为您找到与高一英语知识梳理相关的共200个结果:
随着高中新学期开学,高一新生步入高中,开始新的高中生活。重视衔接,做好过渡高一新学期伊始,以下是读文网网小编整理的高一英语学习文章,希望能够帮到你!
1.come up走近;上来;提出
[典例]
1). The little came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.
小男孩向陌生人走去,并告诉他去警察局的路。
3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting. 这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。
5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。
[短语归纳]
come across邂逅 come about发生 come at向…扑来,攻击 come from 来自
come out 出版;开花;结果是 come up with想出
come round 绕道而来 come down落下,塌下
[练习] 用come构成的词组填空。
1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _______ him.
2). The magazine __________ once a month.
3). I wish you can ___________ to England on your holiday.
4). The engineers has ______________ new ways of saving energy.
5). They ___________ an old school friend in the street this morning.
答案: 1). came at 2). comes out 3). come over 4). come up with 5). came across
2. make use of 利用;使用
[典例]
1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应该好好利用机会练习英语。
[短语归纳]
make good use of 好好利用 make full use of 充分利用 make the best/most of 充分利用
[练习]
1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。2). 我们要很好地发挥她的才能。
答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English.
2). We will make good use of her talents.
3. such as例如;像这种的
1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry.
有些诗人, 如济慈和雪莱, 写的是浪漫主义的诗歌
2). Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了
[练习] 用such as或for example填空
1). I like drinks __________ tea and soda.
2). The report is incomplete; it doesn’t include sales in France, ________.
答案: 1) such as 2). For example
4. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色;参与
[典例] 1). She plays an active part in local politics. 她积极参与地方政治活动。
2). She played a major part in the success of the scheme. 她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。
翻译:中国在当今世界扮演着重要的角色。
China is playing an important part/role in the world today.
[短语归纳]
take part (in sth)参加, 参与(某事物 for the most part 整体上; 通常; 多半
the best part of sth(某事物的)绝大部分(尤指一段时间) for my part就我来说
[练习] 中译英
1). 有多少国家要参加(世界杯赛)?
2). 对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。
答案: 1). How many countries will be taking part (in the World Cup)?
2). For my part, I don't mind where we eat.
6. because of 因为;由于
[典例]1). They are here because of us. 他们是因为我们来这里的。
[短语归纳]
because of 是复合介词。
because 是从属连词,引导原因状语从句。
[练习] ⑴ He came late to school again _______ he got up too late.
⑵ The girl cried __________ what the teacher said.
⑶ we have to cancel our trip _________ the bad weather.
7. base on …以…为基础
e.g The movie is based on facts
7.ever before 从前 8.even if/though 即使
9.be based on 以……为基础 10.over time 长期以来
11.in the early days 在早期 12.the same as 相同于
13. Believe it or not信不信由你
14. a number of +N. 许多,大量. 作主语时, 谓语用复数.
the number of +N. …的数量. 作主语时, 谓语用单数
Eg A number of people have read this novel.
The number of people here is 50.
V重点句子 (旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)
1. Which country do you think has the most English learners?
[解释]do you think/believe/expect/ find/know/suppose 作为插入语,放在特殊疑问词后,其它内容紧跟其后并用陈述语序。
What time do you expect we will come and pick you up?你希望我们几点来接你?
What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news?
你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢?
Why do you think their team could win the football match? 你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢?
2. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.
[解释] than ever before 常与比较级连用,意为“比以往任何时候更”。如:
The stars were shining brightly in the dark sky, and the night was more beautiful than ever before. 繁星点缀在夜空里,夜晚比以往更美。
[练习] 中译英
1). 简看起来比以前漂亮多了。 2). 雨下得比以前更大。
答案: 1). Jane looks much prettier than ever before.
2). It's raining harder than ever before.
拓展:(1)引导让步状语从句的引导词还有 although, though, no matter when/what..., whenever, wherever, however 等等。
(2)as也可以引导让步状语从句,但要把其表语、谓语或宾语前置,且前置的单数名词不可以加冠词。
①Even though you achieve great success in your work, you should not be conceited.
即使你们在工作中取得了巨大的成绩,也不应该自满。
②Whatever you do, do it well.
不管你做什么,把它做好。
③However hot it is, he won't take off his hat.
不管多热,他都不摘下帽子。
④Girl as she is, she can go alone in the darkness.
尽管她是个女孩,她敢一个人走夜路。
[即境活用1](2007·浙江)Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ______they knew it to be valuable.
A.as if B.now that C.even though D.so that
解析:even though=even if “即使”,引导让步状语从句。
答案:C
2.Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. 信不信由你,(世界上)没有什么标准英语。
(1)believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入语。
(2)no such thing 没有这样的事情。such与 all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one 等词连用时,应位于它们的后面。
①Believe it or not, he refused to accept our offer.信不信由你,他拒绝接受我们的帮助。
②There is no such street in the city.这城市没有那样的街道。
③He said he didn't have time or made some such excuse.他说他没有时间或别的诸如此类的借口。
[即境活用2](2009·安徽)I’m amazed to hear from my school teacher again. ______, it is ten years since we met last.
A.In a word B.What’s more C.That’s to say D.Believe it or not
解析:句意:想不到又一次收到学校老师的来信,信不信由你,我们上次见面还是在十年前。in a word总之;what’s more而且;that’s to say也就是说;believe it or not信不信由你。
答案:D
3. with的复合结构
[应用3](1)—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work ______ my mind, I almost break down.
A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled
解析:with复合结构中,work和fill是主动关系,且表示正在进行,因此其后要用doing结构。
答案:B
(2)John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______, he gladly accepted it.
A.finished B.finishing C.having finished D.was finished
解析:根据work和finish是被动关系,可以判断出答案。
答案:A
(3)______ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.
A.With B.Besides C.As for D.Because of
解析:根据句意,此处应采用“with+宾语+不定式”。
答案:A
(4)It was cold outside, the boy ran into the room ______ his nose red.
A.to B.on C.in D.with
解析:这个句子考查with的复合结构的用法,用“with+名词+形容词”做状语表示伴随情况。而to、on、in作为介词则没有这种用法,故排除A、B、C,答案为D。句意是:外面天气很冷,那个男孩跑进了屋子时,鼻子红红的。
答案:D
语法讲解
引语的概念(以课文88页为主,本文重在方法提炼与巩固)
直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语 直接引语通常都用引号括起来
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来,叫间接引语
间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _宾语从句#p#副标题#e#
DirectSpeech | IndirectSpeech |
She said, “I like singing. ” | She said she liked singing |
She said, “I am waiting for a bus.” | She said she was waiting for a bus. |
总结:直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引语时用连词that引导宾语从句.从句中的人称,时态,指示代词,时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.(见课本88)
补充:
Direct Speech | Indirect Speech |
She asked, “Have you seen the film?” | She asked me whetherif I had seen the film. |
He asks, “Are you a doctor, John?” | He asks John ifwhether he is a doctor. |
She asked us, “Where are you going to get off?” | She asked us where we were going to get off. |
He asked them, “Who gave you a talk yesterday?” | He asked them who had given them a talk the day before. |
总结 直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,用连词if或whether连接。
直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。
解题步骤:1.陈述句
“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.
第一步Sarah said to her friends that I don’t like computers.
( I—she 时态said 过去式 don’t ---- didn’t )
第二步Sarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
2. 一般疑问句:
Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil? ( They asked him )
第一步It is easy to improve the condition of the soil.
第二步They asked him if it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.
第三步Asked过去式 is---- was
第四步They asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.
3.特殊疑问句:
When do you harvest the wheat ?( They asked him )
第一步you harvest the wheat
第二步They asked him When you harvest the wheat.
第三步(you--he)(harvest-- harvested)
第四步They asked him when he harvested the wheat
练习
1.He asked ____ for the violin.
A Did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
2. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _____.
A.who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
3. Can you tell me ____?
A.how good is his spoken English B. how well his spoken English is
C. how well he speaks English D. how good he can speak English
4. He said that he had bought the jacket____.
A .before three days B. three days before C. three days ago D. last week
5. Did you say_____?
A. that what he said was true B. that it was true that he said
C. what did he say was true D. what he said it was true
6. Please tell me ____ from.
A .where do you come B. where you come
C. where you will come D. there you come
7. Ask her ____ come with us.
A if she will B. if or not she will
C. that if she will D. whether will she
8. The driver said that he ____ pick ____ a passenger at west street.
A will, up B. would, up C. will, out D. would, out
9. He said he ___ in 1993.
A .has born B. had been born C. had born D. was born
10. John ___ me he was going to help me with my English.
A. explained B. spoke C. told D. said
答案:1.A; 2.B; 3.C; 4.B ; 5.A; 6.B; 7.A; 8.B ;9..D; 10.C
单元小测
1.课文单词填空
At the end of the 16th century, English was only spoken by people from England. They were native speakers. Today, the largest number of people 1 (speak) English may be in China. A lot of Chinese people speak English 2 their foreign language.
3 English language has changed quite a lot over the last four centuries. Old English sound more 4 less like German for it was 5 on German, but modern English sounds more like French than German 6 England was once ruled by the French.
Two people had great effects on the English changes. One was Shakespeare, who 7 (large) the English 8 (词汇) ; the other was Noah Webster, 9 wrote a dictionary 10 gave American English its own identity.
2..单词拼写
1.A lot of students p_______________ at the meeting took part in the discussion.
2.The tall tree was struck by l___________ and broke.
3.The robber was caught when he was filling his car with p__________ at the filling station.
4.Go up in an e_______________ to the fifth floor.
5.He looked calm, but a__________ he was very nervous
6.In the word “happy” the _________(重音) is on the first syllable.
7.He has a poor _________________(词汇), so he can't express himself correctly.
8.The gentlemen disclosed their own __________(身份).
9.Anyone who wants to learn English well must remember the ___________(惯用法) of English.
10.Though he is not a ___________(本国的) English speaker, he can speak English very fluently.
3. .单项选择
1.(2009·安徽卷)-Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?
-______, I do. I think it’s a great idea.
A.Really B.Obviously C.Actually D.Generally
2.His uncle made a film ______ his story in his childhood.
A.based on B.was based on C.basing on D.to base on
3.(2010·山东潍坊质量监测)It could be judged from her eyes ______ she was very satisfied with her performance.
A.what B.which C.that D.where
4.The money collected should be made good use ______ the people in Sichuan Province who suffered a lot in the earthquake.
A.of helping B.to help C.to helping D.of to help
5.During the flight to the Moon, Chang’e I Satellite ______ adjusts her direction so that she can go into her programmed orbit and then circle around it at the most appropriate angle(角度).
A.eventually B.gradually C.constantly D.continuously
6.I’m Chinese and I do feel ______ Chinese language is ______ most beautiful language. What’s your opinion?
A.the; a B./; the C.the; / D./; a
7.______ as a serious problem at present, it has drawn a lot of people’s attention.
A.Recognize B.Recognized C.Being recognized D.Having recognized
8.The army received a command that they ______ to the front immediately.
A.would march B.must march C.should march D.were marching
9.The newly-founded chess club formally ______ us to attend the opening ceremony.
A.requested B.required C.demanded D.commanded
10.(2009·江西一模)Films, ______ the one you told me about yesterday or the one that will be on, ______ not worth seeing.
A.including; is B.as well as; are C.besides; is D.such as; are
11.The part that China ______in the international affairs ______ in the international society.
A.plays; is widely praised B.plays; is wide praised
C.takes; widely praised D.takes; wide praised
12.______, a sleepy driver killed twenty-two students and teachers in a traffic accident in Shanxi Province.
A.What's more B.After all C.Believe it or not D.More or less
13.Many students make great progress in listening ______ the large amount of time devoted to it.
A.because of B.instead of C.in case of D.in spite of
14.—Oh, it's you! I ______ you.
—I've just had my hair cut, and I'm wearing new glasses.
A.didn't recognize B.didn't know C.haven't recognized D.haven't known
15.He won't change his mind ______ you go and try to persuade him yourself.
A.since B.until C.as if D.even if
1.答案:1.speaking 2. as 3. The 4. or 5. based 6. because
7.enlarge 8.vocabulary 9.Samuel Johnson
答案1.present;2. lightning;3. Petrol;4. Elevator;5. actually
6. accent;7.vocabulary 8. Identities 9. Usage 10. native#p#副标题#e#
1.答案:C 解析:考查副词。really真正地;obviously明显地;actually实际上; generally大体上。actually在句中起加强语气的作用,相当于sure,certainly, of course。
2. 答案:A 解析:based on为过去分词短语,在句中做后置定语修饰a film。
3. 答案:C解析:考查名词性从句。语意为:她对她的表现很满意,这可以从她的眼睛里判断出来。It是形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主句。
4.答案:D 解析:make (good) use of“(好好)利用”,变为被动时态即be made use of;句中to help the people...为不定式做目的状语。
5. 答案:B解析:考查副词词义辨析。句意为:在飞往月球的途中,嫦娥一号卫星逐渐调整她的方向以便能进入预定的轨道并以合适的角度绕其运行。A.最终;B.逐渐地;C.不断地;D.继续地。
6. 答案:A 解析:第一空需填the,指“汉语”;第二空填a, a most beautiful language是泛指,其中most相当于very。
7. 答案:B 解析:be recognized as“被认为是……”;句中recognized为过去分词做状语。
8.答案:C 解析:command“命令”,其 that从句中用“(should)+动词原形”。
9. 答案:A 解析:表示正式委婉的请求用 request。
10. 答案:D 解析:such as 用于列举事物。又因为主语为复数,第二空格用 are,故选D。本句译为:像你昨天告诉我的电影,以及即将上映的,都不值得看
11. 答案:A 解析:第一空考查短语 play a part in; 第二空考查被动语态
12. 答案:C 解析:考查固定短语。
13. 答案:A 解析:考查介词短语。because of“因为”
14.答案:A 解析:句中表示“刚刚没有认出某人”用 didn't recognize
15.答案:D解析:考查 even if引导让步状语从句。
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1. go to the pictures去看电影(美);go to the movies 去看电影(英)
2. …list the countries that use English as an official language 列举把英语用作官方语言的国家
3. the road to …通向……之路
4. at the end of在……末端,在……尽头,by the end最后(=finally)
5. because of 因为…… (注意和because 的区别)
Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe pollution.因为污染严重,许多美丽的鱼类正在面临绝种。
An argument was inevitable because they disliked each other so much.
争论是不可避免的,因为他们彼此非常厌恶。
6. native English speakers 以英语作为母语的人
7. even if (= even thoug)即使,用来引导一个让步状语从句,后面既可用陈述语气,也可用虚拟语气,但是even if/even though,引导的从句中不用将来时。如:Even though/if it rains tomorrow, we will leave for Beijing.
8. come up 走上前来,走近,发生,出现 come up with 追上,赶上,提出
9. Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.事实上,当不同文化相互交流渗透时,所有的语言都会有所发展、有所变化。
10. be different from… 与……不同
be different in … 在……不同
Most of my projects will be wildly different in performance from one night to the next.
我多数作品每天晚上的演奏风格都各不相同。
As we know, Britain English is a little different from American English.中所周知,英国英语和美国英语有点不同。
11. be based on 以……为基础The relationship between our two countries is based upon mutual respect. 两个国家的关系以相互尊重为基础。This book is based on a true story that happened in the 1930s. 这本书以发生在20世纪三十年代的真实故事为基础。 The reporter asked the writer who he based his character on. 记者问作家他作品的人物是以谁为原型的。
12. at present 目前,眼下be present at 在席;出席present sth to sb / present sb with sth把……推荐,呈现……for the present眼前;暂时present oneself 出席;到场
13. make (great/ good/better/full)use of
We have a lot of work to do, so we have to make good use of time.我们有很多工作要做,所以要好好利用时间。
14. The latter gave a separate identity to Amerian English speaking. 后者体现了美国英语的不同特色。
15. For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. 比如说, 印度拥有众多讲英语流利的人,这是应为英国于1765到1947年统治过印度。(A small number of friends came to help him when he was in trouble)
16. such as 例如
for example In this paragraph there are many nouns, such as boy, girl, and book. 这一段里面有很多名词,例如男孩、女孩和书本。Many great men have risen from poverty---Lincoln, for example. 许多伟人从贫困中崛起,例如林肯。You can take your research work for example.
你可以拿你的研究工作做个例子。
17. Today, the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. 目前在中学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。
18. the largest number of 大多数的
China has the largest number of people.中国有着世界上最多的人。
19. It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as fluently as a native speaker. 中国人说英语很难像以英语为母语的人说英语那么流利。
20. One reason is that English has a large vocabulary. 一个原因是英语有很大的词汇量。
21. different English speaking countries 不同的说英语的国家
22. sing sb a song = sing a song for sb
23. turn off
turn on
turn up
turn down
24. hold on 坚持住,握住不放;(打电话时)不挂断,等—会hold on to vt. 拉住(抓牢)
25. believe it or not 信不信由你
26. those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English 人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语
27. … you will hear the difference in the way(that/ in which) people speak. 你会听出人们在说话时的差异。
28. play a role/ part (in) 在…中担任角色;在…中起作用;扮演一个角色;参与
play an important role/ part 在…中起重要作用
Deng Xiaoping played an important part in developing the economy in China.邓小平在中国经济的发展过程中起着重要作用。
29. from one place to another 从一个地方到另一个地方
30. the same …as… 与……一样
31. … they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects. ……他们仍然能够辨别、理解彼此的方言。
32. No problem.没问题
33. a nice fall day = a lovely autumn day
34. at the top of…在…顶上,在最高位,
at the bottom of 在……底部
35. keep fit
保持健康
You need exercise and keep fit.你需要运动和保持体形。
36. build up逐渐积聚,集结;逐步建立;增进,增强
bring up 教养,养育;提出
37. When you learn English, try to have fun with the language. 当学英语的时候,努力找出语言的乐趣。
38. Visitors are requested not to take photos in the museum. 博物馆要求参观的旅客不得在馆内拍照。
39. by candle light 借助于烛光
40. be satisfied with…对……感到满意,满足于
Never be satisfied with just a little success. 不要有一点成绩就满足。
41. She suggested using CDs to listen to English songs and learn English expressions, watching the news and interviews on CCTV 9, and trying to listen to native speakers.她建议用CD来听英语歌曲和学习英语短语,看新闻和中央电视台9套访谈,努力听以英语为母语的人说话。
It is suggested that ...有人提议... I suggest that ...我觉得[认为]
I suggested you do what he says. 我建议你按照他说的去做。
I suggest you not go tomorrow. 我想你明天还是不要去了。
His pale face suggested that he was in bad health. 他苍白的脸色暗示了他身体不好。
42. at sea在海上 当海员 迷惑, 茫然by sea乘船,经海路
by the sea
在海边, 在海岸边 in the sea在海里
on the sea 在海上
beyond/over the sea在海外
She tried to understand the instructions, but she was completely at sea.
她费尽力气想看懂那些说明文字,却全然不知所云。
43. according to … 按照…… He lives according to her means他按他的方式生活
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高一文言文知识是高中语文中比较重要的一个知识点,要想学好语文就要掌握更多的文言文知识。下面就让读文网小编给大家分享一些高一文言文知识点梳理吧,希望能对你有帮助!
五、古今异义的词
1.浩荡:怨灵修之浩荡(①古义:荒.唐。②今义:形容水势广阔而壮大)
2.工巧:固时俗之工巧兮(①古义:善于投机取巧。②今义:技艺巧妙)
3.改错:偭(miǎn)规矩而改错(①古义:改变措施。②今义:改正错误)
4.穷困:吾独穷困乎此时也(①古义:处境困窘。②今义:经济困难)
5.流亡:宁溘(kè)死以流亡兮(①古义:随流水而消逝。②今义:因灾害或政治原因被迫离开家乡或祖国)
六、句式
1.不吾知其亦已兮(宾语前置)
2.唯昭质其犹未兮(固定句式)
3.高余冠之岌岌兮,长余佩之陆离(定语后置)
4.余虽好修姱以鞿羁兮,謇朝谇而夕替。(被动句)
5.虽体解吾犹未变亏(被动句)
七、难句翻译
1.余虽好姱(kuā)以鞿(jī)羁兮,謇朝谇而夕替。译:我只是崇尚美德而约束自己啊,早上进谏而晚上即遭贬黜。
2.亦余心之所善兮,虽九死其犹未悔。译:这也是我心向往的美德啊,纵然九死也不后悔。
3.宁溘死以流亡兮,余不忍为此态也。译:宁愿突然死去,随水流而长逝啊,我也不肯做出世俗小人这种丑态。
4.进不入以离尤兮,退将复修吾初服。译:到朝廷做官而不被(君王)接纳,又遭受指责啊,就退隐了, 重新整理我当初的衣服。
5.制芰荷以为衣兮,集芙蓉以为裳。译:裁剪荷叶做上衣啊,缀缝荷花花瓣做下装。
6.不吾知其亦已兮,苟余情其信芳。译:不了解我也罢了啊,只要我本心确实是美好的。
7.高余冠之岌岌兮,长余佩之陆离。译:再加高我高高的帽子啊,再加长我长长佩带。
8.芳与泽其杂糅兮,唯昭质其犹未亏。译:世上的清芳和污浊杂糅在一起啊,唯独我明洁的品质还没有亏损。
9.虽体解吾犹未变兮,岂余心之可惩?译:即使被肢解我还是不会改变啊,难道我的志向是可以挫败的吗?
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高中语文要记忆性的东西比较多,加强对语文重点知识的记忆是非常重要的。下面就让读文网小编给大家分享一些高一语文重要知识点梳理吧,希望能对你有帮助!
一.通假字
1.《烛之武退秦师》夫晋,何厌之有厌,通“餍”,满足。若不阙秦皇岛阙,通“缺”,损害。秦伯说说,通“悦”,高兴。失其所与,不知知,通“智”,明智。共其乏困共,通“供”,供给。2.《勾践灭吴(节选)》南至于句无句,通“勾”。将帅二三子夫妇以蕃帅,通“率”。将免者以告免,通“娩”。三月释其政政,通“征”。令壮者无取老妇取,通“娶”。亿有三千有,通“又”。其达士,洁其居,美其服,饱其食,而摩厉之于义魔厉,摩厉,通“磨砺”,切磋,磨炼。国之孺子之游者,无不歠也铺,通“哺”,给人食物吃。歠,通“啜”,给人水喝。3.《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》孰视之孰,通“熟”,仔细。4.《触龙说赵太后》少益耆食耆,通“嗜”,喜爱。必勿使反反,通“返”。5.《寡人之于国也》颁白者不负戴于道路矣颁,通“斑”。直不百步耳直,通“只”,只是,不过。涂有饿莩涂,通“途”,道路。则无望民之多于邻国也无,通“毋”,不要。6.《劝学》虽有槁暴有,通“又”。君子生非异也生,通“性”,资质,禀赋。
二.古今异义
1.敢以烦执事古义:文中是对秦穆公的敬称,不敢直接称对方时的婉转说法。今义:掌管某些项事情(工作)(的人),可用作动词或名词。
2.若舍郑以为东道主。古义:东方道路上的主人。今义:请客的主人。
3.行李之往来。古义:出使的人。今义:出门所带的包裹,箱子等。
4.微夫人之力不及此。古义:那个人。今义:尊称人的妻子。
5.然谋臣与爪牙之士。古义:像爪和牙一样,指帮助者或得力助手。今义:比喻坏人的党羽。
6.苟得闻子大夫之言。古义:古代官职,位于卿之下,士之上。今义:医生
7.以暴露百姓之骨于中原。古义:死在野外尸体不能收殓埋葬。今义:隐蔽的事物,缺陷,矛盾,问题等显露出来。古义:原野。今义:指黄河中下游地区。
8.丈夫二十不取。古义:男子。今义:男女结婚后,男子是女子的丈夫。
9.今地方千里古义:土地方圆。今义:田地或疆域。
10.河内凶古义:谷物收成不好,荒年。今义:凶恶。
11.是使民养生葬死无憾也古义:供养活着的人。今义:保养身体。
12.邻国之民不加少古义:更。今义:增加。
13.君子博学而日参省乎己古义:音cān,验,检查。今义:探究并领会
14.假舆马者古义:借。今义:虚伪的,不真实的
15.蟹六跪而二螯古义:腿,蟹脚。今义:两腿弯曲,使一个或两个膝盖着地。
16.金就砺则利古义:金属,此代指金属制的刀剑等。今义:一种贵重金属
三.常见实词归类
1.〈〈烛之武退秦师〉〉则名微而众寡(低微)微微闻鼠有作作索索(隐隐地)见其发矢十中八九,但微颔之(稍微,略微)微夫人之力不及此(如果没有)顾不如蜀鄙之僧哉(边远的地方)鄙越国以鄙远,君知其难也(边疆,以……为边疆)肉食者鄙,未能远谋(浅陋)及郡下,诣太守,说如此(陈述)说故为之说,以俟夫观人风者得焉(杂说,一种文体)秦伯说,与郑人盟(通“悦”,喜欢,高兴)辞曰:臣之壮也,犹不如人(推辞)辞停数日,辞去(告别)不辞劳苦(推托)
2.〈〈勾践灭吴(节选)〉〉寡人不知其力之不足也(知道)知吾与之共知越国之政(主持)孰为汝多知乎(通“智”)山重水复疑无路,柳暗花明又一村(繁复)复其有敢不尽力者乎?请复战(再)未若复吾赋不幸之甚也(恢复)果行,国人皆劝(鼓励)劝劝君更尽一杯酒(劝说)自杀未遂(实现,成功)遂登轼而望之,曰:“可矣。”遂逐齐师(于是,就)遂使之行成于吴(最终)
3.〈〈邹忌讽齐王纳谏〉〉今齐地方千里,百二十城(方圆)方有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎(地方)方欲行,转视积薪后,一狼洞其中(刚、正)我孰与城北徐公美(谁)孰孰视之,自以为不如(通“熟”,仔细)是可忍。孰不可忍(什么)若有作奸犯科及忠善者(善良,善事)王曰:“善。”(好,表示同意的应答词)善择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之(好)京中有善口技者(擅长)心之不虚,由好学之不诚也(诚意,真心)诚臣诚知不如徐公美(副词,确实,实在)今诚以吾众诈自称公子扶苏(果真,表假设)燕、赵、韩、魏闻之,皆朝于齐(朝拜)朝于是入朝见威王(朝廷)朝济而夕设版焉(早晨)奉命于危难之间(期间)数月之后,时时而间进(间或)间肉食者谋之。又何间焉(参与)中间力拉崩倒之声,火爆声,呼呼风声,百千齐作(夹杂)
4.〈触龙说赵太后〉不若长安君之甚(厉害)由此观之,王之蔽甚矣(严重)甚目似瞑,意暇甚(很)好读书不求甚解(仔细,深入)微夫人之力不及此(到)而不及今令有功于国(趁)及凡我父兄昆弟及国子姓(以及)徐公何能及君也(赶得上)少时,一狼径去(短时间)少太后之色少解(稍微,略微)老臣贱息舒祺,最少,不肖(年龄小,shòo)太后笑曰:妇人异甚(特别)异渔人甚异之(以`````为异,对```````感到诧异)曰“姑俟异日观”云尔(另外的)永州之野产异蛇,黑质而白质(质地)质于是为长安君约车百乘,质于齐(做抵押品,做人质)余立侍左右,援疑质理(询问)
5.〈寡人之于国也〉非我也,兵也(兵器)穷兵黩武(兵器,代指武力)兵必以长安君为质,兵乃出(军队,部队)草木皆兵(士兵)中通外直,不蔓不枝(与“弯”相对)直直不百步耳,是亦直也(只,不过)理直气壮(公正的,正义的)系向牛头充炭直(通“值”,钱)百亩之田,勿夺其时(失去)夺喧宾夺主(压倒)
6.〈劝学〉用心一也(因,由)又备经年裹物之用(用途,用处)用兵精足用,英雄乐业(物资财用)愿早定大计,莫用众人之议也(采用)皇上欲大用康先生(任用)虽有槁暴(pù,晒)暴暴殄(tiǎn)天物(bào,糟蹋)性情暴躁(bào,急噪)吾尝跂而望矣,不如登高之博见也(远看)望日夜望将军至,岂敢反乎(盼望)先达德隆望尊(名望)适冬之望日前后(农历每月十五)以是人多以书假余(借给)假君子生非异也,善假于物也(借助)乃悟前狼假寐,盖以诱敌(假装)圣心备焉(具备)备有备无患(准备)关怀备至(详备,完全到位)挽弓当挽强,用箭当用长(qiáng,强壮)蚓无爪牙之利,筋骨主强(qiáng,强壮,强大,健壮)强策勋十二转,赏赐百千强(qiáng,有余,有多)乃自强步,日三四里(qiǎng,勉强,强迫)忽然抚尺一下,群响毕绝(停止,消失)绝自云先世避秦时乱,率妻子邑人来此绝境(隔绝)佛印绝类弥勒(极,尽)假舟楫者,非能水也,而绝江河(横渡)
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我们人类的生活、科技、生产都与化学密切相关。下面是读文网小编为大家整理的高一化学必修1知识点梳理。希望对大家有所帮助。
1、安全
(1)做有毒气体的实验时,应在通风厨中进行,并注意对尾气进行适当处理(吸收或点燃等)。进行易燃易爆气体的实验时应注意验纯,尾气应燃烧掉或作适当处理。
(2)烫伤宜找医生处理。
(3)浓酸撒在实验台上,先用Na2CO3 (或NaHCO3)中和,后用水冲擦干净。浓酸沾在皮肤上,宜先用干抹布拭去,再用水冲净。浓酸溅在眼中应先用稀NaHCO3溶液淋洗,然后请医生处理。
(4)浓碱撒在实验台上,先用稀醋酸中和,然后用水冲擦干净。浓碱沾在皮肤上,宜先用大量水冲洗,再涂上硼酸溶液。浓碱溅在眼中,用水洗净后再用硼酸溶液淋洗。
(5)钠、磷等失火宜用沙土扑盖。
(6)酒精及其他易燃有机物小面积失火,应迅速用湿抹布扑盖。
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高一地理内容繁多,需要培养良好的理解能力才能学好地理。下面是读文网小编为您整理的高一地理必修二知识点梳理,希望对各位有所帮助。
1、聚落的形成与地理环境的关系,可从形态上反映出来:平原地区,地形比较完整、开阔、平坦,聚落呈圆形或不规则的多边形,规模较大;山区聚落沿河谷或在比较开阔的低地分布。例如:我国的汾河、渭河谷地城市的分布。世界上的大城市多数位于平原上。平原地区的区位优势:地势平坦,土壤肥沃,便于农耕,且有利于交通联系和节省建筑投资。也有的平原不适宜城市的发展。例如:热带地区,低地闷热,城市多分布在高原上,最著名的是巴西,其城市不是分布在亚马孙平原,而是巴西高原。
2、地形对交通线路分布的影响:公路选线避开不利地形,地形平坦地区的交通线网密度较大(造价低、工程量小),山地、丘陵地区的密度较小(造价高、工程量大)。
3、全球气候变暖对农业生产有利方面:高纬度地区升温幅度最大,作物生长期延长,产量增加;对农业生产不有利方面:中纬度半湿润半干旱区,若降水量不变,增温将加速陆地蒸发,使土壤中水分减少,导致作物产量下降。对工业生产也有一定的影响,温度升高将减少高纬度地区供暖的能源消耗,明显增加低纬度地区制冷的能源消耗。
4、自然资源的定义:人类直接从自然界获得,并用于生产和生活的物质和能量。它包括气候资源、土地资源、水资源、生物资源、矿产资源。自然资源是人类文明和社会进步的物质基础。举例:能源利用对生产力的发展有巨大推动作用。△柴草为主要能源--社会生产力水平很低,△18世纪,煤炭为主要能源--社会生产力大幅提高,△20世纪50年代以后,石油为主要能源--极大地促进了生产的发展。
5、常见的自然灾害有水灾、旱灾、台风、暴雨、寒潮、沙尘暴、暴风雪、地震、火山、滑坡和泥石流。了解它们发生的主要原因及危害。
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地理的逻辑性使其在文科科目中突出理科方向。下面是读文网小编为大家整理的高一地理必修二常考知识点梳理,希望对大家有所帮助。
二战前后国际人口迁移的方向及动因:
二战前:方向:由已开发国家→未开发国家;旧大陆→新大陆。
路线:欧洲→美洲;欧洲→大洋洲;非洲→美洲。
原因:①资本主义的发展和殖民主义扩张;②地理大发现和新航线的开辟;
二战后:方向:发展中国家→发达国家;贫穷国→富裕国;
特点:定居移民减少,外籍工人增加。
路线:亚洲、非洲→欧洲、大洋洲;拉美→北美洲
原因:主因:①经济发展不平衡,劳力供求关系不平衡;
特殊原因:②政治性移民
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在学习北师大版的英文课文时,高一的学生应该懂得怎样去总结知识点。下面是读文网小编收集整理的北师大版高一英语必修一知识点总结以供大家学习。
1. I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.
2. Not all cultures greet each other the same way, Nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.
3. We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do.
4. Smiles around the world can be false, hiding other feelings ….
Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in, smiling …
I stood for a minute watching them ….
… I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously …
The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.
She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defense.
5.frowning and turning one’s back to someone shows anger.
… shaking the head from side to side means
Being respectful to people is subjective, based on each culture, but in general it is probably not a good idea to give a hug to a boss or a teacher.
Standing at a little distance with open hands will show that …
There are many ways around the world to show agreement, but nodding the head up and down is used for ….
6. These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways in which cultures have developed.
>>>下一页更多精彩“高一英语教学计划”#p#副标题#e#
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做好英语知识点的总结,会让你更加轻松的学习英语。下面是读文网小编收集整理的高一英语unit3知识点总结以供大家学习。
scene permit stare account appearance
patience silly jealous unbelievable rude
manner scream indeed decade humor
character director passage pound wealth
spot author reserve survive doubt
offer advantage order pavement lucky
dessert follow steak wander wonder/wonderful
fault businessman funny amazing seek
pleasure scream genuine fake issue
bow jail crime properly
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英语是一门实用性极强的课程。下面是读文网小编收集整理的高一英语必修1知识点以供大家学习。
1. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.
2. I felt bad the first time I talked to the group. the first time相当于连词,用来引导从句
3. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep. should have done 本应做而未做
needn’t have done 本不应做而做了 can’t have done 过去不可能做过
4. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life
5. Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.
6. He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.
7. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.
8. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.
9. However, this was a time when one had to have……
10. The parts of town in which they had to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.
11. …. We had reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.
12. They could not get the jobs they wanted.
13. we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.
14. I was worried about whether I would become out of work.
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在高一的学习阶段,我们要打好每一个课程的基础。下面是读文网小编收集整理的高一英语必修3知识点以供大家学习。
19. make a bet 打赌
20. go ahead 前进;往下说
21. by accident 偶然;不小心
22. account for 说明;导致;做出解释
23. to be honest 说实话
24. shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩
25. in rags 衣衫褴褛
26. even if 即使;尽管
27. permit/allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
28. care about 关心;在乎
29. get into trouble 陷入困境
30. as a matter of face 事实上
31. as for…… 关于;就……而言
32. give attention to 注意……
33. honor sb. for sth. 因……而表彰某人
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高中英语一直都是高中生比较头疼的科目,要想学习好英语,就要掌握好应该的必备知识。下面就让读文网小编给大家分享一些高一英语必修二知识点总结吧,希望能对你有帮助!
1. can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事,不由得不做某事
She couldn't hep smiling.
[比较]
(1) can't help but do 不得不……;不能不 When the streets are full of melting snow, you can't help but get your shoes wet.
(2) cannot but 不能不,只能He could not but feel disappointed.
[归纳]
(1) help (sb.) (to) do sth. Help me get him back to bed at once. / By helping them we are helping save ourselves.
(2) help...with sth. 帮助……做某事 In those days he used to help her mother with her gardening.
(3) help oneself / sb. to sth. 给自己 / 别人夹菜 / 拿烟
等;擅自拿用 May I help you to some more vegetables?
(4) help...in sth. 在……方面帮助某人 She offered to help Rose in the housekeeping when I am not here.
(5) help out 帮忙 (做事;克服困难等) I've often helped Bob out when he's been a bit short of money.
2. 含go的短语
① go around 到处走/跑.(疾病)流传,(谣言)传开;go after 追求;go ahead 说吧,请吧,做吧;go away 离开,出去
② go back 走网头路,翻悔改变;go bad 变坏;go boating 去划船
③ go fishing 去钓鱼;go for a walk去 散步
④ go hiking 去徒步旅行;go home 回家
⑤ go in for 喜爱,从事于;go into 进入,加入
⑥ go mad 发疯
⑦ go off 离去,去世;go on 继续,进展,依据;go on doing 继续做;go out 出去,发出去,熄灭,不时兴;go over 研究,检查,搜查
⑧ go shopping 去商店;go skating 去滑冰;go straight along 沿着;go swimming 去游泳
⑨ go through 通过,经受,仔细检查;go to bed 上床
⑩ go up 上升
[例句] We'll go through the items one by one. 我们要逐条研究。She has gone back to her old habits. 她又回到了已往的习惯。Come on Sunday by yourself - we can go over the house together. 星期天你要过来.我们一起检查一下房子。His speech went on for so long that people began to fall asleep. 他的演讲持续很长时间,结果人们开始想睡。That expression has gone out. Nobody Uses it today. 那个短语已经过时了,现在没有人在用它。The young fellow hasn't realized that he has gone wrong. 这个年轻人还没有意识到他已经误入歧途。Tired of going shopping with his wife,Mr. Liu pretended to have something important to do. 厌烦与妻子一起去购物,刘先生假装有重要的事情要做。
【考例2】(2004北京) I don't ____ rock' n' roll. It's much too noisy for my taste.
A. go after B. go away with
C. go into D. go in for
[考查目标] 此题主要考查四个动词短语的意思。
[答案与解析]D go after 追求;go away with 带走;go into进入,加入;go in for 喜爱,爱好。根据句子意思“摇滚音乐太嘈杂。不合乎我的口味.所以我不喜欢”。
【考例】(NMET 1998) Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to ____.
A. be put up B. give in
C. be turned on D. go out
[考查目标]此题主要考查四个短语的意思。
[答案与解析] D put up 挂起;give in 屈服;turn on 打开;go out 熄灭。本句话意思是“没有人注意到贼溜进了屋子,因为灯碰巧熄灭了”。
3. go wrong
(1) 走错路;弄错方向
(2) 失败;不顺利All our plans went wrong. / Everything went wrong in those days.
(3)发生故障 The clock went wrong.
[比较]表示“变为”的系动词
(1) go 表示由积极向消极方面变化Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. 又如:go mad / pale / blind / hungry
(2) become / get 表示由积极向消极或消极向积极方
面变化 The weather is getting quite warm. / Gradually he became silent.
(3) turn 多接表颜色的词 This ink turns black when it dries. / He used to be a teacher till he turned writer.
注意:become a writer
(4) grow 侧重变化过程 The sea is growing calm.
(5) fall 进入某种状态 All three children fell asleep.
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作为高中生应该将英语的知识点熟记于心,才能更好的面对考试。下面就让读文网小编给大家分享一些高一英语必修三知识点吧,希望能对你有帮助!
1. get away from 逃离
2. watch / look out 注意,当心
3. go for a hike / go hiking 去徒步旅游
4. as with 正如……一样
5. see off 为某人送行
6. on the other hand 在另一方面
7. take care of 照顾
8. get close / near to 接近,凑近
9. tree after tree 一棵又一棵的树
10. as wall as 也,和……一样(好)
11. protect…from 保护……不受……的伤害
12. be surprised at 因……而吃惊
13. be caught / trapped / struck in 被……困住
14. take place 发生
15. go through 通过,经过;经历(痛苦的事)
16. be upon 临近,逼近
17. hold on to 紧紧抓住
18. refer to 提到,说到;查询(信息)
19. look into 注视……的内部;检查,调查
20. for fear of (doing) sth. 惟恐……
1. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, ... you may want to try hiking. Instead和instead 0f的用法
2. Say "Hi" / "Hello" / "Thanks" to sb. (for me) 问候的句型
3. Is anybody seeing you off? 进行时表将来
4. She struggled and struggled, and could not get on her feet. (= keep struggling)
5. You should not go rafting unless you know... unless引导条件状语从句,相当于if... not
6. By staying at..., tourists can help the villagers make money so that they can take care of the fiver and the birds. 目的状语从句
7. She was so surprised that she couldn't move. 结果状语从句
8. Tree after tree went down, cut down by water. 过去分词作状语
9. The next moment, the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden. 现在分词作状语
10. However, before she could think twice, the water was upon her. It didn't take long before the building was destroyed. before的用法
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掌握好每一个知识点是学好英语的重要方法。下面是读文网小编收集整理的高一英语必修2知识点总结以供大家学习。
高一英语必修2知识点总结
以上就是读文网小编收集的高一英语必修2知识点总结全部内容,希望对你有帮助。
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英语是高中时期比较重要的一门课程,高一时期打好英语基础尤为重要。下面就让读文网小编给大家分享一些高一英语必修一知识点归纳吧,希望能对你有帮助!
1.prefer
Prefer doing…to doing…
Prefer to do rather than do
2.advantages/disadvantages优势/劣势
2.Ever since middle school,my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.从高中起,我姐姐王维和我就一直梦想做一次伟大的自行车旅行。
连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时,介词since与时间点连用
It is/has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时自从……至今已经多久了。
3.persuade sb to do sth=persuade sb into doing sth说服某人做某事
4.强调句型It is/was+被强调部分+that/who
强调句型可以强调除谓语动词以外的任何句子成份。一般来说,如果被强调部分是人时,用连词that或who;如果被强调部分是物,只能用连词that。
not…until的强调句
5.be fond of喜欢,喜爱
6.Although尽管,虽然,引导让步状语从句
① although 从句多在句首,though 从句可在主句前、中、后任何位置,而且though 可以作副词用于句末,作“但是,不过”讲,而although 无此用法。
② as though(仿佛,好像),even though(即使,尽管)中不能用although。
③ though 引导的让步状语从句可以倒装(将表语、状语、情态动词后的动词原形前置到句首,此用法同as),而 although 不可以。
7.insist on doing sth/sth.一定要、坚持主张
She insists on getting up early and playing her radio loudly.
她老是一大早起来把收音机音量开大
11.care about关心 在乎
care for喜欢,照料,照顾
12.change one’s mind改变主意
13.experience经历/经验
14.Once可作为从属连词,作“一(旦)……就……”解,连接一个表示时间的状语从句。从句中常用一般现在时现在完成时表将来。
Once you have begun you must continue.
15.give in让步 give up 放弃
16.instead of代替,而不是
17.make up one’s mind to do下定决心做某事
18.a large parcel of一大包
19.as usual像往常一样
20.put up our tent搭帐篷
21.stay awake睡不着,醒着stay up熬夜
22.for company做伴
23.lie beneath the stars躺在星空下
24.can hardly wait to do=can’t wait to do迫不及待做某事
25.go in the right direction走正确的方向
26.at a very slow pace.以很慢的速度
27.be similar to类似于
28.afford to do sth付得起,能承担
29.be tired from因……而疲劳be tired of对……厌倦
30.be in high spirits喜气洋洋,兴高采烈
31.come true实现,成真
32.give sb some advice on doing...
33.a guide to………的指南
34.on a tour在游览中,在巡演中
35.in detail详细地
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对已学的知识做一个梳理,会让你的学习成绩更上一层楼。下面是读文网小编网络整理的高一地理必修一知识点梳理以供大家学习。
高一地理必修一知识点梳理(一)
高一地理必修一知识点梳理(二)
以上就是读文网小编收集的高一地理必修一知识点梳理全部内容,希望对你有帮助。
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初二英语上册知识点都有哪些呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于初二英语上册知识点全盘梳理,希望会对大家有所帮助。
1. have fun doing sth.
2. Why don’t you…?
3. We’re going to do sth.
4. start with sth.
5. Why not…?
6. Are you going to…?
7. be friendly to sb.
8. You’d better do sth.
9. ask sb. for sth.
10. say goodbye to sb.
11. Good luck(with sb)!
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