为您找到与如何更好的提高英语课堂效率相关的共200个结果:
上了中学,同学们遇到的一个重要问题,就是如何在课堂上记好英语笔记。很多同学没有养成记英语课堂笔记的习惯,到了考试的时候,就到处借同学的笔记看。要知道,这可是学习的大忌啊。为什么要如此强调记英语笔记的重要呢?
我把英语课堂笔记该记的内容分为五个方面,下面说说怎样分头来记。
1、加音标,标重音。每单元的英语课文都有不少生词、一词多音和容易读错的英语单词,某些英语单词作名词和动词的发音不同,如'record(n.)和re'cord(vt.)。将英语音标和重音记在被注的单词上边,并要求学生在朗读课文时重视所注的音标和重读音节。这样,一旦课文读熟,那些单词的正确读音也就熟记在心了。
2、诠释。英语中有不少生词、多义词、短语、习惯语和难句需要用简单的英语或汉语来解释。如:argue争吵(to quarrel or disagree angrily with someone);forture财富(great wealth)。在课文学习过程中,注释的重点是一些较难的名词、短语和重点句型,而不必每个句子都解释。注释文字书写位置的原则是“就近”,即尽可能记在被解释的单词旁边,以便在阅读课文时被注视。若解释的英文单词较多,原文旁边写不下或记下去因单词太多书写太密而不清晰时,可记在相对较近的空白处,注释文字与被注文字之间可划一直线连接。也可记录在词汇表中该单词的后面。
3、划重点。我指导学生用五角星标出新句型、用三角形标出旧句型、用圆圈标出介词或冠词、用方框标出新的短语和词组、用直线或水浪曲线划出英语课文中的关键句,科普文、议论文中表明作者中心论点的句子。语法和练习中的一些重点、难点也该划出来,以便引起重视。
4、分析难点。学生阅读英语课文,不断会遇到一些难点,经过老师的讲解,或与同学一起讨论有些可能当场已经完全理解,有的还似懂非懂。不管怎样,边听边记下析难的文字,既有利于课后消化,也有利于复习回顾。
5、拓展。英语词汇表和一些参考书中对某些单词和词组的解释不够全面,有些只讲了名词的意思,而未说明作动词、形容词等的意义。老师应该让学生自己查词典或告诉他们别的用法,并让他们记录下来。比如学习了名词health(健康),应该让他们记下形容词healthy、以及副词healthily
总之,教学生作书边笔记,不仅要规定记,而且要有规有矩地记,尤其是刚开始时,连记在什么地方,英语单词的大小也应讲清楚。特别是较难的课文,要记的内容多,如果记得不当,或单词太大,最终连自己也看不懂。所以教师要作好示范,把自己作的书边笔记复印下去,让学生模仿。事后可抽查学生的课本,一旦发现问题,当面指导。当今的中学生课业负担很重,往往是被动学习,忙于应付,一些好的学习习惯要教师反复强调、不断督促才能养成。培养学生掌握科学的学习方法,养成良好的学习习惯,提高学习效率对他们来说是终身受益的。
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工作效率高会让你在职场上更加顺利。接下来小编为大家整理了如何提高工作的效率,希望对你有帮助哦!
前晚规划好早上要做的事
Pretend you are in middle school: Pack your lunch, set out your clothes, organize your to-do list and email, put the keys, bus pass, and your purse in one place. When the alarm sounds you will be more likely to pop out of bed, shower, get dressed, and jump on the productivity train stress free。
像在学生时代一样准备好要做的事:包好午饭,选好衣服,列好即将要做的事和要看的邮件,把钥匙、交通卡和钱包放在同一个地方。如果这些都提前做好,当早晨闹钟响起,你更有可能马上起床、冲澡、穿衣,富有效率也不用急吼吼的赶时间。
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摘要:为纽约时报药物与科学采访撰稿的本尼迪克特· 凯里是《如何学习》的作者。她说,很多关于学习和专注的理论都已经过时了。就拿每天要在同样的地方学习这一条来说,“辅助记忆的话,没必要非得坐同一张椅子,同一个隔间,同一个房间。”凯里这样说,“换个环境反倒会有助于记忆。”
School is starting, and students across the country are about to spend a lot of time in the classroom and in the library. And as they crack their textbooks open, they're going to hear a lot of familiar advice about how to study right. “Sit still, in a quiet place. Avoid distractions. Keep your focus on the book. Put away your devices. Study in the same place every day. Practice discipline and make studying into a routine.” But that's not the only way to learn, and brain science is increasingly suggesting alternatives.
Benedict Carey, who covers medicine and science for the The New York Times, is the author of How We Learn. He says that many of the old adages about studying and focus are outdated.Take the idea of studying in the same place every day. "You don't have to have the same chair, the same cubicle, the same room, to do your memorization," Carey says, "Changing context, changing environment aids retention."
又到了开学季,全国各地的学生们很多时间都花费在教室和图书馆里。当他们打开教科书时,就又将听到一套关于如何学习的不能再熟悉的理论。“要坐得住,环境要清幽,不能分心,专注于你的书本,把电子设备拿开,每天在同样的地方学习,有规律地学习。”但是这并不是学习的唯一之路,而且我们的大脑总是会给出与之相左的建议。
为纽约时报药物与科学采访撰稿的本尼迪克特· 凯里是《如何学习》的作者。她说,很多关于学习和专注的理论都已经过时了。就拿每天要在同样的地方学习这一条来说,“辅助记忆的话,没必要非得坐同一张椅子,同一个隔间,同一个房间。”凯里这样说,“换个环境反倒会有助于记忆。”
Interview Highlights
采访要点
On discipline and learning
关于自律和学习
A lot of people think learning is all discipline. And it turns out scientists have discovered, that it doesn't work that way. The brain is a foraging instrument. And once you appreciate that, you're able to take some pressure off yourself to not worry that you're doing things right all the time and to have a tactical plan when you study for something.
很多人认为学习需要自律。但是科学家发现事实并非如此。大脑是一个采集工具。如果你意识到这点,就能放松许多而不是总去担心是否做对了某件事,或者是否采取了正确的学习策略。
On how we typically study vs. how we learn life skills
关于我们如何学习以及如何习得生活技能
We know that quiet study, ritual, all those things we assume to be true, assume to be self-evident, those are only one way to study. A lot of things we've learned, whether it's to cook or ride a bicycle or socialize, we've done those piecemeal. The brain is very good at learning on the fly during daily life.
我们习惯于安静地学习,我们假设这种方法是正确的,是不言而明的,但它们只是学习的方法之一。在我们学习烹饪、骑自行车或者社交时,都是一点一点学会的。大脑非常擅长在日常生活中学到新东西。
On the value of distractions — including digital ones
关于分散注意力的价值——包括电子设备
Distraction is one of those things everybody is worried about — certainly every parent, with the iPhones and people jumping on Facebook and so on. And of course if you're spending your entire time tooling around on Facebook, you're not studying, so that's a problem.
大家都在担心自己会注意力不集中,尤其是家长们,或者拿着Iphone总是刷Facebook的人们。而且如果你总是刷Facebook的话,你也不会是在学习了,这的确是个问题。
However, there's a whole bunch of science looking at problem-solving. In problem-solving, when you get stuck, you've run out of ideas, distraction is really your best friend. You need to stand up, let it go — walk around the block, go to the cafe, drink a beer, whatever it is — and that is really your best shot at loosening the gears a little bit and allowing yourself to take a different and more creative approach to the problem.
然而,有很多解决这个问题的办法。在学习中,如果你遇到了瓶颈而无计可施时,适当地分心无疑是很好的选择。站起来先不去想它,走一走,喝杯咖啡,来瓶啤酒都可以。这会让你适当放松并且能对遇到的问题有不同的、更有创意的想法。
On testing as a study tool, not just an evaluation
关于将考试作为学习方法,而不是考核标准
There's a lot of interesting research now looking at using testing as a study tool ... self-examination, or even doing tests before a course starts, are both very intriguing, interesting and possibly sort of revolutionary approaches to learning.
现在很多有意思的调查都将考试视作一种学习方法。自我检测,或者在课程开始之前就考一次试,这些都是很有趣的,并且可能成为某种改革学习的方式。
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学生学习英语是从学习音标开始的,通过对音标的学习,学生掌握了单词的发音,从而顺利地读出英语,再进一步学习语法、句型等.英语教师要重视音标在英语学习中的重要作用,强化学生对音标的学习,使其快速地掌握英语单词,为以后的英语学习奠定良好的基础.
目的:运用英语音标拼读单词,教学生自己拼读,并要拼得准确。
最后,对教英语音标总的说明:
1、利用学生们十分熟悉的汉语拼音排序来记英语音标,易记;2、在读音标时,不能把汉语拼音和英语音标混淆地读,相同是什么、不同是什么,尤其要分别读准。
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摘录:大家都在担心自己会注意力不集中,尤其是家长们,或者拿着Iphone总是刷Facebook的人们。而且如果你总是刷Facebook的话,你也不会是在学习了,这的确是个问题。大家都在担心自己会注意力不集中,尤其是家长们,或者拿着Iphone总是刷Facebook的人们。而且如果你总是刷Facebook的话,你也不会是在学习了,这的确是个问题。
双语精彩
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如何才能有效地提高在家工作效率呢?下面就来一起来看一下吧。
Whether you telecommute, are a freelancer or mompreneur, working from home can be isolating and lonely, not to mention challenging. From constant interruptions all day long to not leaving the house for days at a time, working from the comfort of home can start to take its toll.
Having worked at home for the last nine years, I’ve learned to love the freedom and flexibility of being in my own space, but it’s a constant struggle to keep that joy from turning into madness and to keep your productivity high.
你是否在家上班,是自由职业或者企业家,在家工作不提挑战的话,相对孤离和孤独一些。一整天的时间没有不间断的打扰,一段时间不用离开屋子,在家舒适的工作会造成一定的损失。
在家已经工作9年,我学会爱上自由和在自己空间的灵活性,但是要持续战斗,保持把这种娱乐转变成疯狂工作和保持工作高效。
Here are seven ways to work from home, stay sane and be highly productive:
这有7种在家工作,保持工作疯狂和高效的方法。
Depending on your situation, you may have kids at home, a partner who works from home or other people that impact your work at home serenity. The key is to be clear with everyone about when you are working and what they can expect. This may mean meeting with your spouse to let them know if they have a day off, that doesn’t mean you can play hooky or teaching your children that when you are working you are not available. Most of all, be realistic. Part of the joy of working from home is being able to do things you couldn’t if you worked in an office.
取决于你的情况,你可能在家有小孩了,一个在家工作的伙伴或者其他人影响你在家平静的工作。关键是你要清楚当你工作的时候,你同每个人的关系和他们对你的期望。这可能意味着,如果你的配偶有休息日,你需要让他们知道去碰面,这并不意味着你能逃避工作或者去教你的小孩,当你在工作中的时候你不可以。大部分,很现实。在家工作的乐趣就是你能做你在办公室不能做的事情。
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下面是读文网小编整理的提高早晨工作的效率的方法,以供大家学习参考。
Most of us wish we could linger in bed a little while longer, but getting out of it earlier means getting back into it sooner. Here are simple tips for making each morning good personally and professionally。
我们很多人都希望早上再赖会儿床,但是早起可以让一天的生活更早步入正轨。下面的一些小建议,能让你在生活、工作上都更充分的享受早晨时光。
The early bird does catch the worm. Try starting your day extra early — like 5 a.m. It can be a tremendous productivity booster and get you in good with the boss。
“早期的鸟儿有虫吃。”如果很早开始新的一天——比方说5点,能让你做更多的工作而且老板会更欣赏你的工作态度。
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工作堆积如山,连上厕所的时间都没有?其实长时间连续工作会让你头脑发胀,工作效率降低。不妨来试试“番茄工作法”,这种工作法不仅会让你的大大提高工作效率,还会让你有意想不到的成就感。
The Pomodoro Technique is a time management method developed by Francesco Cirillo in the late 1980s. The technique uses a timer to break down work into intervals traditionally 25 minutes in length, separated by short breaks.
These intervals are known as "pomodori", the plural of the Italian word pomodoro for "tomato". The method is based on the idea that frequent breaks can improve mental agility.
“番茄工作法”是上世纪80年代末由弗朗西斯科·西里洛创立的一种时间管理方法。使用番茄工作法,就是用一个计时器把工作分为时间长度为25分钟的多个时段,每个时段之间作短暂休息。
这些时间段被称为“番茄”(意大利语)。该方法的基本理念是频繁的休息可以提高大脑灵敏度。
番茄工作法是什么:
番茄工作法是简单易行的时间管理方法,是由弗朗西斯科·西里洛于1992年创立的一种相对于GTD更微观的时间管理方法。使用番茄工作法,选择一个待完成的任务,将番茄时间设为25分钟,专注工作,中途不允许做任何与该任务无关的事,直到番茄时钟响起,然后在纸上画一个X短暂休息一下(5分钟就行),每4个番茄时段多休息一会儿。番茄工作法极大地提高了工作的效率,还会有意想不到的成就感。
1、每天开始的时候规划今天要完成的几项任务,将任务逐项写在列表里(或记在软件的清单里)
2、设定你的番茄钟(定时器、软件、闹钟等),时间是25分钟。
3、开始完成第一项任务,直到番茄钟响铃或提醒(Pomodoro Do主界面截图25分钟到)。
4、停止工作,并在列表里该项任务后画个X。
5、休息3~5分钟,活动、喝水、方便等等。
6、开始下一个番茄钟,继续该任务。一直循环下去,直到完成该任务,并在列表里将该任务划掉。
7、每四个番茄钟后,休息25分钟。在某个番茄钟的过程里,如果突然想起要做什么事情——
a.非得马上做不可的话,停止这个番茄钟并宣告它作废(哪怕还剩5分钟就结束了),去完成这件事情,之后再重新开始同一个番茄钟;
b.不是必须马上去做的话,在列表里该项任务后面标记一个逗号(表示打扰),并将这件事记在另一个列表里(比如叫“计划外事件”),然后接着完成这个番茄钟。
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词汇是语言三要素之一,是语言的基础。对学英语的人来说,英语词汇量的多少在相当程度上制约着对该语言的驾驭能力。没有足够的词汇量,英语的听、说、读、写等各项技能的培养和提高就像无源之水而无从谈起。本文谈谈记忆单词的主要方法。
每次单词测试结果,必然会产生个别"记忆力弱者",他们会有种自卑感。教师应正面引导,对他们要有 耐心,单独地进行补缺补差,同时要求好的同学多多帮助差生,使差生感受到周围的师生没有瞧不起他们,而是在关心他们,让他们重新树立起学好英语的信心。这样全班就形成了一个你追我赶、互帮互学的良好的英语 学习氛围。
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Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. You do well enough in school, but you well never be a top student. This is not necessarily the case, however .You can receive better gardes if you want to. Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Here`s how:
1. Plan you time carefully. Make a list of you weekly tasks.
2. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area.
3. Skim before you read.
4. Make good use of your time in class.
5. Study regularly. Go over your notes as well as you can after class.
Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused about. Read about these points in you textbook. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material too. This will help you understand the next class. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on tests.
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早睡早起,劳逸结合,这些都是非常广为人知的提高效率的方法。但是你知道在干扰下工作,睡前喝咖啡,甚至一心多用这些冷门方法都能提高效率吗?听起来一定很奇怪,那就读下去看看有没有道理吧。
你早已知道为了提高效率你应该早起,或许你也早已耳闻你不该在早上头一件事就检查电子邮件。这些建议都是很好的而且证据充分的,然而还是有很多其他同样有效的提高效率的方法。尽管这些建议相对来说比较不为人知,而且有点有违常理。但你还是应该试一试,看看它们在你身上起不起作用。
Want to boost your afternoon productivity? Then take a caffeine nap! According to a study by Jim Maas, PhD, professor of psychology at Cornell University, combining coffee and napping time can have a big improvement in one’s personal productivity. Coffee enters your bloodstream approximately 20 minutes after you have consumed it. The minute figure is exactly the same as the length of your nap, so these two play well together. In order to implement this technique, do this:
你想要大幅提高你下午的效率吗?打个带咖啡因的盹吧!根据康奈尔大学心理学教授Jim Maas博士的一项研究表明,把咖啡和午睡结合起来能大大地提高一个人的效率。你喝了咖啡大约20分钟后它才会进入你的血液循环中。这个时间和你午睡的时间正好相等,所以它们能够合作无间。为了实施好这个方法,你要这么做:
Drink a cup of coffee
喝一杯咖啡
Take a 20-minute nap right afterward
喝完马上打一个20分钟的盹
Wake-up refreshed
清醒地醒来
If you are not a coffee drinker, that’s fine too: even with a 20-minute nap alone, you can feel super-fresh and productive as well.
假如你不是个爱喝咖啡的人,也没问题:就算只是打个20分钟的盹,你也会感到非常清醒,充满效率。
更多提高效率方法:时间管理
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学英语,听力越来越重要,如何有效地提高听力学习效果是广大英语学习者非常关注却也一直非常头疼的问题。以下是小编为大家整理的提高英语听力学习效率的技巧,希望能帮助大家学好英语。
第一,正确选择影视材料。在初级阶段,可选择那些与日常生活比较贴近、故事情节较强的影视材料,如肥皂剧。不要选那些专业术语较多或是逻辑推理较强的影视材料,如科幻、法律、医学、刑侦等。不宜选情景剧,因为情景剧一般固定在一、两个场景中,故事情节不足,有碍学习者对剧情的理解,另一方面情景剧对话多、信息量大且密集度高。加之丰富的俚语、流行语和文化背景知识,更增加了理解的困难。此外,也不要选择卡通片,因为卡通片的角色的语音和语调其极夸张,不易理解。
建议采用电视剧作入门材料,每一集比较短,一般在45分钟左右,情节交代比较详细,剧情发展比较慢而又相对独立,便于理解。
第二,采用正确的学习方法。在观看学习时,绝对不能看字幕(可将字幕隐去),要强迫自己全身心去听、去理解,坚持由浅入深、循序渐进的原则。 同时也要做好相应阅读以增加词汇、惯用法、流行语以及文化背景知识。由于我们目前能接触的绝大部分为美国影视资料,建议大家多看一点有关美国的语言文化资料。如:新东方内部资料是很棒的。 我们没有英语听说的语言环境,但可以通过看英语影视剧来创造一种"习得听说"的英语语言环境,使自己如身临其境般学到纯正地道的英语。
此外,看(听)只是语言交际的输入,决不能忽略它的输出---说,因为在看(听)英语影视时,要认真做好学习笔记,对于比较有用的表达方式要不断诵记,反复操练。这样才能将听与说有效地结合起来。
在考试中听力场景涉及到包括教育、借书、还书图书馆等等之类的场景,建议大家迅速提高听力的方法背一些相关的场景词汇,对于场景词汇的掌握,听到这个单词,马上能反映出这道题发生在什么场景里,对你选择题目的时候有很大的帮助。其次,迅速提高听力成绩还可以背诵或者掌握一些相关的日常用语以及情景对话当中比较地道的,大家经常说的表达方式,大家可以在平时的复习当中再次温习一下,这样的话会对听力的提高起到一定的作用。正常来说,听力是一个非常缓慢的提高过程,不可能说在短时间内速成,但是在这种情况下,我们遵循的考试规律还是有一定的方法可以让大家提高一定的成绩。
给大家两点建议,一个就是背一些场景词汇,第二就是熟悉一下情景用语以及对话的表达方式,这是给大家关于听力部分的建议和意见。
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下面是读文网小编整理的利用休息提高工作效率的方法,以供大家学习参考。
If a 20-minute nap, a cup of joe, and more shuteye at night were in a cage match, who wouldwin for reducing that classic afternoon "dip"? The answer is: (in order of effectiveness)
1. Nap
2. Caffeine
3. Then more nighttime sleep
二十分钟的小睡,一杯咖啡,晚上多睡一会儿,这三样哪种能更有效地减轻下午的瞌睡?答案如下(根据有效度排序):
小睡
咖啡
晚上多睡会儿
A new study just released proves the power of a nap over a jolt of caffeine and even moresleep at night. It's actually the first such study to look at all three methods for combating theafternoon lull that's commonly experienced-and which is a very normal physiologicalresponse to the body cycling through its natural rhythms during the day.
Just because you feel sleepy at some point in the afternoon doesn't actually mean you're sleepdeprived. About eight hours after you wake up, the body's temperature dips a little, triggeringthat oh-so-annoying drowsiness after lunch and smack dab in the middle of your attempts tofocus and get more done in the late afternoon.
最新发布的一项研究证明,小睡的威力强过喝咖啡甚至是晚上多睡一会儿。这实际上是第一次让三种对抗人们普遍经历过的下午犯困的方法同台竞技。事实上,下午犯困是一天之中人体生理节律导致的非常正常的生理反应。
其实下午犯困并不是意味着你缺觉。大概在醒后八小时,身体的体温会出现小幅回落,这会导致午餐之后让人烦恼的瞌睡,并且恰好这时你还想集中精力,在下午多做点事情。
Why am I not surprised the nap wins out? For many reasons:
为什么我对小睡排第一一点都不奇怪?这有下面几个原因:
Naps refresh you at a cellular level that-sorry, Soda-caffeine just can't do.
小睡会在细胞层面让你清醒,这些是咖啡无法完成的。
It's easier to over-sleep than you think. Biologically, the body doesn't necessarily need thatextra sleep if you force yourself to sleep more at night. (And getting sufficient sleep doesn'tmean your body won't go through the dip regardless; it's a natural, physiological phenomenontied more to your circadian rhythm than to your previous night's sleep and potential sleepdebt.)
你比你想象的更容易睡多。从生理上来说,即便你强迫自己在晚上睡得更多,但其实身体并不需要这些额外的睡眠。(而且,睡眠充足并不意味着你的身体就不会有回落的过程。这是一种天生的、生理的现象,主要受到生理节律而非前一晚睡得多少或者有没有缺觉的影响)。
I've long been an advocate for napping. The best kind? A 20-minute snooze within a 30minute time period (10 extra minutes to get comfortable and into sleep mode). Or try theNap-a-latte, which is the dynamic duo.
我一直主张睡个小觉。哪种方式最好?在30分钟里睡上20分钟(另外十分钟是为了放松和进入睡眠状态)。或者你可以两种方式并用,喝杯拿铁与小睡片刻相结合。
But here's a big caveat: most people would probably choose caffeine over a nap, and ditch thenap entirely. Downing caffeine can be easier, quicker, and socially more acceptable in manyways. Finding a place to nap in the middle of the workday can be a challenge. And studieshave also shown that when deciding between a nap and an "attractive wakeful activity," theychoose the activity.
不过我要给你一条重要的提醒:很多人会选择咖啡而不是小睡,他们完全不会打盹。喝杯咖啡可能更容易、更快、而且在很多方面更容易让社会接受。工作的时候找个地方小睡一下可是个难题。研究还表明,当决定是要小睡还是进行“吸引人的提神活动”的时候,人们会选择活动一下。
Let's face it, coffeehouses have multiple buzzes going on. People. Internet. Connectivity. Socialinteraction. Exchanges of ideas. And tasty treats beyond the joes and javas. Naps tend to besolitary and, dare I say, not as sexy.
让我们来面对这个现实:咖啡馆总是多彩多样,热闹非凡:人、网络、联系、社交、交流思想,还有除了咖啡和网络之外的可口美食。而小睡一般更清静,而且斗胆说一句,不够性感。
But for what it's worth, hail to the nap.
但是不管怎么样,还是睡个小觉吧。
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How often have you had a work day when, as mid-afternoon races toward late-afternoon, you realize that you haven't really gotten anything done?
Painfully often, if you're like many of the professionals we talked to for a recent study on everyday work life through Harvard Business School.
你工作时是否经常感到,下午甚至什么都没做,就已经到傍晚了?
Getty Images如果你和最近我们通过哈佛大学商学院(Harvard Business School)对日常工作进行的一项研究中采访的许多专业人士一样,那么这种情况应该是经常在你身上发生。
Not only do unproductive days like this detract from the success of your projects, your team and your organization; they can endanger your own well-being.
We discovered that nothing makes people feel happier and more engaged at work than making meaningful progress on something they care about. We call that the progress principle. But this progress principle has a serious downside: Nothing makes people feel worse than being stalled in their work and this negative effect is much stronger.
这种低效率不仅会降低你所在团队和组织的项目成功率,还会威胁到你自身。
我们发现,没有什么比在自己关心的事情上取得有意义的进展更让人高兴和干劲十足的了。我们称这为进展原则。但这种进展原则还有另外一面:没什么比工作停滞不前更让人感到沮丧的了,而且这种负面影响比正面的影响要大得多。
Most often, the cause of an unproductive day is fragmentation trying to juggle many competing, and usually unexpected, demands on your time. It's what happens when you've worked like crazy all day, and still you have the sense that you haven't been productive. Sound familiar?
Work-life management experts Tony Schwartz, David Allen, and others have useful techniques for setting up routines to get more done. But how can you save a day where you simply haven't been able to get to the work that matters most?
工作效率低下最常见的原因是时间被分割得七零八落──试图平衡彼此冲突而且经常是预料之外的时间需求。当你每天疯狂地埋头工作,却仍感觉效率不高时,就是这种情况。听上去很熟悉吧?
工作时间管理专家托尼 施瓦茨(Tony Schwartz)、戴维 艾伦(David Allen)和其他人有一些有用的技巧,能帮你建立事半功倍的工作习惯。那么如果你实在来不及完成最重要的工作,如何才能补救呢?
1. Carve out a time-oasis. (20 minutes) If possible, move something off your schedule for the remainder of the day, protecting just 20 minutes to focus uninterrupted on that meaningful project. More time is better if you can manage it, but 20 minutes can still make a difference.
1、 划出时间空档。(20分钟)如果可能的话,从日程表中划去当天剩下的某项工作,以保证自己有20分钟不被打扰,以专心投入那项有意义的工作。如果你能办得到,那么留出更多时间更好,但20分钟已足以令工作效率有所改观。
#p#副标题#e#If you have to, leave a non-essential meeting 20 minutes early, or stay at the office 20 minutes later. (You would use tactics like this if you had an urgent business call, right? Well, getting to your most important work is an urgent business issue.) Turn off your email and phone. Find an unoccupied conference room or cubicle where no one can find you.
如果实在不行,那么就把不重要的会议提前20分钟,或加20分钟班。(如果你有紧急商务电话,也会用这种策略,不是吗?去做最重要的工作是紧急要务。)切断电子邮件,关掉电话,去一间没人能找到你的空会议室或小房间。
2. Note your progress for the day. (Two minutes) Use a work diary to keep track of the progress you made that day.
2、标出当天的工作进展。(2分钟)用工作日记记录你当天的工作进展。
It's natural to focus on what you didn't get done and what tasks remain; but, to get the boost of happiness and engagement, you should spend a minute taking stock of what you did accomplish. Even if you simply outlined next steps on that creative project, make note. And, if you weren't able to carve out that 20-minute time-oasis, then make note of any achievement you had during the day, however small. It may not have been work you planned, and it may have been solving someone else's problem, but if you got anywhere on anything useful, that really is meaningful progress, so write it down.
专心做你还没做的工作和剩下来的工作是很自然的事。但为了提升幸福感和努力程度,你应该花一分钟记录你已经完成的工作。即使你只是概述某个创意项目接下来的步骤,也应记录下来。如果你能留出20分钟的时间空档,那么就记下你当天的成就,不管有多微小。这可能不是你计划的工作,也可能是解决其他人的问题,但如果你做了有用的工作且确有实际进展,那么就把它记录下来。
Allow yourself to savor the sense of accomplishment, and recognize that you made a difference.
让自己享受成就感,并意识到自己有所作为。
3. Set up for progress tomorrow. (Three minutes) Use a trick that Ernest Hemingway and other writers have relied on: Leave off in the middle. When you have to stop work for the day on your most important project, end in mid-paragraph, mid-sentence, mid-routine, whatever as long as you have a pretty good sense of how you will finish that paragraph. That way, you'll be able to just slide back into the task the next day even if all you get tomorrow is your 20-minute oasis.
3、为明天继续工作做好准备。(3分钟)使用欧内斯特?海明威(Ernest Hemingway)和其他作家的小窍门:干到一半时停下来。当你必须停下最重要的工作,半途而止时,那么停下就好,只要你清楚该如何完成剩下的工作。通过这种方式,你第二天可以迅速进入工作状态,即使你第二天得到的只有20分钟的空档。
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养成一个好的习惯对工作效率的提高也有很大的帮助。接下来小编为大家整理了哪些好习惯能提高工作的效率,希望对你有帮助哦!
Use dashes:
“…a dash, which is simply a short burst of focused activity during which you force yourself to do nothing but work on the procrastinated item for a very short period of time—perhaps as little as just one minute.”
A big part of procrastination is dread. The task seems terrible and overwhelming. And that’s the first issue that needs attacking: those feelings.
By breaking the problem down into smaller chunks — even comically small ones that require only 1 minute of activity — and doing just that one little thing, you prove to yourself the task isn’t insurmountable.
The most motivating thing in the world is progress. Any trivial progress can motivateand boost positive emotions that will help build a productive momentum.
So this sounds good in theory but you’re probably thinking: what’s that first step and won’t that be horribly, horribly painful? For any procrastinated task, first thing is to take one minute and just write down the steps you need to do to finish the task.
This should be enough to kill negative emotions, build some momentum and get you going.
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摘要:听古典音乐还是听流行歌曲将影响你的工作表现。最新研究表明在办公室听音乐能够提高如数据录入、校对、问题解决此类工作的速度及准确性。在一项以办公室为实验对象的测试中,80%的员工听音乐时的工作准确性最高。
Whether it is Mozart or Miley, your choice of music could determine whether you will perform well at your job. A new study suggests that listening to music in the office improves the speed and accuracy of tasks such as data entry, proof reading and problem solving. In an office-based experiment, 88 per cent of participants were found to produce their most accurate work when listening to music.
听贾斯汀比伯的歌 有助提高工作效率
The study also found that 81 per cent completed their fastest work when music was played. And it matters what type of music you listen to. For instance, if you’re doing your tax returns, then classical music is the most effective as it improves maths skills.
听古典音乐还是听流行歌曲将影响你的工作表现。最新研究表明在办公室听音乐能够提高如数据录入、校对、问题解决此类工作的速度及准确性。在一项以办公室为实验对象的测试中,80%的员工听音乐时的工作准确性最高。
该研究还发现81%的员工在听音乐时能够以最快的速度完成工作。但这取决于听的是哪种音乐。例如,在做纳税申报单时最好听古典音乐。古典音乐能够提高你的运算能力,因此你的工作效率将会最高。
Listening to Jessie J or Justin Bieber could also improve your speed, with 58 per cent of participants completing data entry tasks faster while listening to pop songs. During proof-reading, dance music, such as David Guetta, had the biggest positive impact with participants increasing their speed by 20 per cent compared to tests undertaken with no music at all. Dance music also had a positive effect on spell-checking with a 75 per cent pass rate compared to 68 per cent when no music was played at all.
听杰西•J或贾斯汀•比伯的歌也能提高你的工作速度。试验中58%的员工在听流行歌曲时数据录入的速度更快。而类似大卫•库塔风格的舞曲对校对工作的积极影响最为显著,工作速度较无音乐时提高了20%。舞曲对拼写检查也有很大帮助,无音乐时的通过率为68%而舞曲环境下的通过率则为75%
The research, undertaken by Brighton-based Mindlab International, suggests that silent offices may be the least productive. ‘The Music Works experiment revealed a positive correlation between music and productivity – overall it showed that when listening to music, nine out of 10 people performed better,’ said Dr David Lewis, chairman of Mindlab International.
该项研究由总部位于布莱顿的“国际心理实验室”执行。研究认为安静办公室的工作效率可能最低。“音乐效用试验揭示了音乐与工作效率间的积极联系—该研究全面地展示了听音乐时10人中会有9人因此工作表现得到提高,”国际心理实验室主席大卫•刘易斯博士说道。
Music is an incredibly powerful management tool in increasing the efficiency of a workforce. It can exert a highly beneficial influence over employee morale and motivation, helping enhance output and even boosting a company’s bottom line. The research also showed that when people sat in silence, they made the most mistakes while solving equations and spell-checking.
在提高员工工作效率方面音乐有着惊人的影响力。它对员工的斗志和积极性有着极大的调动作用,有助提高产出甚至整个公司的发展状况。研究还发现当人在安静的环境中求解方程式或查找拼写错误时最容易犯错。
Ambient music worked best for accurate data entry tasks, with participants scoring a high pass rate of 92 per cent. ‘The increase in levels of productivity when music is playing is striking,’ said Paul Clements, Director of Public Performance Sales, PRS for Music. ‘This project provides a refreshing reminder of the multiple benefits to be gained from listening to music at work.’
音乐环境最有利于保证数据录入的准确性,实验中92%的员工在准确性方面都得了高分。“工作效率因播放音乐有所提高的现象极为显著,”英国作曲家协会 PRS for Music公共演出销售部总监保罗•克莱门茨说道。 “该研究发现让人耳目一新,它提醒了人们工作时听音乐好处众多。
Whether you favor Beethoven or Slayer, there is one thing I think we can all agree on: music makes life better. But here is the proof as science would have it, and it’s not just in the ways we think.
无论你喜欢贝多芬还是杀手乐队,有一件事我想我们都认同:音乐让生活更美好。但这种说法不只是我们自己这么觉得,是有科学证明依据的。
1. Listening To Music Reduces Stress
听音乐可以减压
A lot of us intuitively turn to relaxing music when we are feeling stressed or tired. Perhaps unsurprisingly, we’re not just imagining things. Significant research backs it up. In particular, slow, quiet classical music is suggested to have the most soothing effect.
当我们感到紧张或疲倦时,我们很多人都直观地选择听音乐这种放松方式。也许这并不奇怪,我们不只是想象而已。有深入性研究表明这种说法有道理。具体而言,建议听速度慢偏安静风格的古典音乐,具有让人感觉最舒缓的效果。
So if you have a hard time dealing with stress, compiling a playlist of some fitting classical songs could be a good idea. Or try listening to a relaxing, classical-style movie soundtrack.
所以,如果你很难排解压力,弄一个古典歌曲的播放列表可能会是个好主意,或尝试听些让人放松的古典风格电影配乐。
2. Listening To Music Improves Endurance
听音乐增强耐力
Do you work out? Have you always felt like you perform better when you listen to music? Odd as it might seem, there has actually been a lot of research done on this subject. And sure enough, one study shows that music can increase endurance by 15%.
你锻炼身体吗?你是不是一直觉得自己在听音乐时的表现更好一些?听起来可能有些怪,但其实关于这个课题已经进行了很多研究。一项研究表明,音乐可以增加15%的耐力。
One theory is that the continuity of a classical piece helps you focus, which in turn allows you to persevere longer. However, another study suggests that it’s not the type of music, but rather the speed of the music—the beats per minute (bpm)—that matter. According to the study, the optimal speed would be 125–140 bpm.
一种理论认为,古典音乐的连续性有助于你集中专注力,这样可以让你坚持更长时间。还有另一项研究表明,不是音乐的风格类型,而是音乐速度——每分钟节拍数在起作用。根据这项研究,最佳速度是125-140节拍。
3. It Can Make You Healthier
听音乐可以使你更加健康
It might seem too good to be true, but some research suggests that there are measurable health benefits from simply listening to music. Listening to music can also release dopamine, often dubbed “the pleasure chemical”. You could perhaps substitute the pleasure achieved through eating your comfort foods by indulging in your favorite music, with none of the negative health repercussions.
听起来似乎好得令人难以置信,但据一些研究表明,只听音乐就对健康有很大的益处。听音乐也会释放“快乐化学剂”多巴胺,沉浸在自己喜欢的音乐中的你获得的乐趣,可以替代你吃慰藉食物时的快乐感觉,而且音乐对健康没有任何负面影响作用。
4. Singing With A Group Of People Makes You Happier
和一群人一起合唱会让你更快乐
Ever thought people that sing in a choir look a bit…too happy? Well, as it turns out, it’s not just your imagination. Science actually explains what makes them so happy. And the best part of it is, even less-than-great singers experienced the same positive effects.
有没有想过合唱团的人看起来有点儿......太欢乐了?嗯,事实证明,它不只是你的想象而已。其实科学可以解释是什么让他们如此高兴欢乐。并且最好的部分在于:即使对不那么出色的歌手也同样有积极的影响效果。
What does this mean for you? Hopefully, that the next time you get the chance to have a sing-along with someone else, you take it, instead of worrying about how you will be received. It’s very likely to cheer you up! One of the studies listed also suggest that singing together increases bonding. And don’t worry, if you feel like you’re just too shy, you can stick to singing in the shower. But just make sure you do it a bit more often.
这对于你而言又意味着什么呢?如果下次有人邀请你一起唱,你要欣然接受这样一个难得的机会,别再担心你是否合拍的问题啦,合唱会让你很开心!另外还有研究表明,一起唱歌可以拉近亲密度。不要担心,如果你觉得自己在大家面前羞于开口唱歌,你可以在淋浴时自己唱歌,但你要坚持做下去。
5. Learning To Play An Instrument As A Kid Makes You More Successful Later
从小学乐器会让你日后生活更成功
Research shows a noticeable correlation between learning to play an instrument as a child, and becoming successful later in life. So if you were always upset with your parents for forcing you to play the violin—or like me, the piano—take a minute to be grateful. I just thanked my father. One of my biggest regrets these days is that I never actually tried to learn to play the piano properly.
研究表明,从小学乐器与以后成功的生活之间有着明显的相关性。所以,如果你总反感你的父母强迫你拉小提琴,或像我一样厌烦弹钢琴,感恩一下父母的激励督促吧。我真的很感谢我的父亲。现在我的一个最大遗憾就是我从来没有真正地尝试着去认真地学弹钢琴。
6. It Improves Your Memory
音乐会提高记忆力
The interesting part about the research is that it shows music helps your brain develop in multiple areas, one of the most significant being your memory. So if you’re troubled by a bad memory, learning to play an instrument is something you should consider.
有关研究的最有趣部分是:研究表明音乐有助于开发大脑在多个领域的智力,其中效果最明显的是你的记忆力提高了。所以,如果你被记性不好这个问题所困扰,你应该考虑学一门乐器了。
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摘要:新研究的惊人发现表明,实际上工作时的消极情绪能带来积极效果,而积极的情绪却可能导致消极结果。
Surprising new research suggests it can actually be good to feel bad at work, and that feeling good in the workplace can lead to negative outcomes.
The study of emotions in the workplace, edited by University of Liverpool researchers Drs. Dirk Lindebaum and Peter Jordan, is the topic of a Special Issue of the journal Human Relations.
They found that the commonly-held assumption that positivity in the workplace produces positive outcomes, while negative emotions lead to negative outcomes, may be in need for reconsideration. This is partly due to this assumption failing to take into account the differences in work contexts which effect outcomes.
消极情绪有助于提高工作效率
新研究的惊人发现表明,实际上工作时的消极情绪能带来积极效果,而积极的情绪却可能导致消极结果。
由英国利物浦大学研究人员德克·林登鲍姆(Dirk Lindebaum)博士和彼得·乔丹(Peter Jordan)博士编撰的关于工作中情绪的研究是《人类关系》杂志的一期特刊话题。
他们发现,人们普遍认为工作中的积极情绪会产生积极结果,而消极情绪会导致消极结果,这种观点有待重新思考。其原因是这一观点没有充分考虑到工作环境中差异对结果产生的影响。
For instance, anger does not always lead to negative outcomes and can be used as a force for good through acting upon injustices. In some cases, anger can be considered a force for good if motivated by perceived violations of moral standards.
An employee, for example, could express anger constructively after a manager has treated a fellow worker unfairly.
In such cases, anger can be useful to prevent these acts of injustice from repeating themselves in the future.
例如,愤怒并不总是带来消极结果,它还可以作为对待不公平现象的正义力量。在某些情况下,若因他人违反道德标准而激发的愤怒,会被认为是正义力量。
又如,经理以不公平的方式对待同事后,员工可以建设性地表达自己的愤怒。
在这种情况下,愤怒可以有效阻止此类不公平现象在未来重演。
Likewise, being too positive in the workplace, rather than resulting in greater well-being and greater productivity, can lead to complacency and superficiality.
One article within the issue also finds that, within team situations, negativity can have a good affect, leading to less consensus and therefore greater discussion amongst workers which enhances team effectiveness.
An interesting contradiction is identified in another study of the special issue. Here, people derive satisfaction from doing “good” in the context of helplines by providing support to people in times of emotional distress.
例如,愤怒并不总是带来消极结果,它还可以作为对待不公平现象的正义力量。在某些情况下,若因他人违反道德标准而激发的愤怒,会被认为是正义力量。
又如,经理以不公平的方式对待同事后,员工可以建设性地表达自己的愤怒。
在这种情况下,愤怒可以有效阻止此类不公平现象在未来重演。
However, they are negatively affected by their line of work due to people shunning them in social situations (e.g., since they might catch the emotional taint they attribute to the profession of the helpline workers).
Lindebaum said, “The findings of the studies published in this Special Issue challenge the widely held assumption that in the workplace positive emotions generate or engender a positive outcome, and vice versa.
“This Special Issue adds to our knowledge and understanding of how the positive and negative dynamics affect the working environment and has practical application and relevance in the workplace.”
例如,愤怒并不总是带来消极结果,它还可以作为对待不公平现象的正义力量。在某些情况下,若因他人违反道德标准而激发的愤怒,会被认为是正义力量。
又如,经理以不公平的方式对待同事后,员工可以建设性地表达自己的愤怒。
在这种情况下,愤怒可以有效阻止此类不公平现象在未来重演。然而,由于人们在社交场合的回避,又使他们对这项工作产生消极情绪(例如,他们可能把捕捉情感缺陷归因于接线员这个职业)。
林登鲍姆(Lindebaum)说:“发表在特刊的研究发现挑战了人们的普遍观念,即在工作中积极情绪会产生积极结果,反之亦然。”
“通过这期特刊,我们更多地了解和认识了积极和消极动态如何影响工作氛围,同时对人们工作有着实际应用和关联。”
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