a couch potato and get up!")
4. flick(电影): film; movie (chick flick: movies for girls. Ex: "Let's watch a chick flick at the sleepover. Which one should we see? Mean Girls or The Notebook?")
5. get it(明白): to understand something (Ex: "Your shirt looks really bad. I'm serious, it looks so ugly." "Okay, okay. I got it the first time.")
6. jock(体育高手): someone good at sports (Ex: "Tristan is the biggest jock in school. He's also the most popular guy among girls.")
7. loaded(富有): someone with a lot of money (Ex: "Did you see the car that drove her to school today? Her family must be loaded.")
8. party animal(派对狂): someone that loves parties or go out to clubs (Ex: "You've been partying every night this week. You are such a party animal!")
9. rip off(宰客): a fraud, something that isn’t actually worth the amount you paid for it (Ex: "I bought these jeans for $100." "Really? I got the same ones for only $50!" "Wow, I got ripped off!" "Yeah, what a rip off.")
10. sweet(很棒): excellent, cool (Ex: "Hey, can you help me decorate the school gym for the dance?" "Yeah sure!" "Sweet, thanks!")
11. turn-on(诱惑): something that attracts you to someone (Ex: "That guy can sing while playing theguitar. That is definitely a turn-on for me.")
12. up for it(愿意做某事): to be willing to do something, and have a good time (Ex: "I really want to go bungee jumping. Want to go with me? Would you be up for it?")
13. wicked(非常好): excellent, cool (more common among British speakers) (Ex: "That was so wicked! Can you do that again?")
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
摘要:每个人不会公开自己的成就和失败。别人在任何领域的成绩都只是自己的成绩。这和印度相比就不一样,在那里人们都会炫耀他们的财富,会告诉每个人自己的成就。
Q: What facts about the United States do foreigners not believe until they come to America?
问:有哪些事情是外国人没去美国之前不会相信的?
获得9.2k好评的答案@ Aniruddh Chaturvedi
Everyone is highly private about their accomplishments and failures. Someone's performance in any field is their performance alone. This is different compared to India where people flaunt their riches and share their accomplishments with everybody else.
每个人不会公开自己的成就和失败。别人在任何领域的成绩都只是自己的成绩。这和印度相比就不一样,在那里人们都会炫耀他们的财富,会告诉每个人自己的成就。
哪些事不去美国不知道
Rich people are thin/ well maintained, poor people are fat. This stems from the fact that cheap food is fatty, rich people don't eat cheap food — they tend to eat either home-cooked food which is expensive or eat at expensive / healthy places. Unfortunately, it is expensive to be healthy in America.
富人很瘦/保养很好,而穷人很胖。这个道理源于现实——因为廉价食品含油脂多,而富人不吃廉价食品——他们一般吃自己家里做的食品(这些食品很贵)或者在有高价健康食品的地方吃饭。不幸的是,在美国,健康是昂贵的。
Fat people are not respected much in society. Being fat often has the sameconnotations as being irresponsible towards your body. If you're thin (and tall, but not as much), people will respect you a lot more and treat you better. You will also receive better customer service if you're well maintained. This extends my previous point which mentioned that if you're thin, you're statistically likely to be rich. Reason why I know this is that I went down from being 210lbs to 148-150lbs. The way people started treating me when I was thin was generally way better than the way I was treated when I was fat. As a small example, the Starbucks baristas were much nicer to me and made me drinks with more care.
胖子在社会上不太受尊重,因为肥胖通常就暗示你对自己的身体不负责任。如果你很瘦(而且很高,但又不是特别瘦,特别高),人们就会更尊重你,对你更好。如果你保养得好,你就会受到更好地客户服务。这个道理就是我之前提到过的“如果你很瘦,那你一般来说就比较富裕”的延伸。我是在我从210磅减到148-150磅的时候明白这个道理的。我瘦的时候比我胖的时候受到的对待要好得多,举个简单的例子,星巴克里的咖啡员对我就比之前好得多,做饮料的时候也更用心。
Almost every single person in America has access to basic food, clothing, water and sanitation. I haven't been to states like Louisiana and cities like Detroit, but from what I can tell, nobody is scrambling for the basic necessities required for sustenance.
在美国,几乎每个人都能得到基本的食物、衣服、水和公共卫生。我还没去过路易斯安那之类的州以及底特律之类的城市,但是在我看来,没有人需要为了维持生计、为了基础的生活必需品拼死拼活。
Americans waste a lot of food. It is very easy to buy in bulk because it's so much cheaper and as a result a lot of wastage occurs.
美国人浪费了非常多的食物。因为太便宜所以大家都会大量购买,结果就是大量食物被浪费。
Obsession with coffee — Starbucks, Dunkin' etc is crowded with office-goers and students every morning. I don't understand why they can't drink or make coffee before leaving for work. Such a waste of money! ($5/day * 5days / week * 52weeks/year)!
对咖啡非常痴迷——每天早上星巴克和康恩都乐等店里都挤满了上班族和学生。我不明白他们为什么不在上班前去喝或者制作咖啡。太浪费钱了(5美元/天*5天/周*52周/年)!
Support towards the LGBT community — it's fairly normal to be part of the LGBT community; it's not considered a mortal sin if you like someone in your own gender or if you aren't comfortable being male/female/etc. Proof of this is the LGBT Pride Day held in every city.
对同性恋团体的支持——成为同性恋团体中的一员是很正常的事;如果你喜欢同性或者你觉得自己作为一个男人/女人哪里不对,都不会被认为是弥天大罪,证据就是每座城市都会举办LGBT骄傲日。
浏览量:3
下载量:0
时间:
想知道美国人最爱哪些英伦的文化吗?下面小编为大家一一揭晓~
DOWNTON ABBEY (AND OTHER TV SHOWS):
唐顿庄园(和其他的电视剧):
From Doctor Who to Sherlock Holmes, British TV shows are doing well among American audience. Although the success of Game of Thrones shows the appreciation among American viewers for violence and sexuality, Downton Abbey has nonetheless succeeded as a period drama with a completely different appeal. There is just something so quaint and refreshing about these stereotypically British shows, and we Americans love it.
从神秘博士到夏洛克,英剧在美国一直广受欢迎。尽管权力的游戏大热暗示了美国观众们对于色情和暴力的癖好,唐顿庄园作为一部口味截然不同的历史剧依然大获成功。这些代表性的英剧总是有几分让人耳目一新的精巧,美国人也是爱不释手。
ONE DIRECTION (AND OTHER BOY BANDS):
单方向乐队(和其他的男团):
In the 1960s The Beatles and other pop and rock groups became popular in the United States in a cultural takeover known as the British Invasion. Today we have One Direction, which became the first band to have all four of its releases debut at number one on the American album chart, and fellow boy band The Wanted reached number three on America’s Billboard Hot 100 after the TV show Glee featured one of its songs. And it is not just the boy bands: Coldplay, Adele, and Sam Smith have all dominated America’s Billboard Top 100, and 12 percent of album sales in the US consisted of British artists in 2014.
上世纪60年代,披头士和其他流行摇滚乐队在美国风靡一时,被称作英国的文化入侵。如今我们也有One Direction,这是第一支连续四张专辑首发就占领美国各大专辑榜单第一位的乐队!其他类似的男团还有The Wanted,在欢乐合唱团翻唱了他们的一首歌之后,一跃成为Billboard百首热歌的第三名。2014年,英国歌手的专辑销量占到了美国唱片市场的12%。
(SOME) BRITISH HUMOR (OR AS MUCH AS OUR EGOS CAN TAKE):
(某些)英式幽默(只要我们的自尊心能承受):
Something about the irony and sarcasm of British humor is finally catching on in the United States. Most of us can appreciate the nice, unoffensive humor of Friends and other crowd-pleasing favorites, but the dry, “too real” feel of British humor can elicit more cringing than giggles. But irony has also crept into our favorites, from Curb Your Enthusiasm and Arrested Development to Family Guy. And while Monty Python always had its cult following, we also made our own version of The Office, mocking the daily lives of office workers.
英式幽默中的讽刺和挖苦终于在美国火起来了!大多数美国人都能接受老友记中友好温和地幽默,还有其他娱乐大众的梗。但是那句干巴巴的“too real”类型的英式幽默更容易引来低声下气的谄媚,而不是欢快的笑声。不过,讽刺也在逐渐变为我们的最爱:从《抑制热情》和《发展受阻》到《恶搞之家》。英国喜剧团体蒙提·派森也一直有一批狂热的粉丝,与此同时我们也有了美国版本的《办公室》,调侃办公室白领的日常生活。
THE ROYAL FAMILY:
皇室家族:
Americans have been following the royal family for centuries, from Queen Victoria’s coronation in 1838 to Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer’s marriage in 1981. More recently, we obsessed over the marriage between Prince William and Kate Middleton, following stories and tweeting about the royal engagement, the wedding, her clothes, and the royal baby. Part of this might just be indulging that childhood fascination with castles and royalty, the pomp associated with these royal affairs, and the romance of an ordinary woman becoming royal through the power of love.
美国人关注英国皇室的动态已经数个世纪,从1838年维多利亚女王的加冕礼到查尔斯王子和戴安娜王妃1981年的婚礼。最近,我们对于威廉王子和凯特的婚礼颇为着迷,时刻关注着故事发展,发推特谈论皇室的订婚、婚礼、王妃的服装和小王子。这其中的部分原因可能是我们沉醉于儿时对于城堡和皇室的迷恋中,还有和皇家事物相关联的种种壮丽浮华,当然,还有灰姑娘嫁王子这种童话般的浪漫剧情,让我们仿佛感受到了真爱的力量。
THE BRITISH MEDIA:
英国媒体:
Americans have plenty of options to get their news, from local papers to national outlets like The Washington Post and ABC News. However, when it comes to international news, Americans often turn to British outlets for an alternative view. After the Iraq war, US traffic to BBC increased by 47% and to the Guardian by 83%. According to a 2014 study from the Pew Research Center, the most trusted news outlets in the United States were the UK’s The Economist and BBC across all ideological groups, while news outlets like The New York Times and Fox News were only trusted by certain ideological groups.
美国人有多样的渠道可以获取新闻,从当地报纸到全国性媒体,比如华盛顿邮报和ABC新闻。然而,当我们想看国际新闻时,一般会选择英国媒体作为不同意见的参考。在伊拉克战争之后,收看BBC的美国观众增加了47%,卫报则增加了83%。皮尤研究中心一项2014年的调查显示,在各种思想群体中,最受美国人信赖的新闻媒体是英国的经济学人和BBC,而纽约时报和福克斯新闻仅仅只被某些思想群体信任。
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
下面读文网小编为大家带来金融双语阅读:美国警告欧盟不要给予中国市场经济地位,希望大家喜欢!
Washington has warned Brussels against granting China ‘market economy status’, saying the long-sought trade concession could hamper efforts to prevent Chinese companies flooding US and European markets with unfairly cheap goods. 华盛顿警告布鲁塞尔不要给予中国“市场经济地位”(MES),称中方长期寻求的这一贸易优惠待遇可能妨碍阻止中国企业在美欧市场倾销廉价得不公平的商品的努力。
Achieving market economy status (MES) at the World Trade Organisation is one of China’s core strategic goals. Among other benefits, it would make it far more difficult for the US or EU to impose steep tariffs on Chinese companies for unfairly dumping low-cost goods on their markets. 在世界贸易组织(WTO)取得市场经济地位是中国的核心战略目标之一。其好处包括,它将显著加大美国或欧盟针对在其市场不公平倾销廉价商品的中国企业开征高额关税的难度。
US officials have warned EU counterparts that granting Beijing MES would amount to “unilaterally disarming” Europe’s trade defences against China. In private, they are scathing about the move, which they see as the latest example of Europeans seeking to curry favour with Beijing to gain billions of euros in investment. 美国官员警告欧盟同行称,给予中国市场经济地位无异于“单方面解除”欧洲对中国的贸易防御。私底下,美国官员严厉批评此举,在他们眼里,这是欧洲人为了获得巨额投资而试图讨好北京方面的最新例证。
But the European Commission, the EU’s executive arm, is growing increasingly sympathetic to China’s pleas. The commission is expected to make its decision as early as February. 但是,欧盟执行机构——欧盟委员会(European Commission)正越来越倾向于支持中国的诉求。该机构预计最早在明年2月就会做出决定。
German chancellor Angela Merkel is supportive of the idea while George Osborne, the UK chancellor who has spearheaded Britain’s courtship of Beijing, is a firm advocate. 德国安格拉·默克尔(Angela Merkel)支持给予中国市场经济地位,而力主英国迎合中国的英国财相乔治·奥斯本(George Osborne)也坚定地支持这样做。
Other European governments, led by Italy, and a growing swell of European labour unions and traditional industries — including steel, ceramics and textiles — are strongly opposed. Partly at their prompting, senior US trade officials have repeatedly raised their concerns with their European counterparts in recent months. 以意大利为首的欧洲其他国家政府,以及越来越多的欧洲工会和传统产业(包括钢铁、陶瓷和纺织品)都强烈反对。部分在他们的敦促下,美国高级贸易官员近月来一再向欧洲同行表达自己的关切。
The debate centres on a dispute over the terms of China’s agreement of accession to the World Trade Organisation in 2001. Beijing has long interpreted the accord to mean that it would automatically be designated a market economy at the end of 2016. 这场辩论的焦点是如何解释2001年中国加入世贸组织的条款。北京方面长期以来的解读是,当时的协议意味着它将在2016年底自动取得市场经济地位。
But many trade lawyers disagree with this reading of the rules. Opponents argue that Beijing’s hand in setting prices, providing subsidies to an array of industries and other statist policies should disqualify it from MES. 但是,许多贸易律师不同意这种解读。反对者主张,北京方面插手价格制定,向多个行业提供补贴,以及施行其他计划经济式政策,应该使其没有资格获得市场经济地位。
“China was accepted into the WTO almost 15 years ago on an expectation that it would now be a market economy. It is not and it would be wrong to treat it as such when it meets so few of the criteria,” said David Martin, a British Labour member of the European Parliament, which would have to support any commission proposal for MES. “中国在近15年前被世贸组织接纳时,各方的期望是到了现在它将转型为市场经济。它不是,在它达到这么少标准的情况下给予它市场经济地位将是错误的,”欧洲议会(European Parliament)的英国工党成员戴维·马丁(David Martin)表示。欧盟委员会给予中国市场经济地位的提案将必须获得欧洲议会的支持。
The EU’s deliberations come at a particularly sensitive moment for Europe’s steel industry, which has lost a fifth of it workforce since 2009 and blames many of its woes on unfairly cheap Chinese imports. 欧盟的讨论发生在一个对欧洲钢铁行业特别敏感的时刻,自2009年以来失去了五分之一劳动力的该行业,把它的很多困境归咎于廉价得不公平的中国进口产品。
At the same time, the commission is keen to repair trade relations with China after a string of acrimonious disputes in recent years. It is seeking big Chinese investments in a ¢300bn infrastructure fund designed to rekindle flagging growth in Europe. 与此同时,在近年发生了一系列激烈纠纷后,欧盟委员会眼下热衷于修复与中国的贸易关系。它正在争取中方对一只3000亿欧元基础设施基金大笔投资,该基金旨在提振欧洲乏力的经济增长。
The commission declined to comment on its decision, which officials say is still under consideration. However, diplomats and businessmen involved in the process say momentum is building for a positive decision on MES in the first quarter of 2016. 欧盟委员会拒绝就其决定置评,官员们表示该机构仍在考虑。然而,参与这个过程的外交官和商界人士表示,目前正在形成的势头意味着,该委员会在2016年第一季度很有可能做出同意给予中国市场经济地位的决定。
“Brussels’ attitude towards China is better than Washington’s,” said Tu Xinquan, a trade expert at the University of International Business and Economics in Beijing. “Of course, EU industries won’t welcome market economy status for China. But I think it’s quite likely to be granted.” “布鲁塞尔对中国的态度比华盛顿更好,”对外经济贸易大学(University of International Business and Economics)的贸易专家屠新泉表示,“当然,欧盟的产业界不会欢迎给予中国市场经济地位。但我认为中国很有希望被授予这种地位。”
Under WTO rules, China’s non-market economy status gives the US and EU far greater latitude in determining the fair cost of production for Chinese companies when conducting anti-dumping investigations. As a consequence, say trade lawyers, that has made it easier for complainants to prove their cases against China. 按照世贸组织规则,中国的非市场经济地位使美国和欧盟在展开反倾销调查时,在确定中国企业的公允生产成本方面拥有大得多的自由度。贸易律师们表示,其后果之一是,投诉方更容易证明其针对中国的投诉成立。
The Obama administration, which is being cheered on by US industry, is advocating a policy of inaction, which would force China to bring a challenge in the WTO and thus put the onus on Beijing to prove that its state-heavy economic model has met all the criteria for MES. 在美国工业界的欢呼下,奥巴马政府正在倡导不作为的政策,那将迫使中国在世贸组织发起挑战,从而使北京方面承担举证责任,要证明政府干预相当严重的中国经济模式满足了市场经济地位的所有标准。
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
在经济全球化的背景下,国际间的贸易交往日益频繁,商务谈判已然成为商务活动的重要环节。不同国家、地区之间拥有自己的特色文化,而商务谈判与文化是密不可分的,不同文化观念会给商务谈判带来种种困难和障碍。由此可见,商务谈判中的文化差异是不可忽略的。本文以中美商务谈判为例探讨商务谈判中的文化差异及应对策略。
对于一个企业来讲,增加利润一般有三种方法 :增加营业额、降低成本和谈判。企业通过谈判来争取每一分利润。商务谈判既是企业实现经济目标的手段,也是企业获取市场信息的重要途径,同样更是企业开拓市场的重要力量。在经济全球化的背景下,国际间的贸易交往日益频繁,商务谈判已然成为商务活动的重要环节。不同国家、地区之间拥有自己的特色文化,而商务谈判与文化是密不可分的,不同文化观念会给商务谈判带来种种困难和障碍。由此可见,商务谈判中的文化差异是不可忽略的。
国家与国家之间、民族与民族之间的文化差异不仅仅是体现在语言上面,还有习俗、礼仪、宗教、价值观等方面的差异。生活在不同地区的人,接受不同的教育,在不同的社会做不同的工作,因而也会产生不同价值观和思维方式。以中美商务谈判为例,由于存在不同的文化背景,所以谈判双方在很多方面存在很大的差异。
首先就是语言的差异。除了汉语和英语的差异,还有肢体语言的差异,例如目不转睛地看对方,在中国人眼里是好奇或是惊讶,而美国人觉得这是不礼貌的表现,会使人不自在。再例如美国人叫人过来时会把手伸向别人,手心向上,握拳用食指前后摆动,但是这样的动作就会使中国人反感。其次是习俗礼仪的差异,不同国家会表现出不同的风俗习惯和民族特色。中国人通常比较委婉,他们崇尚孔孟的中庸之道,所以即使你在交谈过程中出现错误也不会当面直接的讲出,他们认为这样是保全了对方的面子。并且中国人比较重视谈判前个人之间关系的建立,也就是所谓的“人脉”,他们认为拥有广泛的人脉对于谈判有很大的帮助。但是美国人却完全相反,他们不太重视人际关系的建立,若有人在谈判之前和他们示好,反而会让他们觉得或许你的产品质量差、技术水平存在问题才拉拢他们,所以导致的结果就是他们会在谈判过程中特别警惕和挑剔。中国人喜欢“人脉”,而美国人喜欢公事公办,所以熟悉对方礼仪的内容和要求也尤为重要。宗教在商务谈判中也是需要考虑的因素之一。不同宗教有着不同的文化倾向和戒律,从而影响到人们认识事物的方式、行为准则和价值观念。举个简单的例子来讲,美国人为了感谢上天赐予的好收成,所以有感恩节,并且在这一天休假。若中国企业要是想和美国企业谈判,就要避开这个节日。另外还有一个差异便是价值观。价值观是以文化衡量人们的标准,在不同的文化中,价值观念会有很大的差异。在一种文化中很恰当的行为也许在在另一种文化中会被看成是不道德的。中美价值观差异在谈判中表现得更加突出。例如时间观的不同,即谈判过程中时间节奏的不同。由于中国人比较讲究形式和仪式,因而谈判节奏较慢,显得从容不迫。而美国人时间观念则很强,他们将时间看做是金钱,在谈判中希望尽快减少繁杂的仪式、进入正题,减少在形式上的时间。另一方面,美国人强调目前的利益,而不像中国人那样考虑见利长远的关系。
谈判是各方为化解冲突而进行沟通的过程,来自不同文化背景的谈判者,因为文化差异在谈判过程中容易引起冲突,因此谈判双方都会为了避免不必要的冲突而做好应对策略。
在谈判前,谈判者应该做好应对文化差异的心理准备,避免以自己的标准去判断对方的认知,应该学会了解、接受、尊重对方的文化和习俗。例如中国谈判者在和美国谈判者谈判之前,应该要了解对方的工作时间,避免谈判时间出现在对方的休假日。做好谈判前的分析准备。所谓“知己知彼,百战不殆”,做好了充分的准备,才能在谈判中随机应变,灵活处理,避免谈判中出现冲突的激化。谈判准备工作应做到方方面面,即使是谈判地点也要安排妥当,否则就会引起对方的不安甚至恼怒。
谈判过程中也会因为文化差异出现临时状况,这就需要谈判者能有临危不惧的沉着和冷静,能够随时处理。因而对谈判者的素质要求尤为严格,谈判者不仅需要丰富的知识,更要有过硬的心理素质,在谈判过程中能够充满自信,具有果断力、敢于冒险。在谈判开始,因为美国文化强调人事划分,着重于实质性问题,所以美国商人花在与工作无关的交谈上的时间较少,由此,中国谈判者不要过度地和美国谈判者寒暄,需尽快切入谈判主题。在处理反对意见或者冲突时,中国谈判者往往会避免公然挑衅的言辞,因为中国人讲究“人情味”。但是美国谈判者则认为冲突是好事,应当积极有效的处理。中国谈判者在遇到这样的情况时,应该做到刚柔相济,谈判过程中态度不能过分强硬也不可过分软弱。处理冲突时,应该在能为己方争取到最大利益之上来考虑,有时也可以采用拖延交战、虚与周旋的策略。在谈判过程中应时时明确谈判最终目的。中美商务谈判中经常遇到的问题就是价格问题。中国谈判者在处理这一问题上,首先应该先明确自己的立场,是出口商还是进口商,然后再进行谈判。在谈判过程中也要掌握以退为进的策略,有时在局部问题上的让步会换来对方在重大问题上的让步。
伴随着全球经济的快速发展,国际间的贸易往来频繁,商务谈判也变得十分重要。来自不同地区不同国家不同民族的谈判方,历史文化传统的不同,国家政治经济制度就不同,人们的思维方式、行为理念也不同,所以在面对不同的谈判对象时,谈判人员应充分考虑文化差异带来的负面影响,要充分做好谈判准备,了解对方的谈判风格,对症下药,使商务谈判向有利于我方的方向发展。
浏览量:4
下载量:0
时间:
美国是一个高度发达的资本主义国家,因其较为健全的法律制度、健康的生活环境、顶尖的教育资源等,吸引着世界各地的人来这里追逐美国梦。那么你想多了解一下有关美国的文化吗?下面是读文网小编为大家带来有关美国文化经典美文双语,欢迎大家阅读欣赏!
An American friend has invited you to visit his family. You've never been to an American's home before, and you're not sure what to do.Should you take a gift? How should you dress? What time should you arrive? What should you do when you get there? Glad you asked. When you're the guest, you should just make yourself at home. That's what hospitality is all about: making people feel at home when they're not.
一位美国朋友邀请你去他家。你以前从未去过美国人的家,你不确定该怎么做。该带一个礼物吗?该怎么穿?该几点到?到了那里该做什么?很高兴你发问。你若是客人,只要使自己感到自在就好了.待客之道就是这样:虽然不是在家里,却使客人有宾至如归之感。
The question of whether or not to bring a gift often makes guests squirm. Giving your host a gift is not just a social nicety in some cultures-it's expected. But in American culture , a guest is not obligated to bring a present, Of course, some people do bring a small token of appreciation to their host. Appropriate gifts for general occasions might be flowers, candy or-if the family has small children'toys. If you choose not to bring a gift, don't worry. No one will even notice.
是否带礼物的问题常使客人不安。在某些文化中,送主人礼物不只是社交礼节——还是必要的。但是在美国文化中,客人并不一定要带礼物。当然,有些人的确会带个表示感谢的小礼物给他们的主人.一般情况下,可以带花或是糖果.如果这家人有小孩,玩具应当是恰当的礼物。如果你选择不带礼物,不要担心,没有人会注意到的。
American hospitality begins at home-especially when it involves food. Most Americans agree that good home cooking beats restaurant food any day. When invited for a meal, you might ask, "Can I bring anything?"Unless it's. a potluck, where everyone brings a_dish, the host will probably respond, "No,just yourself." For most informal dinners, you should wear comfortable, casual clothes. Plan to arrive on time, or else call to inform your hosts of the delay. During the dinner conversation:it's customary to compliment the hostess on the wonderful meal. Of course, the biggest compliment is to eat lots of food!
美国人的待客之道从家里开始——尤其是和食物有关。大多数美国人都同意,无论如何,好的家常菜胜过餐馆的菜。受邀吃饭时,你或许问:"我可以带些什么吗?" 除非是每人带道菜的聚餐,否则主人很可能会回答: 不用,你来就可以了. 大多数非正式的聚餐,你应该穿舒适、轻便的衣服。设法准时到,否则打电话告诉主人你会晚点到。用餐时,习惯上,人们会称赞女主人烹调的美食。当然,最大的赞美是多吃!
When you've had plenty, you might offer to clear the table or wash the dishes. But since you're the guest, your hosts may not let you. Instead, they may invite everyone to move to the living room for dessert with tea or coffee. After an hour or so of general chitchat, it's probably time to head for the door. You don't want to wear out your welcome. And above all,don't go snooping around the house. It's more polite to wait for the host to offer you a guided tour. But except for housewarmings, guests often don't get past the living room.
当你吃得差不多时,或许可以主动表示要帮忙清理桌子或洗碗盘,但你既是客人,你的主人可能不会让你这样做。他们或许会邀请大家到客厅吃点心、喝茶或咖啡。聊个大约一小时或许就该离去了,你可不希望变得不受欢迎吧。还有最重要的是不要在屋子里四处窥探,等主人邀请你参观才较有礼貌。可是除了乔迁喜宴之外,客人通常都只待在客厅里。
Americans usually like to have advance notice when people come to see them. Only very close friends drop by unannounced. This is especially true if the guests want to stay for a few days. Here's a good ruleof thumb for house guests: Short stays are best. As one 19th century French writer put it, "The first day a man is a guest, the second a burden, the third a pest." Even relatives don't usually stay for several weeks at a time.While you're staying with an Amencan family, try to keep your living area neat and tidy. Your host family will appreciate your consideration.And they may even invite you back!
美国人通常喜欢访客事先通知他们,只有非常亲密的朋友才可能不请自来,尤其在客人要待好几天时更是如此。最好不要久留——这是给访客的经验之谈。就像19世纪一位法国作家所写的那样:“第一天是客人,第二天是负担,第三天就是讨厌鬼了."既使是亲戚通常不会一次待上几个星期. 当你住在美国人家里时,设法使你住的地方保持整齐清洁。你的主人_家都会感谢你这么体贴,他们甚至会再邀请你!
Most Americans consider themselves hospitable people. Folks in the southem United States, m particular, take pride in entertaining guests.In fact,southern hospitality" has become legendary. But in all parts of America, people welcome their guests with open arms. So don't be surprised to find the welcome mat out for you. Just don't forget to wipe your feet.
大多数美国人都认为他们是好客之人。尤其是美国的南方人更以款待客人自豪,事实上,"南方的款待"是人们所津津乐道、口口相传的。不过在美国各地,人们都张开双臂欢迎他们的客人,所以当你发现有WELCOME字样的鞋垫时,不要惊讶,只是别忘了把你的脚擦干净就是了.
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间: