为您找到与作者相关的共5个结果:
作者:王跃,南开大学88级国际经济系的学生,在近三年的大学英语学习中获得了令人瞩目的成果。1990年 6月全国四级统考中获得满分100分,此后不久的TOEFL考试获663分的优异成绩,紧接着参加了GRE考试,获得2280分,在亚洲地区名列前茅,1991年1月参加全国英语六级统考,她是全国68573名考生中唯一获得满分100分的学生。
常有人问我:学英语有什么诀窍?说老实话,要想掌握一种语言,在缺乏必要的语言环境的条件下,实在没有什么捷径可走。概括起来,只有四个字:下苦功夫。我这绝对不是随便说说漂亮话而已。凭我这几年学习英语的体会,只有日积月累,通过量变,才有可能实现质的飞跃。记得曾经有一段时间,在下了一番苦功夫之后,我仍感到自己的英语水平提高的太慢,于是就故意放松了几天。谁知等到再从新开始学习时,才明显的感觉到自己退步了许多。从那以后,我就给自己制定了这样一条座右铭:"拳不离手,曲不离口",持之以恒。
学好英语,兴趣很重要。正如爱因斯坦所说"兴趣是最好的老师"。学习英语的兴趣大大激发了我的求知欲。有人说,英语水平高是将来找到理想的工作甚至出国的资本。这固然不错,但除此之外,我更觉得,英语是一扇窗口,他向我们展示的是一片广阔的天地,一派新奇的景象。当我能够用英语同外国朋友交流,了解国外的社会、历史、科学和文化,并取得第一手资料时,我才真正的领悟了掌握一种语言的妙处。
学好英语,一套科学的学习方法是必不可少的。由于个人实际情况不同,生搬硬套是行不通的。但我相信:只要仔细体会,逐渐摸索,人人都可以创造出一套有特色并且行之有效的学习方法。在这里,我想同大家谈谈我在学习英语过程中的一些体会,以供参考。尽管在中学时我的英语基础不错,但刚跨入大学校门的时候,我还是深深地感到了自己的差距。要具备一定的听、说、读、写能力,首先要掌握五千到八千词汇。而作为一个高中毕业生,我当时的词汇量真是少得可怜。于是,我决定把迅速扩大词汇量作为主要突破口。有的同学喜欢背大部头的词汇手册,而我觉得这样做,既枯燥,又不利于灵活运用。我于是就把着眼点放到了阅读上,词汇与阅读齐头并进,产生了事半功倍的效果。为了迅速扩大词汇量我从一开始就选择一些当时对我们来说难度偏大的阅读材料。上千字的文章,通常会有二、三十个生词。这些文章涉及的范围很广,包括了多个领域的词汇。
我通常采取"两遍阅读法",即第一遍着重训练阅读能力,第二遍着重扩大词汇量并培养语感。起初进行阅读训练时,我参考了《Active Readers》这本书。首先从提高阅读速度入手。集中精力阅读一篇长度适中的文章,记下起止时间,并计算单位时间的阅读量。迫使自己进行快速阅读,便成了我的习惯。在第一遍阅读过程中,我将重点放在训练速度,掌握文章大意及基本结构上,并找出问题,以便进一步阅读时着重解决。第二遍阅读的重点有两个:一是扩大词汇量。具体做法是:把文章再过一遍,查出生单词,记到小笔记本上,有时间就拿出来背。背单词,我从不利用整时间。当学习别的内容效率较低的时候,对我来说,背单词最合适。每次背的时间不一定很长,贵在多次反复。当时我使用的是英汉词典,因为我觉得英文解释不便于记忆。而在扩大词汇量的初期阶段了解词的释意最为重要。就这样,随着阅读量的增加,面的扩宽,我的词汇量也就突飞猛进了。只是到了后来准备TOEFL、GRE等考试时,我才开始背词汇手册,并使用英文解释,以了解词的确切含义及使用的语言环境。
第二遍阅读的第二个重点在于培养语感。仔细地体会精彩的语言,留意词的使用以及搭配,对某些段落我常出声朗读,甚至背诵下来。这样做,有利于加强语感;为写作打基础。通过这种两遍阅读法,所读内容在我头脑中留下的印象一般都很深刻,而且也提高了阅读材料的利用率。我十分重视阅读材料的选择。不单从兴趣出发,相反,有意识地读一些自己不甚了解、甚至不大感兴趣的科普、历史、哲学等方面的文章。另外,针对不同的训练目的,我还选取了内容难度不同的阅读材料。例如,进行快速阅读时,可以选择生词量较小、篇幅较短的文章;而重点在扩大词汇量、拓宽视野的阅读训练,就选择英美报刊杂志。此外,我还注重循序渐进,根据不同阶段自己英语水平的变化选择相应的阅读材料。在听、说、读、写四个方面,我从"读"中受益无穷。通过有意识的大量阅读、一方面扩大了词汇量,另一方面培养了语感。而这两方面我认为是掌握一种语言的两大支柱。至于听、说、写三个环节,我其实并没有经过什么特殊的训练。读的东西多了,词汇量足够大,语感足够强,只要多加练习,这三方面的能力也就自然而然的提高了。
在听、说方面,英文广播以及原版电影都是极好的传播媒介。另外,利用一切可能的机会同外国朋友交谈,并着力模仿,都颇有成效。至于写作,在阅读量还不足的初始阶段,我并不急于自己动笔写,而是学习、模仿一些经典篇章。《新概念英语》第三册,还有精读课本中的一些精彩篇章,我都背过,并常利用早晨的时间大声朗读,或者收听广播。这样一来,耳朵里听到、眼睛里看到了地道的英语,久而久之,自己也就学会说、学会写了。有人问我:怎样才能在各种英语测试中取得高分。实际上,我并没有什么专门的应试对策。在听、说,读、写能力逐步提高的基础上,只要稍微做一些模拟试题,了解各种测试特点,成绩就自然不会坏。我认为,与其到考试前夕,搞题海战术,倒还不如踏踏实实、一点一滴的积累。在我看来,学好英语的"诀窍"无非是苦干加巧干。因为我深信:功到自然成。
四六级双满分作者谈学英语的诀窍 相关
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摘录:每个工人对自己干多少活都是高度敏感的。当他感到希望他做的事过多时,就会采取某些措施。这种天性与每个现代工人所懂得的工作本身的政治特性有关。老板希望从工人身上得到的比他们给予的要多;工人付出劳动,老板付出报酬。这个交换从来不会太平等,此差异叫做利润。由于老板不能没有利润,工人们就占了上风。
How can someone, hour after hour, day after day, year in and year out, tighten approximately the same nut to the same boltand not go mad? That most working people do not, in fact, going mad is due in large measure to a phenomenon so common that it is found wherever people labor in industry: taking it easy. It would take some kind of real mental case to do all the work one could all day long. No one expects it. Taking it easy on the job while someone else covers your work, or "working on and off," as it is usually called in America, is an established part of the working life.
一个人怎么能时复一时,年复一年地把几乎相同的螺帽拧到相同的螺栓上而不发疯的呢?事实上,多数劳动者并不发疯多半是由于"不紧不慢"的现象很平常,在企业中只要有人工作的地方随处可见这种现象。一个人恐怕要有某种真正的精神病才能一整天竭尽全力地干活。没人希望这样。在别人帮你干活时,你就不紧不慢地干,也就是像美国人常说的那种"干干停停"是工作生涯的一个既定部分。
Working on and off, however, has its limits. The rules are infinitely varied, subtle, and flexible, and, of course, they are always changing. Management, up to a certain level at least, is aware of the practice, and in some industries employs entire cadres of people to curtail
or put an end to it. Simultaneously, the workers are subtly doing their best to keep it going and to extend it wherever possible.
然而,干干停停有它的局限性。这些惯例的变化无休无止,很微妙、很有弹性。当然,它们总在变。至少在一定程度上管理部门知道这种做法。一些企业雇佣干部以减少或结束这种做法。同时,工人们巧妙地、尽全力使之继续下去并使之触及到可能的任何地方。
Every worker has a highly developed sense of how much work is expected of him. When he feels that the expectation is excessive, he tries to do something about it. This instinct has to do with the political nature of work itself, something every modern worker understands. The bosses want more from the worker than they are willing to give in return. The workers give work, and the bosses give money. The exchange is never quite equal, and the discrepancyis called profit. Since the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge. A good worker in a key spot could, so long as he kept up production, take all the coffee breaks he wanted, and the bosses would very likely look the other way. He could also choose to cut down on the coffee breaks, apply himself, and increase production, and then ask for and get more money. But that would be self-defeating, and he knows it. It would also place him in competition with other workers, which would be playing into the bosses' hands. What he would rather do is create some slack for himself and enjoy his job more.
每个工人对自己干多少活都是高度敏感的。当他感到希望他做的事过多时,就会采取某些措施。这种天性与每个现代工人所懂得的工作本身的政治特性有关。老板希望从工人身上得到的比他们给予的要多;工人付出劳动,老板付出报酬。这个交换从来不会太平等,此差异叫做利润。由于老板不能没有利润,工人们就占了上风。一个在关键岗位的好工人,只要他保持产量不降低,可以随心所欲地利用工间休息,而老板可能装作没看见。工人也可以缩短工间休息,卖力干活,增加生产,然后要求并得到更多的钱。但他知道那是违背自己利益的,这样做也会将自己置于与他人竞争之中,这种竞争会有利于老板。那么,他宁愿为自己创造一些空闲,更好的享受工作。
At present on the West Coast, when a gang of longshoremen
working on cargo start a shift, they often divide themselves into two equal groups and toss a coin. One group goes into the far reaches of the ship's hold and sits around. The other group starts loading
cargo, usually working with a vengeance, since each one of them is doing the work of two men. An hour later, the groups change places. In other words, although my fellow longshoremen and I are getting paid for eight hours, on occasion we work only four. If someone reading this feels a sense of moral outrage
because we are sitting down on the job, I am sorry. I have searched my mind in vain for a polite way to tell that reader to go to hell.
目前在西海岸,从事船货装卸工作的一伙码头装卸工开始轮班时,经常分成两组,然后掷硬币决定先后顺序。一组走到船舱深处分散坐下。另一组开始装货,通常干得卖力,因为他们每人干着两人的活,一小时以后两组交位置换。换句话说,虽然我和工友们获得八小时的报酬,有时却只干四小时。如果有人读到此,为我们怠工而愤慨的话,我很抱歉。我白费心机的绞尽脑汁想找到一个礼貌的说法,但现在要告诉这位读者,让他见鬼去吧。
If you are that reader, I would recommend that you abandon your outrage
and begin thinking about doing something similar for yourself. You probably already have, even if you won't admit it. White collar office workers, too, have come under criticism recently for robbing their bosses of their full-time services. Too much times is being spent around the Mr. Coffee machine, and some people (would you believe it?) have even been having personal conversations on company time. In fact, one office-system expert recently said that he had yet to encounter a business work place that was functioning at more than about 60 percent efficiency.
如果你是那个读者,我会劝你不要愤慨,开始为自己考虑一下类似的事情。即便你不承认,你可能已经想过了。近来,白领职员也由于不为老板全天服务而受到批评。在电煮咖啡机旁花了太多的时间。一些人甚至在工业时间进行私人交谈。事实上,一个办公制度专家近来说,他还没有遇到工作效率高于60%的商业网点。
Management often struggles hard to set up a situation where work is done in series: a worker receives an article of manufacture, does something to it, and passes it on to another worker, who does something else to it and then passes it on to the next guy, and so on. The assembly line
is a perfect example of this. Managers like this type of manufacture because it is more efficient - that is, it achieves more production. They also like it for another reason, even if they will not admit it: it makes it very difficult for the worker to do anything other than work.
管理部门经常努力创建一条龙式的工作:一个人接到产品后为之做些什么,把它传给另外一个工人,这个工人再做些什么,然后传给下一个工人,如此类推。装配线就是一个极好的例子。经理喜欢这种生产方式,因为它效率更高,也就是说能生产出更多的产品来。尽管老板不会承认,但还有另一个喜欢这种方式的原因,它使工人很难做工作以外的其他事情。
Frederick W. Taylor, the efficiency expert who early in this century conducted the time-and-motion studies that led to the assembly-line process, tried to reduce workers to robots, all in the name of greater production. His staff of experts, each armed with clipboard and stopwatch, studied individual workers with a view toward eliminating unnecessary movement. They soon found a great deal of opposition from the workers.
弗雷德里克·W·泰勒,是本世纪初进行时间和运动研究的效率专家,这种研究产生了装配线工序。他试图把工人变成机器人,只是为了更大的产量。他的专家组每人配有带弹簧夹子的书写板和秒表用来研究每个工人,使他们不能偷懒。很快他们发现工人们特别反对这种做法。
Most people not directly engaged in daily work express disapproval when they hear of people working on and off. A studied campaign with carefully chosen language - "a full day's work for a full day's pay," "taking a free ride" - has been pushed by certain employers to discredit the practice, and their success is such that I rarely discuss it except with other workers. My response is personal, and I feel no need to defend it: If I am getting a free ride, how come I am so tired when I go home at the end of a shift?
大多数不直接从事日常工作的人听到人们"干干停停"地工作时,会表示不赞同。一些雇主推行了一场预先计划的运动,和"全天工作付全天报酬""只拿钱不干活"这些精心选择的语言来诋毁这种做法。除了同其他工人,我很少谈起他们的成功。我的回答是个人观点,我感到没必要为之辩护:拿钱不干活,我下班回家后怎么会那么累呢?
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GRE阅读答题技巧:阅读如何领会作者的态度
要想真正把握GRE(课程)阅读,大家在阅读的时候就要领会好作者的态度。
1.社会现象.作者反对将社会现象拔高到阶级、政治、意识形态或超人性的高度,反对各种左派思想、革命主张和马克思主义。
2.文学评论作者一贯反对从政治或意识形态角度去解释文学现象或评价相应观点,作者赞同从纯文学标准进行解释或评价。
3.对于新材料、新发现、新发明。作者的态度以支持的正评价为主,有时会提到缺陷,但不影响主态度。
4.生命科学,作者一贯反对Darwin及其进化论,包括趋同进化观点。
5.对如下题材作者与我们持有相同的倾向。
温室效应(二氧化碳数量)。
臭氧层问题。
供水问题(淡水资源缺乏)、城市污染、沙漠化侵袭——环境类问题。
6.关于弱势人群或其他
有妇女题材、黑人题材、黑人妇女题材、少数民族题材等。有三种态度作者一贯反对:
1.仇视。
2.认为上述问题不重要,不值得研究。
3.认为上述问题已经完全解决。
4.作者态度:关注并盼望有方案给出。
5.喜新厌旧.过去的、传统的、大家一致接受的,作者至少不会给正评价。
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一般指文学、艺术和科学作品的创作者,有时也指某种理论的创始人,或某一事件的组织者或策划者。那么你知道作者用英语怎么说吗?下面跟着读文网小编一起来学习一下吧。
1. He crossed out "Screenplay" and put "Written by" instead.
他划掉了“编剧”二字,改为“作者”。
2. Authors are famously ignorant about the realities of publishing.
作者们不了解出版界的实际情况,这是人所共知的。
3. She's indexed the book by author, by age, and by illustrator.
她根据作者、年龄和插图画家分别为该书编了索引。
4. The writer must have cranked it out in his lunch-hour.
作者一定是在午饭时间把它赶出来的。
5. The author distanced himself from some of the comments in his book.
作者使自己书中的某些评论不带个人色彩。
6. The sheer quantity of detail would bemuse even the most clear-headed author.
光是这么多的细节就会让哪怕是头脑最清醒的作者感到困惑。
7. What is refreshing is the author's easy, conversational style.
让人耳目一新的是作者轻松自如的会话式写作风格。
8. A second book has already been commissioned and is two-thirds finished.
已经委托作者撰写第二本书,现在完成了2/3。
9. The writer builds up a clever contextual picture of upper class life.
作者巧妙地构筑了一幅上流社会生活的背景图画。
10. There are times when the book suffers from excessive authorial control.
该书曾几次受到作者过多的制约。
11. Pirandello titled his play "Six Characters in Search of an Author"
皮兰德娄把他的戏剧命名为《六个寻找作者的剧中人》。
12. The authors demanded excision of foreign words.
作者们要求删除外国文字。
13. The author doesn't equate liberalism and conservatism.
该作者没有将自由主义和保守主义相提并论。
14. Different writers will prepare to varying degrees.
不同作者的准备程度也会各不相同。
15. Its authorship has been disputed.
谁是作者尚无定论。
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名言警句富含着人生的哲理,是指导人生走向成功之路的法宝,时刻激励人生取得进步。下面读文网小编为大家带来英语名言警句摘抄带作者,希望大家喜欢。
1、忠诚的爱情充溢在我的心里,我无法估计自己享有的财富。——莎士比亚
Loyal in my heart filled with love, I can't estimate their enjoy the wealth.
2、每一种挫折或不利的突变,是带着同样或较大的有利的种子。——爱默生
Each setback or detrimental mutations, is with the same or greater beneficial seeds.
3、人生成功的秘诀是,当机会来到时,立刻抓住它。——班杰明·戴瑞斯李
Life is the secret of success is, when chance came, grab it at once.
4、在一个人民的国家中还要有一种推动的枢纽,这就是美德。——孟德斯鸠
In a country where people have a kind of drive hub, it is virtue.
5、人生的努力,总向光明的方面走,这是人类向上的自然动机。——李大钊
Life, always exciting way, this is the natural human up motivation.
6、最先朝气蓬勃地投入新生活的人,他们的命运是令人羡慕的。——马克思
The first focused on the new life and vigor their fate is enviable.
7、取得成就时坚持不懈,要比遭到失败时顽强不屈更重要。——拉罗什夫科
Achievement persistence, fortitude is more important than when failure.
8、书不仅是生活,而且是现在、过去和未来文化生活的源泉。——库法耶夫
Book is not only the life, and it is now, in the past, and the source of cultural life in the future.
9、承担风险,无可指责,但同时记住千万不能孤注一掷!——乔治。索罗斯
Take a risk, blameless, but at the same time, remember don't put all your eggs in one basket!
10、只有驱遣人以高尚的方式相爱的那种爱神才美丽,才值得颂扬。——柏拉图
Only way but a person with lofty love of that kind of love is beautiful, worthy of praise.
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