为您找到与主谓一致的用法归纳相关的共200个结果:
在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。如:His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如:What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.
2. 由连接词and或both …… and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。如:Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers.
注意:(1)若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如:The writer and artist has come. (2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。如:Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it.
3. 主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。如:Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall.
4. either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。如:Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.
注意:(1)在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。如:Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. (2)若none of后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如:None of us has (have) been to America.
5. 在定语从句时,关系代词that, who, which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如:He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.
6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如:Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.
注意:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:The police are looking for the lost child.
7. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls.
注意:a number of“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of“……的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数。
8. 在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:There comes the bus. / On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts.
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下面是小编整理的一些关于rather than 用法归纳, 希望让大家更好地认识rather than 这个词组,提高英语水平。
rather than 是一个并列连词,用法比较复杂,现归纳如下:
(1) 连接两个名词或代词
He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员,不如说他是一个探险者。
You rather than I are going to go camping. 是你而不是我要去要野营。
注意:rather than 连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与rather than 前面的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。
(2) 连接两个形容词
The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
(3) 连接两个介词(短语)或动名词
We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我们是在教室里开会,不是在大厅里。
She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜欢唱歌,而不喜欢跳舞。
(4) 连接两个分句
We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我们应该帮助他而不是他应该帮助我们。
(5) 连接两个不定式
I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我决定写信而不打电话。
注意:rather than 后接不定式时,不定式可以带to,也可以不带to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首时,则只能接不带to 的不定式。如:Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜烂掉,把它们以半价卖掉了。
(6) 连接两个动词
He ran rather than walked. 他是跑来的,而不是走来的。
注意:这里rather than 后用了walked,而没有用walk,表示客观事实,而不是主观愿望。如果换成walk,则作“宁愿……而不愿 ……”解。
would rather的用法
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下面是小编整理的一些关于介词for用法的总结, 希望能帮助大家更好地认识for这个单词,提高英语水平。
用法1:(表目的)为,为了:
They went out for a walk.
他们出去散步了。
What did you do that for?
你干吗这样做?
That’s what we’re here for.
这正是我们来的目的。
What’s she gone for this time?
她这次去干什么去了?
He was waiting for the bus.
他在等公共汽车。
(1) 有些后接双宾语的动词(如 buy, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, order, prepare, sing, spare 等),当双宾语易位时,通常用 for 来引出间接宾语,表示间接宾语为受益者。如:
She made her daughter a dress. / She made a dress for her daughter.
她为她女儿做了件连衣裙。
He cooked us some potatoes. / He cooked some potatoes for us.
他为我们煮了些土豆。
注意,类似下面这样的句子必须用 for:
He bought a new chair for the office.
他为办公室买了张新办公椅。
(2) 注意不要按汉语字面意思,在一些及物动词后误加介词 for:
他们决定在电视上为他们的新产品打广告。
误:They decided to advertise for their new product on TV.
正:They decided to advertise their new product on TV.
注:advertise 可用作及物或不及物动词,但含义不同:
advertise sth=为卖出某物而打广告;
advertise for sth=为寻找某物而打广告。
如:advertise for a job=登广告求职。由于受汉语“为”的影响,而此处误加了介词 for。
类似地,汉语中的“为人民服务”,说成英语是 serve the people,而不是 serve for the people,“为某人的死报仇”,说成英语是 avenge sb’s death,而不是 avenge for sb’s death,等等。#p#副标题#e#
用法3:(表用途)用于,用来。如:
Knives are used for cutting things.
小刀是用来切东西的。
This knife is for cutting bread.
这把小刀是用于切面包的。
It’s a machine for slicing bread.
这是切面包的机器。
The doctor gave her some medicine for her cold.
医生给了她一些感冒药。
用法4:为得到,为拿到,为取得。如:
He went home for his book.
他回家拿书。
He went to his friend for advice.
他去向朋友请教。
She often asked her parents for money.
她经常向父母要钱。
We all hope for success.
我们都盼望成功。
Are you coming in for some tea?
你要不要进来喝点茶?
用法5:给(某人),供(某人)用。如:
That’s for you.
这是给你的。
Here is a letter for you.
这是你的信。
Have you room for me there?
你那边能给我腾出点地方吗?
用法6:(表原因、理由)因为,由于。如:#p#副标题#e#
I am sorry for it.
对不起。
Thank you for coming to see me.
谢谢你来看我。
You can’t see the wood for the trees.
你只见树木,不见森林。
He is famous for his poems.
他因为他的诗出名。
He was sent to prison for robbery.
他因为抢劫而坐牢。
I couldn’t speak for laughing.
我笑得说不出话来。
He couldn’t sleep for joy.
他高兴得不能入睡。
For several reasons, I’d rather not meet her.
由于种种原因,我宁愿不见她。
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主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致,主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致,语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致,意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致,就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。以下是小编为大家整理的主谓一致的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识主谓一致这个句型,提高英语水平。
英语句子中,主语的“人称”和“数”要限制、决定谓语动词的形式变化,这就叫“主谓一致”关系。它通常依据三项原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
A wise man and a fool together know more than a wise man alone.
一个聪明人和一个傻子在一起,要比单独一个聪明人知道的要多。
涉及群体名词,就具体分析。
The best fish smell when they are three days old.
再好的鱼三天也要变臭。
靠近原则。
There are tricks in every trade.
各行有各行的窍门。
There is a road from heart to heart.
两心之间有通道。
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以下是小编为大家整理的比较级形容词或副词 + than用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识比较级句型,提高英语水平。
You are taller than I.
They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.
注意:
1)要避免重复使用比较级。
(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.
(对) He is more clever than his brother.
(对) He is clever than his brother.
2)要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.
(对) China is larger than any other countries in Asia.
3)要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
4)要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词。
比较:Which is large, Canada or Australia?
Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.
She is the taller of the two sisters.
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以下是小编为大家整理的系动词的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识系动词,提高英语水平。
系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
说明:
有些系动词又是实义动词,该动词表达实义时,有词义,可单独作谓语,例如:
He fell ill yesterday.
他从梯子上摔下来。fell是实义动词,单独作谓语。
他昨天病了。(fell是系动词,后跟补足语,说明主语情况。)
He fell off the ladder.
感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如:
This kind of cloth feels very soft.
这种布手感很软。
This flower smells very sweet.
这朵花闻起来很香。
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动名词是动词ing形式的一种,兼有动词 和名词特征的非限定动词 。它可以支配宾语,也能被副词 修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。以下是小编为大家整理的动名词用法的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识动名词用法,提高英语水平。
1 动名词作主语、宾语和表语
a. 动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V. + doing sth
admit 承认appreciate 感激,赞赏avoid 避免
complete 完成 consider 认为 delay 耽误 deny 否认 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受enjoy 喜欢escape 逃脱 prevent阻止
fancy 想象finish 完成 imagine 想象 mind 介意 miss 想念 postpone 推迟 practise 训练 recall 回忆 resent 讨厌resist 抵抗 resume 继续 risk 冒险
suggest 建议face 面对 include 包括stand 忍受understand 理解 forgive 宽恕 keep 继续
举例
(1)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.
(2)Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?
b. 词组后接doing
admit to prefer…tobe used to lead todevote oneself to object tostick to busylook forward to(to为介词)
no good,no use,It's worth…, as well as,
can't help,It's no use /good be tired of
be fond of be capable of be afraid of
be proud of think of / about hold off
set about be successful in good attake up
put off keep on insist oncount on / upon
give upburst outprevent … from…
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以下是小编为大家整理的分词的用法的用法总结,希望能帮助大家更好地认识分词,提高英语水平。
分词作定语
分词前置
We can see the rising sun. 我们可以看到东升的旭日
He is a retired worker. 他是位退休的工人
分词后置 (i分词词组;ii 个别分词如given, left; iii 修饰不定代词 something等)
There was a girl sitting there.有个女孩坐在那里
There is nothing interesting. 没有有趣的东西
This is the question given. 这是所给的问题
过去分词作定语
与其修饰的词是被动关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。
Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.
Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa.
典型例题
1)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speakingB. spoken C. be spokenD. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
2) The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written
答案D. 书与写作是被动关系,应用过去分词做定语表被动,相当于定语从句 which is written
2)What's the language ____ in Germany?
A. speakingB. spoken C. be spokenD. to speak
答案B. 主语language与谓语动词之间有被动的含义。
spoken是动词speak的过去分词形式,在句中作定语,修饰主语language, spoken 与 language有被动关系。该句可以理解为:
What's the language (which is) spoken in German?
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以下是小编为大家整理的cause的用法,希望能帮助大家更好地掌握cause的用法,提高英语水平。
(1) cause表示“原因”时,是可数名词。
例句:They pegged it as the cause of failure.
他们认为这就是失败的原因。
(2) cause表示“理由”时,是不可数名词。
例句:She had just cause for anger. 她有正当的理由生气。
(3) cause表示“事业”或者“奋斗目标”时,是可数名词。
例句:He would immolate himself for their noble cause.
他愿意为他们的崇高事业牺牲自己。
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cause的用法总结相关
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afraid是一个英文单词,形容词,翻译为“害怕的;恐怕;担心的”。那么你知道关于afraid这个单词更多的知识吗?下面小编整理了afraid的用法归纳总结_afraid的用法和例句,供大家参考。
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以下是小编为大家整理的主谓一致的用法,希望能帮助大家更好的运用主谓一致这个句型结构。
主谓一致通常遵循三条原则:语法一致、意义一致和邻近一致
1、语法一致原则,即按主语的语法形式(单复数)确定谓语的形式。单三主语,对中国学生来讲,在学习和使用英语的过程中,主谓一致的难点是如何正确识别主语的单三,单三作主语范围广,有些情况还比较复杂,因此在人称和数的考察中,单三作主语要求主谓一致就成了命题的重点。主语为单三的情况归纳为:。
⑴当单数名词充当的主语被修饰词或短语与谓语分开时,谓语用单数形式(即单三名词出现在句首,后面紧跟with…,together with…,along with…,accompanied by,like…,except…,but…,no less than…,等短语)
eg. The actress, along with her manager and some friends, is going to a party tonight.
Mary, accompanied by her brother, was warmly welcomed by the audience.
⑵含every,no,some,any的复合代词,如:everyone,nobody,something,anything等后的动词应是单数。
eg. Everybody has expressed his/their determination.
⑶(every,each,no,any,another,many a,more than one)+单数名词作主语,谓语应为单数。
eg. Many a student is……
No problem is harder to solve than this one.
⑷代词either,neither,one作主语,总是单三。
eg. If either of you takes a vacation now, we’ll not be able to finish the work.
⑸由动名词、不定式及其短语,名词性从句和其它短语作主语时,谓语都用单数形式。
eg. Writing many letters makes her happy.
What interests them most is better pay and working conditions.
Early to bed and early to rise is a proverb.
⑹much,little,a little,only a little,quite a little,much more,a great deal of,an amount of,a quantity of 等词语只能修饰不可数名词,全是单三;而a lot of ,lots of,plenty of 等词语既可修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。当修饰不可数名词时,应列入单三。
⑺由and或是both…and 连接的两个(或以上)的成分做主语时,谓语要用复数形式。
eg. Spring and autumn are lovely seasons in the year.
*有的主语虽有and 连接,但仅指一件事或一个人,and后面的那个名词前,没有冠词,谓语应该用单数。
eg. The bread and butter is served for breakfast.
My best friend and adviser has changed his mind again.
*用and连接的单数主语前面有each,every,many a,no等修饰时,谓语用单数。
eg. Many a boy and many a girl has seen it.
No sound and no voice is heard for a long while.
2、意义一致原则,即按意义而不按形式来确定主语的单复数以及谓语动词的单复数。
⑴表示时间、重量、长度、价值等数目、计量的名词词组作整体看待时,谓语用单数。
eg. Five pounds does not buy as much as it used to.
⑵集体/合名词,如congress,family,group,class,committee,organization,team,army,club,crowd,government,public,staff,audience,crew等,用作单数还是复数,需视具体情况而定,党只得是整体而不侧重个体时,谓语用单数。
eg. The whole family is going to move to another city.
Our team is sure to win the game.
⑶以-s结尾的单数意义的名词,以-ics结尾的学科名词作主语时,谓语用单数。如:news,politics,physics,otics,mumps(腮腺炎),measles(麻疹),the United States等。
eg. The New York Times is being published here.
以上均为形式上是复数而意义上为单数。
⑷有些名词形式上是单数,而意义上是复数,这类词作主语时,谓语总用复数。如:people,crew,folk,police,cattle,poultry(家禽)等。
eg. Our poultry are kept in the garden.
The crew abandoned the ship after a hard struggle.
3、邻近一致原则:即要求动词与最近的并列成分保持的一致。
⑴用并列连词or,either…or,neither…nor…,not only…but also…连接的两个名/代词作主语时,谓语的单复数要与邻近它的主语一致。
eg. Not only you but also I am to blame.
Neither the students nor the teacher is going to the class today.
He or you have taken my pen by mistake.
而as well as连接的两部分词语作主语,情况正相反。
eg. He, as well as I, ___a football fan. is/ am/ are/ were
⑵以all,most,more,any,none,half,the rest,the remainder等不定代词作主语时,多用作复数,但也可用作单数,其谓语动词的形式既可采用意义一致原则,也可采用邻近一致原则。All(most,some,any)0f…作主语时,谓语动词的数取决与of后面的名词。
eg. All of the fruit looks ripe.
All of the cherries are red.
Some of the mike is spilt.
Some have finished eating.
All is here.
All are present.
None of these materials are conductor. are/ is/ has/ was
None of them is a good singer. are/ is/ were/ was
⑶百分数、分数+of…短语,或some of…,all of…, most of…,half of…,the rest(of…),a proportion of…等词语作主语,关键在于of后的名词是单数还是复数,或根据上下文判定它们所指代的名词是单复数。
eg. More than 70 percent of the surface is covered with water.
More than 70 percent of the students live on campus.
Some of the machinery needs to be repaired.
Some of the machines need to be repaired.
4、量词后的谓语,见下表:
a great deal of
+N不可数 → +V单
a large amount of
N不可数→ +V 单
a large quantity of +
N复+ V复
a number of +N复→+V复
the number of +N复→+V单
a (the, this)pair of +N复→V单
many a +N单→+V单
more than one +N单→+V单
a variety of +N复或N不可数→+V复或单
a series of +N复→+V单
a portion of +N单(复)→+V单
a kind (type, form)of +N单(复)→+V单
one third of +N→V单
two thirds of +N复→V复
the/ a majority 和the/ a minority作主语时,谓语动词单复皆可。但托福考试要求用单数。
毗邻一致,即由either…or,neither…nor,not only…but also连接的名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数要求和邻近的主语一致。定语从句与名词性从句
主谓一致专项练习
中考英语复习:主谓一致
主谓一致讲与练
高考英语主谓一致考点
关键字:主谓一致
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以下是小编为大家整理的put on , wear, dress,in英语单词的用法归纳,希望能帮助大家提高英语水平。
“穿戴”动作put on, 状态wear 已穿上。
穿鞋袜,着服装,眼镜、手套、帽戴上。
wear 用法还要广, 戴表、首饰、花、徽章。
dress接人做宾语, in 后颜色或衣裳。
根据句意,用put on , wear, dress,in的适当形式填空,使句子完整、通顺。
1. He often_______a pair of sunglasses.
2. Who is the boy_______a blue shirt?
3. It is so cold outside._______your warm coat when you go out.
4. He could_______himself when he was five years old.
5.Look! Lucy is_______a red skirt and a pair of pink shoes.
Keys:
1. wears 2. in 3. Put on 4. dress 5. wearing
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put on , wear, dress,in的用法相关
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介词without的用法比较多样,下面读文网小编为大家归纳相关的用法:
without后接复合宾语的常用结构如下:
1.without+宾语+介词短语
We'd be better off without them as neighbors.要是没有这些邻居,我们就过得更愉快了.
I don't like sweet coffee; I like it better without sugar in it.我不喜欢加糖的咖啡,里边不加糖我更喜欢.
2.without+宾语+副词
I'd be lost without you here.没有你在这儿,我会一筹莫展.
I'm very near-sighted without my glasses on.我要是不戴眼镜十分近视.
3.without+宾语+动名词
Without anyone noticing,he slipped through the window.无人注意,他从窗户溜了出去.
They debated for hours without a decision being taken.他们争论了几个小时,也没作出决定.
4.without+宾语+过去分词
Without another word exchanged,they started off.没有再交谈一句,他们就出发了.
5.without+宾语+不定式
Without anyone to help,how can we go on?没有人帮忙,我们怎么能进行下去?
It was boring to sit there without anything to do.无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了.
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以下读文网小编给大家带来once的用法总结,希望能对大家有所帮助:
1. once用作副词时,意为“曾经;一度;从前”.它是一个不确定的时间副词,其位置一般是在行为动词之前,系动词之后.
如:
Once he lived in America, but now he lives in England.
他曾经生活在美国,但现在他生活在英国.
2. once用作副词,也可意为“一次”的意思.两次是“twice”,三次是“three times”,四次是“four times”.
The old professor comes to see us once a week.
那个老教授一周来看我们一次.
3. 注意once用作副词时,在句中的位置不同表示的意思也不同,所以要特别注意.
如:
I once went to Shanghai. 我曾经去过上海.
I went to Shanghai once. 我去过上海一次.
4. once用作连词时,意为“一旦……就……”,用于连接时间状语从句,相当于as soon as.
如:
Once you start, you will never give up.
一旦你开始了,你就不要放弃.
5. once构成的一些短语的用法:
(1)once in a while(偶尔;间或)
We went to see our English teacher once in a while.
我们偶尔去看我们的英语老师.
(2)once again(再一次;又一次),相当于once more.
Read the passage once more. 把课文再读一遍.
(3)at once(立刻;马上)
Finish the task at once. 请立刻完成任务.
(4)once upon a time(很早以前;从前)
Once upon a time there was an old man named John Hill.
从前有一个名叫约翰.希尔的老人.
(5)all at once(突然),相当于suddenly.
All at once, they rushed out altogether.
突然,他们都一起冲出去了.
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以下是读文网小编整理的一些有关appear的用法,希望大家喜欢:
vi.
1.出现;显露
Gradually a smile appeared on her face.
她脸上渐渐地露出笑容.
2.演出;陈列;露面[Q]
The famous singer is appearing this fall at the Music Festival.
这位著名的歌手将在今秋的音乐节上演出.
3.出庭,到案[Q]
She will appear in court next Friday.
下星期五她将出庭.
4.似乎,看来好像[L][W][+to-v][+(that)]
He appeared to be talking to himself.
他似乎在自言自语.
It appears they are right.
看来他们是对的.
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在英语学习中,Each的用法比较重要,也是考试中常考的考点,下面读文网小编为同学们归纳一下它的用法:
1.They each put forward a proposal.他们每人提出一条建议.
2.The workers are each of them hard-working.这些工人个个勤奋劳动.
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下面读文网小编为大家带来主谓一致语法讲解及练习题,欢迎大家学习
1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:
Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。
注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如:
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. isB. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注: 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。
2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则
1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时,谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如:
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩,二十三个女孩。
2)当either… or… 与neither… nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如:
Either you or she is to go. 不是你去,就是她去。
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。
3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如:
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。
He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。
4. 谓语需用单数的情况
1)代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时,或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如:
Each of us has a tape-recorder. 我们每人都有录音机。
There is something wrong with my watch. 我的表坏了。
2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时,谓语动词常用单数。例如:
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本书。
3)表示金钱,时间,价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时,通常把这些名词看作一个整体,谓语一般用单数。例如:
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 用三个星期来做准备。
Ten yuan is enough. 十元够了。
5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1)代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如:
All is right.一切顺利。
All are present.人都到齐了。
2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后,谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如:
His family isn't very large. 他家成员不多。
His family are music lovers.他家个个都是音乐爱好者。
但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如:
Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗?
3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数,有时看作复数。例如:
A number of +名词复数+复数动词。
The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out.
The majority of the students like English.
6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况
1)用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如:
Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。
Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 大部分学生积极参与体育运动。
2)用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of 等引起主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如: A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。
A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。
3)如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如:
Many a person has read the novel.许多人读过这本书。
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。
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