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尼泊尔,为南亚山区内陆国家,是世界三大宗教之一佛教的发源地,下面是读文网小编整理的一些关于尼泊尔文化风俗习惯,欢迎大家阅读!
In most communities around the world, goddesses are symbolic of a spiritual world. But in Nepal, these sacred females live and breathe.
在世界上大部分的国家和地区,女神是精神世界的象征,但在尼泊尔,这些神圣的女性在世间生活着呼吸着。
Handpicked from birth, these pre-pubescent girls are known as Kumaris, which means virgin in Nepalese, and are believed to be incarnations of the Hindu Goddess of Power, Kali.
这些被称为“库玛利斯”(尼泊尔语处女)的女孩是自出生时就被精心挑选出来的。直到进入青春期前,她们都被视为印度女神时母的化身。
They are forced to leave their homes and are hidden away in temples as a living deity, only able to leave when they are required at festivals and processions as the subject of worship.
她们被认为是在人间的神祗,必须隐居在神庙里,只有出席节庆或宗教活动时才被允许离开。回家更是不可能的事情。
These Kumaris are even considered too special to walk, instead being carried in chariots, thrones and other people's arms - sometimes meaning they do not learn to walk until they retire.
人们认为这些女孩太特殊,她们无须步行,一般坐马车、宝座或肩舆出行。也就是说,有时她们在退休之前都不会学习走路。
And the girls are banned from going to school or taking part in day-to-day society, only appearing outside their temples up to 13 times a year.
她们不能上学,也不能过普通人的日常生活。一年最多只能离开神庙13次。
But once they reach puberty, everything changes for these Kumaris. After menstruation starts, the girls are put through a 12-day 'Gufa' ritual, after which their life as a Kumari ends - and they return to an ordinary life that they have never known.
一旦到了青春期,一切都将变得不同。初潮开始后,她们会参加一个为期12天被称为“古法”的仪式。“库玛利斯”生涯就此结束,她们将回到此前从未经历过的正常人的生活中去。
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加拿大是北美洲北部国家,面积居世界第二位。人口2,700多万,是世界上人口密度较小的国家。加拿大为移民国家,英裔居民占42%,法裔居民占27%,还有其它欧洲国家后裔;土著居民为印地安人和因纽特人。华人约80万。英语和法语同为官方语言。信奉天主教的居民占47.3%,信奉__的居民占41.2%。枫树是加拿大国树,枫叶是加拿大国花,遍布全国的枫树中以糖枫和黑枫最为著名,三月枫糖节是加拿大的重要节日。下面是读文网小编整理的加拿大风俗文化和礼仪习俗的简介,欢迎大家阅读!
加拿大人的饮食以肉类、蔬菜为主,面食、米饭为辅。喜欢吃牛肉、鸡等肉食,特别喜欢吃沙丁鱼和野味。喜欢生吃蔬菜,主要有西红柿、芹菜、菜花、洋葱、土豆、黄瓜等。加拿大人口味清淡,偏甜酸,不喜欢太咸。讲究包含营养、新鲜。烹调方式有煎、烤、炸等,喜欢酥脆食物。喜欢吃煎牛排、煎羊排、炸鱼虾、糖醋鱼、咕噜肉等,忌食动物内脏和脚爪,不食辣食品。喜欢饮酒,喜爱白兰地、香槟、啤酒、金酒威士忌苏打、葡萄洒、蜜酒等。常饮用水果汁、可口可乐等饮料。喜欢吃柠檬、荔枝、香蕉、苹果、梨等水果,喜欢吃松子、葡萄干、花生米等干果。一日三餐中,早餐比较简单,主要吃烤面包、鸡蛋、咸肉、牛奶、果汁、素片粥、玉米片粥等。午餐带饭或用快餐,也比较简单,一般有三明治、饮料、水果。晚餐为正餐,比较丰盛,主食为鸡、牛肉、鱼、猪排,辅以土豆、胡萝卜、豆角、面包、牛奶、饮料等,喜欢用清汤(加豆、小萝卜等)。上午十时和下午三时用点心,吃苹果馅饼、香桃馅饼等。加拿大的快餐业发展很快,种类很多,如热狗、意大利馅饼、汉堡包、希腊肉棍、美国炸鸡、墨西哥玉米面卷肉、中国份饭等。加拿大也喜欢吃我国的江苏菜、上海菜、山东菜。
加拿大人的衣着与美国人相近,但不像美国人那么随便。在非正式场合,他们穿着随意,常着夹衫、圆领衫、便装裤等;在正式场合,如上班、上教堂、观看表演、赴宴等,他们着装整洁、讲究。男子穿西装,女子穿裙服。女子服装不太讲究面料,但讲究款式新颖、颜色协调、舒适方便。
加拿大人朴实、随和、友善、热情好客。见面一般握手致意,不像美国人那么随便。熟人之间用拥抱礼节。分手时也行握手礼。介绍礼节,是将男士介绍给女士,将年轻人介绍给年长者,将职位低者介绍给职位高者。熟人相见,直呼其名。握手时,女士、年长者、职位高者先伸出手。交谈要选择众人共同关心的话题,喜欢谈加拿大经济文化发展、天气、体育、旅游、风俗等话题。不能询问年龄、收入、家庭状况、婚姻状况、女士体重等私人生活问题。不喜欢将加拿大与美国相比,不谈政治、世族、宗教、语言、魁北克法语区等社会敏感问题。在公众场合,他们注重文明礼貌,观看表演要提前入座,中途不走动。在公共场所不可大声喧哗、乱扔废弃物。在公共交通工具上,要主动给老人、儿童让座,上车要排队。遇到有"私人财产,请勿穿越"、"请勿入内,不可进入"等标牌。
加拿大人时间观念强,约会要事先约定,准时赴约。公务约会一般在餐馆,执行会一般在饭店、俱乐部举办。送礼应有目的,不随便送礼。生日、结婚、分别等都要送礼。讲究礼品包装,一般用彩色礼品纸包裹,扎彩带,装饰彩花,礼品上附有签名贺卡。接受礼品者应当面打开并致谢。加拿大人常以家宴款待客人。上门作客不能提早到达;作客时应随带一瓶酒、一盒糖、一束鲜花等礼物,或送给女主人和孩子一些小礼物。作为礼物的酒,要在宴请时即用。家宴一般是冷餐会,饮食放在桌上,各人自取,座位自选,或站着进餐,边吃边谈。第二天,客人应写信给女主人,表示感谢。晚上作客不宜久留,一般在10时前告辞,周末在11时30分前告辞。
加拿大的节日比较多。1月1日是元旦,除夕夜好举行欢庆活动。他们将白雪作为吉祥物,堆放在住宅四周,筑成雪墙,认为这样可以阻挡妖魔。2月上旬至中旬有狂欢节,庆祝活动持续10天,是魁北克省居民最盛大的节日,具有法兰西色彩。他们用白雪筑城堡,戴着红缨小绒帽,扎着红、绿、白三色腰巾,载歌载舞,选举"狂欢节王"和"狂欢节女王",然后乘坐彩车游行,举行各种冰上体育比赛。3至4月举行枫糖节,这是加拿大特有的节庆,人们欢歌曼舞,品尝枫糖糕和太妃糖。
加拿大人忌讳数字13和星期五。遵循《圣经》中的摩西十诫,对圣人圣事不直呼其名。人楼梯下走过,忌打破玻璃制品,忌打翻盐罐。忌说"老"字,养老院称"保育院",老人称"高龄公民"。白色百合花用于丧礼,不能用作一般礼品。在家不吹口哨,不讲不吉利的事情,吃饭时不谈悲伤的事。忌食动物内脏和肥肉。
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美国文化习俗与社交礼义时,既有欧美文化的相同性,又存在着相异性。下面跟读文网小编一起看看美国文化中的五大象征和美国的风俗习惯吧。
自由女神像,芭比娃娃,《美国哥特式》,野牛镍币和山姆大叔称为美国文化的五大象征。美国人还把“山姆大叔”诚实可靠、吃苦耐劳以及爱国主义的精神视为自己民族的骄傲和共有的品质。
(1)、自由女神像。是法国在1876年赠送给美国独立100周年的礼物。自从自由女神像于1886年屹立于纽约湾起,它一直是对新到达的移民美国梦的许诺。美国的自由女神像坐落于美国纽约州纽约市附近的自由岛,是美国重要的观光景点。自由女神像重45万磅,高46米,底座高45米,其全称为“自由女神铜像国家纪念碑”,正式名称是“照耀世界的自由女神”。
(2)、芭比娃娃。创作芭比的灵感来源于美国一家玩具公司合作创始人handler夫妇的女儿芭芭拉,他们在一个德国的成人用性感洋娃娃的基础上于1959年推出了美国娃娃芭比。从此玩偶王后芭比娃娃几乎是所有女孩,甚至成年女性心仪的玩偶。
(3)、美国哥特式。《美国哥特式》是一幅画。美国哥特式建筑也许不那么出名,但画像中老屋上的哥特式窗户,尤其是那个农夫庄重的表情,还有那个长脖子的妻子使画家于1930年一夜成名。该幅画表现了美国农民庄重的自豪感。
(4)、野牛镍币。1911年,由美国著名艺术家詹姆斯厄尔弗雷泽开始设计,1913-1938年间成产的一种硬币。也是艺术家对美国西部开发的牺牲品野牛和印第安人的纪念。镍币上的野牛和印第安人都以真实的原型进行创作。弗雷泽在创作野牛画像的过程中,由于当时大草原上已不再有四出现散漫步的野牛,只好到纽约中央公园的动物园里素描一只年迈的野牛,两年后,这只野牛以仅100美元出售,然后被宰杀取肉制皮,牛角也被制成了墙饰品。野牛镍币是当今很多钱币爱好者最想要收集的硬币之一。
(5)、山姆大叔。是美国人的别名,他的形象是一个大高个,白头发,留一小撮白胡子,身着深蓝色外套,头顶星星点缀的高帽。“山姆大叔”这一绰号产生于1812年美英战争时期(美国独立战争时期)。纽约州的洛伊城有一位肉类包装商,名叫塞缪尔.威尔逊。他诚实能干,富于创业精神,在当地很有威信,人们亲切地叫他“山姆大叔”。战争期间,他担任纽约州和新泽西州的军需检验员,负责在供应军队的牛肉桶和酒桶上打戳。美国人还把“山姆大叔”诚实可靠、吃苦耐劳以及爱国主义的精神视为自己民族的骄傲和共有的品质。1961年,美国国会正式承认“山姆大叔”为美国的民族象征。
从历史的角度来讲美国是个年轻的国家,也是一个开放度高且充满现代意识的国家。美国人的特点为:性格外露、坦率、真挚、热情、自信,办事比较干脆利落。善于长谈,谈锋甚健,并不断地发表自己的见解,注重实际,追求物质上的实际利益。由于自信而善于施展策略,同时又十分欣赏那些精于讨价还价的洽谈对手。由于美国的经济实力及谈判方式,美国人对一揽子交易兴趣十足,并在气势上咄咄逼人。美国人在谈判中分工具体、职责明确,一旦条件符合即能迅速拍板,因而决策的速度很快。美国人工作节奏较快,谈判过程中常常在短时间内做好一笔大生意,有时甚至会从口袋里拿出一份早已拟好的协议让你签约成交。谈判中的期望值较高,但耐心不足。
下面从美国人的家庭、婚姻、节日、社交等方面简单了解下美国的风俗习惯
(1)、美国人的家庭
传统的美国家庭被称为“核心家庭”。核心家庭包含了先生、太太和小孩子,今日美国的一般家庭有二个或三个小孩(或者再加上几只宠物)。在一些文化里,大家庭住在一起,甚至好几代的人同住。在美国,只有极少的情况下才会有超过一个家庭同住一个屋檐下。
美国人看重对家人回家时热诚的欢迎。许多家庭用民主政治般的方式来治理,家中每个人都有发言权利,公平观念广泛存在于美国的家庭当中;除了敬畏之情外,孩子们也将父母亲当成好朋友,夫妇经常彼此共同分担家务;许多家庭的孩子在自己的卧室内享有隐私权;孩子们在很小的时候便有理财的责任,他们可能每个礼拜会有零用钱或是出去打工;父母亲常会给孩子们自己做决定的自由,学龄前的孩子可以自己选择穿什么衣服或买什么玩具,青年人则可自由选择职业及结婚的对象等。
(2)、美国人的婚姻
美国人在婚姻问题上,讲求感情第一:交往自由,择偶自由,爱情自由。男女恋爱,一般不需要媒人介绍,父母也很少干涉。讲求性爱自由是许多美国人的爱情观。他们认为,男女双方不必做过多的了解,美丽的外表、强壮的体魄、性感的诱惑,足以构成感情的基础。他们重视婚姻合同:结婚前,男女双方到律师事务所签定一份“婚姻合同”,主要内容是婚后的钱财归属、家务分担、离婚的前提条件等。他们还讲求离婚自由,把离婚当做喜事予以宴庆,整个社会的离婚率很高。
美国人传统的婚礼仪式无奇不有。一般来说,他们的婚礼着重突出“新、旧、借、蓝”的特点。所谓“新”,是指新娘须穿着崭新的雪白长裙,以示新生活的开始;“旧”是指新娘头上的白纱必须是旧的(一般是其母结婚时用过的),以示不忘父母的恩情;“借”是指新娘的手帕是向女友借来的,以示不忘友情;“蓝”是指新娘身披的缎带必须是蓝色的,以示她已经获得了赤诚的爱情。现代美国人的婚礼多在当地法院举行,由一名法官证婚并主持。新人往往不穿礼服,不收礼品,也不设喜宴。还有的婚礼在户外以野餐的形式举行,仅有双方的父母、兄妹等人参加即可。他们十分重视结婚周年纪念日,认为随着时光流逝,一年比一年珍贵。他们为各个婚后周年的所取的名称很有趣:第一年叫纸婚,第二年叫棉婚,依次下去是皮革婚、木婚、铁婚、铜婚、陶瓷婚、水晶婚等。从第十五年以后,每五年有一个名称,它们是:搪瓷婚、银婚、珠婚、珊瑚婚、红宝石婚、蓝宝石婚、翡翠婚、钻石婚。每逢这些节日,夫妻双方常互赠礼品、互致赞美和谢意,让对方感到欣慰。
(3)、美国人的节日
A、感恩节。每年11月的最后一个星期四是感恩节。感恩节是美国人民独创的一个古老节日,也是美国人全家欢聚的节日。每逢感恩节这一天,美国举国上下热闹非常。城乡市镇到处举行化装游行、戏剧表演和体育比赛等,学校和商店也都按规定放假休息。孩子们还模仿当年印第安人模样穿上离奇古怪的服装,画上脸谱或戴上面具到街上唱歌、吹喇叭。当天教堂里的人也格外多,按习俗人们在这里都要做感恩祈祷。美国人从小就习惯独立生活,劳燕分飞,各奔东西,而在感恩节,他们总是力争从天南地北归来,一家人团团围坐在一起,大嚼美味火鸡,畅谈往事,使人感到分外亲切、温暖。
B、圣诞节。是美国人最大最热闹的节日。每年12月25日,全国便沉浸在一派喜气洋洋的节日气氛中。从感恩节过后的第二天,美国人就开始为圣诞节大忙特忙起来。每家商店都是人流滚滚,商人们要鼓起如簧之舌,推销他们的各种货物,普通人也愿意趁此机会弃旧更新。圣诞夜是一个狂欢的夜晚。美国人常常通宵达旦地举行庆祝活动。人们在小杉树上或小松树上挂满礼物、彩花和彩灯,树顶上还装上一颗大星。大人们站在一旁欣赏圣诞树,孩子们更是手舞足蹈,甚至手拉手地围着圣诞树跳起欢快的舞蹈。在公共场所,贺年片上到处都有圣诞老我的形象。有时在家里也由一人扮成圣诞老人,为大家分发礼物。美国人庆祝圣诞简直可以称得上是狂欢。送礼物和装饰家庭,是他们最重要的庆祝方式。每个家庭,都放着大包的礼物。孩子们把袜子挂在火炉边,希望圣诞老人在深宵把礼物带来,放进袜子里。每一个家庭在12月中旬,便会在市场上选择一株称心满意的圣诞树并装饰得五彩缤纷。 青少年都爱在圣诞前夕和圣诞晚上举行派对,许多情窦初开的小伙子,视第一次参加圣诞舞会为人生大事呢!
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我们到泰国去旅行时,需要注意哪些泰国的习俗禁忌呢?下面是读文网小编带来泰国的风俗文化与禁忌须知,欢迎大家阅读!
泰国法律有很多章节阐述对宗教违法的行径,当中包括信众最多的佛教和其他信仰。比如:在任何宗教团体的崇拜会堂内,对所供奉的物象,作出任何方式类似侮辱其宗教的行径是非法的。同样,在一个合法的宗教崇拜集会引起任何滋扰;以衣著或符号蒙混他人,导信其为僧侣或任何宗教的神职人员,不论谁人也该受处罚。
具体地说,当参观宗教会堂时,以下是一些恰当的礼仪建议:
在伊斯兰教清真寺内,男士应该戴帽子,而女士则"密实"一点:应该穿上宽裤或长裙和一件钮扣至脖子的长袖宽衣,还要披上发巾。如寺前,所有人士均要脱去鞋子;若宗教集会进行时,寺内不予旅客浏览。
穿著鞋子--如在佛寺范围内参观,是可以的;但不应在供奉主要佛像之寺堂内穿著。请放心脱鞋吧!寺堂内的地板,一般是干净的。
衣著整齐--不要裸露上身,或穿著短裤,或其他不合适的服装。若您向身旁的泰国人取经,您会发现他们要求您的穿衣之道与您在自己国家内参与类同的场合所选取的,没有多大分别。
所有佛像,不论大小,完好或残破,均奉为圣物。因此,请勿攀爬佛像取景照相!一般的要求,是对佛像不作出"有欠尊重"的行为。
佛教僧侣均被禁止与女士触或受女士接触,或从女士手中取任何东西。如女士想把物件交予僧侣,则先把物件交予一位男士,由他代劳。或若,希望亲手送交,则僧侣须手持一段藏红花色的架裟或手帽,铺在面前,才可接受放下的物件。
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中秋节是流行于中国众多民族与汉字文化圈诸国的传统文化节日,时在农历八月十五;因其恰值三秋之半,故名,也有些地方将中秋节定在八月十六,那么大家知道怎么用英语介绍中秋节的习俗呢?下面是小编给大家整理的中秋节的习俗英文版介绍,希望对大家有所帮助。
On rumored ancient folk worship ugly no salt, pious worship during childhood on, grow up to superior moral palace, but do not drive. A full moon on August 15, Son of Heaven to see her in the moonlight, feeling that her beauty is outstanding, after she was Queen, Mid-Autumn Festival on the resulting worship. Mid-Chang, to beauty, known for young girls worship it on, willing to "look like the goddess of the moon, face as bright moon."
相传古代齐国丑女无盐,幼年时曾虔诚拜月,长大后,以超群品德入宫,但未被宠幸。某年八月十五赏月,天子在月光下见到她,觉得她美丽出众,后立她为皇后,中秋拜月由此而来。月中嫦娥,以美貌著称,故少女拜月,愿“貌似嫦娥,面如皓月”。
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摘要:为什么米尔恩把维尼叫做“Pooh”而不直接叫“bear”呢?鉴于大多数儿童(和大人,就此而言)对于“Pooh”是个啥有着不同的观点,那这个名字又是如何定下来的呢?
Since A.A. Milne published the first official Winnie The Pooh story in 1926, the character has become beloved by children across many generations.
But why is Winnie called a Pooh rather than a bear? Given that most children (and grown-ups, for that matter) have a different idea of what a Pooh is, how has the name stuck?
自从艾伦·亚历山大·米尔恩1926年推出小熊维尼的故事以来,这一形象就深受几代儿童的喜爱。
那为什么米尔恩把维尼叫做“Pooh”而不直接叫“bear”呢?鉴于大多数儿童(和大人,就此而言)对于“Pooh”是个啥有着不同的观点,那这个名字又是如何定下来的呢?
The answer lies back in the 1920s.
答案还得追溯到20世纪20年代。
In fact, when first introduced by Milne, Winnie wasn’t even Winnie. Initially, he went by the name of Edward Bear, before changing to Winnie in time for that aforementioned official 1926 debut. The "Winnie" part of the name came from a visit to the London Zoo, where Milne saw a black bear who had been named after the city of Winnipeg, Canada.
实际上,米尔恩一开始介绍维尼的时候,维尼还并不叫做“维尼”。一开始,米尔恩把维尼取名叫“Edward Bear”(爱德华熊),但在之前提到的1926年首次公开亮相时临了改名为维尼。“维尼”一词的灵感来源于米尔恩去伦敦动物园的一次参观,他在那里看到一只黑熊是以加拿大一座城市“Winnipeg”(温尼伯)命名的。
As for Pooh? Well, originally Pooh was a swan, a different character entirely.
至于“Pooh”?其实,“Pooh”本是一只天鹅,完完全全相距甚远的另一角色。
In the book When We Were Very Young (the same book that introduced Edward Bear), Milne wrote a poem, telling how Christopher Robin would feed the swan in the mornings.
在《当我们小的时候》一书中(米尔恩也是在这本书中介绍了爱德华熊),米尔恩作了一首诗,介绍了克里斯托弗·罗宾在早上是怎样喂食天鹅的。
He told how Christopher Robin had given the swan the name "Pooh," explaining that “this is a very fine name for a swan, because if you call him and he doesn’t come (which is a thing swans are good at), then you can pretend that you were just saying ‘Pooh!’ to show him how little you wanted him."
他还介绍了克里斯托弗·罗宾是怎样给这只天鹅取名为“维尼”的,究其原因则是因为“这个名字再适合不过了,因为当你呼唤天鹅的时候它并不会过来(这不就是天鹅擅长做的么<高冷>),那样的话你就可以假装只是在叫“Pooh”,自己没有那么想要它过来啦(傲娇的常惯伎俩2333)”
The names "Winnie" and "Pooh" were soon brought together, and Winnie the Pooh was born. Milne still took a little time out to explain why Winnie was a Pooh, though.
之后“Winnie”和“Pooh”两个词很快就组合到一起了。虽然米尔恩还是要花些时间来解释为什么维尼是一只“Pooh”.
As he would write in the first chapter of the first Winnie the Pooh book, “But his arms were so stiff ... they stayed up straight in the air for more than a week, and whenever a fly came and settled on his nose he had to blow it off. And I think—but I am not sure—that that is why he is always called Pooh."
正如米尔恩在第一本“小熊维尼”的第一章节写到“它的手臂是如此的僵硬……他们经常一熬夜就是一个多礼拜。弄得如果一只苍蝇飞到它鼻子上的时候,维尼不得不用嘴把苍蝇吹走(发出“Pu”的声音=“Pooh”)。所以我想(虽然不是很确定)这可能就是维尼叫做“Pooh”原因了。
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摘要:每个人不会公开自己的成就和失败。别人在任何领域的成绩都只是自己的成绩。这和印度相比就不一样,在那里人们都会炫耀他们的财富,会告诉每个人自己的成就。
Q: What facts about the United States do foreigners not believe until they come to America?
问:有哪些事情是外国人没去美国之前不会相信的?
获得9.2k好评的答案@ Aniruddh Chaturvedi
Everyone is highly private about their accomplishments and failures. Someone's performance in any field is their performance alone. This is different compared to India where people flaunt their riches and share their accomplishments with everybody else.
每个人不会公开自己的成就和失败。别人在任何领域的成绩都只是自己的成绩。这和印度相比就不一样,在那里人们都会炫耀他们的财富,会告诉每个人自己的成就。
哪些事不去美国不知道
Rich people are thin/ well maintained, poor people are fat. This stems from the fact that cheap food is fatty, rich people don't eat cheap food — they tend to eat either home-cooked food which is expensive or eat at expensive / healthy places. Unfortunately, it is expensive to be healthy in America.
富人很瘦/保养很好,而穷人很胖。这个道理源于现实——因为廉价食品含油脂多,而富人不吃廉价食品——他们一般吃自己家里做的食品(这些食品很贵)或者在有高价健康食品的地方吃饭。不幸的是,在美国,健康是昂贵的。
Fat people are not respected much in society. Being fat often has the sameconnotations as being irresponsible towards your body. If you're thin (and tall, but not as much), people will respect you a lot more and treat you better. You will also receive better customer service if you're well maintained. This extends my previous point which mentioned that if you're thin, you're statistically likely to be rich. Reason why I know this is that I went down from being 210lbs to 148-150lbs. The way people started treating me when I was thin was generally way better than the way I was treated when I was fat. As a small example, the Starbucks baristas were much nicer to me and made me drinks with more care.
胖子在社会上不太受尊重,因为肥胖通常就暗示你对自己的身体不负责任。如果你很瘦(而且很高,但又不是特别瘦,特别高),人们就会更尊重你,对你更好。如果你保养得好,你就会受到更好地客户服务。这个道理就是我之前提到过的“如果你很瘦,那你一般来说就比较富裕”的延伸。我是在我从210磅减到148-150磅的时候明白这个道理的。我瘦的时候比我胖的时候受到的对待要好得多,举个简单的例子,星巴克里的咖啡员对我就比之前好得多,做饮料的时候也更用心。
Almost every single person in America has access to basic food, clothing, water and sanitation. I haven't been to states like Louisiana and cities like Detroit, but from what I can tell, nobody is scrambling for the basic necessities required for sustenance.
在美国,几乎每个人都能得到基本的食物、衣服、水和公共卫生。我还没去过路易斯安那之类的州以及底特律之类的城市,但是在我看来,没有人需要为了维持生计、为了基础的生活必需品拼死拼活。
Americans waste a lot of food. It is very easy to buy in bulk because it's so much cheaper and as a result a lot of wastage occurs.
美国人浪费了非常多的食物。因为太便宜所以大家都会大量购买,结果就是大量食物被浪费。
Obsession with coffee — Starbucks, Dunkin' etc is crowded with office-goers and students every morning. I don't understand why they can't drink or make coffee before leaving for work. Such a waste of money! ($5/day * 5days / week * 52weeks/year)!
对咖啡非常痴迷——每天早上星巴克和康恩都乐等店里都挤满了上班族和学生。我不明白他们为什么不在上班前去喝或者制作咖啡。太浪费钱了(5美元/天*5天/周*52周/年)!
Support towards the LGBT community — it's fairly normal to be part of the LGBT community; it's not considered a mortal sin if you like someone in your own gender or if you aren't comfortable being male/female/etc. Proof of this is the LGBT Pride Day held in every city.
对同性恋团体的支持——成为同性恋团体中的一员是很正常的事;如果你喜欢同性或者你觉得自己作为一个男人/女人哪里不对,都不会被认为是弥天大罪,证据就是每座城市都会举办LGBT骄傲日。
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摘要:也许你认为自己去英语国家旅游完全没问题,再仔细想想!不同的英语国家对于同一个英文单词可能有不同的理解。看看哪8个单词会令你在其他英语国家遭遇尴尬吧。
You may think it's easy to communicate when you're visiting another English-speaking country, but think again! Certain words mean something entirely different on the other side of the world. Read on to see which eight words could cause you embarrassment across the pond or down under.
也许你认为自己去英语国家旅游完全没问题,再仔细想想!不同的英语国家对于同一个英文单词可能有不同的理解。看看哪8个单词会令你在其他英语国家遭遇尴尬吧。
1PantsBe careful who you tell in the U.K. that you have to go pants shopping—across the pond, "pants" means "underwear." When you're talking about jeans and khakis, you should call them "trousers."
在英国,如果你和人家说你要去买“pants”(美式英语中意为“长裤”),那意思是你要买“内裤”。如果你要买的是牛仔裤或卡其裤,你应该用“trousers”这个词。
出国要慎用的8个英文单词
Avoid Using In: The U.K., Ireland
避免使用的国家:英国、爱尔兰
2FannyOwn a fanny pack? In most other English-speaking countries, they're called "bum bags" because "fanny" is slang for a part of the female anatomy (and no, we're not talking about the rear end). So don't tell someone to stop being lazy and get off their fanny, either!
你有“fanny pack”(美式英语中意为“腰包”)吗?在大多数英语国家,“腰包”更多地被称作“bum bags”,因为“fanny”是对女性私处的俚语说法(没错,我们说的不是臀部)。所以也千万不要对别人说:别懒了,抬起“fanny”干活吧!
Avoid Using In: The U.K., Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa
避免使用的国家:英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚、新西兰、南非
3PissedIn America, we may get "pissed off" when we're angry, but the Brits and Irish who are "pissed" are extremely intoxicated. "Taking the piss," however, means "to make fun of," not "to get drunk."
在美国,我们生气时会说“get pissed off”,但是英国人和爱尔兰人如果说“pissed”,意思是烂醉如泥。不过“taking the piss”意思是“取笑”,而不是“喝醉”。
Avoid Using In: The U.K., Ireland, Australia, New Zealand
避免使用的国家:英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚、新西兰
4BangsPrepare for weird looks if you're bragging about your new "bangs" in England. A forehead-covering haircut over there is referred to as a "fringe" instead. Overseas, "bangs" is more commonly used as the somewhat vulgar slang that it is interchangeable with in America.
如果你在英国炫耀自己的新“bangs”(刘海),恐怕不少人会向你投去怪怪的眼神。在那里“刘海”被叫做“fringe”而不是“bangs”。在美国以外的地方,“bangs”是一种粗俗的俚语说法。
Avoid Using In: Anywhere outside of North America
避免使用的国家:北美以外的任何国家
5KnobAmericans hear the word "knob" and think "doorknob" or "lever." It has a much dirtier meaning in other countries, like Australia and the U.K., where it's an insult or slang for a part of the male anatomy. Now you'll know to be offended if someone calls you a "knob head."
美国人听到“knob”这个词想到的是“门把手”。但是在澳大利亚和英国等其他国家,“knob”的意思要“黄”得多。在那里国家,“knob”指的是男子生殖器的一部分。现在你知道别人叫你“knob head” 你应该是什么反应了吧。
Avoid Using In: The U.K., Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa
避免使用的国家:英国、爱尔兰、澳大利亚、新西兰、南非
6RootAmericans may "root around" looking for a lost object, but Australians and New Zealanders use the term to refer to having sex.
美国人用“root around”来指“寻找”失物,但澳大利亚人和新西兰人用这个词组指代发生性关系。
Avoid Using In: Australia, New Zealand
避免使用的国家:澳大利亚、新西兰
7PullIf someone "pulled" last night in the U.K., they're probably not talking about pulling a muscle or drawing something apart. It's commonly used as slang for successfully picking up someone while out on the town. Likewise, "going on the pull" means that someone is going out with the express goal of getting some action.
如果在英国某人昨晚“pulled”,他们很可能不是在说肌肉拉伤或是把什么东西拉开,而是指外出时成功“钓”到某人。同样,“going on the pull” 意思是某人为了猎艳而出动。
Avoid Using In: The U.K., Ireland
避免使用的国家:英国、爱尔兰
8BuggerIf you affectionately call your child or pet "little bugger," you might want to reconsider doing so in pretty much any other English-speaking country. In most other places, from Canada to Australia, it is commonly used as an expletive similar to the f-word.
在美国,如果你亲切地叫你的孩子或宠物“little bugger”(小家伙),到其他讲英语的国家可千万别这么说。在大多数其他英语国家,如加拿大和澳大利亚,“bugger”都是骂人的话,相当于“fuck”。
Avoid Using In: Most places outside of America
避免使用的国家:美国以外的其他国家
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雅思写作的提高不仅需要自己勤加练习,还要多读多看,下面是读文网网小编为您整理的雅思大作文范文二篇,希望考生能从中受到启发,提高雅思写作成绩!
Different people might choose to visit different places due to their different places of birth,family conditions, relevant experiences, and even different levels of education. People who wereborn in New York are less likely to be interested in New York any more for the simple reasonthat everything is just too familiar already. Children from less well-off families might find itdifficult to afford a visit to a faraway place. Those who have been working in Tokyo for years aresurely looking forward to touring around places out of town. Places with numerous sites ofhistorical interest may not be so appealing to people with only a primary school education.Things are just like this in our real life. With all aspects considered, the most desirable placethat I can think of going to at present is Xi'an in China for the simple reason that I have neverbeen yet.
Firstly, I would like to visit places where I have never been to. Xi'an, as a famous city withprofound historical and cultural significance in China, enjoys a history that can be dated backto several thousand years ago. From the first dynasty when China became a unified country,namely the Qin Dynasty, this place was the capital of successive dynasties, thus it has many asite of historical and cultural heritage. As the saying goes: If you want to acquire a sense ofhistory about China, visit Xi'an. A visit to these heritages, I am sure, will let me learn aboutwhat China was like in the past and how people lived at ancient times. I've long heard of thefamous Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses of the First Emperor—Qin Shihuang, and have seenrelevant pictures of it: really grand and exquisite, next to none in the world. However, I havenever seen it on site with my own eyes, which could be a kind of regret. Therefore, I want tohave this dream of mine realized at the earliest possible time.
Secondly, I would like to try the local delicacies of Xi'an. I was long told about the uniqueflavor of the local cuisine there, which is so different from the food cooked in my hometown.Moreover, many people who were back from Xi'an are commenting so much favorably on thefood there and are actually making no effort to hide their liking of certain dishes, giving me theimpression that it would be a regret-whole-life thing if one does not try them in person. So onand so forth, this makes another reason which urges me to go to Xi'an for a visit.
Of course, there are countless places that I have never been to, both at home and abroad:Sichuan, Chongqing, Xijiang, Tibet, Paris, Berlin, to name just a few. I know to the best of myknowledge that they all have their distinct features which hold so much attraction to me and Iwill definitely visit all of them when conditions allow. However, for the time being, I just want togo to Xi'an.
Above are two main reasons for me to have decided to visit Xi'an. Whatever others may think,for me alone, they do make sense.
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为了帮助考生们更好地复习雅思考试,读文网网为各位考生整理了文化类雅思考试大作文范文,供考生们参考使用。
These days, different ways are being taken toprotect cultural identity. Obviously, not only ismuch contribution made to maintain old houses butalso rules of laws associated with cultural protectionare changed for the better. Some people even saythat new buildings are right to be set up in theconventionalway. I seem to be one of opponentswho believe that the action can be unsuitable in ourworld.
One of the main reasons is that most of traditional buildings, in my nation, that offerprovide few rooms can hardly hard to meet the demands for housing as increasing numbers ofpeople pour into the city. Compared to before, today's population has doubled and eventrebled, which puts seriouspressure on housing supply. As a result, new buildings must besubstituted for old ones that have more efficient utility, even for some old buildings that havebeen damaged seriously.
No doubts that building or maintaining traditional buildings is very essential to raise artsense and increase choices of people's housing. Plus, these old houses are believed as veryimportant resources to attract international visitors. However, the proportionof traditionalhouses has to be under control, and otherwise the housing of citizens is badly affected.
Overall, my view is that cultural identity is so preciousthat more efforts and measuresshould be taken but carefully. The excellent tradition helps with deep understanding of history,and educates youths. Nevertheless a simple and recklessbehavior. that new buildings are built ina typical way does more harm than good in the improvement of people's being.
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文化是一种社会现象,是人们长期创造形成的产物,同时又是一种历史现象,是社会历史的积淀物。确切地说,文化是凝结在物质之中又游离于物质之外的,能够被传承的国家或民族的历史、地理、风土人情、传统习俗、生活方式、文学艺术、行为规范、思维方式、价值观念等,是人类之间进行交流的普遍认可的一种能够传承的意识形态。那么你知道文化用英语怎么说吗?下面来学习一下吧。
civilization
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美国是一个高度发达的资本主义国家,因其较为健全的法律制度、健康的生活环境、顶尖的教育资源等,吸引着世界各地的人来这里追逐美国梦。那么你想多了解一下有关美国的文化吗?下面是读文网小编为大家带来有关美国文化经典美文双语,欢迎大家阅读欣赏!
An American friend has invited you to visit his family. You've never been to an American's home before, and you're not sure what to do.Should you take a gift? How should you dress? What time should you arrive? What should you do when you get there? Glad you asked. When you're the guest, you should just make yourself at home. That's what hospitality is all about: making people feel at home when they're not.
一位美国朋友邀请你去他家。你以前从未去过美国人的家,你不确定该怎么做。该带一个礼物吗?该怎么穿?该几点到?到了那里该做什么?很高兴你发问。你若是客人,只要使自己感到自在就好了.待客之道就是这样:虽然不是在家里,却使客人有宾至如归之感。
The question of whether or not to bring a gift often makes guests squirm. Giving your host a gift is not just a social nicety in some cultures-it's expected. But in American culture , a guest is not obligated to bring a present, Of course, some people do bring a small token of appreciation to their host. Appropriate gifts for general occasions might be flowers, candy or-if the family has small children'toys. If you choose not to bring a gift, don't worry. No one will even notice.
是否带礼物的问题常使客人不安。在某些文化中,送主人礼物不只是社交礼节——还是必要的。但是在美国文化中,客人并不一定要带礼物。当然,有些人的确会带个表示感谢的小礼物给他们的主人.一般情况下,可以带花或是糖果.如果这家人有小孩,玩具应当是恰当的礼物。如果你选择不带礼物,不要担心,没有人会注意到的。
American hospitality begins at home-especially when it involves food. Most Americans agree that good home cooking beats restaurant food any day. When invited for a meal, you might ask, "Can I bring anything?"Unless it's. a potluck, where everyone brings a_dish, the host will probably respond, "No,just yourself." For most informal dinners, you should wear comfortable, casual clothes. Plan to arrive on time, or else call to inform your hosts of the delay. During the dinner conversation:it's customary to compliment the hostess on the wonderful meal. Of course, the biggest compliment is to eat lots of food!
美国人的待客之道从家里开始——尤其是和食物有关。大多数美国人都同意,无论如何,好的家常菜胜过餐馆的菜。受邀吃饭时,你或许问:"我可以带些什么吗?" 除非是每人带道菜的聚餐,否则主人很可能会回答: 不用,你来就可以了. 大多数非正式的聚餐,你应该穿舒适、轻便的衣服。设法准时到,否则打电话告诉主人你会晚点到。用餐时,习惯上,人们会称赞女主人烹调的美食。当然,最大的赞美是多吃!
When you've had plenty, you might offer to clear the table or wash the dishes. But since you're the guest, your hosts may not let you. Instead, they may invite everyone to move to the living room for dessert with tea or coffee. After an hour or so of general chitchat, it's probably time to head for the door. You don't want to wear out your welcome. And above all,don't go snooping around the house. It's more polite to wait for the host to offer you a guided tour. But except for housewarmings, guests often don't get past the living room.
当你吃得差不多时,或许可以主动表示要帮忙清理桌子或洗碗盘,但你既是客人,你的主人可能不会让你这样做。他们或许会邀请大家到客厅吃点心、喝茶或咖啡。聊个大约一小时或许就该离去了,你可不希望变得不受欢迎吧。还有最重要的是不要在屋子里四处窥探,等主人邀请你参观才较有礼貌。可是除了乔迁喜宴之外,客人通常都只待在客厅里。
Americans usually like to have advance notice when people come to see them. Only very close friends drop by unannounced. This is especially true if the guests want to stay for a few days. Here's a good ruleof thumb for house guests: Short stays are best. As one 19th century French writer put it, "The first day a man is a guest, the second a burden, the third a pest." Even relatives don't usually stay for several weeks at a time.While you're staying with an Amencan family, try to keep your living area neat and tidy. Your host family will appreciate your consideration.And they may even invite you back!
美国人通常喜欢访客事先通知他们,只有非常亲密的朋友才可能不请自来,尤其在客人要待好几天时更是如此。最好不要久留——这是给访客的经验之谈。就像19世纪一位法国作家所写的那样:“第一天是客人,第二天是负担,第三天就是讨厌鬼了."既使是亲戚通常不会一次待上几个星期. 当你住在美国人家里时,设法使你住的地方保持整齐清洁。你的主人_家都会感谢你这么体贴,他们甚至会再邀请你!
Most Americans consider themselves hospitable people. Folks in the southem United States, m particular, take pride in entertaining guests.In fact,southern hospitality" has become legendary. But in all parts of America, people welcome their guests with open arms. So don't be surprised to find the welcome mat out for you. Just don't forget to wipe your feet.
大多数美国人都认为他们是好客之人。尤其是美国的南方人更以款待客人自豪,事实上,"南方的款待"是人们所津津乐道、口口相传的。不过在美国各地,人们都张开双臂欢迎他们的客人,所以当你发现有WELCOME字样的鞋垫时,不要惊讶,只是别忘了把你的脚擦干净就是了.
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中国传统文化多种多样,继承和保护这些传统文化是我们每个人的责任。下面读文网小编为大家带来有关保护传统文化英语作文,供大家参考学习!
It is widely noted that lots of traditional culture is disappearing along with the development of technology. Many ancient architectures and traditional ways of living have been deserted. It seems that the traditional culture and craftsmanship will be replaced in this modern era.
The following reasons can account for the above phenomenon. Firstly, traditional technologies are always considered ineffective while the new sciences are always highly efficient, because modern science and technology facilitate both our daily and academic life a lot, with which we can save much money and time. Secondly, it is costly to protect the traditional culture, especially the maintenance and repair of the historical buildings.
In my opinion, although traditional culture is an ancient heritage, it couldn't keep pace with the development of society. It is the tide of history that the traditional culture and technology will no doubt be eliminated in the end.
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企业文化是在一定的条件下,企业生产经营和管理活动中所创造的具有该企业特色的精神财富和物质形态。其中价值观是企业文化的核心。企业文化是企业的灵魂,是推动企业发展的不竭动力。那么你知道企业文化用英语怎么说吗?下面来学习一下吧。
business culture
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中国饮食文化可以从时代与技法、地域与经济、民族与宗教、食品与食具、消费与层次、民俗与功能等多种角度进行分类,展示出不同的文化品味。那么你知道饮食文化用英语怎么说吗?下面读文网小编为大家带来饮食文化的英语说法,供大家学习。
1. Peng lai xian Hotel Survey Fresh classical North - South . Whose food culture trend.
蓬莱仙大酒店汇集 南北 经典名食, 引领饮食文化潮流.
2. To banana leaves, eat, see, feel, is a natural food culture!
去蕉叶, 吃的, 看到的, 感受到的, 是一种自然流露的饮食文化!
3. Quite. China is a country with a splendid catering culture.
没错, 中国是个饮食文化非常丰富的国家.
4. Today, Romeo is going to find out the best of tasting crab.
今天, 罗密欧将带我们深入认识有关于蟹的饮食文化.
5. In cooking culture, the local snack has representativeness most.
在饮食文化中, 地方小吃最具有代表性.
6. Many changes are taking place in China's diet style.
中国的饮食文化具有悠久的历史.
7. As a form of material culture, catering culture is all - embracing field.
饮食文化属于物质文化, 是最为基础的文化类型,广泛地渗透于人类生活的方方面面.
8. A long history, deep inside the long unique food culture in Handan.
悠久的历史, 深厚的底蕴早就了邯郸独特的饮食文化.
9. Here are some differences between American and Chinese dining cultures.
以下是中美饮食文化之间的一些差异.
10. Chinese cooking culture aa remote source with its content accumulated in various ancient classics.
中国的饮食文化源远流长,其内容积淀在各类典籍之中.
11. The diet culture also praises of cultural relations Central Africa language culture important components.
饮食文化也是夸文化交际中非语言文化重要组成部分之一.
12. As a carrier of culture, jiao zi is typical of traditional Chinese cuisine culture.
作为一个文化的载体, 饺子是中国传统饮食文化的象征.
13. Cross - cultural communication under the globalized situation make various constant complementation and compatibility of cooking culture.
全球化态势下的 跨 文化交际使得多样的饮食文化不断的互补与兼容.
14. Chaoshan food culture develop own school, the name loud time nation - wide of tide vegetable.
汕头的饮食文化独树一帜, 潮菜的名字响遍全国.
15. This paper first gives an introduction about the Chinese and Western food culture.
本文首先给出了一个关于中国和西方饮食文化的介绍.
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传统文化就是文明演化而汇集成的一种反映民族特质和风貌的民族文化,是民族历史上各种思想文化、观念形态的总体表征。下面读文网小编为大家带来传统文化的英语说法,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
中国传统文化 The Traditional Culture of China
传统文化资源 traditional cultural resources
新加坡传统文化协会 Singapore Heritage Society
地方传统文化产业 Local Traditional Vulture Industry
中华传统文化精髓 traditional Chinese cultural quintessence
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波兰是中欧国家,每年的5~9月是波兰最美丽的时候,天气温暖而阳光明媚,9月被誉为“波兰金色秋天”的开始。那么你知道波兰用英语怎么说吗?下面读文网小编为大家带来波兰的英语说法,欢迎大家学习!
1. He did not get a chance to deepen his knowledge of Poland.
他没有机会更深入地了解波兰。
2. The finance minister will continue to mastermind Poland's economic reform.
财政部长将继续策划波兰的经济改革。
3. Pope John Paul celebrated mass today in a city in central Poland.
教皇保罗二世今天在波兰中部的一个城市主持了弥撒。
4. Those killed have been described as the flower of Polish manhood.
那些牺牲者被称为波兰男子中的精英。
5. The president persuaded the West to write off Polish debts.
总统说通西方免除波兰的债务。
6. General Rudnicki was a moral beacon for many exiled Poles.
鲁德尼茨基将军是众多被放逐的波兰人精神上的引路人。
7. Polish workers will now be making component parts for Boeing 757s.
现在波音757飞机的组成部件将由波兰工人制造。
8. The press conference was broadcast live on Polish television.
波兰电视台现场直播了记者招待会。
9. We then headed west towards the heartland of Poland.
我们随后朝西前往波兰中部。
10. Germany, however, insists on restrictions on the import of Polish coal.
但是德国坚持对进口波兰煤炭加以限制.
11. They argue that only private capitalists can remake Poland's economy.
他们认为,只有私人资本家才能重振波兰经济。
12. The extreme case was Poland, where 29 parties won seats.
极端的例子是波兰,共有29个政党拥有议席。
13. He had led the conquest of southern Poland in 1939.
1939年,他指挥了攻占波兰南部的行动。
14. It was a close run thing before Spain beat Poland 3-2.
比赛难分高下,最终西班牙以3比2击败波兰。
15. He was a courier for the Polish underground and parachuted into Warsaw.
他是波兰地下组织的情报员,被空降到华沙。
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文化是,或者说应该是,对完美的研究和追求;而文化所追求的完美以美与智为主要品质。今天读文网小编在这里为大家分享关于文化的英语句子,欢迎大家阅读!
从城市保护的角度看,文物与文化不是一个概念。
From the perspective of city protection, cultural relics and cultural is not a concept.
智慧是知识凝结的宝石,文化是智慧放出的异彩。
Wisdom is the gem of condensed knowledge, culture is the extraordinary splendour of wisdom.
文化不会因为一个国家的贫穷,而失掉它的价值。
Culture won't because of the poverty of a country, and lost its value.
舞蹈跳的就是文化,跳的就是一个人的文化底蕴。
Dance dance is culture, is a person's cultural background.
人生来本是一个蛮物,惟有文化才使他高出于禽兽。
To this is a pretty things in life, but the culture makes him above a beast.
我们一起创建的是团队的文化,而不是抱怨的文化。
We are creating a team culture together, instead of complaining about culture.
知识是珍贵宝石的结晶,文化是宝石放出来的光泽。
Knowledge is the crystallization of the precious gems, culture is the luster of the gem released.
只有整个社会具有文化良心,我们的文化才有希望。
Only the whole social cultural conscience, our culture is hope.
他是有理想,没道德,有文化,没纪律的复合型人才。
He didn't has the ideal, morality, culture, discipline is the inter-disciplinary talent.
既不是职业作家,也不是业余写手,见了文化绕着走。
Is not a professional writer, or is not amateur, see culture around the way.
只有读者有精神粮食可以消费,那文学才能一直活下去!
Only the reader can have spiritual food consumption, the literature can survive all the time!
文化不能从上向下压,因为它应该是从下面高涨起来的。
Culture cannot be from top to down, because it should be rising from the bottom up.
劳动永远是人类生活的基础,是创造人类文化幸福的基础。
Labor is the foundation of human life, forever is the basis of the creates happiness in the human culture.
书不仅是生活,而且是现在、过去和未来文化生活的源泉。
Book is not only the life, and it is now, in the past, and the source of cultural life in the future.
真正的文化以同情和赞美为生,而不是以憎厌和轻蔑为生。
The real cultural sympathy and praise for a living, instead of living with hate and contempt.
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