为您找到与分词做定语举例相关的共41个结果:
分词就是具有动词 及形容词二者特征的词,尤指以-ing或-ed,-d,-t,-en或-n结尾的英语动词性形容词,具有形容词功能,同时又表现各种动词性特点,如时态 、语态 、带状语性修饰语的性能及带宾词的性能。以下是小编为大家整理的分词作定语用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识分词,提高英语水平。
1) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written
答案D. 书与写作是被动关系,应用过去分词做定语表被 动,相当于定语从句 which is written
2)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speakingB. spoken C. be spokenD. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
spoken是动词speak的过去分词形式,在句中作定语,修饰主语language, spoken 与 language有被动关系。该句可以理解为:
What's the language (which is) spoken in German?
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定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,所以叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。那么你知道定语从句的用法吗?下面跟着读文网小编一起来学习一下,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
1.限制性定语从句说明先行词的情况,对先行词起限定作用,与先行词关系十分密切,不可用逗号隔开,也不可省略,否则全句意义就不完整。如:
This is the telegram which he refers to.
Is there anything (that) I can do for you?
2.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作补充说明,没有限定作用,它与先行词的关系比较松散,因而不是关键性的,如果省略,原句的意义仍然完整。这种从句在朗读时要有停顿,在文字中通常用逗号与主句隔开。如:
This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago.
As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有:who, whom, whose, which, when 和 where,不可以用that和why。
另外,非限制性定语从句从意义上讲,相当于一个并列句,在口语中使用并不普遍,在日常生活中,人们通常用并列句或简单句来表达。如:
I told the story to John, who later did it to his brother.
= I told the story to John, and he later told it to his brother.
Yesterday I happened to see John, who was eager to have a talk with you.
= Yesterday I happened to see John and he was eager to have a talk with you.
3.两种定语从句的内涵不同,限制性定语从句具有涉他性,而非限制性定语从句具有 唯一性,这在理解和翻译时应特别注意。试比较:
All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.
All the books there that have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.
His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man. (只有一个)
His brother who is a PLA man is eighteen years old. (不止一个)
4.有时,非限制性定语从句所修饰的不是某一个词,而是整个主句或是主句中的一个部分,这时一般采用which或as来引导。如:
He passed the exam, which/as he hoped he would.
注:(1)as引导的从句可以放在主句之前,而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。
They are hollow, which makes them very light.
As is known to all, Taiwan is a part of China.
(2)从意义上讲,which指前面主句的内容;而as指代的是作为一般人都知道的常
识性的东西,因此常译成“就象… …那样”。
(3)如果定语从句的内容对主句的内容起消极作用,则用which,而不用as,如:
She stole her friend’s money, which was disgraceful.
He tore up my photo, which upset me.
5.在正式文体中,以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常以in which或 that 引导,如:
The way in which you answered the questions was admirable.
但在非正式文体中,人们通常省略in which或 that :
The way (in which) he spoke to us was suspicious.
I don’t like the way (that) you laugh at her.
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drink有动词和名词的用法,而作为动词时它的过去式和过去分词是?以下是读文网小编给大家带来drink的过去式和过去分词用法,以供参阅。
drink的用法1:drink的基本意思是“用嘴直接喝、饮”,可以用于任何可以喝的东西,如水、茶、酒、咖啡、柠檬汁等。
drink的用法2:drink用作及物动词时可接名词或代词作宾语,还可接形容词或介词短语作宾语补足语。用作不及物动词时常指“喝酒”,有时也可表示“喝水”。
drink的用法3:英语泛指“喝酒”只说drink,不说drink wine; “喝一杯…”一般用have〔take〕 a cup of...,不用drink a cup of...。
drink的用法4:drink还可作“吸收,吸入”解,多指植物、土壤等吸收水分和养料等,也可指人们吸取知识。drink作此解时是及物动词,常与in连用。
drink的用法5:drink接earns, money作宾语时,意为“用光,花光”。
drink的用法6:drink可用于现在完成时,也可用于现在完成进行时。用于现在完成进行时可不带宾语,但用于现在完成时须带宾语。
drink的用法7:drink作“饮料”解时,可指矿泉水、柠檬茶等不含酒精的软饮料(soft drink),也可指啤酒、白酒等含酒精的硬饮料(hard〔strong〕 drink),还可指热茶、咖啡等温度较高的热饮料(hot drink),作此解时是不可数名词; 而作“一杯杯的饮料”解时,是可数名词。
drink的用法8:drink还可作“酒”解,尤指白酒。泛指酒时,是不可数名词; 而指“一杯一杯的酒”或“各种酒”时是可数名词。
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以下是小编为大家整理的英语否定词语表达举例分析,希望能帮助大家更好地认识英语否定词语,提高英语水平。
肯定与否定是两个完全对立的概念,容不得半点含糊。然而,英语的否定形式相当繁杂,稍有不慎,难免有“谬以千里”之虞。本文拟将英汉两种语言对否定概念的表达方式作一概括性分析,并简述部分翻译技巧。
英语否定概念的表达形式大致可分为两类——显形否定与隐形否定。前者一般借助否定词或含否定意义的句型表达,其否定含义较为直观,故有明否定之称;后者无明显否定词,其否定含义往往要靠上下文或语境来推定,比较难以把握,故有暗否定或间接否定之称。
现分述如下:
常用否定词
no,not,never,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere,neither, nor,neither...nor,but,without,unless,but for,but that,in the absence of,regardless of, instead of,exclusive of,short of,rather than,anything but,any more than,out of the question,would no more...than
由a-,dis-,il-,im-,ir-,un-,non-,anti-,mal-,under-等前缀及-less,-free,-proof等后缀合成的否定词
hardly,scarcely,barely,little,few,seldom等半否定词
avoid,ban,call off,cancel,deny,deprive,exclude,escape,evade,forbid,free...from,free from/of,fail,hate,ignore,lack,lose,miss,naught,neglect, prohibit,quit, refuse,rid,rule out,stop以及above,against,beneath,beyond,far from,off,out of,past和absent,bad,bare, empty, last, poor,vaccant等可用于表达否定概念的词。
1) 这类否定句要注意如下三个问题:
否定程度的强弱,说话者的态度以及否定句式表肯定概念
He is not richer than I. 他不比我富。
He is no richer than I. 他和我一样,也不富。
He is not a statesman. 他不是政治家。
He is no statesman. 他绝非政治家。(弦外音:他不懂政治)
No less than fifty people were killed in the accident. 事故中多达五十人死亡(够多的,≈as many as,多达)。
Write a short passage of not less than 200 words.
写一段短文字数不少于二百(多则不限)。
We have not learned more than 1,000 English words.
我们学了不超过一千个英语单词(顶多一千个,可能比这还少)。
We have learned no more than 1,000 English words.
我们学了一千个英语单词(不够多)。
I could not feel better.我感觉再好不过了。
I can not agree more.我完全同意。
You can't be too careful when driving.开车时愈小心愈好(或尽可能小心)。
There is no smallest wind today.今天一点风也没有。
There is no small wind today.今天的风可真不小。
It leaves nothing to be desired. 这已完美无缺。
2)错位否定
It doesn't seem to be logical. 这似乎不合逻辑。
I don't think you are right.我认为你不对。
He didn't go there by bus. 他不是乘公共汽车去的。
I don't teach because teaching is easy for me. 我之所以教书,并不是因为教书容易。
In no circumstances should we be conceited.我们绝不应该骄傲自满。
但有些否定词的位置不同,含义也不同。
I haven't decided to go there. 我没决定去不去那儿。
I have decided not to go there.我已决定不去那儿。
这类词还有 advise,tell,ask,require,request,pretend 等。
3)部分否定(或不完全否定)
除了上述c)类词以外,当all,both,every,everything,everybody,everywhere,always,often,completely, wholly,entirely,necessarily 与not 连用时,也表示部分否定:
I do not remember all those names.我记不得所有的名称。
He does not often come here. 他不是老来这儿。 Don't always ask for help.不要老让人帮忙。
另外,d)类词属多义词,必须多加小心,尤其是beyond等介词,要注意其搭配关系。
如:It's quite beyond me (above me, past me, beyond my depth). 这个我理解不了。
beyond: ~ expectation(出乎意料), ~ debate / controversy(无可争议,无疑的), ~ dispute(无可辩驳),~ description(无法描述),~ cure(不可救药),~ one
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对于一个具有一定英语水平的人来说,了解定语运用的规律,从而提高分析语言表现技巧的能力,而且还可以有力提高准确、有效地运用语言的能力。为此 ,本文想就英语中几种常见的定语常见错误粗略地谈谈自己的看法。
1.误:I still remember the day when we spent together.
正:I still remember the day that/which we spent together.
译:我仍记得我们在一起度过的日子。
析:应改when为that或which,因为从句中谓语动词spent是及物动词,其后应跟宾语而不是时间状语。 ?
2.误:This is the house where we lived in last year.
正:This is the house which/that we lived in last year.
译:这是我们去年住过的那个房子。
析:应改where为which或that,因为从句谓语动词lived后有介词in,其后少介词宾语,而不是地点状语。
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以下是小编为大家整理的分词的用法的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识分词,提高英语水平。
分词作定语
分词前置
We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日
He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人
分词后置 (i分词词组;ii 个别分词如given, left; iii 修饰不定代词 something等)
There was a girl sitting there.有个女孩坐在那里
There is nothing interesting. 没有有趣的东西
This is the question given. 这是所给的问题
过去分词作定语
与其修饰的词是被动关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.
典型例题
1)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speakingB. spoken C. be spokenD. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
2) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written
答案D. 书与写作是被动关系,应用过去分词做定语表被动,相当于定语从句 which is written
2)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speakingB. spoken C. be spokenD. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
spoken是动词speak的过去分词形式,在句中作定语,修饰主语language, spoken 与 language有被动关系。该句可以理解为:
What's the language (which is) spoken in German?
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分词分为现在分词 和过去分词 两种,是一种非谓语动词 形式。现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于:现在分词表示“主动和进行”,过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示完成)。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语 或逻辑主语等。以下是小编为大家整理的分词的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识分词,提高英语水平。
分词短语在句中作让步状语时,相当于一个让步状语从句,有时分词前可以带有连接词although, whether, even if, even though。
现在分词短语作让步状语,分词的逻辑主语是句中的主语,变成状语从句时,需用主动语态。
Weighing almost one hundred jin the stone was moved by him alone.
= Although the stone weighted almost one hundred jin, it was moved by him alone. 虽然那块石头重将近一百斤,他一个人就把它挪动了。
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现在分词作状语:
①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时或几乎是同时发生的,可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。如:
Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car.
他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。
My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there.
我表兄去深圳了,希望在那儿找份工作。
The child fell,striking his head against the door.
小孩摔了一跤,头在门上碰了一下。
In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里,这个国家经历了艰难的时期,遭受了几次致命的地震。
Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom.
因为是春天,所以花都盛开着。
②有些分词作状语,没有逻辑上的主语,已成为习惯用法:considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。如:
Talking of this film, it’s wonderful.
说到这部电影,好极了。
Assuming that it is true, what should we do now?
假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办?
Judging by the direction of the wind, it won’t rain today.
根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。
Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。
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give有给;赠予;送;捐助;提供等意思,那么你知道give的过去式是什么吗?下面跟着读文网小编一起来学习一下,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
give的用法1:give是常用动词,词义丰富,用法复杂,构词能力强; 其基本的词义是“给”。give作及物动词时可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接双宾语,其间接宾语有时可转换为介词to的宾语,还可接动词不定式或以“as+ n. ”充当补足语的复合宾语。
give的用法2:give接双宾语时,间接宾语是人,双宾语的句型可以转变为跟to短语的句型,但当间接宾语是物时,则间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后的位置是固定的,不可以转换。give接双宾语时的被动结构可把间接宾语变为主语; 也可把直接宾语变为主语。但人们通常对人(或动物)比对物更感兴趣,所以用人作主语比较多。
give的用法3:give的过去分词常用作定语,多前置,构成过去分词短语时则一般后置。过去分词短语作状语时表示完成或被动的意义,作“假定; 容许; 如果有…”解。
give的用法4:give的现在进行时可表示按计划〔安排、打算〕将要发生的动作,这时句中一般有表示将来的时间状语或特定的上下文。
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write的过去式是wrote,相应的它的过去分词应当如何写?以下是读文网小编给大家带来write的过去式和过去分词介绍,以供参阅。
1. I thought, "Here'ssomeone who'll understand me." So I wrote to her.
我想:“这个人会理解我的。”于是开始给她写信。
2. I wrote back to Meudon at once to fix up a meeting.
我马上给缪顿回信安排会面。
3. I wrote that song just to cheer myself up.
我写那首歌是给我自己打气的。
4. Renata wrote him that she had encountered her long-estranged father.
雷娜塔写信告诉他说她碰到了分离多年的父亲。
5. Stevens wrote him a note asking him to come to his apartment.
史蒂文斯给他写了张便条,请他去自己的公寓。
6. One of Pete's friends wrote his car off there.
皮特的一个朋友在那儿把他的汽车撞毁了。
7. We went straight to the estate agent and wrote out a cheque.
我们径直到房地产经纪人那里开了一张支票。
8. He wrote up his visit in a report of over 600 pages.
他将自己的访问整理成了一份600多页的报告。
9. Thereafter she wrote articles for papers and magazines in Paris.
此后她给巴黎的报纸和杂志撰稿。
10. I wrote down the number 46 and drew a circle around it.
我写下46这个数字,又画了个圆将它圈起来。
11. He wrote 54 crime novels, which spawned both movies and television shows.
他写了54部侦探小说,很多被改编成了电影和电视剧。
12. Snape wrote a receipt with a gold fountain pen.
斯内普用金笔开了一张收据。
13. She wrote to Paramount Studios and asked if they would audition her.
她写信给派拉蒙电影公司,询问他们是否同意让她去试镜。
14. Who wrote the screenplay from Patricia Highsmith's book? Raymond Chandler, no less.
帕特里夏·海史密斯那本书是谁改编成剧本的?雷蒙德·钱德勒呀,厉害。
15. He wrote a few more notes on the board.
他在黑板上又写了几条注释。
看过write的过去式和过去分词介绍
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现在分词既具有动词的一些特征,又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。
(1)现在分词的形式:否定式:not + 现在分词
现在分词的主动语态:现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生,完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生,常作状语。例如:
They went to the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。
Having done his homework, he played basket-ball. 做完作业,他开始打篮球。
现在分词的被动语态:一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作,完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。
The problem being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.
(2)现在分词的句法功能:
①现在分词作定语,当分词单独做定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语做定语放在名词后。
In the following years he worked even harder. 在后来的几年中,他学习更努力了。
The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor's father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。
现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能,如:in the following years也可用in the years that followed; the man speaking to the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.
②现在分词作表语:
The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. The present situation is inspiring. 鼓舞人心。
be + doing既可能表示现在进行时,也可能是现在分词做表语,它们的区别在于be + doing表示进行的动作是进行时,而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。
③作宾语补足语:如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语:
see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。例如:
Can you hear her singing the song in the next room?He kept the car waiting at the gate.
④作状语:
A. 作时间状语: (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.
B. 作原因状语: Being a League member, he is always helping others.
C.作方式状语,表示伴随: He stayed at home, cleaning and washing.
D.作条件状语: (If) Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.
E. 作结果状语: He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.
F.作目的状语: He went swimming the other day.
G.作让步状语: Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.
H.与逻辑主语构成独立主格:
I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head. 我等汽车时,一只鸟落到我头上。
All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.
Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises.
The window is broken. They were frightened at the sad sight. 他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。
注意:be + 过去分词,如果表示状态是系表结构,如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。区别:
The window is broken.(系表)The window was broken by the boy.(被动)
有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的,不表示被动,只表示完成。如:
boiled water(开有时也可用with (without) +名词(代词宾格)+分词形式
With the lights burning, he fell asleep. 他点着灯睡着了。
E. 作独立成分:
Judging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看,他一定是个演员。
Generally speaking, girls are more careful. 一般说来,女孩子更细心。
5 过去分词 :过去分词只有一种形式:规则动词由原形动词词尾加-ed构成.不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则,要一一记住 。
过去分词的句法功能:
1)过去分词作定语:
Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。
Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting. 当选为委员的人将出席这次会。
注意当过去分词是单词时,一般用于名词前,如果是过去分词短语,就放在名词的后面。过去分词做定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
(2)过去分词作表语:
fallen leaves(落叶)newly arrived goods(新到的货)
the risen sun(升起的太阳)the changed world(变了的世界)
这类过去分词有:gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。
(3) 过去分词作宾语补足语:
I heard the song sung several times last week.
有时过去分词做with短语中的宾语补足语:With the work done, they went out to play.
(4)过去分词作状语:
Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. (表示原因)
Once seen, it can never be forgotten. (表示时间)
Given more time, I'll be able to do it better.(表示条件)
Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.(表示让步)
Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave.
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过去分词作状语用法归纳
一、过去分词(短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语。过去分词(短语)作状语一般都用逗号同其它成分隔开。
1. 作时间状语时,可转换为when或while等引导的从句,通常放在句首。如:
Seen from the top of thehill (= When it is seen from the top of the hill), the school looks like a biggarden.
2. 作条件状语时,可转换为once, if或unless等引导的从句,一般放在句首。如:
Given more attention (=If it was given more attention), the fire could have been avoided.
3. 作原因状语时,可转换为because, as或since等引导的从句,多放在句首。如:
Encouraged (= As she wasencouraged) by the teacher, the girl was very happy.
4. 作让步状语时,可转换为though, although 或even if引导的从句,常放在句首。如:
Left (= Although she wasleft) alone at home, Jenny didn’t feel afraid at all.
5. 作方式或伴随状语时,常可转换为并列分句,可位于句首或句末。如:
Surrounded by hisstudents, the teacher went into the lab. (= The teacher was surrounded by hisstudents and he went into the lab.)
6. 过去分词(短语)作状语时,有时为了强调,前面可带连词when, while,if, though, as if, unless等。如:
When given a physicalexamination, you should keep calm.
二、现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别
现在分词作状语与过去分词作状语的最主要区别就在于两者与所修饰的主语在逻辑上是主动还是被动关系。
1. 现在分词作状语时,现在分词表示的动作与主语之间在逻辑上是主动关系。如:
Not knowing what to do,he asked his good friend for help.
2. 过去分词作状语时,主语是过去分词动作的承受者,它们之间是被动关系。如:
Given more attention,the flowers could have grown better.
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. (tell) thathis mother was ill, Li Ming hurried home quickly.
2. (satisfy)with what he did, the teacher praised him in front of his classmates.
3. (give) a fewminutes, I’ll finish the experiment.
4. (compare)with Susan, you still have a long way to go.
二、1. Told 2. Satisfied 3. Given 4. Compared
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分词的两种用法和结构:
1)分词的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致,如果不一致,要用独立主格结构。如:All the money having been spent, they had to look for a part-time job.钱花光之后,他们不得不找零活干。
2)with+名词(或代词宾格)+分词(短语)作状语,表示伴随情况。
如:With oil expected to be scarce by the end of the century, the European Community has set aside 36 million dollars for hydrogen research over the past four years.预期本世纪末石油将紧缺,在过去四年里,欧洲共同体已储备了3,600万美元进行氢气的研究工作。
Then, maneuvering that iron stove through that doorway, with another mighty grunt Pete just heaved it forward and outward, and it smashed down against her little grassy-patched dirt back yard, the sounds of the crash and the iron cracking open sending her little spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens all yelping and squawking and flying.
句子解析:maneuvering that iron stove through that doorway是现在分词短语作状语,表示时间。the iron cracking open是独立分词结构,而sending her little spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens all yelping and squawking and flying的sending是分词独立结构,而后面的三个现在分词是作为宾语spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens的宾语补语。
句子翻译:然后,彼特搬着铁炉走出门口,又大喝了一声,举起铁炉向前往外抛去,顿时落在她乱草丛生的小后院,摔成碎片。撞击声和生铁的破裂声把她的小花狗和几只小鸡吓得咯咯大叫,四散飞逃。
If you haven't actively sought a job in the past week and aren't available for an immediate start, you are moved from the ranks of the “unemployed” to one of a number of other categories---so those who throw up their hands after a period of looking vanish into a one-line column, becoming just blips in the statistician's computer, along with those who haven't been able to get out and look for work, or aren't in areas where jobs exist, or who don't fulfill the other stringent guidelines to be classed as actively looking for work.
句子解析:这个句子很长,但其真正的主句在破折号之前。其主句中if引导了一个表示条件的从句,而破折号之后的内容用于进一步解释one of a number of other categories,who引导的是those的定语从句,becoming just blips in the statistician's computer这个现在分词作为状语用于表示结果,和接下来的伴随状况,along with those who…是一复杂的短语用于状语,用以进一步说明和对比。
句子翻译:如果你在过去的一周里没有积极寻找工作,并且不能马上开始上班,那他们就会把你从“失业者”群转到许多其他类别中的一类,所以那些找了一段时间以后感到绝望的人和那些没能出去找工作或不在有工作的地区或是因不符合其他一些严格标准而没能算在积极寻找工作之列的人一道统统消失掉,变成了统计学家电脑屏幕上的区区亮点而已。
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中国各地使用的中药已达5000种左右,把各种药材相配伍而形成的方剂,更是数不胜数。接下来小编为大家整理了中草药成分词汇中英对照,希望对你有帮助哦!
Abrine 相思豆碱
O-Acetyl-3,6-di-O-β-D-xylopy-rano- astragaloside O-乙烯 3,6-双氧-β-D- 吡喃木糖基绵毛黄芪甙
Acetylastragaloside 乙酰黄芪甙
N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖糖
6''-acetylhyperoside 6''-乙酰氧基金丝桃甙
Acetylshikonin 乙酰紫草素
14-Acetyltalatisamine Achyranthan 牛膝多糖
Acobreting D 短距乌头碱丁
Acobreting E 短距乌头碱戊
Aconine 乌头原碱
Aconitine 乌头碱
Aconosine 爱康诺辛
Actein 黄肉楠碱
Actinodephnine Acuminatin Acuminatoside Adenanthin 腺华素
Adenine 腺嘌呤
Adenoside 腺苷
Adynerin 欧夹竹桃甙乙
Aescin 七叶皂甙
Aesculetin 七叶素(七叶内脂,秦皮乙素)马栗树皮素
Aesculin 七叶甙 马栗树皮甙
Agaricic acid 落叶松覃酸
Agaricus blazei murrill P.E 姬松茸提取物
Agrimophol 仙鹤草酚
Ajmalicine(δ-Yohimbine) 阿吗碱,δ-育亨宾碱,阿吗里新
Ajmaline 阿马林
Akebia saponin D 木通皂甙 D
Alantolactone 土木香内酯
Albopilosin A Aleuritic acid 苏式-紫胶桐酸
Alfalfa P.E 紫苜蓿提取物
Alizarin 茜素
Alkaloids 罗勒生物碱
Allantoin 尿囊素
Allasecurinine 别一叶秋碱
Allantolin Allicin 大蒜素
α-Allocryptopine α-别隐品碱
Alloisoimperatorin 别异欧前胡素
Alloxanthoxyletin Allose 阿罗糖
Aloeemodin 芦荟大黄素
Aloe-saponol Aloin 芦荟甙
Aloesin 芦荟苦素
Aloperin 苦豆碱
Alpinetin 山姜素
Amentoflavone 1- Amino-cyclopropane-1-acid hydrochloride 1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸盐酸盐
Amethystoidin A 香茶菜甲素
Ampelopstin 福建茶素
Amygdalase 苦杏仁酶
Amygdalin 苦杏仁甙
Aamylase 淀粉酶
β-Amyrin β-香树脂醇
α-Amyrin acetate α-香树脂醇乙酸乙酯
β-Amyrin acetate β-香树脂醇乙酸乙酯
β-Amyrin palmitate 棕榈酰β-香树酯
Anabasine 毒藜碱
Anagyrine 臭豆碱,安那吉碱
Andrographis Paniculata P.E 穿心莲提取物
Andrographolide 穿心莲内酯 穿心莲乙素
Anemonin 白头翁素
Angelica Dongquai P.E 当归提取物
Anisodamine 山莨菪碱
Anisodine 樟柳碱
Anthocyanosides 花色素
Anthraglycoside A 大黄素-6-甲醚-8-D-葡萄糖甙
Anthraglycoside B 大黄素-8-D-葡萄糖甙
Apigenin 芹菜甙元 芹菜素
Apigenin-7-glucoside 芹菜甙元-7- 葡萄糖甙
Apigenin-7-O-glucoside 芹菜甙元-7- O-葡萄糖甙
Apigenin-8-O-glucoside 芹菜甙元-8- O-葡萄糖甙
Apigenin-7-O-α-L-rhamnoside 芹黄素-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖甙
Apiin 芹菜甙
Apple Extract 苹果提取物
Araloside A 楤木皂甙 A
Arbutin 熊果甙
Arctigenin 牛蒡甙元
Arctiin 牛蒡子甙
Arctinal 牛蒡子醛
Arctinol b 牛蒡子醇-b
Aristolactone 马兜铃内酯
Aristolochic acid A, D 马兜铃酸A,D
Aristolochic acid B, C 马兜铃酸B,C
Armillarisin A 亮菌甲素,假蜜环菌甲素
Arteannuic acid 青蒿酸
Arteannuin 青蒿素
Artemisinin 青蒿提取物
α-Artemether α-蒿甲醚
β-Artemether β-蒿甲醚
Artemetin 青蒿亭
Artemisinic acid 春活力 青蒿酸
Arundoin 芦竹素
Asarinin 细辛脂素
α-Asaron α-细辛醚
β-Asarone β-细辛醚
Asiatic acid 积雪草酸
Asiaticoside 积雪草甙
Astilbin 落新妇甙
Astragaloside 黄芪甙
Astragalin Astragaloside II 黄芪皂甙 II
Astragaloside IV 黄芪甲甙
Astragalus Root P.E 黄芪提取物
Atisine chloride Atractydin 苍术素
Atractylon 苍术酮
Atraotydin 苍术甙
Atropine 阿托品
Aucubin 桃叶珊瑚甙
Avacularin 扁蓄甙
Baicalein 黄芩素
Baicalin 黄芩甙
Baical Skullcap root P.E 黄芩提取物
Bakuchiol 补骨脂酚
Bavachalcone 补骨脂查耳酮
Barley Grass P.E 麦苗精提取物
Beiwutine 北乌碱
Benzoylmesaconitine 苯甲酰中乌头原碱
Berbamine 小檗胺
Berbamine hydrochloride 盐酸小檗胺
Berberine 小檗碱
Berberine hydrochloride 盐酸小檗碱
Bergapten 香柑内酯 佛手柑内酯
Bergaptol 佛手酚
Bergenin 岩白菜素
Betaine 甜菜碱
Caffeic acid 咖啡酸
Caffeine 咖啡碱
Calcium Citrate (Tricalcium citrate) 柠檬酸钙
Calcium Malate 苹果酸钙
(+)-Camphor 樟脑
Camptothecine 喜树碱
Cantharidin 斑蟊素
Capillarisin 茵陈色原酮
Capsaicin 辣椒碱
Capsanthin 辣椒黄素
Capsicum Extract 辣椒萃取物
Capsorubin 辣椒红素
Carthamidin 红花素
Carthamin 红花甙
Caryophyllene 石竹烯
Cassia Nomame P.E 水皂角提取物
Catalpol 梓醇
Catalposide 梓甙
Cat's claw P.E 猫爪草提取物
Caudoside 考多甙
Cedilanid 去乙酰毛花洋地黄甙
Celery seed P.E 芹菜子提取物
Cephalomannine 三尖杉宁碱
Cepharanthine 头花千金藤碱
Cerberin 单乙酰黄夹次甙乙
Chammomile P.E 春黄菊提取物
Charantin 苦瓜素
Chast tree berry P.E 蔓荆子提取物
Chenodeoxycholic acid 鹅去氧胆酸
Chinese Angelica Extrat 当归提取物
Chlorogenic acid 绿原酸
Cholic acid 胆酸
CHONDROITIN SULFATE 硫酸软骨素
Chrysophanol 大黄酚
Chuanxiongzine 川芎嗪
Cimside A B E 升麻甙A B E
Cinchonidine 辛可尼丁
Cinchonine 辛可宁
Cinnamaldehyde 桂皮醛
Cinnamic acid 桂皮酸
Citrus seed P.E 枳实提取物
Clerodolone 赤桐酮醇
Clerodone 赤桐酮
Clerosterol 赤桐甾醇
Cleupin 橄榄苦甙
Cocaine 可卡因
Cocculine 衡州乌药灵
Coclaurine 乌药碱
Codeine 可待因
Codonopsis P.E. 党参提取物
Colchicine 秋水仙碱
Columbin 古伦宾
Common cnidium fruit P.E 蛇床子提取物
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) 共轭亚油酸
Convallatoxin 铃兰毒甙
Convallatoxol 铃兰毒醇甙
Coptisine 黄连碱
Corchoroside A 黄麻甙 A
Cordatanine 荷莲豆碱
Cordyceps P.E 虫草提取物
Coriamyrtin 马桑内酯
Coriatin 马桑亭
Coriolus Versicolor P.E. 云芝提取物
Corn silk P.E 玉米须提取物
(+)-Corydaline 紫堇碱
Corydalis P.E 延胡索提取物
Coryfolin 补骨脂甲素
Corylifolinin 补骨脂乙素
Corynoxeine 去氢钩藤碱
Crocin 番红花素
Cryptotanshinone 隐丹参酮
Cucurbitacin B 葫芦素B
Cucurbitacin E 葫芦素E
Cucurbitacin glucoside 雪胆甲素甙
Cucurbitine 南瓜子氨酸
Ar-Curcumene 芳-姜黄烯
Curcumin 姜黄素
Curcumol 莪术醇
Curdione 莪二酮
Curine 箭毒碱
Cyanotis arachnoides P.E 露水草提取物
Cyclanoline 轮环藤酚碱
Cycleanine 轮环藤碱
Cyclovirobuxine 黄杨木提取物(黄杨碱)
Cymarin 加拿大麻甙
p-Cymene 对-聚伞花素
Dahurian Rhododendron Leaf P.E 满山红提取物
Daidzein 大豆甙元
Daidzin 大豆甙
Dandelion P.E 蒲公英提取物
Daphnetin 瑞香素
Daphnin 瑞香甙
Daucosterol 胡萝卜甙
Dauricine 蝙蝠葛碱
10-Deacetyl Baccatin III 10-脱乙酰巴卡丁III
Dehydroanddrographolide 脱水穿心莲内酯
dehydrobruceine B 去氢鸦胆子苦素B
7-Dehydrologanin 7-脱氢马钱素
Dehydromorroniaglycine 脱水莫诺甙元
Dehydropodophyllotoxin 脱氢鬼臼素
Demethoxycurcumin 去甲氧基姜黄素
Deoxyharringtonine 脱氧三尖杉酯碱
Deoxyandrographolide 去氧穿心莲内酯
Deoxycholic acid 去氧胆酸
Desglucocheirotoxin 去葡萄糖桂竹香毒甙
α-Dichroine 黄常山碱甲
β-Dichroine 黄常山碱乙
γ-Dichroine 黄常山碱丙
Digitoxin 洋地黄毒甙
Digoxin 地辛高
Dihydrocucurbitacin F 双氢葫芦素F
DihydrocucurbitacinF-25-acetate 双氢葫芦素F-25-乙酸酯
Dihydromollugin 二氢大叶茜草素
Dioscin 薯蓣皂甙
Diosgenin 薯蓣皂甙元(皂素)
Divaricoside 羊角幼甙
Dl-tetrahydropalmatine 延胡索乙素
Doederleinic acid 大叶菜酸
DongQuai P.E 当归提取物
Ecdysterone 脱皮甾酮(蜕皮激素)
Echinacea Purpurea Herb P.E 紫锥菊提取物
Echinocystic acid 刺囊酸
Ecliptasaponin A 旱莲甙A
Ecliptasaponin B 旱莲甙B
Eduardine 午贝甲素
Eduardinine 午贝乙素
Eleutheroside B+E 五加甙 B+E
Ellagic 鞣花酸
Emodin 大黄素
Emodinmonomethylether 大黄素-6-甲醚
Ephedrine 麻黄碱
Ephedrine Hydrochloride 盐酸麻黄碱
Epicatechin 表儿茶精
8-Epiloganic acid 8-表番木鳖酸
Epimedium herb P.E 淫洋藿提取物
9-Ethoxy-aristolactone 乙氧基马兜铃内酯
9-Ethoxy-aristololactam 乙氧基马兜铃内酰胺
Epistephanine 表千金藤碱
Esculentoside A,B,C,D 商陆皂甙甲,乙,丙,丁
Eucalyptol 桉油精
β-Eudesmol β-桉叶醇
Eugenol 丁香酚
Euphol 大戟醇
Evening Primrose Seed Oil 月见草油
Evodiamine 吴茱萸胺
Evodine 吴茱萸苦素
Extractum Glycyrrhizae 甘草浸膏
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考研英语翻译是一项复杂而艰巨的脑力活动,涉及文化、知识、思维、表达和经验等多个层面。要做好英译汉,不是一件很容易的事。大部分考生都觉得考研英语翻译很难。根据2012全国硕士研究生统一考试英语考试大纲(一)的规定,考研英语翻译仍属于阅读理解的一部分,其命题形式是英译汉,“主要考查学生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章,并将其中5个划线部分(约150词)译成汉语,要求译文准确、完整、通顺”。翻译部分的总分值为10分(每题2分),占全部试卷的10%。因此,考研翻译部分的总体要求应该是“译文准确、完整、通顺”,这与翻译的一般标准“忠实而通顺”是基本一致的。
大纲的总体要求应该是“译文准确、完整、通顺”。 要求看似简单,但是要翻译出准确、完整、通顺的译文却绝不是容易的事。
1.前置定语
98年 71) But even more important, it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past, for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago。
结构分析:这是一个复合句. But even more important是整个句子的状语,it was the farthest是主句,that scientists had been able to look into the past是修饰the farthest的定语从句,for引导原因状语从句(参见1995年71题),在这个状语从句中,what they were seeing是主语从句,were the patterns and structures是状语从句中的系表结构,that existed…是修饰名词patterns and structures的定语从句。
译文: 但更为重要的是,这是科学家们所能观察到的最遥远的过去的景象,因为他们看到的是150亿年前宇宙云的形状和结构。
02年 64)They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements。
结构分析:这是一个复合句。主句是由两个并列的分句构成的:They are…, and they are;in which引导定语从句,修饰practices,其中is held responsible for … and given credit for …并列做定语从句的谓语,given前面省略了助动词is。
译 文: 自由和尊严(它们)是传统理论定义的自主人所拥有的,是要求一个人对自己的行为负责并因其业绩而给予肯定的必不可少的前提。
它们(自由和尊严)对于那种要求个人对自己的行为负责并因为其业绩而受到赞扬的做法来说,是必不可少的。
2.独立成句
当译成前置定语会使句子变得臃肿,妨碍理解的时候,最好让其独立成句。
94(72)"In short", a leader of the new school contends, "the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions."
新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说:“简而言之,我们所称谓的科学革命,主要是指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用,这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展的范围无所不及。”
contend坚决主张,声称[Y][+(that)]
The police contended that the difficulties they faced were too severe。
警察强调说他们面临的困难太严重了。
He left his job largely because he was homesick。.他辞职不干主要是因为他想家。
We have countless reasons against his plan。我们有举不胜举的理由反对他的计划。
96 72) This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail。
基本结构:简单句+时间状语从句(主语+谓语+宾语+同位语从句(主语the specific demands +定语从句that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment+谓语cannot generally be foreseen in detail)
基本结构试译:这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间,当时一些国家的政府得出结论:……
译 文:这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间,当时一些国家的政府得出结论:政府要向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。
注意:不要将when引导的定语从句与时间状语从句相混淆,当然也就不能when引导的定语从句翻译成“当… 时候”。When引导定语从句前面一般是表示时间的词作为先行词,如果是过去时,when译成“其时、届时”“当时”“在那个时候”,如果是将来时态,则译成“到时”“届时”,有时候还可以译成“然后”“随后”。
The Queen will visit the small town in April, when she will open the new hospital。
女王将于四月访问小镇,到时,她将主持这家新医院的开业仪式。
I expect to stay here no more than two days, when I shall return。
我预计在那儿呆两天,随后就回来。
99 71) While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past。
结构分析:这是一个复合句。While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians整个这一部分是让步状语从句,其中第一个as是程度副词,第二个as是连词,引导比较状语从句there are historians;modern practice most closely conforms to one是主谓宾结构的主句;that sees history as the attempt是修饰one的定语从句,to recreate and explain the significant events of the past是不定式短语做名词attempt的后置定语。
译文:几乎每个历史学家对史学都有自己的界定,但现代史学家的实践最趋向于认为历史学是试图重现过去的重大史实并对其做出解释。
[我们的翻译]:几乎每个历史学家对史学都有自己的界定,而现代实践最符合这样一个定义,该定义把历史看作是重现和解释过去的重要事件的尝试。
There are almost as many job opportunities as there are college graduates。
几乎每个大学毕业生都有就业机会。
01 73) Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place。
结构分析:这是一个复合句。Pearson has pieced together the work是主谓结构的主句,of hundreds of researchers是介宾短语做定语修饰名词work,around the world则是介宾短语修饰名词researchers,to produce a unique millennium technology calendar是不定式短语做结果状语,that引导定语从句修饰名词calendar,when引导定语从句修饰dates。这里的when相当于by which,因此不能翻译成“当… 时候”,而应该翻译成“通过这些日期”或者“到这些日期”(参见96年真题72)
译文:皮尔森汇集世界各地数百位研究人员的成果,编制了一个独特的新技术千年历,它列出了人们有望看到数百项重大突破和发现的最迟日期。
3.独立成句,且译出内含逻辑关系。
97 71) Actually, it isn't, because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have。
结构分析:这是一个多重复合句。Actually,是副词做状语,修饰整个句子,it isn't,是主句,在because引导的原因状语从句中,that引导宾语从句,which引导非限制性定语从句修饰名词an agreed account,而the world does not have是省略了从句引导词that的定语从句,修饰something。
译文:事实并非如此,因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为基础的,而这种共同认识并不存在。
定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。由于二者在翻译时无大差异,所以讨论时不加严格区分。定语从句的译法一般有三种:
(1)译成含“的”字结构的定语,放在先行词之前。
由于定语从句的作用相当于定语,所以这种译法是最普遍的。
(2)采用“分译法”——单独成句
当定语从句与被修饰词之间关系不很紧密,且译为前置定语过于臃肿时,应该考虑将定语从句单独成句,具体做法是将关系词处理为先行词的重复。P1-72 P8-71
(3)独立成句,且译出内含逻辑关系。
He, who has been in this school for five years, is quite familiar with the campus。
因为在学校已经待了五年,所以他对校园很熟悉。
Electronic computers, which have many advantages, cannot do creative work and replace human。
尽管电脑有很多优势,但还是不能做创造性的工作,不能代替人。
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bring有带来;促使;引起;产生等意思,那么你知道bring的过去式是什么吗?下面跟着读文网小编一起来学习bring的英语知识,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!
1. A journalist all his life, he's now brought out a book.
他当了一辈子新闻记者,如今已出了一本书。
2. Bob died of a heart attack, brought on by his lifestyle.
鲍勃死于由他的生活方式引起的心脏病突发。
3. He once again raised his baton and brought in the brass.
他再次举起指挥棒,让铜管乐部加入进来。
4. The music brought him a feeling of plenitude and freedom.
这音乐带给他一种完满和自由的感觉。
5. I was shocked, brought down to earth by this revelation.
真相的披露让我深感震惊,我被带回了现实。
6. He brought to the job not just considerable experience but passionate enthusiasm.
他不仅给这一工作带来了不少经验,而且倾注了极大的热情。
7. They brought up their children to be God-fearing Christians.
他们将孩子培养成了虔诚的基督教徒。
8. The college has brought me into contact with western ideas.
上大学使我接触了西方的思想。
9. You were probably brought up to think like that.
你可能从小就被教育那样考虑问题。
10. These issues were brought into sharp focus by the Gulf crisis.
海湾危机让这些问题备受关注。
11. He has been brought up not to swear in front of women.
他从小就被教育不要在女性面前说脏话。
12. Operating systems can be brought to a halt by a Trojan Horse.
操作系统可能会因为木马病毒的攻击而中止。
13. She enjoys the material comforts married life has brought her.
她喜欢婚姻生活带给她的物质享受。
14. June had brought with it the first of the summer warmth.
六月带来了夏日的第一缕热气。
15. His tax-cutting pledge brought a delirious crowd to their feet.
他减税的承诺让亢奋的人群欢呼雀跃起来。
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下面是小编整理的一些关于which 在定语从句中的用法, 希望能帮助大家更好地认识with这个单词,学好英语。
1. 引导限制性定语从句
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
商店应存有最畅销的货物。
This is the family which is planning to move to the party.
这是要搬进城里的一家。
2. 引导非限制性定语从句。
( 1 )用来指代一个句子。
Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen.
因特网是如此有趣,它使任何事都有可能发生。
( 2 )用来指代句子的一部分。
When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him.
他常常陷入沉思,这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。
( 3 )如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句,第二个 which 前要加 and. He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend. 他买了本鲁迅写的书,他决定送给朋友。
3. 名词+ of + which (= of which +名词= whose + 名词)通常放在先行词的后面。
I'd like a room the window of which looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room of which the window looks out over the sea. / I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 我要一间窗户面临大海的房间。
4. 介词+ which 的替代作用。
( 1 )作时间状语替代 when 。
There used to be a time at which / during which ( = when ) the Chinese people struggled for freedom. 中国人曾有一段为自由而斗争的日子。
( 2 )作地点状语替代 where 。 This is the office in which ( = where ) I used to work. 这是我过去工作过的办公室。
( 3 )作原因状语替代 why 。 I'd like you to explain the reason for which (= why ) you were absent. 我想让你解释一下缺席的原因。
( 4 )作方式状语替代 that 或省略。
There are many ways in which (= that / 省略) we can solve the problem. 解决这个问题有很多方法。
5. which, when, where 关系词的选择。 关系副词 when 与 where 用于引导定语从句时,往往修饰句中表示地点或时间的名词。但是,有时候在表示时间或地点的名词后面却不能用 when 或 where ,而该用 which 或 that 。
Is this the factory which / that produces all kinds of washing machines? ( which / that 在定语从句中作主语,指代前面的 the factory )这就是生产各种洗衣机的那家工厂吗?
I often think of the days which / that we spent together on the seaside. ( which / that 在定语从句中作宾语,指代 the days ,此时可省略。)我经常想起我们一起在海滩度过的日子。
The river where I used to swim is now seriously polluted. ( where 在定语从句中作状语, where = in which = in the river )我过去常去游泳的那条河现在已被严重地污染了。
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. ( when 在定语从句中作状语, when = on which = on the day )我仍然记得我第一次来北京的日子。 总结:在表示时间或地点的名词后面,选择何种关系词,应看它们在从句中的作用,即在从句中充当什么成份。如果在定语从句中充当时间或地点状语,就该用 when 或 where ;如果在定语从句中充当主语或宾语等,则应用 which / that 。
6. 引导非限制性定语从句关系代词 which, as 的选择。
关系代词 as 与 which 引导非限制性定语从句时可以用整个句子作为先行词,指代上文或下文所说的一件事。
He said he'd been working in the office for an hour, which / as was true.
他说他一直在办公室工作了一个小时,这是真的。#p#副标题#e#
总结:
( 1 ) Which 指前面主句所提到的这件事,常译为“这件事,这一点”等; as 具有“正如、像、由„„而知、与„„一致”的意思。
He was elected mayor of the city, which made us happy.
他被选为这个市的市长,这使我们很高兴。
As we expected, he didn't appear at the party.
正如我们所预料,他没有在聚会上出现。
( 2 ) Which 在句法上一般用作实义动词的主语,这时它所引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果关系;句法上, as 常作一些实义动词(如 see, know, report, watch, remember, say, tell, show, expert, guess 等)的宾语。
I bought my sister a big toy, which ( = and that ) delighted her greatly.
我给妹妹买了一个大玩具,这使她非常高兴。
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
众所周知,月球每个月环绕地球运行一次。
( 3 ) which 引导的非限定性定语从句位置比较固定,通常位于句末,不可移至句首;而 as 所引导的非限定性定语从句的位置比较灵活,可以位于句末,也可以位于句首或句中。
Taiwan is a beautiful island, as (= which ) we know.
正如我们所知,台湾是一个美丽的岛屿。
As (不用 Which ) he realized, I was very useful to him.
他意识到我对他很有用。
Mary, as we had expected, passed the exam.
正如我们所预料, Mary 通过了考试。
( 4 )当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或从句谓语动词接了一个复合宾语结构时,一般用 which 而不用 as 。
He pretended not to know me, which I didn't understand. 他假装不认识我,我真不明白为什么。
He admires everyone in the class, which I find quite strange. 他羡慕班里的每个学生,我觉得很奇怪。
( 5 )不能省去非限定性定语从句中的 be 动词时,用 which (反之则用 as )。
Jane told me she won the match, which was a lie.
简告诉我她赢得了比赛,这是谎话。( was 不可省略) As (was)planned, we met at the airport. 正如计划那样,我们在飞机场见面了。( was 可省略)
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以下是小编为大家列举的省略to 的动词不定式情况,希望能帮助大家更好地认识不定式,提高英语水平。
1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外,ought to):
2) 使役动词 let, have, make:
3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。
注意:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
I saw him dance.
=He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole night.
=They were made to work the whole night.
4) would rather,had better:
5) Why… / why not…:
6) help 可带to,也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth:
7) but和except:but前是动词do时,后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。
8) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去:
9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后,可以省去to be:
He is supposed (to be) nice.他应该是个好人。
举例:
He wants to do nothing but go out.
He wants to move to France and marry the girl.
比较: He wants to do nothing but go out.
He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.
典型例题
1) ---- I usually go there by train.
---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?
A. to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going
答案:D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式,因此选D。
2) Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
答案:B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式,当其用于被动时,to 不可省略。
省略to 的动词不定式情况举例相关文章推荐:
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