为您找到与动词不定式的时态和语态用法相关的共200个结果:
以下是小编为大家整理的不定式的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识不定式,提高英语水平。
不定式的时态。动词不定式一般有三种时态形式,即一般式、进行式和完成式。
(1) 一般式(to+动词原形):表示与主句谓语动词动作同时(或几乎同时)发生或在主句谓语动词之后发生的事情。例如:
We’re happy to have you on our side.有你在我们这边我们很高兴。
I saw him go out.我看见他出去了。( 不定式go out 与 see同时发生。)
They invited me to have dinner with them.他们邀请我和他们一起吃晚饭。
I hope to see you again.我希望再见到你(to see发生在hope之后)
(2) 进行式(to be+现在分词):表示主句谓语的动作发生时,不定式动作正在进行。例如:
She’s said /believed to be living nearby. 据说/据信她就住在附近。
When he came in, I happened to be sleeping in bed.他进来时,我碰巧正在床上睡觉。
They seem/appear to be enjoying themselves.看上去他们似乎很快活。
He pretended to be doing his homework when he heard his father’s sound他听见父亲的声音,假装正在做作业。
The president was reported to be visiting the hospital.据报道总统正在访问那家医院。
(3)完成式(to have+过去分词):表示在主句谓语的动作之前发生的事情。:如:
I’m glad to have met your parents here. 我很高兴在这儿见到了你父母(已见过)
I’m sorry to have kept him waiting for me so long.我很抱歉让他等了我这样久。(已经等过了)
动词不定式的完成式和下列动词的过去时连用,表示过去没有实现的事情:plan, hope, expect, be, intend, mean, wish, 等。注意一定是它们的过去时。另外还有should/would like/love。这个结构表示“本打算/想/计划…”的意思。例如:
The game were to have taken place in Room.比赛原计划在罗马举行。
He planned to have gone abroad last week. =He planned to go abroad but he didn’t. 他原计划上周出国的。
I’d like to have been offered the job and(to have been)given the opportunity to prove myself.我真想(当时)把这个工作给了我,给我个机会让我证明我自己。
同样的意思也可用上述动词的过去完成时加动词不定式的一般式来表达。例如:
I had hoped to visit the great pyramid. =I hoped to have visited the great pyramid. =I hoped to visit it, but I didn’t. 我本希望参观大金字塔的。
They would have liked to have your help. =They would like to have had your help. =They wanted to have your help but they didn’t have it. 他们本想得到你帮助的。
不定式的被动语态。当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式。不定式的被动形式有两种:
一般式:to be+过去分词
完成式:to have been+过去分词
You’re lucky to have been accepted .你很幸运已经被接受了。
These criminals are to be hanged .这些罪犯是将被绞死的。
We’re glad to have been invited. 受到邀请我们很高兴。
What’s to be done next? 下一步做什么?
It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here. 我很荣幸应邀在这里讲话。
为了避免重复,不定式可省略,但to有时保留,有时不保留。例如:
You will make it if you try (to). 如果你努力,你会成功的。
George says he is going to leave Shanghai, but I don’t think he really wants to. George说要离开上海,但是我不认为他真的愿意走。
Some of them retired, and others were ready to.一些人退休了,还有的准备退。
He always speaks faster than he needs to.他说话总是没必要的快。
I’d like to do it now, but I haven’t got the time (to). 我倒是想现在干,但没时间。
“Would you go there with me?” “I’m glad to.”“你愿意和我一起去吗?”“愿意。”
“Did you pass the exam?” “No, I tried (to), but I failed.”“你考试及格了吗?”“没有,我努力了,但没成功。
“Do you want to sing them an English song?” “I prefer not to.” “你愿意为他们唱首英文歌吗?”“我不想唱。”
You’d better sing an English song if they ask you (to) again.如果他们再要求你,你最后唱一首英文歌。
后面常省略不定式而保留to的结构,还有:
used to 常常 be going to 打算
mean to 打算 ought to 应该
plan to 计划 want to 要想
两个不定式由and, or, except, but, than 连接时,第二个可省略to,尤其是两个不定式紧密相连时。如:
I intend to call on him and discuss this question again,我打算去拜访他并和他谈谈这个问题。
I’d like to lie down and go to sleep.我想躺下睡觉。
You’re free to talk or laugh here.在这里你可以随便说笑。
I’m anxious to go and ask him about it.我急于去问问他这个事。
Do you want to have lunch now or wait till later? 你想现在吃午饭还是再等会儿?
We had nothing to do except (to) look at the posters outside the cinema. 我们无事可做,只有看看电影院外面的招贴。
He had nothing to do except talk nonsense. 除了胡说八道,他没别的事干。
I would rather die than be insulted.我宁死也不受侮辱。
I’ll do anything but work on a farm. 除了去农场干活,我什么都干。
It’s easier to persuade people than (to) force them. 说服人容易,强迫人难。
It’s better to take a taxi than (to) wait here.搭出租车也比在这等强。
句子中but后面的不定式带不带to,取决于but前面的句子里含不含do,只要有与do/did有关的词(do作谓语,to do作定语等等),but后面的不定式就省掉to。
I have no choice but to go there alone. 除了独自一个去以外, 我别无选择。
I can do nothing but go there alone. 除了独自一个到那里去,我别无选择。
I have nothing to do but go there alone. 除了独自一个到那里去我没事可干。
He did nothing but cry all day long. 他除了整天哭,什么也不干。
时态/语态 主动被动
一般式 to doto be done
进行式 to be doing
完成式 to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing
1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
He seems to know this.
I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。
2) 完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
He seems to have caught a cold.
3) 完成进行时:
She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
4) 进行时: 表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
He seems to be eating something.
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小编给大家总结了不定式的时态和语态,希望对大家的英语学习有帮助。
1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
He seems to know this.
I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。
2) 完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
He seems to have caught a cold.
3) 进行时: 表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
He seems to be eating something.
4) 完成进行时:
She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
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下面读文网小编为大家带来动词的时态语法讲解及练习题,欢迎大家学习
1.一般现在时的用法
1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语: every…, sometimes,at…, on Sunday。例如:
I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。例如:
The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。
Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
3) 表示格言或警句。例如:
Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如:
I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。
比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。
第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。
2. 一般过去时的用法
1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如:
Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?
2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。例如:
When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎。
3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。例如:It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ,例如It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。
would (had) rather sb. did sth.表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。例如:I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义:她已不在人间。)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义:她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)
注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如:
Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗?
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。
2)情态动词 could, would。例如:
Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车,能借用一些吗?
3.一般将来时
1)shall用于第一人称,常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称,在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如:
Which paragraph shall I read first? 我先读哪一段呢?
Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗?
2)be going to +不定式,表示将来。
a. 主语的意图,即将做某事。例如:What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢?
b. 计划,安排要发生的事。例如:The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如:Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了。
3)be +不定式表将来,按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如:
We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
4) be about to +不定式,意为马上做某事。例如:
He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意:be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。
4. 一般现在时表将来
1)下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如:
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。
2)以here, there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。例如:
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3)在时间或条件句中。例如:
When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后,让他等我。
I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里,就写信给你。
4)在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如:
I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。
Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前,务必把窗户关了。
5. 用现在进行时表示将来
下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如:
I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?
6. 现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成:have (has) +过去分词。
7. 比较一般过去时与现在完成时
1)一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。
2)一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now等,皆为具体的时间状语。
现在完成时的时间状语:for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in past years, always等,皆不确定的时间状语。
共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight, this April, now, already, recently, lately 等。
3)现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.。
一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。例如:
I saw this film yesterday. (强调看的动作发生过了)
I have seen this film. (强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了)
Why did you get up so early? (强调起床的动作已发生过了)
Who hasn't handed in his paper? (强调有卷子未交,疑为不公平竞争)
He has been in the League for three years. (在团内的状态可延续)
He has been a League member for three years. (是团员的状态可持续)
句子中如有过去时的时间副词(如yesterday, last, week, in 1960)时,不能使用现在完成时,要用过去时。
(错)Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.
(对)Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.
8. 用于现在完成时的句型
1)It is the first / second time.... that…结构中的从句部分,用现在完成时。例如:
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。
This is the first time (that) I've heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。
注意:It was the third time that the boy had been late.
2)This is +形容词最高级+that…结构,that 从句要用现在完成时。例如:
This is the best film that I've (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
9.过去完成时
1) 概念:表示过去的过去
----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2) 用法
a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。例如:
She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。例如:
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。
c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…"。例如:
We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。
3)过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。例如:
He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。
By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年,爱迪生开始自己谋生。
Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
汤姆失望了,因为他到达晚会时,大部分客人已经走了。
10. 用一般过去时代替过去完成时
1)两个动作如按顺序发生,又不强调先后,或用then,and,but 等连词时,多用一般过去时。例如:
When she saw the mouse,she screamed. 她看到老鼠,就叫了起来。
My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子,我把它丢了。
2 ) 两个动作相继发生,可用一般过去时;如第一个动作需要若干时间完成,用过去完成时。例如:
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3)叙述历史事实,可不用过去完成时,而只用一般过去时。例如:
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
11.将来完成时
1) 构成will have done
2) 概念
a. 状态完成:表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如:
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。
b. 动作完成:表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前,已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如:
You will have reached Shanghai by this time tomorrow. 明天此时,你已经到达上海了
12现在进行时
现在进行时的基本用法:
a. 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。例如:
We are waiting for you. 我们正在等你。
b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。例如:
Mr. Green is writing another novel.他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)
c. 表示渐变,这样的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。例如:
The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。
d. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如:
You are always changing your mind. 你老是改变主意。
13. 过去进行时
1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生。
3) 常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。例如:
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤。
It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站时,正下着雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。
14. 将来进行时
1) 概念:表示将来某时进行的状态或动作,或按预测将来会发生的事情。例如:
She'll be coming soon. 她会很快来的。
I'll be meeting him sometime in the future. 将来我一定去见他。
注意:将来进行时不用于表示"意志",不能说 I'll be having a talk with her.
2)常用的时间状语有soon, tomorrow, this evening,on Sunday, by this time,tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening等。例如:By this time tomorrow, I'll be lying on the beach. 明天此时,我正躺在海滩上呢。
15. 一般现在时代替一般将来时
When, while, before, after, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case (that), unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately等引导的时间状语从句,条件句中,用一般现在时代替将来时。例如:
He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京,就去看他姨妈。
16. 一般现在时代替一般过去时
1 ) "书上说","报纸上说"等。例如:
The newspaper says that it's going to be cold tomorrow. 报纸上说明天会很冷的。
2) 叙述往事,使其生动。例如:
Napoleon's army now advances and the great battle begins.拿破仑的军队正在向前挺进,大战开始了
17. 一般现在时代替现在完成时
1) 有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时,如hear, tell, learn, write , understand, forget, know, find , say, remember等。例如:
I hear (= have heard) he will go to London. 我听说了他将去伦敦。
I forget (=have forgotten) how old he is. 我忘了他多大了。
2) 用句型 " It is … since…"代替"It has been … since …"。例如:
It is (= has been) five years since we last met. 从我们上次见面以来,五年过去了。
18. 一般现在时代替现在进行时。
在Here comes…/There goes…等句型里,用一般现在时代替现在进行时。例如:
There goes the bell. 铃响了。
19. 现在进行时代替将来时
1) 表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。例如:
Are you staying with us this weekend? 和我们一起度周末好吗?
We are leaving soon. 我们马上就走。
2) 渐变动词,如get, run, grow, become, begin以及瞬间动词die等。例如:
He is dying. 他要死了。
20.时态一致
1) 如果从句所叙述的为真理或相对不变的事实,则用现在时。例如:
At that time, people did not know that the earth moves. 那时,人们不知道地球是动的。
He told me last week that he is eighteen. 上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。
2) 宾语从句中的,助动词ought, need, must, dare 的时态是不变的。例如:
He thought that I need not tell you the truth. 他认为我不必告诉你真相。
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以下是小编为大家整理的should的用法,希望能帮助大家更好地掌握should的用法,提高英语水平。
It seems unfair that this should happen to me.真不公平,这件事竟然发生在我身上。
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以下是小编为大家整理的so as to的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识so as to这个词组,提高英语水平。
1) 表示目的;它的否定式是so as not to do。
Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
轻点进去,别惊醒了婴儿。
Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.
汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。
2)so kind as to ---劳驾
Would you be so kind as to tell me the time?
劳驾,现在几点了。
1. He ran quickly so as to catch the last bus.
他跑得很快以便赶上那末班车。
2. The two lovers dropped back so as to be alone.
那对情人落在后面,为的是两人好单独在一起。
3. I left a message so as to be sure of contacting her.
我留下了张条子以便与她取得联系。
4. Gummed so as to adhere.
涂胶的涂上胶以便粘附的
5. Listen carefully so as to follow the teacher.
要仔细听才能听懂老师讲的课。
6. The book will be indexed in the next edition so as to make it more useful.
为了使它更实用,这本书在下一版本中将编有索引。
7. We use our eyelids to blink so as to clean our eyes.
我们利用眼睑眨眼来清洁眼睛。
8. Please check the list carefully so as to avoid mistakes.
请仔细核对单子以避免发生错误。
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以下是小编为大家整理的系动词的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识系动词,提高英语水平。
系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
说明:
有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:
He fell ill yesterday.
他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。
他昨天病了。(fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。)
He fell off the ladder.
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。
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以下是小编为大家整理的非谓语动词用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识非谓语动词,提高英语水平。
1.动名词和动词不定式在用法上的比较
(1)一般说来动名词所表示的动作在意义上是比较抽象的、一般的,时间概念不强,不是指某一次的动作;而动词不定式所表示的动作则往往是具体的一次行为。例如:
1)I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim today.
2) They prefer staying indoors when the weather is cold.
3) Would you prefer to stay at home this evening?
(2)动词不定式的逻辑主语,常常是句子的主语或句中的某个词;而动名词的逻辑主语可能是句子主语或句中某个词,也可能是泛指一般人物,在句子里是找不着的。例如:
1)I hate to be sitting idle. (我不想闲坐着。)(指自己)
2)I hate saying nothing at a meeting but gossiping afterwards. (我不喜欢开会不说会后乱说。)(可能指自己,也可能泛指一般人)
(3)有些词后既可接动名词亦可接动词不定式,但意义不同,如stop, remember, forget, neglect, omit, dislike, detests, begin, continue, start, regret, intend, attempt, propose等。例如:
When the teacher came in, the students stopped talking. (talking 是宾语,指停止讲话这个动作)
When the teacher came in, the students stopped to talk. (to talk是目的状语,指停下前一动作来进行talk)
Remember, forget doing something (指已做过的事)
Remember, forget to do something (指未做过的事)
2.动名词和现在分词在用法上的区别
(1)作定语的区别。分词往往表示它所修饰的词所做的动作,即逻辑主语是它所修饰的词;动名词往往表示与它所修饰的词有关的动作,即所修饰的词不能充当逻辑主语。例如:
sleeping car (= a car for sleeping) (动名词)
working method (= method of working)(动名词)
the raging storm (= the storm that is raging) (狂暴的风雨)(分词)
scorching heat (= heat that is scorching) (炙人的热气)(分词)
(2)作表语的区别。分词作表语时保持它的形容词特征,动名词作表语时保持它的名词特征。动名词作表语时常可与主语互换位置,分词则不行。例如:
The novel is interesting. ( 现在分词)
My job is teaching English. (动名词)
(3)作状语的区别。分词具有副词特征,可以直接用作状语;动名词不具有副词特征,不能单独作状语,只有与介词结合时才能作状语。例如:
1) Hearing the news, they immediately set off for the station. (分词作状语)
2) Given another chance, I’ll do it much better. (分词作状语)
3) After finishing his homework, he went to the reading-room. (动名词与介词一起作状语)
4) On coming in she laid a file of documents upon the table. (动名词与介词一起作状语)
3.动词不定式作宾语补语和现在分词作宾语补语的区别
动词不定式只说明宾语的一个动作,而分词则说明宾语的动作正在进行。例如:
1)Just then he heard someone sing in the next room. (在那时,他听见有人在隔壁房间里唱歌。)
2)Just then he heard someone singing in the next room. (在那时,他听见有人正在隔壁房间里唱歌。
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以下是小编为大家整理的too…to…的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识too…to…这个词组,提高英语水平。
1. The box is too heavy for me to carry.
→The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it.
→It is such a heavy box that I can’t carry it.
2. The child is too young to dress himself.
→The child is so young that he can’t dress himself.
→He is such a young child that he can’t dress himself.(www.yygrammar.com)
注:有时还可与 not…enough to…转换,但此时要注意把原句型中的形容词改为相对应的反义词。如:
The child is too young to dress himself.
→The child is not old enough to dress himself.
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suggest 是个及物动词,后面可以跟名词、代词、动词 -ing 形式或从句作它的宾语。各种试题对 suggest的考查通常涉及到它的非谓语动词形式、宾语从句及宾语从句的虚拟语气等方面。下面就结合历年高考试题,对suggest 的用法作一小结,希望对大家有帮助。
suggest作英语动词的用法大全
一、有“建议”的意思。advise、propose也有此意,请比较它们用法的异同:
1) 都可接名词做宾语
She suggested/ advised/ proposed an early start. 她建议早一点出发。
We suggested/ advised/ proposed a visit to the museum the next day.
我们建议明天去参观博物馆。
2) 都可接动名词做宾语
I suggested/ advised/ proposed putting off the sports-meet. 我建议将运动会延期。
They suggested/ advised/ proposed waiting until the proper time.
他们建议(我们)等到恰当的时机才行动。
3) 都可接that宾语从句,that从句用should+动词原形,should可以省略。
She suggested/ advised/ proposed that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday.
她建议班会不要在星期六举行。
We suggested/ advised/ proposed that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher.
我们建议他去向老师道歉。
4) advise可接动词不定式复合宾语,propose可接不定式做宾语。
I advised him to give up the foolish idea. =I suggested/proposed his/him giving up the foolish idea.我建议他放弃那愚蠢的念头。(suggest和propose在口语里可接动名词的复合宾语)。
We proposed to start early. =We proposed starting early.我们建议早一点出发。(接不定式不用suggest和advise)
二、有“提出”的意思。
如:He suggested a different plan to his boss. 他向老板提出了一个不同的计划。
Xiao Wang suggested a way to solve the problem. 小王提出了一个解决这个问题的办法。
三、有“暗示、表明”的意思,其主语往往是事物,而不是人。
1) 接名词或动名词做宾语。
The simple house suggested a modest income. 这座简朴的房子表明(房主的)收入并不高。
Her pale face suggested bad health. 她脸色苍白,看来身体不好。
The thought of summer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天,就使人们联想到游泳。
2) 接宾语从句,从句用陈述语气。如:
The decision suggested that he might bring his family. 这个决定表明他可以把家属带来。
The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry. 他脸上的表情表明他很生气。
四、在主语从句It is suggested that…及名词suggestion后面表示具体建议的表语从句、同位语从句都应用should+动词原形,should可以省略。如:
It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party.
人们建议我们在晚会上表演节目。
His suggestion was that the debts (should) be paid off first. 他的建议是先把债务还清。
The doctors made a suggestion that the new hospital (should) not be set up on the hill.
医生们建议不要把新医院建在山上。
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下面是小编整理的一些关于动词make的用法总结,以供大家学习参考。
1 You can't make him come with us if he doesn't want to.如果他不想来,你不能强迫他跟我们一起来。make在这里做使役动词用,后面的come是省to 的宾语补足语。
2 The policemen made him wait at the poice station all day.警察把他羁押在警察局里整整一天。make在这里做使役动词用,后面的wait是省to 的宾语补足语。但是这句话如果变成被动语态,那么动词不定式不能省to.He was made to wait at the police station all day.
make做实义动词用时,经常有一些固定搭配的词组。
1 be made of...,由......构成。
The Crystal Palace was made of iron and glass.《NCE2》L80。
水晶宫是由玻璃和铁构成的。(原材料的特性没有改变)
2 be made from...,由......做成。
Cheese is made from milk.
干酪是用牛奶制成的。(原材料milk已经看不见了)
3 be made in...,在......地方制造。
The Ford car is made in America.
这辆伏特车是美国生产的。
4 make sb. sth./ make sth. for sb. 为某人做某事。(make后面带双宾语)
Shall I make you(间接宾语)a sandwich(直接宾语)? / Shall I make a sandwich for you?
我为你做一个三明治好吗?
5 与名词连用的常用词组:
a.to make a law/rule. 制定法律/法规。
b.to make a mistake.犯错误。
c.to make a guess.猜一下。
d.to make a comment/ statement.发表评论/声明。
e.to make a suggestion. 提出建议。
f.to make progress.取得进步。
g.to make a dicision.(decide)做决定。
h.to make an appointment.约定。
i.to make a speech.做演讲。
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根据后面是否带宾语,行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词,及物动词(vt. ) 后面要跟宾语,不及物动词(vi. ) 不跟宾语。如:
They study hard. 他们勤奋学习。(study后没有宾语,是不及物动词)
I know them well. 我很了解他们。(know后有宾语them,是及物动词)
注:有的动词既可作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。如:
She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing是不及物动词)
She sang an English song just now. 她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing是及物动词)
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下面是小编整理的一些关于情态动词表示推测的用法,欢迎大家阅读!
1. 熟记情态动词的语气特点和用法限制。
1)表示肯定的猜测时,各情态动词语气强弱如下:
最强——must(一定)
will (很有可能)
would(很有可能)
ought to(应该,很有可能)
should(应该,很有可能)
can(可能)
could(可能)
may(可能)
最弱——might(可能)
2)表示否定的猜测时can't / couldn't语气最强,指“不可能”;may / might not语气最弱,意思是“可能不”。
3)一些情态动词表猜测时的用法限制。
must只用于肯定句;
may/ might一般不用于疑问句;
could可用于各种句式;而can多用于否定句、疑问句,用于肯定句时,多指“客观可能性”。如:
Lightning can be very dangerous.闪电可能会非常危险。
2. 把握题干猜测语气的强弱。
题干中如果有客观依据,应该选择猜测语气最强的情态动词;如果没有客观依据,则应选择猜测语气最弱的情态动词。如:
—Are you coming to Jeff's party?
—I'm not sure. I ________go to the concert instead.
A. must B. would
C. should D.might
本题中的猜测没有客观依据。说话人对是否会去参加聚会还没拿定主意,去听音乐会也仅仅是有可能而已。因此,应选语气最弱项,答案为D。
另外,在特定的语境中,一些“情态动词+have done”不再对一件事情是否发生进行猜测,而是对已发生的事表达自己的看法, 有时具有一定的感情色彩。
①ought to/ should have done本该做(却未做);oughtn't to/ shouldn't have done本不该做(却做了),含有“责备”之意。如:
You shouldn't have done that; I had warned you of that several times.我已多次警告你,你本不该那么做的。
②might have done本可以做(却没有),有时表示很委婉的责备。如:
You might have phoned me, though you were busy then.你再忙也该给我打个电话。
③could have done本可能(却没有)如:
He could have caught the early bus, but he was delayed by helping a stranger.他本能够赶上早班车;他是因为帮一个陌生人而晚点的。
④would(not) have done本想做(却没做)/本不想做(却做了)。如:
I would have helped you, but I was too busy.我本想帮你,可我太忙了。
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以下是小编为大家整理的动词的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识动词,提高英语水平。
动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类,即行为动词(也称实义动词)、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。
(一)行为动词
行为动词(实义动词)是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整,可以单独作谓语。例如:
I live in Beijing with my mother.(我和我妈妈住在北京。)live,住
It has a round face.(它有一张圆脸。)has,有
(二)连系动词
连系动词是表示主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的词,它虽有词义,但不完整,所以不能单独作谓语,必须跟表语一起构成合成谓语,例如:
We are in Grade Two this year.(今年我们在两年级。)are,是
are 这个词的词义“是”在句子中常常不译出。
连系动词可具体分为三类:
1、表示“是”的动词be。这个词在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式,is,am,are,was,were,have/has been等要特别予以注意。例如:
He is a teacher.(他是个教师。)
He was a soldier two years ago.(两年前他是个士兵。)
We are Chinese.(我们是中国人。)
2、表示“感觉”的词,如look(看起来),feel(觉得,摸起来),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),taste(尝起来)等,例如:
She looked tired.(她看一去很疲劳。)
I feel ill.(我觉得不舒服。)
Cotton feels soft.(棉花摸起来很软。)
The story sounds interesting.(这个故事听起来很有趣。)
The flowers smell sweet.(这些花闻起来很香。)
The mixture tasted horrible.(这药水太难喝了。)
3、表示“变”、“变成”的意思的词,如become, get, grow, turn, 都解释为“变”、“变得”,例如:
She became a college student.(她成了一名大学生。)
He feels sick. His face turns white.(他感到不舒服,他的脸色变苍白了。)
The weather gets warmer and the days get longer when spring comes.(春天来了,天气变得暖和些了,白天也变得较长些了。)
He grew old.(他老了。)
[难点解释]
注意区别以下一些动词的用法,它们既可以作为行为动词,又可以作为连系动词。
1、look看;看起来
He is looking at the picture.(他正在看这图片。)行为动词
It looks beautiful.(它看上去很美丽。)连系动词
2、fell摸;感觉
1)I felt someone touch my arm.(我感到有人碰我的手臂。)行为动词
Are you felling better today than before?(你今天比以前感到好些了吗?)连系动词
3、smell嗅;闻起来
My little brother likes to smell the apple before he eats it.(我的小弟弟喜欢在吃苹果前闻一闻。)行为动词
Great! The flowers smell nice.(这些花闻起来多香啊!)连系动词
4、sound弄响,发音;听起来
The letter “h” in hour is not sounded.(在hour这个词中字母h是不发音的。)行为动词
The gun sounded much closer.(枪声听起来更近了。)连系动词
5、taste辨味;尝起来
Please taste the soup.(请尝一口汤。)行为动词
The soup tastes terrible.(这汤尝起来味道太差了。)连系动词
6、get得到,获得;变
There are some bananas on the table. Each of you can get one.(桌上有些香蕉,你们每个人可以拿一个。)行为动词
7、grow生长,种植;变
Do you grow rice in your country?(你们的国家种水稻吗?)行为动词
It’s too late. It’s growing dark.(太迟了,天渐渐变暗了。)连系动词
8、turn转动,翻动,使变得;变
The earth turns around the sun.(地球绕着太阳转。)行为动词
When spring comes, the trees turn green and the flowers come out.(春天来了,树叶变经绿了,花儿开了。)连系动词
上述句子中的动词如grow、get、turn等,既可以作连系动词,又可以作行为动词。如何来辨别它们呢?有一个最简便的方法,即用连系动词be替换句子中的这些动词,句子仍然成立就是连系动词;反之,不能替换的,就是行为动词。例如:
The trees turn/are green when spring comes.(春天来临,树叶变绿。)
The earth rurns around the sun.(地球绕着太阳转。)
这第二句句子中的turn是行为动词,意为“转动”。无法以is替换。
(三)助动词
这类词本身无词义,不能单独作谓语,只能与主要动词一起构成谓语,表示不同的时态、语态、表示句子的否定和疑问,例如:
He does not speak English well.(他英语讲得不好。)
句中的does是助动词,既表示一般现在时,又与not一起构成否定形式。
A dog is running after a cat.(一条狗正在追逐一只猫。)
句中的is 是助动词,和run的现在分词一起构成现在进行时。
Did he have any milk and bread for his breakfast ?(他早餐喝牛奶、吃面包吗?)
句中的did是助动词,既表示一般过去时,又和动词have一起构成疑问。
(四)情态动词
这类词本身虽有意义,但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态,如“可能”、“应当”等。这类动词有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。它们不能单独作谓语,必须与行为动词(原形)一起作谓语,表示完整的意思,例如:
I can dance.(我会跳舞。)can, 能, 会
He can’t walk because he is a baby.(因为他是个婴儿,不会走路。)can’t, 不必
May I come in?(我可以进来吗?)may, 可以
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这里我们一起来了解wait种种用法,以及它的过去式与参考例句。以下是读文网小编给大家带来wait过去式时态和用法及参考例句,以供参阅。
1. He waited until all the luggage was cleared, but Paula's never appeared.
他一直等到所有的行李都拿走了,但始终没看见葆拉的。
2. Sailors hung about while they waited to ship out.
水手们在等待离港的时候四处闲逛。
3. The gunman had singled Debilly out and waited for him.
那名枪手瞄准了德比利,伺机而动。
4. Here, at long last, was the moment he had waited for.
他等待已久的时刻终于到来。
5. I stopped and waited for her to catch up.
我停住脚步,等她追上来。
6. I waited for news, day after day, expecting to hear.
我日复一日地等着,期待能听到消息。
7. If I'd waited in for you I could have waited all day.
要是我真留在家等你,那早都等上一整天了。
8. We waited until five o'clock, but he did not show up.
我们一直等到了5点,但是他始终没有露面。
9. He waited until the man had turned a corner.
他一直等到那个男人拐过街角.
10. He waited several minutes for a car to pull up alongside.
他等了几分钟,直到一辆汽车靠边停下。
11. We waited three months before going back to see the specialist.
我们等了3个月才回去见那位专家。
12. We waited till twelve and we finally got on the plane.
我们一直等到12点才终于上了飞机。
13. She had not waited for any explanation but had condemned him unheard.
她没等他解释,就指责他充耳不闻。
14. To kill the hours while she waited, Ann worked in the garden.
为了打发等待的那几个小时,安在菜园里干些活。
15. He waited some 80 to 100 yards from the big pink villa.
他在距离那座粉红色的大别墅约80到100码的地方等候着。
看过wait的过去式和用法及参考例句
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以下是小编为大家整理的短语动词的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识各种短语动词,提高英语水平。
如look forward to, put up with, looked up to, go in for, go along with, date back to, look down on, keep up with, add up to, run out of等。如:
She soon caught up with us. 她很快赶上了我们。
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