为您找到与初二英语主要学什么语法相关的共200个结果:
初二英语语法的学习需要我们的努力,初二英语语法的知识都有哪些呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于初二英语语法的知识汇总,希望会对大家有所帮助。
1) leave的用法
1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如:
When did you leave Shanghai?
你什么时候离开上海的?
2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如:
Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.
下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。
3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。
例如:
Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?
你为什么要离开上海去北京?
2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用
should作为情态动词用?常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等?有“竟会”的意思 例如::How should I know? 我怎么知道?
Why should you be so late today?
你今天为什么来得这么晚?
should有时表示应当做或发生的事?例如:
We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。
我们在使用时要注意以下几点
1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如:
You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。
2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如:
You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服?你最好去看医生。
3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如:
We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。
She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。
3) What...? 与 Which...?
1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物。但是what仅用来询问职业。如:
What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?
该句相当于: What does your father do?
What is your father's job?
Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如:
Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特?
---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。
2. What...?是泛指?所指的事物没有范围的限制,而 Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。如:
What color do you like best? 所有颜色
你最喜爱什么颜色?
Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? 有特定的范围
你最喜爱哪一种颜色?
3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如:
Which pictures are from China?
哪些图片来自中国?
4) 频度副词的位置
1.常见的频度副词有以下这些:
always 总是 一直
usually 通常
often 常常 经常
sometimes 有时候
never 从不
2.频度副词的位置
a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如 :
David is often arrives late for school.
大卫上学经常迟到。
b.放在行为动词前。如:
We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.
我们每天经常在7:10去上学。
c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。如:
Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.
有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。
3.never放在句首时主语、谓语动词要倒装。如Never have I been there.
5) every day 与 everyday
1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。如
We go to school at 7:10 every day.
我们每天7:10去上学。
I decide to read English every day.
我决定每天读英语。
2. everyday 作定语?译为“日常的”。
She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.
她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。
What's your everyday activity?
你的日常活动是什么?
6) 什么是助动词
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(quduwenry Verb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。
助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:
He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。
doesn't是助动词,无词义。like是主要动词?有词义
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用?可以用来
a. 表示时态;例如:
He is singing. 他在唱歌。
He has got married. 他已结婚。
b. 表示语态;例如:
He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。
c. 构成疑问句;例如:
Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗
Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句。例如:I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。
e. 加强语气。例如:Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would
7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。
(to come动作未做)
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh,I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案:C。
由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
2.remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做)
remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
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初中是开始学习系统语法知识的重要阶段。这阶段语法学习好了,以后语法就会感到很轻松那么,初二英语语法学习方法有哪些?
(一)题型分类与特点
完形填空试题是在给出的一篇短文中有目的地拿掉若干个词,留下一些空格,要求考生借助短文保留的部分,从所给的短文整体出发,在正确理解短文意思的基础上,根据句子和句子间的内在联系、词的用法和习惯搭配等,用适当的词或词语填空,使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。这种题型测试的内容从形式上看是单词或短语的填空,但它必须注意到短文中上、下文意思连贯、词语搭配和语法结构正确,所以在空格上所填的词必须符合语义适用和语法正确两条原则,只考虑某一侧面都可能导致错误。中考中完形填空试题的基本题型分两类:完形填空选择题和完形填空题。
1. 完形填空选择题:该题型的特点是将一篇短文中若干词语抽掉留下空格,对每一空格提供若干个选择项,要求考生通读短文后,在理解短文意思的基础上,运用所学的词汇、句型、语法等语言知识,从所提供的备选项中选出一个最佳答案,使短文内容完整正确。中考完形填空主要以这种题型为主。它所给的短文一般与初中英语教材难易程度相当,字数在150-200个单词之内,多数设置10个左右空格,所设考点涉及词汇、语法及对短文内容的理解。短文的第一句一般不设空,以期提供一个语境,对每一空格设置的选项基本都属于相同或对等的词类,给判定选择带来一定的干扰,侧重考查了考生准确运用词汇的能力及对短文的整体理解和逻辑推理能力。
2. 选词填空题:该题型的特点是把抽出的词打乱顺序,不按原文顺序排列,放在短文前面或后面的方框内,有时还增加几个文外的词,要求考生从中选出适当的词以正确的形式填入短文空格内。
(A)
Jack wanted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only learnt the phrase (短语)“have a day off”. He 2 , then he had an idea. “Grandmother is ill. May I have a day off, 3 ? ”he asked the teacher. “Of course, you can. ”replied (答复)the teacher at once. After a while, the boy came to 4 at the teacher’s door. “May I have a day off 5 ? ”The teacher was very surprised, “Didn’t you 6 it just now? ”“Yes, sir. But I can’t be here 7 , either. ”The teacher understood him and could not help 8 . Then he said with a smile, “Why didn’t you say‘May I have two days off? ’”The boy answered quickly 9 a loud voice. “But you only 10 us‘have a day off! ’”
( )1. A. but B. and C. or D. for
( )2. A. thought hardly
B. thought hard and hard
C. hard thought
D. thought and thought
( )3. A. Miss B. sir C. teacher D. Mr
( )4. A. strike B. best C. hit D. knock
( )5. A. also B. again C. too D. once
( )6. A. speak B. tell C. say D. do
( )7. A. tomorrow
B. the day after tomorrow
C. yesterday
D. the day before yesterday
( )8. A. laugh B. to laugh C. laughed D. laughing
( )9. A. with B. on C. in D. by
( )10. A. teach B. taught C. are teaching D. were teaching
(B)
请根据内容从所给的15个单词中选出最恰当的10个填入空白处,使短文完整,有些词要根据需要作适当的词形变化。
than, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love, composition, understand, to, that, much, for, what
A generation gap (代沟)has become a serious problem. I read a _______(1)about it in the newspaper. Some children have killed _______(2)after quarrels (争吵)with parents. I think this is _______(3)they don’t have a good talk with each other. Parents now spend _______(4)time in the office. _______(5)they don’t have much time to stay with their children. As time passes, they both feel _______(6)they don’t have the same topics(话题)to talk about. I want to _______(7)parents to be more with your children, get to know them and understand them. And for children, show your feeling _______(8)your parents. They are the people who _______(9)you. So tell them your thoughts (想法). In this way, you can have a better _______(10)of each other.
完形填空选择题的一般解题思路是:
1. 跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格,通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文,获得整体印象,做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨,较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择,切忌仓促下笔。
2. 结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上,再结合所给备选项细读全文,联系上、下文内容,注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示,以词、句的意义为先,再从分析句子结构入手,根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑,对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选,排除干扰项、初步选定答案。
3. 瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做,一下子不能确定答案的,先跳过这一空格,继续往下做,最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文,随着对短文理解的深入,可以降低试题的难度,提高选择的正确率。
4. 复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后,把所选的答案代入原文,再把全文通读一篇,逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确,是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的,应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。
完形填空试题的一般解题思路是:
1. 跳过空格、通读短文、了解大意。解题时先跳过空格,通读完形填空的短文,了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句,善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点,理清文脉,推测全文主题及大意。
2. 复读短文、确定语义、判断词形。把握短文大意后再认真复读短文,利用上下文的语境,结合所学过的知识,先确定空格处所需词语的意义,再根据空格在句子中的位置,判断其在句中充当的成分,从而确定所填词的词性,再依据词语搭配和语法规则,判断所填的词的正确形式。
3. 三读短文、上下参照、验证答案。在短文的每一空白处填上一个词后,将完成的短文再细读一遍,上下参照,连贯思考。把所填的答案放入短文中进行检验,可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证,凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
(三)课文阅读指导
1. 初中阅读
阅读理解能力
(1)理解主旨要义
(2)理解文中具体信息
(3)根据上下文猜测生词的意义
(4)做出简单判断的推理
(5)理解文章的基本结构
(6)理解作者的意图和态度
2. 培养良好阅读习惯
(1)扩大视距
(2)克服声读
(3)克服逐字读
3. 猜测词文
(1)通过标题或主题句进行预测
(2)文章的标题或主题句可包括作者的意图和倾向、篇章的总体意义和深层意义,因此通过文章标题或主题句进行预测,以便正确理解。
(3)通过语篇标记进行预测
(4)语篇标记包括关联词、转换词也包括其他关键词。
(5)利用背景知识预测
(6)利用图片进行预测
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掌握好英语语法是学好英语的重要环节。下面是读文网小编收集整理的初二英语语法知识点以供大家学习。
英语的动词必须在人称(person)、数目(number)、性别( gender)和格(case)这些方面和主语取得一致或互相呼应。
在学生的英文作文中,动词与主语呼应上的错误,经常出现。
下面这句话来自一个重要的公共部门的通告,里面也出现了动词与主语不一致的错误:
ABC corporation, with its five main subsidiary companies, have taken over the operations of the previous electricity and gas departments of XXX with effect from 1 october 1995.
这里的主语是“ABC corporation”,它是单数的,动词也应该是单数的 has,不是复数的 have,因此犯了动词与主语不对应的错误。
既然这是个常见的错误,我们便要特别留意,并且记住下面这些指导原则:
·动词和主语在人称和数目上要一致,如:
① I am a writer.
② Helen is an editor.
③ They have a good future.
④ Dr Chen teaches us English.
⑤ Some old houses were burnt to the ground.
⑥ A deserted hut has already been demolished.
·两个或两个以上的单数主语由连接词“and”贯串起来时,便成了复数,动词也要复数,如:
⑦ David and Jason are colleagues.
⑧The driver and the passenger were involved in a quarrel.
·两个主语由“with”或“as well as ”等连接时,动词要和第一个主语的人称及数目呼应,如:
⑨ A woman with her puppies is walking along the lake.
⑩ The monitor as well as the other students has been scolded.
·两个主语由“either……or”或“neither……nor”连接时,动词要和第二个主语的人称及数目呼应,如:
11. Either you or your friend is wrong.
12. Neither John nor his classmates have said it.
·集合名词(collective noun)当整体看待时,动词是单数。
13. The steering committee is made up of five members.
14. The jury has made its final decision.
有时可以个别看待集合名词里的成员,这时这些成员合起来便变成复数,动词也是复数了,如:
15. The committee have met once and they will meet again next month.
16. Despite hours of deliberations, the jury were still divided in their opinions.
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英语语法的掌握是学好英语的重要步骤。下面是读文网小编为大家收集整理初二英语语法复习,相信这些文字对你会有所帮助的。
连接词及其用法
从结构上说,英语连接词分两大类:并列连词(coordinating conjunctions)和从属连词(subordinating conjunctions)。
并列连词连接两个或两个以上地位平等的字、词组或分句。例如:(1)Air and water are indispensable to me.
(2)She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.
(3)Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.
从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句,形成复杂句中的从属分句。例如:
(4)He said that he did not want to go .
(5)Many things have happened since I last saw him.
(6)You may come if you want to.
上述连词的用法,看起来不难,但错误也难免。下面是些好例子:
(1)This book may be used both as a text as well as a reference book.
这里的“as well as”和“both”不能搭配,应该将“as well ”改为“and”,使“both……and……”变成关联连词( correlative conjunction)
(2)He not only speaks Mandarin but also English.
这里的“not only”应该移到“speaks”后面,使这个动词兼顾两个等立宾语:“Mandarin”和“English”。
(3)Although he is fat, but he is very weak.
英语里的“although”和“but”是不见面的 ,因此这句里的“ but”要去掉,不然“although”就要出来。
(4)Jim is not so strong like you.
这里的“not so”必须和“as”连成一体;介词“like”是不适宜的。
(5)No sooner had we reached our destination, they left.
"No sooner"必须和"than" 配成关联连词,把"than" 省掉是不对的,应该补上:
No sooner had we reached our destination than they left.
这句子的意思也可透过“as soon as”反映出来:
“As soon as we reached our destination, they left.”
(6)I took a taxi and which took me to the station.
这里的并列连词“and”是多余的,必须去掉。如果要保留“and ”也可,但是形容词分句里的关系代词“Which”要改成主语“it” ,使整个句子变成并列分句如下:
I took a taxi and it took me to the station.
(7)My friend came up to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.
这里的“and”应该用来连接最后两个谓语才对:
My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said good-bye excitedly.
不然,就要把“said”改成“saying”。
My friend came up to me and held my hand, saying good-bye excitedly.
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在英语学习中,我们要掌握相关的语法知识。下面是读文网小编收集整理的初二英语下册语法知识归纳以供大家学习。
主动语态比被动语态直接而有力,多用主动语态,可以使文章充满朝气,呈现活力。
在下列两组句子中, (b)比(a)有力:
(1)a.My first visit to New Zealand will always be remembered by me.
b. I will always remember my first visit to New Zealand.
(2)a.The crowing of cocks could be heard at dawn.
b. The cocks' crow came with dawn.
虽然如此,在某些情况下,非用被动语态不可。前此已提过这事,这里不再重述。这里只有指出其中一点,就是有些动词,如 "base, schedule, expect, suppose" 等,通常以被动语态形式出现。
例如:
(1)This survey was based on facts.
(2)The last train is scheduled to leave at 9pm.
(3)You are expected to come on time.
(4)All are supposed to work hard.
除了上述这些动词之外,还有十种,几乎都以被动式出现。
(一)有关“疾病”的动词,如:
(1)Helen's left lung is infected.
(2)He is confined to the house by illness.
(3)The old man was seized with sudden chest pains.
(二)有关“疲乏”的动词,如:
(4)I am completely exhausted after the game.
(5)Tom was done up after the race.
(三)有关“喜乐”的动词,如:
(6)The children were fascinated by the toys.
(7)We were delighted to hear the good news.
(8)I am very pleased to see you here.
(四)有关“延迟”或“障碍”的动词,如:
(9)The workers were held up by the heavy rain.
(10)The road was blocked by ice.
(11)The train was delayed by 30 minutes.
(五)有关“惯性动作”的动词,如:
(12)Tom is addicted to smoking.
(13)Foreign workers are quite used to hard work.
(六)有关“烦恼”或“焦急”的动词,如:
(14)Who was upset by John?
(15)Mother was annoyed to know this.
(七)有关“惊奇”或“震惊”的动词,如:
(16)I was surprised to see him here.
(17)All were shocked to hear the bad news.
(八)有关“包围”的动词,如:
(18)The troops were surrounded.
(19)Troy was besieged.
(九)有关“沾污”或“污化”的动词,如:
(20)Judy's reputation is tarnished.
(21)The water was contaminated with oil.
(十)有关“害怕”或“混乱”的动词,如:
(22)All were frightened out of their wits.
(23)He was puzzled about what to do next.
从结构上说,英语连接词分两大类:并列连词(coordinating conjunctions)和从属连词(subordinating conjunctions)。
并列连词连接两个或两个以上地位平等的字、词组或分句。
例如:(1)Air and water are indispensable to me.
(2)She likes going out with friends or playing outdoor games.
(3)Most workers have a good income, so they look very happy.
从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句,形成复杂句中的从属分句。例如:
(4)He said that he did not want to go .
(5)Many things have happened since I last saw him.
(6)You may come if you want to.
上述连词的用法,看起来不难,但错误也难免。下面是些好例子:
(1)This book may be used both as a text as well as a reference book.
这里的“as well as”和“both”不能搭配,应该将“as well ”改为“and”,使“both……and……”变成关联连词( correlative conjunction)
(2)He not only speaks Mandarin but also English.
这里的“not only”应该移到“speaks”后面,使这个动词兼顾两个等立宾语:“Mandarin”和“English”。
(3)Although he is fat, but he is very weak.
英语里的“although”和“but”是不见面的 ,因此这句里的“ but”要去掉,不然“although”就要出来。
(4)Jim is not so strong like you.
这里的“not so”必须和“as”连成一体;介词“like”是不适宜的。
(5)No sooner had we reached our destination, they left.
"No sooner"必须和"than" 配成关联连词,把"than" 省掉是不对的,应该补上:
No sooner had we reached our destination than they left.
这句子的意思也可透过“as soon as”反映出来:
“As soon as we reached our destination, they left.”
(6)I took a taxi and which took me to the station.
这里的并列连词“and”是多余的,必须去掉。如果要保留“and ”也可,但是形容词分句里的关系代词“Which”要改成主语“it” ,使整个句子变成并列分句如下:
I took a taxi and it took me to the station.
(7)My friend came up to me and held my hand, said good-bye excitedly.
这里的“and”应该用来连接最后两个谓语才对:
My friend came up to me, held my hand, and said good-bye excitedly.
不然,就要把“said”改成“saying”。
My friend came up to me and held my hand, saying good-bye excitedly.
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初二英语下册的语法学习,是一个让人头疼的问题。下面是读文网小编收集整理的初二英语下册语法的知识点复习以供大家学习。
He said I was hard-working.
重点语法:宾语从句
结构:主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语从句(主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语/表语)
例句:----I'm good at English. He says. (改为加宾语从句的复合句)
----He says I'm good at English.
注意:①主句是一般现在时态,宾语从句的时态不受其影响。
例句:He says I'm good at English now.
He says I was good at mathematics when I was young.
②主句是过去时态,宾语从句也要用过去时态。
例句:He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday.
He said I was good at English now yesterday.
③宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。
例句:Our teacher says 24 hours make a day.
Our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday.
④动词原形不能作主语,必须用其 -ing 形式。
例句:She said helping others changed her life.
重点短语:direct speech 直接引语
reported speech = indirect speech 间接引语
first of all = at first 首先
pass on 传递
be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事
be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好
in good health 身体健康
get over 克服
open up 打开
care for = take care of = look after 照料;照顾
not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再
have a cold 感冒
end-of-year exam 年终考试
get nervous 变得紧张
forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(该事未做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做某事(该事已做)
it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事[对某人来说]……(加形容词)
context 上下文
Reading Strategy(阅读方法)
First read for meaning, not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思,不在于文段的细节部分。)
You can understand the meaning of a word you don't know from the context. (至于不懂的单词,你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义。)
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初二上册英语单元测试卷及答案完整版
单元考试是检测英语学习成果的方式,所以同学们要做好英语单元试卷的练习,那么八年级上册英语单元测试卷怎么做呢?以下是小编准备的一些初二上册英语单元测试卷及答案,仅供参考。
I.1-5 BCDAC
II. 1. friendly 2. friends 3. the nicest 4. more careful 5. dangerous 6. better 7. the heaviest 8. generous 9. solve 10. advertisement
III. 1-5 ABBBC
IV. 1. wears 2. to be 3. share 4. will be 5. interested
V. 1. is, has 2. isn't so / as 3. doesn't do 4. What, like 5. to send 6. How clever 7. Neither, nor 8. Don't talk 9. has he 10. don't, want
Ⅵ. 1-5 DCADB 6-10 BADBA
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初二上册英语期末试卷及答案可打印
为了帮助大家强化英语知识点的记忆,提高做题能力。关于初二上册英语期末试卷怎么做呢?以下是小编准备的一些初二上册英语期末试卷及答案,仅供参考。
一、着眼课本,明确重点。
结课以后帮助学生梳理每个单元话题下的词汇,语法和功能句。因为期末考试中词汇来源于书尾黑体词,完成句子和连词成句都源于书中的重点短语或者功能句,听力有的题为书中对话改编,阅读有1篇也选自课本原文,书面表达来源于本学期六个单元的话题,所以着眼课本,明确课本中的重点,要点,帮助学生落实是非常重要的。
区练习册是很好的练习材料,一定要利用好,结合单元要点梳理,可以把练习册中比较好的题拿出来作为单元检测,来检查学生单元要点掌握的情况,对基础比较薄弱的学生进行个别辅导。
二、听读并举,注重训练
听力与阅读复习必不可少,但由于复习的课时较紧,所以不能单独上听力课或者阅读课,但是每节课课前可以利用区练习册中的听力材料,让学生每天都练练耳,并且课后布置让学生跟磁带朗读教材课文的作业。一是要培养学生静下心听、读、思考的习惯,二是让学生跟磁带朗读课文可以帮助学生培养良好的语感,既对听力敏感,又对课文熟悉,这样做可以说事半功倍。
在结束单元练习以后,打算让学生再做三套综合练习,针对学生在综合练习中出现的问题查漏补缺,对薄弱学生进行个别辅导,对错误题目先进行全班讲解,然后在进行面改,做到整体推进,尽力争取及格率,不让一个学生掉队。
三、写话练习,注重技巧
失分比较严重的题型就是语言综合运用题即,看图写画和书面表达。为了让学生能减少失分,我们决定一是对看图写画进行专项训练,二是以话题为单位在对每个单元进行要点梳理的时候,结合单元话题,让学生写1—2篇文章,然后对学生进行面批,帮助学生提高。
能否有效地进行期末复习是决定能否取得良好成绩的关键所在,祝愿全区所有的学校和学生们都能取得理想的成绩。
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期末复习对于学生进步是很关键的,接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于2016常熟市初二英语下册期末试卷,希望会对大家有所帮助。
一、听力选择(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
第一部分:听对话回答问题
本部分共有10道小题,每小题你将听到一段对话,每段对话听两遍。在听每段对话前,你将有5秒钟的时间阅读题目;听完后你还有5秒钟的时间从题中所给的A、 B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
1. Which organization does Jim's sister work for?
2. How did the woman go to Beijing last Sunday?
3. What type of book is Daniel's favourite?
4. What did the sign on the wall say?
5. How much will the operation cost?
A. Over 5,000 yuan. B. Over 50,00 0 yuan. C. Over 500,000 yuan.
6. What time is it now?
A. It's 8:00. B. It's 8:15. C. It's 8:30.
7. How long has the boy been ill?
A. For two days. B. For three days. C. For four days.
8. What's the relationship between the two speakers?
A. Classmates. B. Mother and son. C. Husband and wife.
9. What will the boy do?
A. Turn down the TV. B. Turn off the TV. C. Turn on the TV.
10. Why doesn't the girl have time to watch TV?
A. Because she's busy playing soccer.
B. Because she's busy working.
C. Because she's busy with her homework.
第二部分:听对话和短文回答问题
你将听到一段对话和两篇短文,各听两遍。听每段对话或短文前,你将有时间阅读相关小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,每小题你还有5秒钟的时间从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听一段对话,回答第11-12小题。
11. How many times has the boy read the novel?
A. Never. B. Twice. C. Three times
12. What will the girl do?
A. She'll borrow the novel.
B. She'll go to buy the novel.
C. She'll work in the bookshop.
听第一篇短文,完成第13-15小题。请根据短文内容,选择正确答案,完成信息记录表。
A busy week
Monday Go to my cousin's birthday party
Tuesday 13
Wednesday 14
Thursday Study for my 15 test
Friday Go to the movies
13. A. Go to the dentist B. Play basketball C. English
14. A. Go to the museum B. Play tennis C. Have a test
15. A. Maths B. Arts C. Chinese
听第二篇短文,回答第16至20小题。
16. Why is a bicycle sometimes better than a car in the town?
A. It has a basket at the front.
B. It is much cheaper than a car.
C. It is often faster than a car.
17. Who can the speaker take to school and the library by bicycle?
A. Her little son. B. Her little daughter. C. Her husband.
18. In what season does the speaker use her bike most?
A. In summer. B. In winter. C. In autumn.
19. When does the speaker's husband use the bicycle?
A. When he goes for a picnic.
B. When he goes to his office.
C. When he goes to see his friends.
20. What can we learn f rom what the speaker said?
A. Riding saves her a lot of money.
B. Riding is good for her daily life and her health.
C. Riding is her favourite sport.
二、单项填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
从A、B、 C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
21. Britain is European country. It is also island country.
A. an; a B. the; an C. a; an D. a n; an
22. 一Mum,why must I stop a rest?
一Playing computer games is bad for your eyes.
A. having; too much B. having; too many
C. to have; too much D. to have; too many
23. 一He's never been late for school, he?
一 ,he always arrives at school on time.
A. is; Yes B. has; No. C. has; Yes D. is; No
24. Many people do not realize the importance of health they have fallen ill.
A. since B. until C. while D. after
25. The books by Guo Jingming well.
A. written; sell B. is written; sells C. wr itten; sells D. are written; sell
26. 一How much should I on this radio?
一Fifty pounds enough.
A. spend; are B. pay; is C. cost; is D. spend; is
27. my father my mother are able to drive a car. So they often take turns to drive me to school.
A. Neither; nor B. Both; and C. Either; or D. Not only; but also
28. It's generous them to donate money to UNICEF. It's important them to help
poor children go to school.
A. to; for B. for; of C. of; to D. of; for
29. 一Has Tom finished reading his book yeti
一I've no idea, but he it the whole morning.
A. read B. was reading C. has done D. would read
30. I found her greatly after watching the football games.
A. excited; excited B. exciting; excited
C. exciting; exciting D. exc ited; exciting
31. Alice enjoys keeping in touch her parents writing often.
A. with; of B. by; on C. with; by D. with; on
32. 一Where is Mr. Black? I haven't seen him for a long time.
一He Switzerland. He there for several months.
A. has gone to; has been to B. has gone to; has be en
C. has been to; has been D. has been to; has gone
33. I think we must give up using plastic bags to our earth.
A. produce B. protect C. provide D. pollute
34. He told me that he wasn't used to by plane and he used to sick a lot.
A. travelling; feel B. travel; feeling C. travel; feel D. travelling; feeling
35. 一The 31 st Olymic Games this summer in Brazil.
一Yes. And many sports and cultural events at the same time.
A. will hold; will take place B. will be held; will be taken place
C. will hold; will be taken place D. will be held; will take place
36. 一How long your parents ?
一For about twenty years.
A. did; marry B. have; married
C. have; got married D. have; been married
37. Our government has made a new law. People will down many trees.
A. stop to cut B. be stopped to cut
C. stop from cutting D. be stopped from cutting
38. The match was really fantastic, when Sam scored in the last minute.
A. especially B. exactly C. probably D. mostly
39. A lot of money at the charity show,but the cost of living a lot, so we still need to do much work to help the disabled people.
A. rose; were raised B. was raised; were raised
C. rose; has risen D. was raised; has risen
40. 一If I work hard at my lessons from now on,can I do well in them?
一Sure.
A. All rivers run into the sea. B. Every day is not Sunday.
C. Better late than never. D. Many hands make light work.
三、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
BEIJING-The sky is grey and the air smells strange. It's another day of smog.
On Saturday,heavy haze(霾)still covered north and east China. Highways were closed and
41 couldn't take off on time.
The smoggy weather affected the country' s land from north to south 42 Beijing,Hebei,
Shandong,and 6 other provinces. People could only see clearly 43 than 50 meters in some areas.
Cities 44 Shanghai and Nanjing have been covered by the grey sky for the past several days. Many walkers in the street had to wear 45 . In the airport in Nanjing,more than 60 flights were canceled(取消)on Saturday 46 the haze, which also made schools stop 47 on Thursday and Friday in Nanjing.
The office worker of Environmental Protection said earlier this week that there were several main reasons behind the widespread haze: unpleasant weather conditions making 48 difficult for smog to disappear, motor vehicle exhaust(尾气),and coal use for winter heating.
To fight pollution,the Chinese government now plans to clean up the air by cutting coal use,
49 some factories,and removing 6 million old cars from the roads.
“We must face up to the facts,” said Yan Naiqiang, a professor of environmental science at
Shanghai Jiao Tong University. “The treatment of smog will be a long fight. From now on,if we use buses or cars less and do 50 riding,we believe a clear sky is not a faraway dream.”
41. A. coaches B. trains C. flights D. double-deckers
42. A. include B. including C. includes D. included
43. A. less B. better C. farther D. nearer
44. A. in B. like C. around D. outside
45. A. hats B. gloves C. sunglasses D. masks
46. A. besides B. except C. because of D. for
47. A. classes B. rest C. work D. shopping
48. A. that B. this C. one D. it
49. A. close B. closing C. open D. opening
50. A. m uch B. more C. many D. most
四、阅读理解(共12小题;每小题2分,满分24分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Have you ever had the flu(流感)?If you have, you know how bad it can make you feel. Most
kids will get the flu sometime during their school years.
When you have t he flu,you usually get a fever which can be high,have a cough,feel very tired,
and may have a sore throat(喉咙痛)as well. It can make you feel sick for a few days or for as long as a week. Sometimes,it can be hard to tell if you have the flu or a cold, but with the flu,you'll usually have a higher fever and feel much worse.
The flu is a type of virus(病毒),which means medicine will only help the symptoms such as the cough and fever. For most kids,the flu comes and goes, but for some,it can be a serious illness.Most kids get the flu in winter because germs(细菌)spread more easily when kids are indoors such as classrooms.
The best way to stop from getting the flu is to wash your hands often,and go to your doctor for the flu shot(注射)or mist(喷雾).
51. What does the underlined word “symptoms” mean in the passage?
A. Viruses. B. Colds. C. Signs. D. Medicines.
52. According to the writer, which of the followi ng is true?
A. The flu always comes with stomach pains.
B. Most kids get the flu in winter.
C. Most kids don't even realize they have the flu.
D. The flu can't spread from one person to another easily.
53. Which of the following would not help you in stopping the flu?
A. Getting the flu shot. B. Washing your hands often.
C. Getting the flu mist. D. Staying in the classroom.
54. According to the passage , the writer probably(很可能)agrees that .
A. the flu is not really a virus
B. medicine doesn't help a lot if you have the flu
C. medicine will not be able to kill the flu
D. medicine will not help your fever or sore throat
B
Life comes in a package(包、捆).This package includes happiness and sadness, failure and success,hope and despair(绝望).Life is a learning process. Experiences in life teach us new lessons and make us a better person. With each passing day we learn to deal with all kinds of situations.
Love plays a main role in our life. Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person could become cruel(残忍的).In the early stage(阶段)of our life , our parents are the ones who show us with love and care. They teach us about what is ri ght and wrong,good and bad. But we don't always care about it. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands others' feelings.
Happiness can bring people a peaceful mind. No mind is happy without peace. Sadness is the cause of the death of a loved one or the failure. But all of these things will pass away.
Failure is the way to success. It helps us to touch the sky, teaches us to survive and shows us a specific way. Success brings in money, pride and self-respect(自尊).
Hope is what keeps life going. Parents always hope their children will do well. Hope makes us dream. Hope builds in patience. Life teaches us not to despair even in the darkest hour, because after every night there is a day.
Life teaches us not to regret(后悔)over yesterday, for it has passed and is out of our contr ol. Tomorrow is unknown, for it could either be bright or dark. So the only choice(选择)is to work hard today, so that we will enjoy a better tomorrow.
55. We usually have to accept if we want to be successful.
A. love B. failure C. sadness D. hope
56. In which section(栏目)can readers probably read the passage?
A. Business B. Travel C. Lifestyles D. Education
57. What's the meaning of the last sentence of the whole passage?
A. When choosing between“today”and“tomorrow”,you'd better enjoy tomorrow.
B. If you work hard today,you'll have a better life in the future.
C. What you can only choose is to work hard today rather than tomorrow.
D. The only choice you make is that you should enjoy a better tomorrow.
58. What's the purpose of the passage?
A. To encourage people to love each other.
B. To te ll people how to deal with happiness and sadness.
C. To give readers some information about life.
D. To remind people to keep having a beautiful dream.
C
More and more families like to keep dogs as pets. But not all dog owners think of others while they are walking their dogs. So many towns and cities around the world face a mess of left-behind feces(粪便)from dogs.
In February 2014, a town in France started a new project to teach dog owners a lesson. The government sent about 20 volunteers to search the streets carefully,looking for people who wouldn' t clean up after their dogs. Once they found one,they would then move nearer to the pet owner, and start a talk in order to get the dog's name. “With the name of the dog and its type,we can easily discover(发现)the owner from the registered(登记)database(信息库)held in the town hall,”an officer(官员)explained. The volunteers would then pick up the dog feces and the package would be posted to the pet owner's house. In the past few months, th e town has seen a 70% decrease(减少)in the amount(总数)of dog feces left on public streets.
Maybe many cities in our country can follow its example. In this way there will be fewer complaints about dog owners in China in the near future.
59. Which of the following is the right order?
①The dog owner told the volunteer his dog's name.
②The dog owner registered his dog's information in the town hall.
③The dog owner received the package with his dog's feces.
④The dog owner wouldn't clean up after his dog in public streets.
A. ①②③④ B.②①③④ C.④①②③ D.②④①③
60. The underlined word “complaints”in the last paragraph probably means“ ”.
A.赞扬 B.抱怨 C.拥护 D.模仿
61. What can we learn from the passage?
A. There are more left-behind feces from dogs in France than other countries.
B. France is a country with the most dogs in the world.
C. The amount of dog feces left on public streets in the French town now is only 30% as much as that a few months ago.
D. The French government has completely solved the problem of left-behind feces from dogs in its country.
62. The writer wrote this passage to .
A. introduce a useful way to solve the problem of left-behind feces from dogs
B. invite people to visit the French town with good environment
C. make more people register their dogs in the database held in the town hall
D. play a trick on dog owners so that they may stop keeping dogs as pets
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共74分)
五、词汇检测 根据句意或括号内所给提示写出句中所缺的单词,每空一个单词.(共10小题,每小题1分,满分10分)
63. Some /'medikl/ teams were sent to the disaster areas in time.
64. You should speak to the elderly /pә'latli/.
65. Smoking too much is /'ha: mf1/ to our health.
66. His shirt is the same size as (我的).
67. Celine Dion is a famous (加拿大的)singer. Her song, My Heart Will Go On
touches the whole world.
68. I have (解释)this to him several times. But he still can't understand it.
69. You can come to my hometown in any season (除了)summer.
70. 一I think it's your last to enter this company. Don't miss it.
一I will catch it.
71. 一Is Tom good at typing on the computer?
一Yes,he is. And he doesn't need to look at the while typing.
72. 一How long can I the book?
一For two weeks. And you mustn't lend it to others.
六、动词填空 用所给动词的适当形式填空(共7小题,79题2分,其余每题1分,满分8分)
73. In the past, most of people in the town (ride) the bike to work.
74. Martina says she will do what she can (save) Kitty' s life.
75. The bridge between Changshu and Nantong (build ) many years ago.
76. Some people like to add some sugar while (drink ) black tea.
77. Basic education should (provide) for each child in our country.
78. The country life he was used to (change) greatly since 1992.
79. 一 you (see) my glasses? I can't read without them.
一I (see ) them on the desk,but they are not there now.
七、句型转换(共6小题;每空格0. 5分,最后一题1分,满分7分)
80. The family didn't have enough money to buy him a new computer.(同义句)
The f amily to buy him a new computer.
81. I joined the club three years ago.(改为同义句)
It three years I the club.
82. People will separate the rubbish into different groups.(改为被动语态)
The rubbish into different groups.
83. Peter failed the English exam again because of his carelessness.(对划线部分提问)
Peter the English exam again?
84. A Grade 9 student at No. 2 Middle School needs our help.(对划线部分提问)
needs our help?
85. people, greet, a, kiss, friends, close, relatives, British, or, only, with,(.)(连词成句)
八、翻译句子(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
86. 那个孩子生下来就有智力缺陷。
87. 学生家长们不允许在图书馆里抽烟。
88. 你的叔叔离开家乡多久了?
89. 汤姆做家庭作业不如他的表弟仔细。
90. 我有时侯和我的祖父母交流有些困难。
九、阅读表达(共3小题,满分6分)
Dream House in California is not a house for only one or two children. It is one for many children. It's a family.
Imagine living on a cold street because there is no other place to stay. These children need a home. They need Dream house.
Once upon a time a little girl named Collin Rose decided to offer a warm home to these sick and homeless children. When she grew up,she became a nurse and made her dream come true. In November, 2003,Collin Rose set up Dream house.
Collin Rose's efforts(努力)have encouraged many people to help sick and homeless children.
“Every child should have a happy childhood. We may help make these children' s lives better.
Your small help can help them change their lives greatly. No help is too small!” Collin Rose said.
91. Where is Dream House?(1分)
92. What was Collin Rose's job when she grew up?(2分)
93. Would you like to help others? Why or why not?(3分)
十、书面表达(满分15 分)
暑假生活就要开始了,学校德育处要向学生发出倡议,希望大家度过一个充实的暑假,请你以“Have a Wonderful Summer Holiday”为题,结合以下要点,每个要点可以适当发挥,用英语写一篇90字左右的征文(开头已给出,不计入总数)。
快乐而有意义的暑假 1.读几本好书;
2.进行一次旅行;
3.帮助他人,参加志愿者活动;
4.文明有礼,保护环境;
Have a Wonderful Summer Holiday!
The summer holiday is coming. If you want to have a wonderful time,here is some useful advice for you.
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为即将到来期末考试,同学们要如何准备呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于初二英语下册期末试卷,希望会对大家有所帮助。
第Ⅰ卷答案
1-5、DCAAC 6-10、DCCBD 11-15、CCBBD
16-20、ABCDA 21-25、CDACB 26-30、CABCA
31-35、CBCCB 36-40 、DACCB 41-45、CAEBD
第Ⅱ卷答案
Ⅰ
A. 1、tourists 2、reminds 3、longest 4、lying 5、not follow
B. 6、Look through 7、instead of 8、at birth
9、in order to 10、argued with
C. 11、happened,to 12、How, high 13、cleverer,students
14、if, doesn’t 15、has,had
D. 16、What bad news it is!(How bad the news is!)
17、How do you often learn English?
18、Do you agree with me?
19、Do you take notes in English class?
20、I’ll do it from now on.
Ⅱ、作文略
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在即将到来的初二英语下册期末考试,同学们要如何准备呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于2017年初二英语下册的期末试题,希望会对大家有所帮助。
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英语的学习重在积累,所谓厚积而薄发,才能显示真正的实力与内涵。下面是读文网小编为大家带来的关于七年级英语下册期末语法练习题,供大家参考。
数词
1. twelfth 2. ninth 3. hundred 4. fifty-two 5. eightieth
一般将来时
1. am going to take/will take 2. isn’t going to buy/won’t buy 3. Are; going to visit 4. Shall; take 5. will be
名词所有格和物主代词
1. Tom’s; hers 2. children’s 3. your 4. students’ 5. my; his
冠词
1. a 2. the; the 3. /; the 4. a; The 5. The; the 6. an; /
方位介词
1-5 FTFFT 6-8 FFT
一般过去时
Ⅰ. 1. visited 2. lived 3. had 4. did 5. saw 6. went 7. were 8. went 9. bought 10. read
Ⅱ. 1. wasn’t any 2. didn’t wear 3. Did; feel; did 4. How long did; stay 5. What did; put
情态动词
Ⅰ. 1. can 2. can’t 3. Can; can; can’t 4. Could; couldn’t; can 5. Could; couldn’t; can
Ⅱ. 1. Could I turn the air conditioner off 2. May I have the menu 3. May we help you 4. Can I use your pen
5. Can you be / keep
感叹句
1. How delicious 2. What amazing news 3. What an interesting story 4. What nice 5. How brave
形容词
Ⅰ. 1. friendly 2. funny 3. exciting 4. careful 5. noisy
Ⅱ. 1. David is a careless driver.
2. They live in a new house.
3. We have a good time at school.
4. Do you work in this tall building?
5. May I borrow your yellow coat?
6. The islands have high mountains and long beaches.
7. Is it interesting to fly kites in autumn?
8. The girl looks beautiful in that red dress.
复合不定代词
Ⅰ. 1-5 BCCBD
Ⅱ. 1. Nobody 2. Something 3. Somebody 4. anybody 5. something
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初中语法要如何学习才能提高英语成绩呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于初中英语语法学习口诀荟萃,希望会对大家有所帮助。
一. 知识口诀化,朗朗上口,得心应手。
“顺口溜”的特有韵律会使抽象、烦琐的词语和语法知识、规则化难为易,便于记忆,增强了学生的学习热情和学习信心,学生的学习成绩会直线上升,有的记忆深刻,甚至会终生难忘。
如:
1.最初的简单动词的学习。
来是come,去是go。点头yes,摇头no。再见要用goodbye,谢谢要说thank you。
2.关于Be的用法:BTH
我用am,你用 are,is用在他、她、它,凡是复数都用are。不能错来,不能差。
3.关于冠词的使用:BTH
不见原因(元音),别施恩(n)。
4.不用冠词的部分情况:BTH
季节、月份、节假日,三餐、球类和星期。
5.以-fe结尾变复数只加s的单词:
gulf roof chief serf blief proof handkerchief
海湾边,屋顶上,首领奴仆两相望,谁说他们无信仰,证据写在手帕上。
6.复习以-f (e)结尾的名词变复数:
leaf half self wife knife shelf wolf
thief
树叶半数自己黄,妻子拿刀去割粮,
架后窜出一只狼,就像强盗逃命忙。
7.关于以o 结尾的单词变复数加es的情况:
Negro hero tomato potato
黑人英雄吃土豆和西红柿。
8.关于非延续性动词:
begin leave go borrow come return join die buy arrive
开始离去,借来还,出生入死,买到家。
9.过去时:
过去时的句子变化口诀:过去时,时过去。过去事态是否是,过去时间是标志。否定句很简单,did之后not添。疑问句也不难,did置于主语前。过去置于动词前,谓语动词需还原。
巧记动词过去时形式-ed的变化:
(1)变化规则:动词变化很好记,一般末尾加-ed。如果词尾e有个紧跟其后加个d。辅音字母加y,要y把变i,特殊变化有熟记,保你一定考第一。
(2)读音规则:
清(清辅音)读清[t],浊读浊[d],[t][d]后面读[id]。
10.关于基数词的书写:
基数词不难记,12以内词各异,13数到19级,teen莫丢弃。20、30到90, 尾随ty是整十,说到几使几,中有 “—”要强记,遇到整百要警惕。
11.关于基数词变序数词:
基变序,有规律,123肩靠肩。8去e,9去t, ve要用f替,辅(音)后y, y→ie,th结尾莫大意,若遇数字几十几,只变个位就可以。
12.修饰名词的大致词序排列:
(A.)美圆小旧黄,法国木书房。“美” 代表描述性的词, “圆”代表形状, “小” 代表大小, “旧” 代表新旧、年龄, “黄” 代表颜色, “法国” 代表产地 “木” 代表质地 “书” 代表名词性定语说明用途。如:
(1*.)The first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge.
第一座美丽的中国小白石桥。
(2*.)A tall intelligent young Chinese officer.
一个聪慧的个子很高的年轻的中国军官。
(B.)或者用:BTH中国英语学习网
县官行令,杀国才;植树苗,大新颜。
县(限定词)官(冠词)行(形容词)令(表年龄的词),杀国(表产地的词)才(材料);植(指示代词)树(数词)苗(描述性的词),大(表大小的词)新(表新旧的词)颜(表颜色的词)。
如:
(1*.)A few new major urban highways.
几条新的主要城区公路。
(2*.)Some sour green eating apple.
一些酸绿的食用苹果。
13.关于被动语态的使用:
动作谁做的不知道,说出谁做没必要。
接受动作要强调,被动语态最为妙。
14.关于五种简单句:
英语句子万万千,五大句型把线牵。
句子中间为动词,后接语是关键。
系动词后接表语,vi独身无牵连。
vt又可分三类,单宾双宾最常见。
15.双元音也好背,合口集中八个位。
辅音共计二十八,七浊一清又八对。
四个连对也包括,有气无声清辅音。
有声无气浊辅音,发音特点应掌握。
16. 使役动词后接动词不定式做宾语补足语省略“to”的特殊动词:
一些动词要掌握,一听hear,二看see watch三感觉feel, make let help[2],再加动词不带to,help是个两面派,其他动词非这块。还可以掌握“八字言”一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch 后只接动名词。
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在中考即将到来之际,同学们要如何学习语法呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于初中英语语法巧记口诀,希望会对大家有所帮助。
一、冠词基本用法
【速记口诀】
名词是秃子,常要戴帽子,
可数名词单,须用a或an,
辅音前用a, an在元音前,
若为特指时,则须用定冠,
复数不可数,泛指the不见,
碰到代词时,冠词均不现。
【妙语诠释】冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一,也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有:①名词在一般情况下不单用,常常要和冠词连用;②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,确指时要用定冠词the;③如复数名词表示泛指,名词前有this,these,my,some等时就不用冠词。
二、名词单数变复数规则
【速记口诀】
单数变复数,规则要记住,
一般加s,特殊有几处:
/s/结尾,es不离后,
末尾字母o,大多加s,
两人有两菜,es不离口,
词尾f、fe,s前有v和e;
没有规则词,必须单独记。
【妙语诠释】 ①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s,但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch,sh,s,x等结尾),则一般加es;②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro,hero)两菜(tomato,potato)加es外,其余一般加s;③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f,fe变为ve再加s;④英语中还有些单词没有规则,需要特殊记忆,如child—children,mouse—mice,deer—deer,sheep—sheep,Chinese—Chinese,ox—oxen,man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—teeth。
三、名词所有格用法
【速记口诀】
名词所有格,表物是“谁的”,
若为生命词,加“’s”即可行,
词尾有s,仅把逗号择;
并列名词后,各自和共有,
前者分别加,后者最后加;
若为无生命词,of所有格,
前后须倒置,此是硬规则。
【妙语诠释】 ①有生命的名词所有格一般加s,但如果名词以s结尾,则只加“’”;②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时,分别加“’s”,如果是共有,则只在最后名词加“’s”;③如果是无生命的名词则用of表示所有格,这里需要注意它们的顺序与汉语不同,A of B要翻译为B的A。
四、接不定式作宾语的动词
【速记口诀】
三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝;
设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。
【妙语诠释】 三个希望两答应:hope,wish,want,agree,promise
两个要求莫拒绝:demand,ask,refuse
设法学会做决定:manage,learn,decide
不要假装在选择:petend,choose
五、接动名词作宾语的动词
【速记口诀】
Mrs. P Black missed a beef bag. (P·布莱克夫人丢了一个牛肉袋。)
【妙语诠释】 该句话中每个字母代表了一个动词或短语,这些动词要求后面跟动名词作宾语。这些动词分别是:
M=mind, r=risk, s=succeed in,P=practice,B=be busy, l=look forward to,a=admit,c=can’t help, k=keep on, m=miss,i=insist on,s=suggest,s=stop,e=enjoy,d=delay,
a=avoid,b=be worth,a=advise,g=give up。
六、不定式作宾语补足语时省to的动词
【速记口诀】
一感,二听,三让,四看,半帮助
【妙语诠释】 一感:feel;二听:hear,listen to;三让:make,let,have;四看:see,notice,watch,ob-serve;半帮助:help。
七、形容词和副词比较等级用法
【速记口诀】
1. 比较级与最高级:两者比较than相连,三者比较the在前。
2.同级比较:同级比较用原形,as…as永不离;as…as加not,只言两者是同一,若是not so…as,后强前弱不看齐。
【妙语诠释】 ①比较级通常和than连用,而最高级通常跟有定冠词the;②同级比较一般用as…as表示“与…一样”,这时谁强谁弱不能比较出来,而not so…as则表示后者比前者强,翻译为“不如……”。
八、反意疑问句用法
【速记口诀】
反意问句三要点,前后谓语正相反;
短句not如出现,必须缩写是习惯;
最后一点应注意,短句主语代词填。
【妙语诠释】 ①反意疑问句的构成应该是“肯定的陈述句+否定的疑问”或“否定的陈述句+肯定的疑问”;②在短句中not必须与do,will,can等组成缩写形式;③在简短问句中,疑问句的主语必须是代词,而不能用名词形式。
九、感叹句用法
【速记口诀】
感叹句,并不难,what、how放句前;
强调名词用what,其余用how很简单。
【妙语诠释】 由what引导的感叹句一般修饰名词,而how引导的感叹句一般修饰形容词、副词或句子。
十、宾语从句用法
【速记口诀】
宾语从句须注意,几点事项应牢记。
一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
【妙语诠释】宾语从句应注意三点:①引导词,陈述句一般由that引导,这时的that可以省略;一般疑问句则由if或whe-ther引导;而特殊疑问句则由特殊疑问词引导。②时态,主句是现在时态,从句可用所需要的任何时态;但如果主句是过去时态,从句时态所表示时间一般往前移一个时间段。③语序,宾语从句永远要用陈述句顺序。
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初一英语上册语法与句型的知识点都有哪些呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于初一英语上册语法与句型知识点,希望会对大家有所帮助。
be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀:
"我"用am, "你"用are, is用于"他、她、它";单数全都用is,复数全部都用are。
一.人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)
1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
二.基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数)
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。
三.一般疑问句及特殊疑问句
1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。
2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。
四.可数名词变复数
可数名词变复数时,有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1、规则变化:
1)一般情况直接在词尾加"-s ",如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;
2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加"-es ",如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加"-es ",如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;
4)部分以f (e)结尾的词,变f (e)为"ves ",如:knife-knives, half-halves等;
5)以o结尾的词,加"-s "或"-es ",如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀:除了"英雄"hero外,凡是能吃的,加"-es ",不能吃的加"-s "。
2、不规则变化:
1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等;
2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等;
3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。
五.简单句的成分及主谓一致原则
最基本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当。
主谓一致原则,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数(简称"三单"
")时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非"三单"时,谓语动词就用原形。实意动词变"三单"的规则如下:
1)一般动词在词尾加"-s ",如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;
2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加"-es ",如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;
3)以o结尾的动词一般加"-es ",如:do-does, go-goes等;
4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加"-而是",如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;
5)have的三单形式是has。
六.冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词)
冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种。
1、定冠词the表示"特指",可译为"这个"、"那个"、"这些"、"那些"。
2、不定冠词a, an用来表明(可数)名词的数量是"一个"。an用于以元音开头(注意不是以元音字母开头)的单词前,a则英语非元音开头的单词前。
3、不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是:不定冠词不是刻意强调"数量",而基数词则强调"数量"。
七.助动词(do, does )的用法
只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词。以like为例:
1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及"主谓一致"原则。
eg : I like English a lot.
Michael likes Chinese food very much.
2)当句子为否定句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为"三单"时,要使用does;当主语为"非三单"时,用助动词原形do。例如把下列句子变否定句:
Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.
They like sports.------They don't like sports.
3)当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句:
Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.
Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music? Yes, they do./ No, they don't.
八.名词所有格
1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk; Ann's and Maria's bikes;
2、用of表示"......的",但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书)
3、have与of的区别:
have一般表示"主动拥有",往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能"主动拥有",表示所属关系时要用of。例如:
I have a new bike. She has two big eyes.
a door of the house
看过初一英语上册语法与句型知识点的还看了:
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如何才能更好地学习好英语呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于初二英语学习的五大误区,希望会对大家有所帮助。
一、因怕犯错误而不敢开口。
学习水平低,但学习的信心和勇气一点都不能少。要提高学习成绩,就要多开口,就要敢于犯错误。语言水平提高的过程,就是不断犯错误的过程。学英语,简单地说,就是学说话。不开口显然不会犯错误,但永远也就没有进步的可能。有句很著名的话说:“畏惧错误就等于毁灭进步!”这话对语言的学习班来说是颇有哲理的。
二、阅读训练时,阅读测试正确率低是因为读速太快。
如果读完一篇材料后进行阅读测试,发现阅读的正确率的上升,就断然决定降低读速,这是不科学的。其一是因为不符合阅读训练的真正目的,二是阅读正确率还与许多其他的因素有关,如文章难等。换句话说,在这种情况下,读速再慢慢已与正确率的高低关系不大了。
相反地,为了提高阅读水平,就必须进行广泛而大量的阅读,这样做的前提就是要进行快速阅读。
三、背会了单词就等于能正确地拼写。
把单词公在一个个字母背熟并不能代表可以正确地拼写出来。在单词的记忆中,要把读音、拼写和用法融为一体,同步进行,也就是我们常说的“眼口手脑并用”。同时,为了加强记忆最好将之应用到句子里面。
四、背熟了语法规则,考试成绩提高就会有望。
受这种思想的支配,平日学习中就会常常大量背语法,具体进行语言实践时,也总是死抠语法,最终导致考试成绩一直不理想。这样做与现行的考纲或语言的发展趋势背道而驰,同时也忽视了语言的实践性和综合性。
五、“书面表达”写不出来,是因为单词记得少。
面对具体的书面表达题无从下笔或写不出来,就错误的认为是单词记得少,那就试着直接阅读别人的短文或参考文,看能有多少单词是自己不知道、没记住的,想念一定会有新的认识。另一方面,即使把与文章有关的所有单词都能写出来,然而却难以找到一人完整的句子,那么在 NMET 书面表达满分 30 分的情况 下,根据评分标准这种档次最多也超不过 3 分。事实上,不断培养和加强语感,树立句子运用意识是尤为重要的。
总之,学英语要想取得进步,就要大量地运用于实践,走出“五大误区”,定会找到成功之路的。
看过初二英语学习的五大误区的还看了:
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初二英语上册知识点都有哪些呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于初二英语上册知识点全盘梳理,希望会对大家有所帮助。
1. have fun doing sth.
2. Why don’t you…?
3. We’re going to do sth.
4. start with sth.
5. Why not…?
6. Are you going to…?
7. be friendly to sb.
8. You’d better do sth.
9. ask sb. for sth.
10. say goodbye to sb.
11. Good luck(with sb)!
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