为您找到与八中联考高三相关的共200个结果:
注意事项:
答卷前,考生务必将白己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上.并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用统一提供的2B铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A后的方框涂黑。
选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用统一提供的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮檫干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
完成句子和短文写作班的作答:用统一提供的签字笔将答案直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。
考生必须保持答改卡的整洁。考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
本试卷共11页,满分135分,考试时间120分钟
It's a small gas station that has snacks, drinks, cigarettes and candies. The young man behind thecounter knows his l by name and what they normally want to buy. He treats children andadults with equal 2 He reads scicnce fiction behind the counter when business is 3 .
One day, three people rushed in and grabbed food off the shelves as fast as they could, 4 not intending to pay for it. He hit the “panic button”, then went over the counter and locked the front door. It was obvious they were homeless, and equally obvious that they weren't going anywhere with their ill-gotten gains. They 5 the food and simply crowded together in panic --- knowing the police were on the way.
Imagine what they must have felt like when they were told they didn't have to steal if they were 6 .“We have food in the back, expired but still Safe to eat. If you need food, you can have some.”
They Were told to pick up what they had dropped and put it back, and then asked to straighten out the mess. They were doing just that when the police arrived. The officers were told the situation was under control and the police were no longer7
This wasn't what they had 8 .They were being treated as human beings who could right the wrong they'd done 9 ,they quickly followed orders to take turns and use the restroom to 10 up.
Soon three 1l people walked out with all the 12 their arms could hold. They were 13 that, if they needed to come back again, they were to ask and not just grab.
And then the young man went back to read until the next customer came in. He would be the last person in the world to claim he was a/an 14 But he gave three people something they were in desperate need of--- a small amount of self-respect and a little bit of 15 .
1.A. passengers B. guests C. customers D. friends
2.A. respect B. pride C. wisdom D. imagination
3. A. busy B. swift C. heavy D. slow
4. A. bravely B. obviously C. hardly D. reasonably
5. A. hid B. lifted C. dropped D. swallowed
6. A. hungry B. cautious C. courageous D. anxious
7. A. popular B. necessary C. reliable D. important.
8. A. wanted B. desired C. expected. D. admired
9. A. Shocked B. Scared C. Delighted D. Frightened
10. A. ring B. dress C. look D. clean
11. A. dirtier B. cleaner C. cleverer D. quicker
12. A. money B. cigarettes C. drinks D. food
13. A. warned B. reminded C. ordered D. persuaded
14. A. hero B. figure C. expert D. adviser
15. A. encouragement B. expectation C. pressure D. hope
第二节语法填空(共l0小题;每小题l.5分,满分l5分)
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卷标号为16~25的相应位置上。
Lu Wenfei, 22, is a senior student majoring in broadcasting and TV. engineering at the Communication University of China.
She enjoys chatting with her friends or playing Texas Hold 'em Poker on her iPad over this festive season. She plays all night and sleeps 16 the day,“I like to put everything out of my mind- 17 I have a chance to relax,” said the student from Shanghai. "However, I find 18 more exhausted and flat than when I'm studying hard on campus."
With half of her holiday 19 (go), Lu suffered a series of common post-festival syndromes: stress, fatigue and a sense of frustration. Exhausted and a bit concerned about her graduate project and 20 (find) a job, Lu fell ill with 21 fever.
Lots of college students are hit by 22 (anxious) and depression before a new academic session. Too many parties, gaming and fat eating is exhausting. Sina.com has reported that some training agencies 23 (offer) tutorial service to help the youth to shift from "holiday mode" to"study mode".
Zhang Sheng, 19, 24 is right into watching live English Premier League soccer until 3 or 4 o'clock in the morning, or following the popular British teen drama, Skins, is wondering 25 he can throw off his blue holiday mood.
II. 阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D顼中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
For shopoholies, the post-Christmas period means only one thing --- sales! Across the country,prices are reducing sharply on clothing, electronics, home furnishings and more, but London is the place for serious shopping, and you can certainly pick up some amazing bargains.
The sales start on Boxing Day---26th December, and continue for the month of January, but the keenest bargain hunters get there early to be first through the doors. In Oxford Street queues formed outside shops ahead of pre-dawn openings for the start of their sales. At Brent Cross, in north London,more than 1,000 people were queuing at 3:30 a.m. for the "Next" clothing store's sale which began at 4 a. m. Some eager individuals even camped outside the shops to be first in the line.
Consumers who hit the shops were rewarded with discounts of as much as 80% as department stores joined the sales frenzy. The shops are absolutely crowded as the sales get into full swing, with more than half a million people gathering on London's West End.
Famous sales include the biggest, most popular shops such as Harrods, Selfridges, Liberty and John Lewes. Department stores are always a good bet ---you're likely to find everything you need under one roof, including much-needed food and drinks!
It's a good time to stock up on cheap gadgets, and there's no better time to invest in some designer clothes.
Some people are taking their partners shopping with them, and buying their Christmas presents in the sales --- a practical but unromantic way of making sure you get the gift you really want, For a less exciting but less stressful shopping experience, online sellers are also getting into the act with January sales of their own.
The most organized of all are those who are already doing their present shopping for next Christmas, in the January sales!
26. All of the following are included in the sales except__________
A. fashionable clothing B. bestsellers C. TV sets D. bookcases
27. We can learn from the passage that the sales___________
A. actually start before the end of December
B. generally last for two months
C. basically benefit all the people
D. are a time to buy Christmas gifts in a romantic way
28. Which of the following is NOT involved in the sales?
A. Individual consumer.
B. Department stores.
C. People who are doing the present shopping for next Christmas.
D. Online shoppers.
29. The underlined phrase "hit the shops" in the third paragraph means" ______"
A. attack the shops B. arrive at the shops
C. affect the shops D. find the shops
30. What is the best title for this passage?
A. January Sales B. Sales in London at Christmas
C. Practical but Unromantic Shopping D. Shopping under One Roof
B
Would you believe that the first outstanding deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman? His name was Laurent Clerc. He became a friend of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and together they founded America' s first school for the deaf.
Laurent Clerc was born in a small village near Lyons, France, on December 26, 1785. When he was one year old, he fell into a fire, losing both his hearing and his sense of smell.
At 12, Laurent entered the Royal Institution for the Deaf in Paris where he excelled in his studies. After he graduated, the school asked him to stay on as an assistant teacher.
Meanwhile, in America, Thomas Hopkins Galaudet was studying to be a minister. He was very concerned about the lack of educational opportunities for the deaf. Therefore, in 1815, Gallaudet sailed to London, England to seek ideas on how to teach deaf people. While he was there, he met a French educator of the deaf who invited him to go to Paris to spend three months learning at the Royal Institution for the Deaf, the school where Lauren Clerc was teaching. Gallaudet accepted the offer. The two men worked and studied well together. When the time came for Gallaudet to return, he asked Clerc to come with him. Clerc accepted on one condition: that he would stay in America only a short time.
The two men set sail on June 1816. The voyage across the Atlantic Ocean took 52 days; however,Clere and Gallaudet put the time to good use. Clerc studied English, and Gallaudet studied sign language. They discussed the school for the deaf which they planned to open. On the long trip, they had many conversations about education and deafness. The year after they arrived, they founded a school for the deaf in Harford, Connecticut.
At the school, Clerc led a busy life. He taught signs to Principal Gallaudet; he taught the pupils;and he taught hearing men who came to the school to study deaf education.
In 1819, Clerc married Eliza Crocker Boardman, one of his pupils. They had six children. He retired from teaching in 1858. Although he had intended to return to France, he never did. He died on July 18, 1869 in the United States.
31. Why did Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet sail to London?
A. He needed to finish his studies to become a minister.
B. It was the easiest way to get to France.
C. He wanted to study their system of deaf education.
D. He wanted to marry Alice Cogswell.
32. From this passage we can infer that
A. Clerc was an intelligent man
B. Clerc had great difficulty in learning language
C. Clerc married Eliza in order to get his green card
D. Clerc was paid well because he made such important contributions to the society
33. On their trip from Paris to America, Clerc and Gallaudet
A. played cards and studied Spanish
B. studied and discussed their plans for a deaf school
C. founded a school for the deaf
D. Gallaudet studied English and Clerc studied sign language
34. Which is the right order of the things Clerc did?
A. Met Gallaudet, moved to America, got married, went to school in Paris.
B. Met Gallaudet, went to school in Paris, moved to America, got married.
C. Went to school in Paris, met Gallaudet, moved to America, got married.
D. Got married, went to school in Paris, met Galiaudet, moved to America.
35. The main idea of this passage could be best stated as
A. Clerc managed his time well and could teach much information in a short time
B. Thomas Gallaudet was indebted to Clerc for all he taught him
C. Clerc preferred teaching deaf students to hearing students
D. Clerc, an educated Frenchman, had a great impact on American deaf education.
C
They once seemed more at home on the bustling streets of Asia like Delhi, Calcutta and Bangkok but cycle-powered rickshaws can now be seen taking people across town in many European cities.Many people believe that rickshaws are a good way of experiencing a city close-up, while also cutting down on traffic jams and pollution.
In Berlin, one of the first cities to introduce this new mode of transport, more than 200 bike-taxis go along 15 km per hour, past many tourist attractions and city parks.
"It is completely environmenatally friendly; we have new models with an engine to help the driver up the hills but they use renewable energy," said a spokesman for VELOTAX, the leading rickshaw company which has carried a quarter of a million people this year.
While the city still has 7,000 motor-taxis, rickshaw company officials say their taxis' green ethics,speed and safety make them more than just a tourist attraction. While now increasingly out of fashion in Delhi, Berlin people have eagerly accepted the new fleet since their launch in 1997.
"It's better than a taxi, better than a bus, better than the train," said UlfLehman, 36, as he leapt out.of a rickshaw near the world famous Brandenburg gate. "It feels so free."
"This is something out of the ordinary you feel you are on holiday in Bangkok instead of Berlin,"said another traveler.
In Amsterdam, driver Peter Jancso said people like to be driven around in his bright yellow rickshaw and pretend to be a queen in a golden carriage. "I like my passengers to feel important," he said as he dropped another passenger. Another visitor noted how cheap it was compared with a normal taxi.
Although increasingly popular in Europe, it is the opposite in India, where hand-pulled rickshaws are considered inhuman and a symbol of India's backward paSt.
Nearly 500 bike-rickshaws are running in London and are not required to pay the city's road tax but things may change as other taxi drivers complain of unfair treatment.
36. Where are rickshaws becoming more popular?
A. Delhi, Berlin, Paris. B. Amsterdam, Bangkok, Delhi.
C. Athens,London, Berlin. D. Berlin, Amsterdam, London.
37. Why are rickshaws no longer as widely used in India as in the past?
A. They are a reminder of a bad period in India's history.
B. They have been banned because they are too cruel.
C. The streets of India are too crowded for them to move through easlly.
D. Indians now prefer to travel by car because they are richer.
38. What does the underlined sentence "This is something out of the ordinary you feel you are on holiday in Bangkok instead of Berlin"(para.6) suggest?
A..The passenger didn't like taking a rickshaw as it reminded him of Bangkok.
B. The passenger enjoyed being on holiday in Berlin more than in Bangkok.
C. The passenger was impressed when taking a rickshaw and considered it unusual.
D. The passenger disapproved of rickshaws because they were not original to Berlin.
39. Which of the following is mentioned in the text?
A. Rickshaws may need to pay tax for causing traffic jams.
B. Rickshaws and taxis are treated differently in London.
C. Rickshaws will eventually take the place of taxis.
D. Rickshaws will always be a cheap means of transport."
40. What is the author's attitude towards rickshaws?
A. He gives no personal opinion. B. He believe they will be of no use.
C. He thinks they will reduce pollution. D. He thinks they are old-fashioned.
#p#副标题#e#D
In the kitchen of my mother's houses there has always been a wooden stand with a small notepad and a hole for a pencil.
I'm looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother. Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later,the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it can't be the same pencil The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.
"I'm just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years." I say to her, walking back into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. "You still use a pencil. Can't you afford a pen?"
My mother replies a little sharply. "It works perfectly well, I've always kept the stand in the kitchen. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days.,
Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. My mother smiles and says, "One day I was cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. One of the children must have taken the paper. So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back, It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I Was working on."
This story, which happened before I was born, reminds me how extraordinary my mother was,and is also a gifted mathematician. I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work. Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards. Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some penciled marks I recognize as mathematics. Those symbols have traveled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a
cheap wooden breadboard, invisible exhibits at every meal.
41. Why has the author's mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen?
A. To leave messages. B. To list her everyday tasks.
C. To note down maths problems. D. To write down a flash of inspiration.
42. What is the author's original opinion about the wooden stand?
A. It has great value for the family.
B. It needs to be replaced by a better one.
C. It brings her back to her lonely childhood.
D. It should be passed on to the next generation.
43. The author feels embarrassed for____________
A. blaming her mother wrongly
B. giving her mother a lot of trouble
C. not making good use of time as her mother did
D. not making any breakthrough in her field
44. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. The mother is successful in her career.
B. The family members like traveling.
C. The author had little time to play when young.
D. The marks on the breadboard have disappeared.
45. In author's mind, her mother is__________
A. strange in behavior B. keen on her research
C. fond of collecting old things D. careless about her appearance
第二节信息匹配(共5小题;每小题2分,满分l0分)
阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。请将答案填涂在答题卡标号为46~50的相应位置上。
首先,请阅读以下各类网站的信息:
A. www.bbc.co.uk--- the latest information about Britain and from around the world is just a click away at this site. Contains separate section for education, film, sport and business to give the most up-to-date news about any topic as it happens. And best of all, all online services are free!
B. www.chinablog.com --- this is the perfect site for anyone interested about what people in China are thinking about today. Chinablog already hosts the weblogs (blogs-opinion web pages that allow readers to also post comments about the article featured) of over 50,000 people and is growing every day. For a monthly fee of $10 join chinablog and share your opinions with the world.
C. www. alternet.com --- this is a new news and current affairs website containing articles from over 80 different progressive news web-sites from around the world. If you think the major media outlets are not giving you the full story then surf over to altennet.com to find out what's really going on in the world. And if you don't agree with what we say feel free to post a comment saying why.
D. www.youtube. com --- is a website containing literally millions of video clips posted by the site's users. The videos range from people personal home movies to clips from the latest TV show, news reports, and sports events. Viewing video clips is totally free of charge but to upload your own videos registration (also free) is required. Use the site's powerful search engine to find whatever you're looking for in seconds.
E. www, chinadaily.com.cn---The website of China's official English language national newspaper, chinadaily.com.cn has all the stories you will find in China Daily plus much, much more. There are sections on sport, traveling in China, entertainment and news plus our free archives (档案) allows you to search for any article that we have published in the last 10 years.
F. www.myspace.com --- is a free social networking website that allows member to get to know each other and communicate through combination of photos,, webblogs, user profiles, e-mail, web forums, and groups, as well as other media formats. Myspaee is a very active site with over 10 million members, and additions and new features are being added all the time.
请阅读下列人物的信息,然后匹配人物与其拟选择的网站;
46. Jessie was out last night and missed the big football match that was shown on TV. He already knows the result of the match but he would like to see the highlights of the game online.
47. Robert is a university student studying political science and has a great interest in news and politics from around the world. However, he feels that mainstream news sources do not provide balance analysis of most of these stories so he is looking for a site with a different perspective(角度) where he can also voice his own opinions about the topics discussed.
48. Killah is a student planning to travel to China in the summer and wants to find out more about the country, its people and interesting places to visit. Being on a limited budget however, he has no money spare to pay for this kind of information.
49. Jordan is a business analyst with a large financial company. In order to write a report for the general manager he needs the latest data about the performance of the London Stock Exchange.
50. Bluey is a man of many opinions and is interested in what people think about his ideas. He therefore wants to start his own blog where he can tell the world what he thinks and where he can get feedback on his ideas from the readers. However, Bluey is currently unemployed so he can't afford to play for the privilege.
Ⅲ. 写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节基础写作(共1小题,满分l5分)
假设你是Tom,刚收到一封旅居英国的阿姨的来信,她在信中祝贺你被英国诺丁汉大学(Nottingham University)录取,请用英文给她回一封信,告诉她你将于2012年2月到英国,并想麻烦她帮你在大学附近找一住所,条件如下表:
项目 | 原因 | |
位置 | 大学附近 | 骑单车或走路可到达 |
租房方式 | 与另一人合租 | 减少开支 |
公寓要求 | 两房两厅一个厨房。 独立卫生间 | |
合租人情况 | 来自母语是英语的国家(如美 国,澳大利亚,加拿大) | 交朋友;了解外国文化 |
1.只能使用5个句子表达全部内容;文章开头与结尾已给出。
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
句子结构准确,信息内容完整,篇章结构连贯。
Dear Aunt,
Thank you for your congratulations on my acceptance to Nottingham University
.
If there's any apartment suitable, please let me know as soon as possible.
Thanks!
Yours,
Tom
第二节读写任务(共1小题,满分25分)
阅读下面的短文,然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
On Sundays my father always wore that dull gray apron (围裙). The ritual began after breakfast when Dad always announced, "Go ahead everyone. I'll take care of the dishes!" Off came the suit coat he had worn to church that morning. Up went the shirtsleeves. On went that apron. For the next hour Dad did the dishes, singing songs like "Who Put the Chow in Mrs, Murphy's Chowder?"
I suppose it was strange for a boy's father to wear an apron but I never thought much of it until the day that Dad broke with tradition. It was the last Sunday in August.
"Tommy," he said letting my name roll off his tongue. My mind raced ahead of his words: A new bike? A part-time-job?
"There comes a time in every boy's life when he must take on responsibilities."
"Responsibilities?" I asked.
"Yes, It's time you took a greater role in the household." Power tools? Boss my baby brother?
"Starting today, I want you to do the dishes on Sunday morning so your mother and I can work the crossword puzzle together."
"The dishes ! ?"
"Anything wrong with taking over the dishes, son?"
Ask me to run through a rainstorm. Command me to ride the roller coaster-backward.These things I would do. But I could never do those dishes. There was nothing left but to refuse.
People often say there is a special chemistry between a father and a son. He came back into the kitchen just as I was about to storm out. In his right hand was the old apron.
"I want you to have this, Tommy. It'll keep your clothes from getting wet." And before I could mount a protest, he had put the thing on me. "Thanks, Son. Your mother and I appreciate this.".
With that he disappeared into the Sunday paper. Soon I was singing about Mrs. Murphy's chowder. The words came out of nowhere. And out of nowhere I knew the kind of man I wanted to be.
【写作内容】
1.以约30个词概括短文的内容;
2.然后以约120个词表达你对“承担家务责任”的看法,并包括以下要点:
(1)你觉得现在孩子做家务的情况如何;
(2)你认为孩子在家是否需承担家务的责任;
(3)以你自己或他人的体验,说明承担家务责任对孩子成长带来的影响。
【写作要求】
1. 在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事,也可以参照阅读材料的内容,但不得直接引用原文中的句子;
2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,语篇连贯。
参考答案
Ⅰ语言知识及应用
第一节完形填空(共15小题,每小题2分)
1-5 CADBC 6-10 ABCAD ll-15 BDBAD
第二节语法填空(共10小题,每小题l.5分)
16. during 17. when 18. myself 19. gone 20. finding 21. a 22. anxiety 23. have offered 24. who 25. how
Ⅱ.阅读(共25小题,每小题2分)
26-30 BADBA 31-35 CABCD 36-40 DACBA 41-45 DBCAB 46-50 DCEAF
IIl写作
第一节基础写作(共1小题,每小题l5分)
参考范文:
Dear Aunt,
Thank you for your congratulations on my acceptance to Nottingham University!
I'll arrive in England in February, and I'm wondering whether you can help me find an accommodation for me. It'll be better if the location is near the campus, which makes it possible to go to the university by bike or on foot. To reduce the cost, I would like to share an apartment with two rooms and separate toilets, a kitchen and a living room with another student. She/He must be from an English-speaking country, such as America, Australia, Canada and so on. In this
way, I can not only make new friends but also learn more about foreign culture.
If there's any apartment suitable, please let me know as soon as possible.
Thanks!
Yours,
Tom
第二节读写任务(共1小题,每小题25分)
参考范文:
A boy, who used to think housework was an adult's job, was asked to wash dishes. Though surprised and unwilling to do so at first, he finally realized he, too, should take on responsibility in the household.
Nowadays, quite a lot of children take it for granted that their parents do all the chores at home. They are either busy playing games or doing their schoolwork but seldom wash dishes or do the cleaning.
It is, of course, not right for children not to take on any responsibility in the household. As a family member, a child should help with the housework so that their parents can relax themselves after a long day's work. If a child takes his role in the housework, he will become sympathetic and considerate and would like to help others. I used to be rather lazy, not participating in any housework and did not understand my parents' hardship until one day I helped clean the house.
From then on, I find it a pleasure to help others and I am proud to say I have grown to be a person who can take on responsibilities both at home and at school.
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做题时,先将答案划在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题l.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?
A.£19.15. B.£9.15. C.£9.18.
答案是B。
1.How much should the woman pay for the car?
A.200 dollars. B.180 dollars. C.150 dollars.
2.What's the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
A.Boss and secretary. B.Nurse and patient C.Interviewer and interviewee.
3.Where is the woman's mother now?
A.At home. B.In hospital. C.In operation.
4.What do you judge from what the man says?
A.The man is anxious to begin his studies.
B.The man regrets that he was not a good student.
C.The man thinks study is not important.
5.Why would the woman rather stay at the hotel?
A.It costs less money. B.It saves much labor. C.It feels more comfortable.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听每段对话或独白前.你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话,回答第6—8三个小题。
6.Who came out the first in the chess match?
A.Carl. B.David. C.John.
7.How many players did John defeat during the chess match?
A.3. B.12. C.15.
8.What can we learn from the conversation?
A.Carl came out the fifth.
B.David played the worst.
C.Carl and David are usually competitive.
听下面一段对话,回答第9—11三个小题。
9.Where did the dialogue happen most probably?
A.In the president's office. B.In the student library. C.In the student service office.
10.Which kind of flat did the man want to take?
A.A flat near the university.
B.A flat which was cheap.
C.A flat near the Sunshine Bookstore.
11.Why don't they live on the campus this year?
A.They have to experience real life.
B.They don't enjoy living there.
C.No flats are available on the campus.
听下面一段对话,回答第12—14三个小题。
12.Where are the two speakers?
A.In a restaurant. B.At home. C.In the street.
13.What do we know about the man?
A.He hates fast food restaurants.
B.He feels too sick to eat.
C.He thinks fast food is convenient.
14.How many hamburgers have the fast food restaurants sold?
A.More than 100 million.
B.More than 100 billion.
C.More than 200 billion.
听下面一段对话,回答第15—17三个小题。
15.What are the speakers going to do in the coming new year?
A.To stop smoking.
B.To make some resolutions.
C.To lose weight.
16.What did Daniel do last year?
A.He got a good job. B.He stopped smoking. C.He joined a health club.
17.Who wants to have a nice vacation?
A.Henry. B.Daniel. C.Sophia.
听下面一段独白,回答第18—20三个小题。
18.How many students were there in each group?
A.About 12 or 13 students. B.About 10 students. C.About 300 students.
19.Who had the most difficulty in the competition?
A.Fire-makers. B.Washers. C.Cooks.
20.Why has the school been organizing such activities?
A.They want the students to learn how to cook by themselves.
B.They want the students to learn how to cooperate through practice.
C.They want the students to live a colorful life and have fun.
第二部分:词汇知识运用(共两节,满分40分)
第一节:多项选择(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例:To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their___ and weaknesses.
A.strengths B.benefits
C.techniques D.values
答案:A
21.Young people use more web language in their conversations, such as Geili because such language gives them a sense of ____.
A.unity B.identity
C.responsibility D.security
22.Thanksgiving Day offers the Americans an opportunity to join in a spirit of fellowship and express____ for the year's bonuses and blessings.
A.consideration B.resolution
C.appreciation D.reflecti on
23.The pioneers who settled the west in the 1860s had to handle ____ living condition, and severe weather.
A.primitive B.sensitive
C.unique D.fundamental
24.Tom feared to go home after his failure in the exam because the ____ stream of discontent from his parents would drive him crazy.
A.actual B.gradual
C.efficient D.constant
25.I'm terribly sorry to have caused you pain.But it was ____ done.Will you be so generous as to forgive me?
A.unconsciously B.unwillingly
C.sincerely D.normally
26.Family violence against women hasn't caused widespread concern because it is not the Chinese tradition to ____ the family conflicts to outsiders.
A.express B.expose C.enquire D.distribute
27.Drinking water, having a healthy snack and taking exercise are all positive ways to you when you are working on a tight schedule.
A.relieve B.refresh C.liberate D.comfort
28.While our city tries impatiently to change its appearance by tearing down old buildings, more and
more citizens are suggesting ways to ____ the historically important architecture.
A.decorate B.develop C.preserve D.advocate
29.I am afraid we cannot include me item you suggest, as it does not ____ with the rest of the programme.
A.come down B.keep up C.get on D.fit in
30.Jane's always nervous when she has to make a speech; she must accustom herself to be when she is with people.
A.at ease B.in disguise C.at risk D.in relief
第二节完形填空(20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A 12-year-old boy saw something in a shop window that set his heart racing.But the price—five dollars—was far beyond Reuben Earle's wealth.Five dollars would buy almost a week's groceries for his family.
But hearing the sound of hammering from a side street, Reuben had an idea.
He ran towards the 31 and stopped at a construction site.People built their own homes in Bay Roberts, using nails _32_ in hessian sacks(麻袋)from a local factory.Sometimes the sacks were _33_, and Reuben knew he could sell them back to the 34_ for five cents a piece.
Back home, he looked at his mother Dora and _35_.Sunlight from the window gilded her shoulder-length blonde hair.Slim and beautiful, she was the center of the home, the glue that held it together.
Every day after school, Reuben walked down the town, _36_ the hessian nail bags.On the day the school closed for the summer, no student was more 37 than Reuben.Now he would have more time for his _38_.Then one day the _39_ had come.
Reuben ran down Water Street to the store."Please, Mister.I have to sell the sacks now."
The man took the sacks, 40 his pocket and put four coins in Reuben's hand.Reuben murmured (小声说)a thank you and 41 , home.
When he got home.Reuben _42_ the tin can.He poured the coins out and began to 43 . He had enough.
Then, he headed for the shop, "I have the _44_," he told the owner.
The man went to the window and took out Reuben's 45 .He wiped the dust off and gently wrapped it in brown paper.Then he placed it in Reuben's hands.
Racing home, Reuben _46_ the front door."Here, Mum! Here'." He placed a small box in her work-roughened hands.
She 47 it carefully.A jewel box appeared.Dora lifted the cover, 48 beginning to blur (模糊)her vision.
Dora had never received such a 49 ; she had no jewellery except her wedding ring. 50 ,she smiled and gathered her son into her arms.
31.A.window B.Sound C.store D.school
32.A.purchased B.produced C.delivered D.packed
33.A.taken apart B.seta side C.sorted out D.thrown away
34.A.people B.site C.factory D.shop
35.A.wept B.hesitated C.smiled D.murmured
36.A.collecting B.selling C.recycling D.carrying
37.A.disappointed B.delighted C.determined D.devoted
38.A.mother B.schedule C.burden D.mission
39.A.challenge B.possibility C.time D.opportunity
40.A.searched for B.reached into C.glanced through D.stared at
41.A.ran B.walked C.left D.arrived
42.A.sought B.buried C.broke D.uncovered
43.A.laugh B.count C.judge D.observe
44.A.jewel B.box C.money D.ring
45.A.treasure B.coins C.present D.sacks
46.A.got in B.slid into C.squeezed out D.burst through
47.A.opened B.unwrapped C.unfolded D.fastened
48.A.tears B.fog C.dust D.sunlight
49.A.celebration B.wish C.gift D.blessing
50.A.Thankful B.Breathless C.Unexpected D.Speechless
#p#副标题#e#第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
I'd been thinking of it so long; it seemed like the only thing to do-to show my baby, who had eyes as green as water and whose name means the sea, the ocean.
"Babies are supposed to instinctually know who they daddy is," Gerald, Dooriya's daddy, said, holding Dooriya before him."But she don't recognize nothing."
Everybody had something to say about raising my baby, but none of them actually did any raising.Taking Dooriya to see the ocean had become the only thing that kept me from feeling like my life was an everlasting losing race, this vision of what could be for my little girl.When I told Momma about my plans to visit the lighthouse(灯塔)at Cape Hatteras, she just spun her broken record.
"That baby'11 never understand a thing of what she's seeing."
"My baby book says I should treat her just like any other child.It's good to show her beautiful things even if she don't know what she's seeing.It helps her brain develop.How's her brain gonna develop if all she ever sees is the walls inside this crummy house?"
"That child's brain ain't never gonna develop.We love her, but it's not like she's ever gonna not be a Mongoloid(先天愚型患者)."
I had read a half-dozen books about Down Syndrome that said stimulation(刺激)might improve a child's chances of developing to her fullest potential.And what's more stimulating than a trip to see the ocean?
Guidebooks described the area as the land of beginnings, which I liked the sound of.But before I could map out a plan, I woke up one night when Dooriya hiccupped (打嗝).Then she just stopped breathing.The ER doctor gave me a pamphlet on SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) and said, children with Down Syndrome are much more likely to be affected by this sort of thing.
I didn't remember much about driving to Cape Hatteras, especially taking Dooriya from the hospital.But up on that lighthouse, with its broad spiral running up and around it like a black and white barber's pole, I saw my life twist into the air.
As I climbed the winding stairs, I counted the steps, 268 in all, stopping on 77, Dooriya's very number of days on this planet.At the top, I held Dooriya up to the Atlantic, its cold air raising the thin soft hair on her head.With her eyes closed and her arms spread out, it looked like she was bathing in the warmth of the sun.
51.From Gerald's words "But she don't recognize nothing." we know ____.
A.The baby was probably born with the eye problem
B.The father thought the baby was abnormal
C.The baby could recognize nothing except her father
D.The father made up an excuse not to care for the baby
52.Did anybody else besides her mother actually take the responsibility to raise the baby?
A.The father. B.The grandma.
C.Nobody. D.The doctor.
53.The reason why the mother wanted to take her baby to see the ocean is that ____.
A.She believed seeing the ocean could help cure her baby's disease
B.She wanted her baby to enjoy her remaining time
C.She believed the ocean was the land of beginnings
D.She wanted her baby to enjoy nature
54.Which of the following is true according to the text?
A.The doctor eventually saved the life of the baby.
B.The baby was disabled by her careless mother.
C.The baby enjoyed the sunshine while seeing the ocean.
D.The disease SIDS took away the life of the baby.
B
Steve Jobs made technology fun.The co-founder of Apple died last Wednesday at the age of fifty-six He had fought for years against cancer.Mourners gathered outside his house in Palo Alto, California, and Apple stores around the world.
Tim Bajarin, president of a high-tech research and consulting company, said "If you actually look at a tech leader, they're really happy if they have one hit in their life.Steve Jobs has the Apple II, the Mac, the iPod, the iPhone, the iPad and Pixar."
Steve Jobs was a college dropout.He was adopted by a machinist and his wife, an accountant.They supported his early interest in electronics.
He and his friend Steve Wozniak started Apple Computer—now just called Apple—in nineteen seventy-six.They stayed at the company until nineteen eighty-five.That year, Steve Wozniak returned to college and Steve Jobs left in a dispute(分歧)with the chief executive.
Mr.Jobs then formed his own company, called NeXT Computer.He rejoined Apple in nineteen ninety-seven after it bought NeXT.He helped remake Apple from a business that was in bad shape then to one of the most valuable companies in the world today.
Steve Wozniak, speaking on CNN, remembered his longtime friend as a "great visionary and leader'' and a "marketing genius(天才)".
President Obama said in a statement: "By building one of the planet's most successful companies from his garage, he exemplified the spirit of American ingenuity.By making computers personal and putting the Internet in our pockets, he made the information revolution not only accessible, but intuitive and fun."
David Carroll is a professor at Parsons School of Design in New York City.He says Steve Jobs not only revolutionized technology, he also revolutionized American business.
"The fact that he was able to redesign American commerce lop to bottom and across is really stunning(令人惊奇的).He probably will be considered an industrial giant on the scale of Thomas Edison and Henry Ford, so one of the great[s] of all time." David Carroll said.
Steve Jobs stepped down as Apple's chief executive in August because of his health.He died a day after the company released a new iPhone version that met with limited excitement.Apple's new chief, Tim Cook, will also have to deal with the new Kindle Fire tablet computer from Amazon.com.It costs less than half as much as an iPad but also does less.
55.Why did people all over the world mourn Steve Jobs?
A.He was very courageous in the face of cancer.
B.He became very rich though dropping out college.
C.He released a new iPhone version before death.
D.He revolutionized technology and made it enjoyable.
56.Which of the following can easily prove that Jobs is a "marketing genius"?
A.After Apple, he founded NeXT Computer.
B.He made Apple very valuable once again in the world.
C.He developed a series of Apple products.
D.He was considered the greatest industrial figure of all time.
57.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 7 mean?
A.Jobs was a typical example of American spirit of creation.
B.Jobs enriched the American spirit of science and freedom.
C.Jobs eventually realized his American dream.
D.American people are good at inventing things.
58.Which of the following is true according to the text?
A.Jobs's parents discouraged him from working on electronics
B.Jobs stayed in Apple as chief executive for about 24 years.
C.Jobs started his career in his family garage.
D.Run unsuccessfully, Apple was sold to NeXT Computer.
C
We all, at one time or another, have pretended to be a rock star, singing and dancing along to our favorite song.Most of us have done this in the privacy of our own room when we were kids and as adults, in the privacy of our homes.Me? I love to do that when I drive! 1 turn on the radio, find a song that I can sing along too and pretty soon my arms are in the air and I am moving along to the rhythm.Most of the time, I do this on my way to work.
Yes, that is true, I will be in my nice work clothes, jamming while driving or stopped at a traffic light I get weird(古怪的))looks from some people and others laugh.Personally, I love to get lost in the rhythm of a song which leads me to share with you the importance of being silly!
The definition for the word silly, according to the dictionary is: stupid, foolish and nonsensical.I know many people do not want to look foolish.So they walk around all serious, which in all honesty, is foolish!
No one is perfect, I repeat: no one is perfect.I don't care how educated, how thin, how beautiful, how simple, how frugal (节俭的), how rich, and so on...No one is perfect! So why pretend to be something you are not?
Life is so short...You never know when this beautiful journey will be over, so why waste a single second on being so full of rigidity(呆板)? Here is a quote by Souza, that I think says it all and is a great recipe for life:
"Dance as though no one is watching you,
Love as though you have never been hurt before,
Sing as though no one can hear you,
Live as though heaven is on earth."
When we were kids, we had no idea of what limitations were and we had no care in the.world so we could do things without worrying about how we appeared to others.However, as we grew up, we lost that childlike innocence.
So don't lose the child that still lives within you.The next time you feel down, go turn on your favorite song, and sing and dance along like there is no tomorrow.Or watch something that makes you laugh.Laughter is the best medicine to whatever ails (使痛苦) you and nothing is better than laughing so hard that your stomach hurts.Trust me, you will feel a whole lot better, and who doesn't want to feel good?
59.According to the text, what does the writer usually do?
A.He repeats the words of songs. B.He sings songs on his way to work.
C.He dances in his own home. D.He shares music with other drivers.
60.What does the writer think of the people who look very serious?
A.They are honest. B.They are educated.
C.They are perfect. D.They are silly.
61.The writer quotes Souza to show that____.
A.life is a beautiful journey B.life is full of rigidity
C.life is to be treasured D.life is a great recipe
62.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A.The Innocence of Being a Child B.The Importance of Being Silly
C.No One Is Perfect D.Life Is Short
D
Nearly 28% of college Students plan to seek employment using Linkedin, up from 5% last year, according to a survey out today from employee recognition provider i Love Rewards and career-services network Experience.Slightly more than 7% plan to use Facebook, up from 5%.
No longer do students just wait for visiting campus recruiters to learn about job possibilities.Instead they're using digital tools to find their dream jobs, says I Love Rewards CEO Razor Suleman.Companies need to know their online image, then update anything that is outdated, inaccurate or not inleractive(互动的).
'The recruited have now become the recruiters," Suleman says."They are now going out and finding the companies they want to apply for."
Students learn about employers by viewing their websites, reading Facehook and Twitter updates and perusing(精读)Linkedln profiles.Another information source: Comments by past and current employees on job-oriented websites.
A strong digital presence is one way for employers to stand out as the search for the best and brightest gets competitive.
Slightly more than four in 10 employers say they will use "different" recruiting tactics(策略)to reach Generation Y, according to a survey by job-search site Monster.com to be released today.Of those respondents, almost 60% say social-networking sites are popular tools to reach Gen Y candidates.
"Our reason for using social media is because that's where we think the candidates are," he says.
The company posts updates and videos on topics such as job opportunities and the benefits of being an employee.It also created a mobile-friendly site for those who want to apply via smart phone.
"Younger people want to attach to you in a different way than the past," Lavery says."They want to interact with you.They want to learn about you."
The updated recruitment techniques take effort, but they work, he says.
In 2010, UPS used those tactics to recruit 955 employees.The year before, it hired 29 employees through those means.
"It's a time investment(投资)that you have to be willing to do," he says."You can't just have a page up there and not have content.In social media, you have to have a give and a take, or people won't be a part of your community."
63.In order to find their dream jobs, more American graduates like to use ____.
A.newspapers B.magazines C.the Internet D.radios
64.Why do many companies use social-networking sites to recruit graduates?
A.Because they have no other way to get in touch with graduates.
B.Because graduates tend to learn about employers through social media.
C.Because companies want to post advertisements for their products.
D.Because companies like to post videos and updates about their products.
65.The underlined word "recruit" in Paragraph 11 probably means ____.
A.fire B.attract C.contact D.employ
66.From what Lavery says, we can conclude that ____.
A.it is very easy for a company to hire graduates through social media
B.a company has to make great efforts to find the best graduates
C.a company doesn’t have to update the information about it
D.graduates are afraid to communicate with the boss of the company
E
Squirrels often communicate with whistles, chirps and chucks, which sound like the word “chuck”.Whistles and chirps are like the sounds that many birds make.Now scientists have translated some of their squirrel-speak.
Hare, a professor of zoology at the University of Maniloha in Winnipeg, and his team managed to record squirrels' alarm calls.The researchers studied the sounds and then played them back to 60 wild squirrels, which the scientists approached individually with a video recorder to capture(抓拍)their reponses.Some squirrels lifted their heads up and became.Alert(警惕的).Creatures that were more frightened simply ran for their lives and dived into caves.
"In effect then, whistles that mix with chucks say 'there's an enemy of average threat that's here', and whistles without chucks say 'there's an enemy of seemingly average threat around here somewhere', while pure chirps say, 'I'm hiding here because there's an immediate danger.' " Hare told.Discovery News.
Hare and some other researchers believe such sounds arc part of an advanced language that develops just as all other communication systems.
Although squirrels risk their lives when they call out to warn others of threats, other squirrels might admire this behaviour, thus increasingly the caller’s social status, like humans who look up to heroes. Hare added that other animals, such as birds, probably understand at least some squirrel language, since they also may benefit from the alarm calls.
In fact, another Canadian study found that deep-voiced, black-capped chickadees have their own language too.According to certain research, there are a lot of tidings in chickadees' calls, such as directing fellows' activities, keeping in contact between mates, and raising alarms.
While chickadees and other birds are often welcomed into gardens by homeowners, squirrels are frequently viewed as pests(害兽). Hare wishes a greater understanding of the complex social lives and communication systems of squirrels will provide “hope that humans will gain a greater appreciation and stop doing harm to these animals”.
67.The text mainly talks about .
A.the study on the language of squirrels
B.the comparison between squirrels and chickadees
C.the calling for the protection of squirrels
D.the ways for squirrels to escape from their enemies
68.If a squirrel is in a very dangerous situation, it would probably make ____.
A.whistles with chucks B.pure chirps
C.whistles without chucks D.repeated chucks
69.The underlined word “tidings” in pardgmph 6 probably means ____.
A.difficulties B.poises C.messages D.languages
70.What can be learned from this text?
A.Squirrels communicate with cach other as humans do.
B.Some squirrels understand the recorded alarm calls.
C.Other animals also well understand the language of squirrels.
D.Birds such as chickadees don’t have their own language.
第四部分:书面表达(共两节,满分40分)
第一节:完成句子(共10小题,每小题 1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下列各小题,根据括号内的汉语提示,用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子,并将答案写在答题卡上的相应题号后。
71.I'm afraid I can't attend your birthday party at 5 P.M.next Monday.I ______(已乘飞机) to London long before then.(fly)
72.The technology is reported ____ (应用到)architecture in other countries for a long time, but it was not introduced into China until two years ago.(apply)
73.He escaped _________(丧生) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.(kill)
74.So _______(天气好) that all of us want to go on an outing. (day)
75.It was only when the accident took place ____ (他才意识到) the importance of careful driving.(realize)
76.Jenny has been criticized by the teacher for using the cellphone in class. I would rather you __________(没借) it to her. (lend)
77.One more step backward, ____ (你会掉进) the pool.(fall)
78.English, as well as all other subjects, ___ (很重要).So we must learn it well to be more competent.(importance)
79.I am proud of what I did.But I was just helping to do _______(他本该做的).(do)
80.Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______(两个都不想) to buy it. (want)
第二节:短文写作(共一题,满分25分)
假设你叫李明,下面是你的一位外国笔友Kristie给你写的电子邮件,询问有关小悦悦事件的情况。
Dear Li Ming,
I learned from a news flash that a two-year-old baby girl was ignored by more than a dozen passers-by after being run over twice in a south China town.I'm very shocked.I used to think the Chinese were hardworking and kindhearted, and they really were when I was on a visit in China two years ago.So I doubt whether it was true news.Can you tell me what you learned about this incident?
Sincerely yours,
Kristie
请你给她回一封邮件,要点如下:
1.社会陷入自责和反思;
2.某些路人的冷漠或另有原因,可最终还是有一名拾荒婆婆挺身而出;
3.单个事件不能代表中国,助人为乐一直是中国传统美德。
注意:
1.不能照抄原信件语句;
2.可自由发挥添加细节;
3.词数120左右;
4.回信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:伦理道德- ethical and moral (adj.); 美德- virtue (n.)
Dear Kristie,
I was in very low spririts .
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地理学从人类文化的空间组合的角度,解释各种文化要素如何使不同地区具有各种区域特征。下面是读文网小编为大家整理的2016年高三地理联考复习重点,希望对大家有所帮助。
1) 、九华山位于安徽省境内,是地藏菩萨的道场。
2) 、中国的四大佛教名山是:山西五台山、四川峨眉山、安徽九华山、浙江普陀山。
3) 、位于浙江省的普陀山是中国的四大佛教名山之一。按佛教的传说,它是观音菩萨说道的地方。
4) 、峨眉山位于四川省境内,相传是普贤传道的场所,所以山上的寺庙大多供奉普贤菩萨。山下和山顶气温相差十五摄氏度,垂直变化明显,动、植物品种很多。
5) 、嵩山位于河南省登封市境内,被称为“中岳”。
6) 文化活动的重要地区。嵩山的名胜古迹很多,其中最有名的是少林寺。
7) 、相传印度高僧达摩来到嵩山林寺,创立名闻天下的少林拳。
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化学中存在着化学变化和物理变化两种变化形式。下面是读文网小编为大家带来的2016高三化学联考试卷及答案,希望对大家有所帮助。
2016高三化学联考试卷:
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2016高三化学联考试卷及答案答案:
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60年代开始,不少学者已在研究生态系统、政治系统、经济系统、社会系统以及地域系统方面作出贡献。下面是由读文网小编整理的2016高三地理联考试卷及答案,希望对大家有所帮助。
2016高三地理联考试卷:
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一切社会活动、社会关系、社会现象和社会问题都同人口发展过程相关。下面是由读文网小编整理的2016年高三地理联考题及答案,希望对大家有所帮助。
以上就是小编带来的2016年高三地理联考题及答案全部内容,欢迎翻阅。
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对于高三地理考试试卷的复习,能够让你收获新的知识点。下面是读文网小编收集整理的2016高三地理联考试卷以供大家学习参考。
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作为学生的你,在即将到来的考试之前,我们应该要去做好怎么样的复习工作呢?让我们来做一份试卷怎么样?下面是读文网小编网络整理的八校高三第一次联考语文试卷,希望对你有用。
一. 现代文阅读(共9分,毎小题3分)
阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。
同其他林木相比,竹子颇有一些独特之处,如虚心、有节、清拔凌云、不畏霜雪、随处而安等等。这些特点,很自然地与历史上某些审美趣味、伦理道德意识发生契合,进而被引入社会伦理美学范畴,成为君子贤人等理想人格的化身,并对中国传统文化的发展产生深刻的影响。不仅春风得意的封建宠儿常常以竹来互相吹捧或以竹自诩,那些落泊荒野的书生和隐居“南山”、待价而沽的名士,也普遍寓情于竹、引竹自况。在这种独特的文化氛围中,有关竹子的诗词歌赋层出不穷,画竹成为中国绘画艺术中一个重要门类,封建士大夫在私园、庭院中种竹养竹以助风雅,亦成为普遍风气。
最早赋予竹以人的品格,把它引入社会伦理范畴的,要算《礼记》了。《礼记•祀器》中说:“……其在人也,如竹箭之有筠也,如松柏之有心也。二者居天下之大端矣,故贯四时而不改柯易叶。”魏晋时期政治局势反复无常,文人士子意气消沉,以阮籍、嵇康为代表的一批失意文人,为逃避现实,不与当权者合作,遁隐竹林,借竹之高标、清姿佐己之风流,在当时社会引起很大震动,对后代封建文人的行止也产生了莫大影响。可以说,敬竹崇竹、寓情于竹、引竹自况,竹林七贤乃是“始作俑者”。自此以后,中国的文人士大夫便与竹子结下了不解之缘。晋室东渡之后,文人士子大量南逃,南方秀丽的山水将他们从对现实的迷惘、懑闷中解脱出来。他们纵情山水,远离尘嚣,与大自然融为一体,广袤的竹林正是他们托身、浪迹之所,竹子清丽俊逸、挺拔凌云的姿质令风流名士们沉醉痴迷。一时间,闻有好竹即远涉造访而不通名姓者有之,种竹十顷栖居林中者有之,对竹啸吟终日不辍者亦有之,王徽之、张廌、翟庄、袁粲等,是其中风流最著者;王徽之乃至声称:不可一日无此君!这一时期,文人雅士赋竹、赞竹,为竹作谱,蔚成风气。世界上最早的一部植物专谱——戴凯之的《竹谱》正是在这种风气下以韵文的形式诞生的。
但是,魏晋南北朝时期,文人士大夫所赋予竹的,是“清风瘦骨”“超然脱俗”的魏晋风度,尽管对竹的“高节”“坚贞”也偶有提及,但更多的是对竹的自然风采的礼赞,表现了这一时期文人士大夫对大自然的崇敬和向往。作为一种社会风范的竹,在这一时期尚未产生以及被普遍接受。及至中唐以后,尽管竹子作为一种自然的灵物,其天姿秀色仍被普遍欣赏,但它的某些特点如虚心、有节、根固、顶风傲雪、四时不改柯易叶等等,开始被强调并引入社会伦理范畴,最终演化成为封建文人士大夫思想意识中有德行的君子贤人的化身。这明显地反映在中晚唐时期的文学作品之中,白居易在《养竹记》一文里首次总结出竹的“本固”“性直”“心空”“节贞”等高尚情操,将竹比作贤人君子;刘岩夫在《植竹记》里则更将封建文人士大夫所共同钦慕的“刚”“柔”“忠”“义”“谦”“贤”“德”等等品格赋予竹子;此外,“亲慈子孝”“尊敬长者”等伦理规范也或先或后赋予了慈竹(子母竹)和筇竹(扶老竹)。从此,竹子在中国封建文人士大夫的精神体系中确立了不可动摇的地位,并通过种竹养竹、咏竹画竹等等追求风流雅致的行径,一代一代传承并不断丰富和发展。
(摘编自《汉字趣编》之十二)
1.下列有关“竹”的表述,不符合原文意思的一项是()
A.竹子后来被视为君子贤人等理想人格的化身,它的某些独特之处与这些君子贤人的某些审美趣味、伦理道德意识有契合之处。
B.戴凯之的《竹谱》是世界上最早的一部植物专谱,也是文人雅士赋竹、赞竹,竹文化发展到鼎盛时期诞生的竹谱专著。
C.《礼记•祀器》中说的“其在人也,如竹箭之有筠也”,是古代典籍中赋予竹以人的品格,把竹子引入社会伦理范畴的文字记载。
D.魏晋南北朝时期,文人士大夫所赋予竹的是“清风瘦骨”“超然脱俗”的魏晋风度,表现出了文人士大夫对大自然的崇敬和向往。
2.下列理解,不符合原文意思的一项是()
A.魏晋时期以阮籍、嵇康为代表的一批失意文人,遁隐竹林,借竹之高标、清姿佐己之风流,是为了逃避现实,不与当权者合作。
B.作为一种社会风范的竹,其虚心、有节、根固、顶风傲雪、四时不改柯易叶等特点被强调并引入社会伦理范畴,是中唐以后的事。
C.王徽之、袁粲等人纵情山水、远离尘嚣,以广袤的竹林为托身、浪迹之所,是因为竹子清丽俊逸、挺拔凌云的姿质令他们沉醉痴迷。
D.白居易的《养竹记》总结出竹的高尚情操,刘岩夫的《植竹记》将封建文人士大夫所共同钦慕的品格赋予竹子,使竹文化更具内涵。
3.根据原文内容,下列理解和分析不正确的一项是()
A.从春风得意的封建宠儿到那些落泊荒野的书生和隐居“南山”、待价而沽的名士寓情于竹、引竹自况来看,爱竹源于他们的性格。
B.“竹林七贤”敬竹崇竹、寓情于竹、引竹自况,对后代封建文人产生了莫大影响,中国的文人士大夫与竹子结下不解之缘与之有关。
C.竹子最终演化成为封建文人士大夫思想意识中有德行的君子贤人的化身,并反映在文学作品中,有一个由外表到内在的转化过程。
D.将“刚柔忠义”等品格赋予竹子,将“亲慈子孝”“尊敬长者”等伦理规范赋予了慈竹和筇竹,表明竹子在中国封建文人士大夫的精神体系中就确立了牢固的地位。
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二、古诗文阅读
(一)文言文阅读(19分) 阅读下面的文言文,完成4-7题。
刘子玄,名知几,以玄宗讳嫌,故以字行。年十二,父藏器为授《古文尚书》,业不进,父怒,楚督之。及闻为诸兄讲《春秋左氏》,冒往听,退辄辨析所疑,叹曰:“书如是,儿何怠!”父奇其意,许授《左氏》。逾年,遂通览群史。与兄知柔俱以善文词知名。擢进士第,调获嘉主簿。
武后证圣初,诏九品以上陈得失。子玄上书,讥“每岁一赦,或一岁再赦,小人之幸,君子之不幸”。又言:“君不虚授,臣不虚受。妄受不为忠,妄施不为惠。今群臣无功,遭遇辄迁,至都下有‘车载斗量,杷椎碗脱’之谚。”又谓:“刺史非三载以上不可徙,宜课功殿,明赏罚。”后嘉其直,不能用也。时吏横酷淫及善人公卿被诛死者踵相及子玄悼士无良而甘于祸作《思慎赋》以刺时。苏味道、李峤见而叹曰:“陆机《豪士》所不及也。
累迁凤阁舍人,兼修国史。中宗时,擢太子率更令。介直自守,累岁不迁。会天子西还,子玄自乞留东都。三年,或言子玄身史臣而私著述,驿召至京,领史事。迁秘书少监。时宰相韦巨源、纪处讷、杨再思、宗楚客、萧至忠皆领监修,子玄病长官多,意尚不一,又仕偃蹇,乃奏记求罢去。
始,子玄修《武后实录》,有所改正,而武三思等不听。自以为见用于时而志不遂,乃著《史通》内外四十九篇,讥评今古。徐坚读之,叹曰:“为史氏者宜置此坐右也。”
子玄内负有所未尽,乃委国史于吴兢,别撰《刘氏家史》及《谱考》。上推汉为陆终苗裔,非尧后;彭城丛亭里诸刘,出楚孝王嚣曾孙居巢侯般,不承元王。按据明审,议者高其博。
开元初,迁左散骑常侍。尝议《孝经》郑氏学非康成注,举十二条左证其谬,当以古文为正;《易》无子夏传,《老子》书无河上公注,请存王弼学。宰相宋璟等不然其论,奏与诸儒质辩。博士司马贞等阿意,共黜其言。诏可。会子贶为太乐令,抵罪,子玄请于执政,玄宗怒,贬安州别驾。卒,年六十一。
子玄领国史且三十年,官虽徙,职常如旧。礼部尚书郑惟忠尝问:“自古文士多,史才少,何耶?”对曰:“史有三长:才、学、识。世罕兼之,故史者少。夫有学无才,犹愚贾操金,不能殖货;有才无学,犹巧匠无楩楠斧斤,弗能成室。善恶必书,使骄君贼臣知惧,此为无可加者。”时以为笃论。子玄善持论,辩据明锐,视诸儒皆出其下,朝有论著辄豫。殁后,帝诏河南(府)就家写《史通》,读之称善。追赠工部尚书,谥曰文。 (节选自《新唐书•刘知几传》)
4.下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是( )
A.时吏横酷∕淫及善人/ 公卿被诛死者踵相及 / 子玄悼士无良而甘于祸 / 作《思慎赋》以刺时
B.时吏横酷 / 淫及善人公卿/ 被诛死者踵相及/子玄悼士无良而甘于祸 / 作《思慎赋》/以刺时
C.时吏横酷 / 淫及善人公卿/被诛死者踵相及/ 子玄悼 / 士无良而甘于祸/作《思慎赋》以刺时
D. 时吏横酷/ 淫及善人 / 公卿被诛死者踵相及/ 子玄悼/ 士无良而甘于祸/作《思慎赋/以刺时
5.下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说,不正确的一项是( )
A.“讳嫌”就是避讳,为尊者讳,为亲者讳,为贤者讳是古代避讳的总原则。如东汉为避光武帝刘秀讳,改“秀才”为“茂才”。
B.擢进士第,又可称为进士及第,指科举时代经考试合格后录取成为进士。但是唐宋时的“进士”有别于明清时的“进士”。
C.礼部是古代官署“六部”(吏、户、礼、兵、刑、工)之一,管理全国学校事务、科举考试及藩属和外国之往来等事宜。
D.“谥”即谥号,是古代对君、侯、臣等有一定地位的人在其死后追封的称号,用以表彰其功绩或品德,谥号只能由朝廷授予。
6.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的一项是( )
A.刘知几少年时学业一般,曾因学《古文尚书》不佳而受到父亲的杖责,等听到父亲为哥哥们讲的《左传》后,他才有所醒悟,决心不再懈怠,一年后,就通读诸史。
B.刘知己敢于直言。他曾上书直陈朝廷滥用官员的弊端,受到武后的赞赏和重用;他又写了针砭时弊的文章《思慎赋》,苏味道、李峤认为超过了西晋陆机的《豪士》。
C.刘知己治学严谨广博。他修正《武后实录》,考证刘氏宗谱,质疑《考经》《老子》等书的版本,提出很多独到的观点;他的《史通》一书,被徐坚视为史著的样版。
D.刘知己虽然官职多变,但一直修治史学,做了将近三十年史官。他认为做史官的人必须才、学、识俱兼,缺一不可,同时,修史之人还要有敢于秉笔直书的勇气。
7.把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)
(1)子玄病长官多,意尚不一,又仕偃蹇,乃奏记求罢去。
(2)宰相宋璟等不然其论,奏与诸儒质辩。博士司马贞等阿意,共黜其言。
(二)古代诗歌阅读(11分)
阅读下面两首诗,然后回答问题。(11分)
过分水岭 温庭筠
溪水无情似有情,入山三日得同行。
岭头便是分头处,惜别潺湲一夜声。
再宿武关 李涉
远别秦城万里游,乱山高下出商州。
关门不锁寒溪水,一夜潺湲送客愁。
8.两首诗都运用了什么表现手法来写“溪水”?请指出两首诗中通过溪水所表现出来的不同情感特点,并作简要分析。(6分)
9.有人认为,“溪水无情似有情”中的“似”字改成“却”字更好,你是否同意这一观点,请结合诗的具体内容简要赏析。(5分)
(三)名篇名句默写(6分)
10.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。(6分)
(1) 《诗经》中的“_________ _,__________ ”,本是女子表达对所爱之人的期盼与思念,曹操在《短歌行》借此来表达对贤才的渴望。
(2)不吸取前人败亡的教训,只会让历史悲剧不断的重复。正如杜牧在《阿房宫赋》 一文的最后所说的“______ ,_______ ”。
(3)“______ ,_______ 。” 刘禹锡在《陋室铭》中描绘出陋室非常幽静的环境,是为了衬托室中之人高洁傲岸的节操和安贫乐道的情趣。
四、实用类文本阅读(25分)
12.阅读下面的文字,完成(1)-(4)题。(25分)
最慢的是活着 ——作家乔叶访谈录
陈劲松(以下简称“陈”):乔叶老师您好!很荣幸和您进行交流。就写作而言,您最初是如何走上这条路的?为何会选择文学?
乔叶(以下简称“乔”):我刚开始其实是写散文的。当时生活在一个小县城里,面对日常生活的各种委屈、困惑和挫折,觉得自己有话想说,而且必须要说出来,但这些话又不能对着家人和朋友说,于是只好付诸笔墨和稿纸了。写着写着,从爱好变成了职业。至于为何会选择文学,我想最大的原因是,文学能带给我幸福,能表达我内心深处更柔软、更慢、更弱的东西吧,从而让我的心灵得到安慰和温暖,并获得更大的自由。
陈:很多作家写到一定时候,都会有一个相同的困惑,那就是我为什么要写作?或者说写作的终极目的是什么?您怎么看待这个问题?
乔:这种困惑我当然也会有。我时常问自己,文学对我们当下的生活到底有什么意义呢?其实,我觉得这是一种比较功利的看法。文学对于生活,若从实用主义的角度出发,则是无用的,它并不会直接给我们带来物质财富。但,文学的无用就是它的最大用处。在这个物质化的时代,它能够改变我们的生命质量,让我们的心走得更远。如果一定要探究文学对于我们当下生活的意义,那就在于它可以穿透物质表层,深入我们内心世界,探测人心的秘密。生活就像一条波澜壮阔的大河,河水总是奔涌向前的,而文学就好比是河床,无论河水流向何方,河床总是长久地卧在那里。变化的是生活,不变的,则是文学给我们带来的永恒的温暖,文学写作即是挖掘人性河床中存在的宝藏——这或许就是我的写作目的。
陈:在这个信息化时代,我们每天会接收到各种各样的信息,读到各种各样的新闻,反映到写作领域。有人就创作了新闻式小说,这类作品的特点是以新闻笔法讲述小说故事。您如何看待新闻写作与小说创作的关系?
乔:新闻写作毕竟有其时效性,而小说创作则是慢工出细活。犹如我们开启一瓶啤酒,新闻写作就是刹那间涌出的啤酒泡沫,只会浮在上面,而小说创作则是泡沫下面的酒,唯有经过长时间的发酵才能酿造。就好像杨贵妃和唐玄宗的故事,在今天早就失去新闻的价值,但这么多年过去了,我们还可以从文学的角度去进行书写。
陈:您这个比喻很贴切也很有意思。对于畅销书和各类书籍排行榜,有些人持追捧的态度,有些人则取不屑一顾的态度。您会关注畅销书或者排行榜吗?
乔:会关注,但可能不会去阅读。我觉得我追求的写作方式和认同的文学作品,可能与畅销书会有出入,我想沉下心来,写出像阿来的《尘埃落定》一样比较深刻的作品。但畅销书之所以畅销,应该还是有其合理的因素吧。比如说《山楂树之恋》和《杜拉拉升职记》,肯定迎合了一定的社会需求和心理需求,有读者能从其中找到自己喜欢的东西。但老实说,那不是我想要写的。
陈:迄今为止,您的小说作品似乎以中短篇为主,对你来说,长篇小说的写作会存在困难吗?近期是否有长篇小说的写作计划?
乔:事实上,我最初从事小说创作时,就是长篇。文学院的老师问我说,你没有经过中短篇的训练就写长篇,可以吗?我说可以。当时写出来后也顺利出版了,但后来回头再看时,我发现还是存在很多问题。所以,这几年我就老老实实地从中短篇写作开始,好好训练自己的语言和结构能力。当然,我现在如果写长篇,肯定会比那时要好。不过我近期没有这方面的写作计划,我认为长篇小说还是要经过长时间的积累和酝酿。我的小说《最慢的是活着》里有一句话:“……活着这件原本最快的事,也因此,变成了最慢。生命将因此而更加简约、博大、丰美、深邃和慈悲。这多么好。”对我而言,这既是一种生活态度,也是一种写作态度。
[注]乔叶,中国作家协会会员,河南省作家协会副主席,《散文选刊》副主编。陈劲松,中山大学中文系博士。
(1)下列对本篇访谈有关内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是()( ) (5分)
A.乔叶走上文学这条路,是因为文学能表达内心深处更柔软、更慢、更弱的东西,从而使心灵得到安慰和温暖,这样,乔叶就获得了更大的自由。
B.乔叶认为,文学不能带给人物质财富,文学的意义是让人的心走得更远,它能穿透物质表层,深入人的内心世界,改变人的生命质量。
C.乔叶对畅销书如《山楂树之恋》和《杜拉拉升职记》等,持欣赏态度,因为这类小说迎合了一定的社会需求和心理需求,读者能从其中找到自己喜欢的东西。但乔叶却不会去写这类的东西。
D.乔叶强调小说创作是慢工出细活并谨慎对待长篇小说创作,这从写作态度方面印证了题目“最慢的是活着”。
E.乔叶说:“生活就像一条波澜壮阔的大河,河水总是奔涌向前的,而文学就好比是河床,无论河水流向何方,河床总是长久地卧在那里。”意思是说,虽然生活是时刻发生着变化的,但文学要表现的是能带给人们温暖的人性,这个创作宗旨是不变的。
(2)在本篇访谈中,关于文学写作的终极目的,乔叶有哪些看法?(6分)
(3)乔叶答问的语言有什么特点?请作简析。(6分)
(4)乔叶提倡怎样的写作态度?联系现实,结合全文进行分析(8分)
第Ⅱ卷(表达题,共80分)
五、语言文字运用(20分)
13.依次填入横线处的成语,最恰当的一组是 ( )
小小棋盘之间,__________。我们既要总揽全局寸土必争,关键时刻又需有 _______、舍城弃地的勇气和魄力;既要_________,来应付不断变化的局势,又需要保持固有的原则和立场,不迷失前进的方向;既要随缘而进,建功立业,又需顺势而退,_________。
A.随机应变 明哲保身 风云变幻 壮士断腕
B.风云变幻 壮士断腕 随机应变 明哲保身
C.随机应变 明哲保身 壮士断腕 风云变幻
D.风云变幻 随机应变 壮士断腕 明哲保身全,
14.下列各句中,没有语病、句意明确的一句是( )
A.从日本处理包括中国在内的周边邻国的领土主权争端中,我们看不出日本对过去的侵略战争和殖民统治有丝毫的悔意。
B.这部小说中的“边缘人”是一个玩世不恭、富有破坏性却真实坦白的群体,人们面对这类形象时会深深地思索。
C.这十名来自不同地区、不同职业、不同水平的参赛选手将在未来的一个月内完成苛刻的野外生存训练,只有坚持到最后的人才能获得奖励。
D.北京大学未名湖畔,一位87岁的老人依旧笔耕不辍。作为首席《儒藏》项目的专家,他计划在2025年完成这项浩大的典籍编纂工作。
15.填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,最恰当的一句是( )[:]
崖壁下有几处坟地,坟前立着的石碑许多已经破碎,字迹模糊;枯水季节,伏在江里的石头有的已经露出水面,周围一片寂静。
A.在夕阳的照射下,枯草和落叶闪着不定的光,崖壁像一个巨大的屏,矗立在江对岸。
B.一列青黛崭削的石壁夹江高矗,被夕阳烘成一道五彩的屏障。
C.没有太阳,天气相当冷,藤萝叶子多已萎落,显得这一带崖壁十分瘦削。
D.一行白帆闪着透明的羽翼,从下游上来;山门半掩,一道阳光射在对岸的峭壁上。
16. 在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句,使整段文字语意完整连贯,内容贴切,逻辑严密。每处不超过15字。(6分)
土壤是生态系统中物质与能量交换的重要场所。对于植物而言,土壤就像一个仓库,_____①_____。
土壤的矿物质营养必须溶解在水中才能被植物吸收利用,水分太少引起干旱,____②_______,对植物的生长都不利。
土壤的含水量和通气状况会影响动物的生长和繁殖,______③_______,一些动物会因缺氧而窒息死亡,因此农业上常用灌溉法来防治虫害。
17、下面一段话是对“微公益”的说明,请提取主要信息,写出四个关键词。(5分)
随着社会的进步和人们生活水平的提高,越来越多的普通人开始参与到公益事业中来,于是一种草根公益应运而生,这就是微公益。微公益提供了一个很好的平台,人们将微小的爱心汇集起来,积少成多,就形成了一股强大的社会力量。微公益关注贫困,关注教育,关注社会发展,关注生物保护和低碳等,具有很强的利他性。它没有过去大慈善家那种“行侠仗义”“扶贫济困”的远大抱负,取而代之的是寓善于乐的参与方式。
六、作文(60分)
18.阅读下面的文字,根据要求作文。
管子曰:“君子使物,不为物使。”
对此,你有什么看法?请自选角度,自拟题目,写一篇文章。
要求:⑴不少于800字;⑵不要写成诗歌。
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在一份设计良好的考试试题卷面前,不仅能够体现出教师们对学生们的学习情况的掌握,更能体现出学生们的学习水平!以下是由读文网小编收集整理的八中高三语文上学期月考试卷,欢迎阅读!
一、本大题共6小题,共23分。阅读下面材料,完成1—6题。
材料一
荀子(约前325—前238),是春秋战国“百家争鸣”的集大成者,也是先秦儒家的最后一位大师。战国末期两位最著名的法家代表人物韩非、李斯都是他的入室弟子。后人对荀子争议颇大,有的说他是孔门嫡传,有的说他是儒门异端;有的说他是法家,有的说他是道家……其实,荀子在中国思想史上的价值,荀子对儒学的贡献,就在于他的“杂”,他的“异”。
人们一般都以为荀子姓荀,名况,字卿。这种说法其实有误。先秦两汉的著作都称其姓为“孙”,特别是荀子著作集《荀子》一书,几乎都称其为“孙”。荀子是赵人,为孙氏,很可能是卫公子惠孙之后,由卫而入赵。
荀子十五岁起到齐国稷下游学,后离齐赴楚,再后又回到齐国。在齐国,他三次被推为祭酒(才高望重者)。在范雎任秦相的时候,荀子到秦国拜见秦昭王,看到了秦国“百姓朴”、“百吏肃然”、士大夫“明通而公”,得出了“治之至”的结论;也作出了“殆无儒”,是“秦之所短”的判断。由于秦国实行法治,荀子以儒治国的思想在那里就行不通了。后来荀子也曾回到过赵国,几经辗转,最后由于春申君的邀请,荀子留在了楚国,任兰陵县令。春申君被杀后,荀卿被罢了官,不几年就去世了。
荀子的思想以儒家为中心,并具有兼融百家的色彩。他以孔子为圣人,但反对孟子和子思为首的“思孟学派”哲学思想,认为子贡与自己才是孔子思想的真正继承者。
荀子学问渊博。在继承前期儒家学说的基础上,吸收各家所长加以综合、改造,建立起了自己的思想体系,发展了古代唯物主义传统。现存的《荀子》三十二篇,涉及到哲学、逻辑、政治、道德等多方面的内容。在自然观方面,他肯定自然规律是不以人的意志转移的,反对信仰天命鬼神,提出了人定胜天的思想;在人性问题上,他提出“性恶论”,否认天赋的道德良善,强调后天环境和教育对人的影响;在政治思想上,他坚持儒家的礼治原则,同时重视人的物质需求,主张发展经济,主张礼治法治相结合。在认识论上,他承认人的思维能反映现实。但有轻视感官作用的倾向。
荀子认为人与生俱来就想满足欲望,若欲望得不到满足便会发生争执,因此主张人性本恶,需要由圣王及礼法的教化来“化性起伪”使人格提高。《荀子•性恶》中,荀子认为人性有两部分:性和伪。性是人先天的动物本能,是恶;伪是人后天的礼乐教化,是善。性(动物本能)的实质是各种欲望,如果顺从性,人就会为满足欲望不择手段,导致道德沦丧、天下大乱。圣人知道性是恶的,所以创制礼义道德,“化性起伪”,用伪取代性,使人变善。
那么为什么要伪?善有什么用?《荀子•王制》中又说:论力气,人不如牛;论速度,人不如马,然而人却驯化了牛马为己所用,这是为什么?因为人能组成社会,团结一致,而牛马等兽类不能。人为什么能组成社会?因为人有道德,有了道德,就能组成牢固的社会,使人的力量大增,人类繁荣发展,幸福生活。道德的作用就是维持社会内部秩序,构建“和谐社会”。这就是伪的作用。“伪”能维持社会的正常秩序,保证人类的生存。
荀子的文章也是独具风格的。它既不像《庄子》那样,海阔天空、神思飞越,富有浪漫主义色彩;也不像《孟子》那样,语言犀利、气势磅礴,具有雄辩家的特点。他是在老老实实地讲述道理。他的文章朴实浑厚、详尽严谨,句式比较整齐,而且擅长用多样化的比喻阐明深刻道理。有人曾将《荀子》一书概括为“学者之文”,正是十分恰当的评论。
1.下列对荀子生平经历的解说,不正确的一项是(3分)
A.荀子是赵国人,姓孙,他很可能是卫国公子惠孙的后人,祖上由卫国迁到了赵国。
B.荀况生活在战国后期,他学高望众,著名法家代表人物韩非、李斯都是他的学生。
C.荀卿曾到过秦国,看到秦国治理得很好,认识到了法家的功效及儒学思想的局限。
D.荀子十五岁离赵,在齐楚等国游学、讲学、任职,最后死在了楚国,享年约87岁。
2.下列对荀子“性恶论”的理解,正确的一项是(3分)
A.荀子主张人性本恶,认为人性由两部分组成,就是先天的欲望和伪装的善良。
B.人们希望满足欲望,必会导致天下大乱,儒家知道人性本恶,主张用道德教化。
C.人能驯化牛马为己所用,证明了人性的伟大,再加上道德教化,人类会更繁荣。
D.“化性起伪”,用后天的礼乐教化取代人性的恶,才能维持社会和谐、人类发展。
3.文章第一段说,“荀子对儒学的贡献,就在于他的‘杂’,他的‘异’”。请根据文意,谈谈你对这句话的理解。(5分)
4.下列对文中加点的部分,解说不正确的一项是(3分)
A.法家:代表人物还有管仲、墨翟、商鞅等。
B.嫡传:“嫡”读作dí,意为“正宗、正统”。
C.春申君:与平原君、信陵君、孟尝君并称为“战国四君子”。
D.化性起伪:“伪”字书写的第5笔是“㇆(横折钩)”。
材料二
“百家争鸣”指的是春秋战国时期(前770年—前221年)不同学派纷纷涌现并争奇斗艳的繁荣局面。其时,我国各种思想学术流派的成就,与同时期古希腊文明交相辉映,光耀人类史册。
周王朝的瓦解,打破了“学在官府”的局面,原来由贵族垄断的文化学术向社会下层扩散,致使民间“私学勃兴”,“士”阶层形成。
其时,社会结构急遽变化,兼并战争接连不断,各诸侯国的国君为了在争斗中称霸,竞相招贤纳士,希望借助某种学说以富国强兵。春秋时代已经开始的“养士”之风日益盛行。各诸侯国对“士”大都采取宽容政策,允许学术自由。这便给百家争鸣创造了宽松的政治环境。
各学术流派虽从不同社会集团的利益出发,议论时事,阐述哲理,著书立说,各成一家;但他们并非政治附庸,依附于某个政治权势集团,而是“用我则留,不用则去”。各个学派之间、同一学派的不同流派之间,既彼此诘难又相互借鉴,良好的学术氛围,也促进了战国时期的思想解放。
当时,齐国经济发达、政治开明,由于良好的文化政策和优厚的物质待遇,吸引了当时几乎所有的著名学派汇集稷下(齐国国都临淄稷门附近)。稷下学宫成为了最有影响的学者名士聚集场所。
稷下学宫创建于齐桓公田午时期,消亡于秦灭齐时,大约存在了150年,但对后世产生的深远影响直至今日。
齐桓公田午兴办学宫的直接原因是政治需要。齐王励精图治,图谋称雄,需要稷下学士为自己的政治理想制造舆论、设计蓝图。因此,稷下学宫首先是一个政治智囊团。其次,学宫尊贤致士,吸引人才,定期举办各派学者的学术例会,又是一个学术交流、文化传播、百家争鸣的学术园地。
“不治而议论”,是稷下学士活动的主要特点之一。“不治”,即“不任职”。虽有上大夫的头衔,但不担任实际职务。“议论”,就是议论时政、国事、治乱之策,为统治者提供决策依据,以实现智囊团的功能。而他们的议论,是在宽松自由的政治氛围内,对统治者政治活动提出的批评意见或决策建议,大都坦率直言,没有或者少有阿谀奉承、溜须拍马的情况。
稷下学宫是当时的学术文化中心,百家争鸣的发源地。稷下各派学者利用齐国提供的良好环境与条件,潜心研讨,取长补短,丰富和发展了各自的学说,也促进了中国文化的大融合。其中既有黄老学派,也有儒家、法家、阴阳家等等。他们在学宫传道、授业、解惑,培养出了众多人才。比如荀子,15岁就到此学习,后来成为了稷下的学术大师。而孟子两次入齐讲学,时间长达三十年之久,被授予上卿。
稷下学术例会争鸣的议题非常广泛,既有不同政治主张的阐发,又有不同学术观点的诘难,也有对宇宙奥秘的思考。在学术自由的环境中,稷下先生们冲破思想束缚,不断探求创新,诸说并存,辩论发展,这就形成了“百家争鸣”的学术繁荣景象。
5.下列对“百家争鸣”出现的历史原因,表述不正确的一项是(3分)
A.周王朝瓦解后,文化学术向社会下层扩散,“士”阶层逐渐形成。
B.诸侯争霸,各国竞相招贤纳士,希望借助他们的学说来增强国力。
C.诸侯对“士”宽容,养“士”成风,“争鸣”有宽松的政治环境。
D.学者大都依附于某社会集团,因此议论批评时政不会有生命危险。
6.请分条概述“稷下学士活动”的特点。(6分)
二、本大题共6小题,共27分。阅读下面的文言文,完成7—12题。
(一)
客问魏子曰:“或曰:‘子房弟死不葬,以求报韩。’既击始皇博浪沙中,终辅汉灭秦,似矣。韩王成既杀,郦生说汉立六国后,而子房沮之,何也?故以为子房忠韩者,非也。”
魏子曰:“噫,是乌足知子房哉!人有力能为人报父仇者,助之以灭其仇,其子父事之,岂得为非孝子哉?子房知韩必不能兴也,则报韩之仇而已矣。天下之能报韩仇者,莫如汉。汉既灭秦,而羽杀韩王,是子房之仇,昔在秦而今又在楚也。六国立则汉不兴,汉不兴则楚不灭,楚不灭则六国终灭于楚。夫立六国,损于汉,无益于韩。不立六国,则汉可兴,楚可灭,而韩之仇以报。故子房之心决矣。
“子房之说项梁立横阳君【注】也,意固亦欲得韩之主而事之,然韩卒以夷灭。韩之为国与汉之为天下,子房辨之明矣。范增以沛公有天子气,劝羽急击之,非不忠于所事,而人或笑以为愚。且夫天下非一人一姓之私也,天为民而立君,故能救生民于水火,则天以为子,而天下戴之以为父。子房欲遂其报韩之志,而得能定天下祸乱之君,故汉必不可以不辅。夫孟子,学孔子者也。孔子尊周,而孟子游说列国,拳拳于齐梁之君,教之以王。夫孟子岂不欲周之子孙王天下而朝诸侯?周卒不能,而天下之生民,不可以不救。天生子房以为天下也,顾欲责子房以匹夫之谅、为范增之所为乎?亦已过矣!”
(取材于魏禧《留侯论》)
【注】横阳君:韩国公子成。
(二)
观夫高祖之所以胜而项籍之所以败者在能忍与不能忍之间而已矣项籍唯不能忍是以百战百胜而轻用其锋高祖忍之养其全锋而待其弊此子房教之也当淮阴破齐而欲自王高祖发怒见于词色由此观之犹有刚强不忍之气非子房其谁全之?太史公疑子房以为魁梧奇伟,而其状貌乃如妇人女子,不称其志气。呜呼!此其所以为子房欤?
(取材于苏轼《留侯论》)
7.下列语句中,加点词语的解释正确的一项是(3分)
A.而子房沮之 沮:阻止
B.然韩卒以夷灭 夷:平坦
C.拳拳于齐梁之君 拳拳:弯曲
D.顾欲责子房以匹夫之谅 谅:原谅
8.对下列两句中“既”字的用法分析正确的一项是(3分)
①既击始皇博浪沙中 ②韩王成既杀
A.①②中的“既”都是连词 B.①中的“既”是副词,②中的“既”是连词
C.①②中的“既”都是副词 D.①中的“既”是连词,②中的“既”是副词
9.把文中画横线的句子译成现代汉语。(6分)
①天下之能报韩仇者,莫如汉。
②夫孟子岂不欲周之子孙王天下而朝诸侯?
#p#副标题#e#
10.用斜线(/)给上面文言文画波浪线的部分断句。(6分)
11.下列对文本的理解和推断,正确的一项是(3分)
A.魏禧的《留侯论》指出,张良是韩国人,却先是投靠项羽,后来又做了刘邦的谋臣,毫无忠贞之心,更不要谈报韩国之恩、替韩国报仇的事情了。
B.魏禧写《留侯论》的主要目的是:为了劝说朋友选对所依靠的集团,抓住有机会发挥自己的聪明才智,实现个人价值,从而改变历史。
C.魏禧所举孟子学孔子的事例,与张良为报韩国之仇而事二主相似,更加充分地证明张良事二主是时势所趋,不是个人力量所能左右的。
D.苏轼的《留侯论》把项籍成功的原因归结为能“忍”,正是张良时时提醒,才使得百战百胜、刚强勇武的项羽不断获得胜利。
12.请在方格里填写《鸿门宴》中的原句,然后根据上下文意思在横线上填空。(6分)
①项伯得知项羽准备攻打刘邦以后,连夜到刘邦的军营中想叫张良和自己一同离开,张良认为在沛公有危难时“□□□,□□□”,于是把消息告诉了刘邦,从而为扭转局势打下了伏笔。
②鸿门宴上,“项王、项伯东向坐;亚父□□□,——亚父者,范增也;沛公□□□;张良□□□”。从座次可以看出,张良的身份是最 的。
三、本大题共1小题,共18分。
13.阅读下面的宋词,完成⑴—⑷题。(18分)
水调歌头•李太白画像
李纲
太白乃吾祖,逸气薄青云。开元有道,聊复乘兴一来宾。天子呼来方醉,洒面清泉微醒,余吐拭龙巾①。词翰不加点,歌阕满宫春。 笔风雨,心锦绣,极清新。大儿中令,神契兼有坐忘人②。不识将军高贵,醉里指污吾足,乃敢尚衣嗔。千载已仙去,图像耸风神。
【注】①相传李白醉酒呕吐,唐玄宗亲自以巾帕为其拭面。
②“大儿中令”“坐忘人”,分别指李白的好友郭子仪、司马子微。
⑴下列诗句没有表现李白“逸气薄青云”的一项是(3分)
A.长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海
B.仰天大笑出门去,我辈岂是蓬蒿人
C.黄金散尽交不成,白首为儒身被轻
D.大鹏一日同风起,抟摇直上九万里
⑵下列诗句所表现的人物风神与“不识将军高贵,醉里指污吾足,乃敢尚衣嗔”不相符的一项是(3分)
A.手持一枝菊,调笑二千石
B.天子呼来不上船,自称臣是酒中仙
C.素手把芙蓉,虚步蹑太清
D.安能摧眉折腰事权贵,使我不得开心颜
⑶下列评价与本词中李白诗歌特点不相符的一项是(3分)
A.外枯而中膏,似澹而实美
B.白也诗无敌,飘然思不群
C.笔落惊风雨,诗成泣鬼神
D.清水出芙蓉,天然去雕饰
⑷阅读下面的文字,回答问题。(9分)
酒入豪肠,七分酿成了月光
剩下的三分啸成剑气
绣口一吐,就半个盛唐。
——摘自余光中《寻李白》
①默写出李白诗中含有“月”和“酒”的诗句各一句。(4分)
②余光中诗句中的“剑气”,可解读为李白的豪气和才气。请结合李纲词作和阅读积累,谈谈你的理解。(5分)
四、本大题共5小题,共22分。阅读下面的文章,完成14—18题。?
千里靴
多年来,我尤为迷恋童话中的器物,魔力的碗、银灰色的万能咒语、会说话的苹果树……它们的神秘之美,在于永远不会被人目睹。《宝葫芦的秘密》是我看过无数遍的电影,没记牢其中的教育意义,但却只惦念着那件消失的宝物——宝葫芦。
假设只能拣选一件宝物,我才不要什么会下金蛋的鹅或无所不知的镜子,童年时最令我渴慕的,是一双千里靴。我把它套在脚上,追得上雨后的彩虹拱桥。作为乖顺得近于自闭的孩子,这大约体现了内心无声息的反抗吧。
记得有一年,和家人去海边度假。白天受了冷落和委屈,觉得父母不爱我,我决定偷偷出走,以伤害自己的方式完成对他们的报复──我忘了,只有在他们爱我的前提下,这种报复才是有效的。晚上蹑手蹑脚地爬起来,世界黑得吓人,那种无边的威严使我不得不放弃计划。听到潮声,我趴在窗边,向外张望。夜色中的大海,有着巨兽幽暗而褶皱的皮,礁岩仿佛是它换气的鼻孔。我深怀恐惧,唯一的安慰是在海平线那端,月亮天使有张镀金的脸。那个晚上,我默默祈祷一双千里靴,送我到任意的彼岸。
是的,为我向往的总在彼岸,可我难以跨越眼前的危险。千里靴,千里靴,刀山火海一越而过。斗火龙、战水怪的勇士,总是不能缺一双千里靴借以逃生。如果套上千里靴,我就可以从容跨越重重障碍,跨越挫折和险境,甚至跨越令人不耐烦的成长和生死……然后,让叶芝的诗在墓碑上将我安慰:“现在我可以枯萎而进入真理。”
对千里靴的渴望,相当于成长上的揠苗助长,我借此躲避或巨或微的创痛。童话里,中途打开篮子,里面的礼物会变成蛇蝎,只有坚持到终点才能获得闪耀的珠宝。我曾想,如果有了一双千里靴,人转瞬就到达终点,不必与自己的好奇心交战,最后作为失败者被惩罚。千里靴把万重山水变成地图旅行,其实是一种急工近利的交通工具和行动道具。说到底,千里靴是没有耐心的产物。
我曾坐在高空,想象飞机就是一双工业千里靴──跨越峰峦、河流和穿插其间的小小村落,但我永远看不见大地上真正的脸和表情,即使拥有俯瞰众生的天堂般的视角,我看云卷云舒,依然是形而上中必然的单调。
随着年长,我对千里靴的速成神话,抱有了怀疑。“听君一席话,胜读十年书”之类的致理名言,除了是恭维之辞,还是典型的偷懒技巧,希望以“一席话”的速效省却“十年书”的苦功,这“一席话”就是语言上的千里靴。如果对倾听者有所点醒,只应是“十年书”之后的“一席话”,面对空白的痴脑,当头棒喝也没用。一个转瞬生死的人被称为夭折,他无权谈论或盛或衰的沿途风景。我越来越崇尚慢的技艺。慢是比常规动作更优雅的一种节奏,就像电影中的慢镜头,会使平凡场景凸现诗意。慢是对时间的漠视,所谓永远,就是慢到极处。千里靴还是我梦寐以求的宝吗?或许像蚯蚓一样缓慢地把土吃进去,才能开辟一条真正为自己所消化的路。
或许我这样探讨,有偷换概念之嫌,因为童话人物穿上千里靴的目的,主要是为了逃亡。对于这种目的,速度是第一要义,走马同时想观花,当然是奢侈得危险的妄念。但我当年阅读童话时产生的怀疑一直沿续:为什么扔下梳子变成森林,扔下镜子变成河流,却总是阻挡不了追随而至的魔鬼?既然我们已经穿上了窃取来的千里靴,为什么魔鬼转眼就能离我们如此之近?魔鬼光脚不穿鞋,他凭什么跑得那么快又不流血?千里靴让我隐约怀疑法器的失效,不幸的主人公仿佛是在梦里无望地逃生,精疲力尽地刚刚赶到一个安全地点,不容喘息,追杀的人又来了。
千里靴原来的主人是魔鬼。如果魔鬼能一步千里,他不会视千里靴为宝物,如影随形的本领,他自身就具备了,又何需一个外在之物?如同孙悟空不会把一个能把自己送上天际的东西当宝物,因为他一个筋斗云就抵达了。如果穿上千里靴逃走时还是被光脚的魔鬼一再追上,那只能说明这是一个失效的宝物,实际功用远非传说中那么神乎奇神。如果这是一个失效的宝物,那魔鬼根本不会珍藏,更别提跋山涉水地去追讨。那么为什么,我们已经穿上千里靴,却如此轻易地一再地被魔鬼紧跟呢?
我后来才领悟,童话中难以自圆其说的地方,恰恰埋藏更深的隐喻。在漫长的灵魂自我建设中,当我一次次试图摆脱内心的种种邪念,朝着更美好和澄明的方向行进……每每过程却如此困难,结果却如此失败,我仿佛能感到魔鬼的体重和窃笑。猜对了,穿着千里靴跑得再快、跑到天涯也没用,因为我们身上一直背负着魔鬼,他一伸手,就轻易拍上我们的肩。
(取材于周晓枫的同名散文)
14.文中加点的词语,书写正确的一项是(2分)
A.揠苗助长 B.急工近利 C.致理名言 D.神乎奇神
15.下列对作品内容的理解,正确的一项是(3分)
A.由于童年时乖顺自闭,因此得不到父母的爱,作者十分迷恋童话中的宝物。
B.因为恐惧成长过程中的创痛和失败,作者希望可以借助千里靴来逃避长大。
C.与快相比,慢更优雅,能使平凡场景凸现诗意,能让人更好地欣赏沿途风景。
D文中引用了大量的童话故事,充满生动的童趣,同时增添了厚重的文化底蕴。
16.文中说“千里靴是没有耐心的产物”,请结合上下文简要分析这句话的含义。(5分)
17.作者认为“听君一席话,胜读十年书”是典型的偷懒技巧,你是否同意这种观点?请简要说明理由。(6分)
18.本文写了作者对“千里靴”的认识和态度的几次转变。请分别概括。(6分)
五、本大题共2小题,共60分。
19.微写作(10分)
从下面三个题目中任选一题,按要求作答。不超过150字。
①药学家屠呦呦获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖,实现了中国科学史的突破。请给屠呦呦写一段贺词,表达你对她的祝贺和敬意。要求感情真挚,语言得体。
②在高中三年的语文学习中,你最喜欢的课文是哪一篇?请用一句话介绍课文内容,并简述理由。
③请以“月下沉思”为题,写一段抒情文字或一首小诗。
20.作文(50分)
从下面两个题目中任选一题,按要求作文。不少于700字。
①请以“像 一样活着”为题作文。
要求:文体不限。将题目补充完整,并抄写在答题卡上。
②请以“我记得那 的瞬间”为题,写一篇记叙文。
要求:将题目补充完整,并抄写在答题卡上。
看过“八中高三语文上学期月考试卷”
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我们作为学生,应该为即将到来的考试做出什么样的准备呢?下面是读文网小编整理的八中高三语文上学期期中考试试卷以供大家阅读。
一、(15分,每小题3分)
阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。
在我的脑海里,油纸伞是江南最美丽也是最遥远的一个梦了。记得儿时,在滴滴答答的雨帘下,我们撑开油纸伞,一爿爿烟雨葱茏的天地近在眼前,一幅幅充满诗意的田园风光纷至沓来,让人( )进入梦境。
现在_________,____________,____________,____________,____________。
油纸伞,它于何时何地发明,又是哪一个独具慧心的匠人所造,现已无从考证。但我想,油纸伞的出现,一定是在江南,被潇潇暮雨氤氲着的江南,很容易使人产生创造的灵感。于是,一把把油纸伞,从江南仄仄的小巷里走出,伞下的人或是明眸浩齿的女子,或是一袭青衫的书生,静静地在雨中沉思、遐想或踟蹰彷徨,那么宁静,那么( )。或是两把油纸伞交错磕碰而过,蓦一回首,便擦出了爱的火花,产生了如水的柔情。正像在《雨巷》里徘徊的诗人,苦苦等待着眼睛里结着愁怨的丁香姑娘。也正像民间传说中的《白蛇传》里,是油纸伞( )了许仙、白娘子的一段美丽、动人的爱情故事。
1.文中加点的词或短语,有错别字的一项是
A.葱茏 纷至沓来 B.氤氲 明眸浩齿
C.一袭青衫 踟蹰 D.蓦一回首 徘徊
2.依次填人文中括号里的词语,最恰当的一项是
A.忽然 典雅 演示 B.忽然 文雅 演绎
C.恍然 典雅 演绎 D.恍然 文雅 演示
3.依次填人第一段横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一组是
①只有在那些发黄的典籍里 ②能模糊地见到它们的赝品
③这个梦离我们越来越远了 ④也只有在以假作真的影视画面里
⑤还能依稀看到它们的影子
A.①③②④⑤ B.③④①②⑤ C.③①⑤④② D.①②④⑤③
4.下列各句中,加点的成语使用恰当的一项是
A.3月1日,法国枫丹白露博物馆中国馆被盗,20件珍贵藏品不胫而走。该馆中保存着1860年英法联军从圆明园抢掠的大量珍贵文物,每年吸引着大量游客。
B.本赛季的全国女排联赛在对抗性和观赏性上有了明显的提高,尤其是八强战之后,比赛打得更加难舍难分,这与四位名帅的排兵布阵和临场指挥不无关系。
C.在2015年央视网络春晚上王铮亮演唱了《最远的距离》,他那温暖醇厚又不失清亮的嗓音,让现场每位观众耳濡目染,沉浸其中,让每一个归心似箭的人热泪盈眶。
D.年初,一幢3D打印的建筑在苏州正式亮相。建筑墙体上的波浪形纹理层次分明,层与层之间密不透风,看上去浑然一体。
5.下列各句中,没有语病的一项是
A.随着打车软件“嘀嘀打车”通过微信支付车费优惠额度的增加,微信支付和支付宝的“撒钱”大战再次升级,造成的直接后果是导致微信支付系统暂时瘫痪。
B.举办微山湖放鱼节,有助于进一步加大微山湖渔业生态环境保护力度,提高群众关心水域生态环境、呵护水生生物资源的意识。
C.新月派代表诗人闻一多的《死水》以想象的奇诡、色彩的浓郁、节律的和谐以及格式的整饬著称,因而具有积极的思想意义。
D.好多部门都希望借助学校这个阵地来实现“小手拉大手”的教育效果,殊不知,对孩子的教育不能仅靠征文、演讲、手抄报等比赛来完成。
二、(9分,每小题3分)
阅读下面的文字,完成6~8题。
对于和合文化,可以从多角度来解读。有人从中读出一种文化战略,有人从中读出一种社会理想,都讲出了一番道理。我别出心裁,想把和合文化解读为一种健全的心态。在我看来,“和合”一词中的“合”,应该是指人的多种精神诉求的集合。道理很简单,只有在具备两个以上要素的情况下,才能谈得上“合”;倘若只是单一要素,根本就谈不上“合”了。多种要素凑在一起,有可能发生冲突,也未必就一定发生冲突。即便发生冲突,也未尝不可以化解。成功地化解冲突,便进入了“和”的状态。所谓“和”,应该是指多样性的统一,是指冲突的化解。显而易见,这种意义上的“和”,有别于“同”,故而孔子力主“和而不同”。要想把人的多方面的精神需求统一起来、协调起来,进入“和”的心态,绝非易事,仅靠一种学说,显然也是不可能做到的,必须综合运用多种学说。在传统文化资源中,对于和合心态的养成,儒释道三家都是不可或缺的元素。三教分别满足中国人精神生活中某方面的需要,帮助人们养成和合的心态。
儒家的精神趣旨,可以概括成三个字,那就是“拿得起”;用两个字来概括,那就是“有为”;用一个字来概括,那就是“张”。儒家主张立德、立功、立言,主张干事,主张积极有为。道家的精神趣旨是“想得开”。用两个字来说,叫做“无为”;用一个字来说,叫做“弛”。道家的趣旨与儒家似乎相反,实际上互为补充。学会紧张,是一门学问;学会放松,同样也是一门学问:对于人来说,都是不可缺少的。佛教精神趣旨是“放得下”。用两个字来说,那就是“舍得”;用一个字来说,那就是“空”。用佛教的术语说,“放得下”就是看破红尘,把精神追求的目标定位在彼岸的极乐世界。
儒道两家是中国固有的学问,主要是讲人生哲学。儒家告诉人如何堂堂正正地度过一生,道家则告诉人如何轻轻松松地度过一生,至于人死后怎样,两家都不怎么在意。佛教是从印度引入的学问,主要是讲人死哲学。佛教为人设计了“终极关怀”之所,标示出超越的精神取向,告诉人如何干干净净地辞别尘世。人死哲学与人生哲学似乎相反,惟其如此,才构成互补关系:倘若悟不透死,焉能悟透生?综合运用儒释道三家学问,连生死大关都能勘破,还不算是心态和合吗?儒道互补,讲出“张弛和合学”;儒释道互补,进一步讲出“生死和合学”:三教共同培育和合心态的形成。
6.下列对本文主旨的概括,正确的一项是
A.和合文化是一种健全的心态。
B.和合是指人的多种精神诉求的集合。
C.儒释道三教能帮助人们养成“和合”的健康心态。
D.儒释道三家精神旨趣不同,可以形成互补。
7.关于“和合”文化,下列说法有误的一项是
A.对于“和合”文化,可以从多角度来解读,作者认为,“和合”文化是一种健全的心态,它涉及到人的多种精神诉求。
B.只是单一要素,根本就谈不上“合”,多种要素凑在一起才是“合”,只有“合”而不发生冲突才能进入“和”的状态。
C.孔子力主“和而不同”,强调的是把人的多方面的精神需求统一起来、协调起来,进“和”的状态,而不是简单的同化。
D.中国哲学可以解决人的方方面面的精神需求,儒讲“拿得起”,道讲“想得开”,佛言“放得下”,三者互补,成就“和合”心态。
8.传统文化对于和合心态的养成,儒释道三家都是不可或缺的元素。下列说法不能作 为其依据的一项是
A.人的精神需求是多方面的,要把它们统一起来、协调起来,进入“和”的状态,仅靠一种学说是不可能做到的。
B.儒释道三教是中国传统文化资源中很重要的组成部分,它们能分别满足中国人精 神生活中某方面的需求。
C.只是单一要素,根本就谈不上“合”,所以中国人同时信奉儒释道三教,借以养成和合的心态。
D.儒释道三家可以说是各有各的精神趣旨,看上去有很多对立之处,但在精神实质上互为补充。
三、(12分,每小题3分)
阅读下面的文言文,完成9~12题。
虞集,字伯生。父汲,娶杨氏。集三岁即知读书,是岁乙亥,汲挈家趋岭外,干戈中无书册奇携,杨氏口授文,闻辄成诵。比还长沙,就外傅,始得刻本,则已尽读诸经,通其大义矣。
大德初,授大都路儒学教授,虽以训迪为职,而益自充广,不少暇佚。除国子助教,即以师道自任,诸生伺其退,每挟策趋门下卒业,他馆生多相率诣集请益。除博士,监祭殿上,有刘生者,被酒失礼俎豆间,集言诸监,请削其籍。大臣有为刘生谢者,集持不可,曰:“国学,礼义之所出也,此而不治,何以为教!”竞黜刘生。
泰定初,考试礼部,言于同列曰:“国家科目之法,诸经传注各有所主者,将以一道德、同风俗,非欲使学者专门擅业,如近代五经学究之固陋也。圣经深远非一人之见可尽试艺之文推其高者取之不必先有主意若先定主意则求贤之心狭而差自此始矣。”后再为考官,率持是说,故所取每称得人。
有旨采辑本朝典故修《经世大典》,命集与赵世延同任总裁。俄世延归,集专领其事,再阅岁,书乃成,凡八百帙。帝以集弘才博识,无施不宜,一时大典册咸出其手。集每承诏有所述作,必以帝王之道、治忽之故,从容讽切,冀有感悟,承顾问及古今政治得失,尤委曲尽言。时世家子孙以才名进用者众,患其知遇日隆,每思有以间之。既不效,则相与摘集文辞,指为讥讪,赖天子察知有自,故不能中伤。
论荐人材,必先器识;评议文章,不折之于至当不止,其诡于经者,文虽善,不与也。虽以此二者忤物速谤,终不为动。光人龚伯璲,以才俊为马祖常所喜,祖常为御史中丞,伯璲游其门,祖常亟称之,欲集为荐引,集不可,曰:“是子虽小有才,然非远器。”祖常犹未以为然。邀集过其家,设宴,酒半,出荐牍求集署,集固拒之。
至正八年,以病卒,年七十有七。
(选自《元史列传•第六十八》有删减)
9.对下列句子中加点的词的解释,不正确的一项是
A.不少暇佚 佚:放荡
B.大臣有为刘生谢者 谢:道歉
C.虽以此二者忤物速谤 速:招致
D.集固拒之 固:坚决
10.下列各组句子中,加点词的意义和用法相同的一项是
A.此而不治 赵尝五战于秦,二败而三胜
B.如近代五经学究之固陋也 师道之不传也久已
C.则相与摘集文辞 则递三世可至万世而为君
D.以才俊为马祖常所喜 挟飞仙以遨游
11.对文中两处画波浪线部分的断句,正确的一项是( )
A.圣经深/远非一人之见可尽/试艺之文推其高者取之/不必先有主意/若先定主意/ 则求贤之心狭而差/自此始矣
B.圣经深远/非一人之见/可尽试艺之文/推其高者/取之不必先有主意/若先定主意 /则求贤之心狭/而差自此始矣
C.圣经深远/非一人之见可尽/试艺之文/推其高者取之/不必先有主意/若先定主意 /则求贤之心狭/而差自此始矣
D.圣经深/远非一人之见可尽/试艺之文/推其高者取之/不必先有主意/若先定主意 /则求贤之心狭而差/自此始矣
12.下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是
A.虞集天资聪颖,记忆超群,三岁时他随家人避乱岭外,母亲杨氏口授文章给他,他很快就能记诵,且在得到刻本之前就已遍读经书,通晓大义。
B.虞集重视师道,捍卫礼义,他在任儒学教授时,自觉充实知识;任国子助教时,诲人不倦;刘生在祭祀上有失礼行为,他坚持主张将其开除。
C.虞集鸿才博识,深受重用。因赵世延归家,虞集专领修撰《经世大典》之事,完成该书;皇上认为虞集经手之事无所不宜,当时的大典册立之文都出自其手。
D.虞集评人论文,坚持原则。他评论人才注重器量识见,评议文章重视经义,因此触怒他人也不改变;马祖常力荐龚伯璲,虞集却认为他没有才华,拒绝署名。
#p#副标题#e#
第Ⅱ卷(共114分)
四、(24分)
13.把文中画横线的句子和课文中的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)
(1)患其知遇日隆,每思有以间之。(3分)
(2)其诡于经者,文虽善,不与也。(3分)
(3)纵一苇之所如,凌万顷之茫然。(4分)
14.阅读下面这首宋诗,回答问题。(8分)
清 明①
黄庭坚
佳节清明桃李笑,野田荒冢只生愁。
雷惊天地龙蛇蛰,雨足郊原草木柔。
人乞祭余骄妾妇,士②甘焚死不公侯。
贤愚千载知谁是,满眼蓬蒿共一丘。
[注]①此诗作于诗人被贬宜州期间。②士:指介之推,春秋时晋人。从晋文公出亡十九年,功成后拒绝做官,隐居绵山被烧死。
(1)请简要分析“佳节清明桃李笑”一句中“笑”的表达效果。(4分)
(2)第三联表达了什么情感?请作简要分析。(4分)
15.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。(6分)
(1)杜牧在《阿房宫》中对秦国贪婪掠夺而又挥霍财富的行为提出批评的句子是:“________,__________”。
(2)《念奴娇•赤壁怀古》“__________,_________”两句中,诗人洒酒祭月,寄托了自己对人生的感慨。
(3)韩愈在《师说》中揭示择师标准的两句是:“__________,__________。”
五、(12分)
16.以题目中要求的文字为开头,把下面的一段话改写成一个单句。(4分)
在中国传统中,用以提高人的精神素养、改变经济对人的支配性影响的“读书”是一种具有特定涵义的学习行为,是除直观意义上的阅读书籍或学习技能之外,更在于淡化功利性和超越技能学习的一种学习行为。
在中国传统中,“读书”是___________________________________
17.生活处处有哲理,请在下面句子中的横线处补充恰当的语句,使语意完整连贯,逻辑严密,体现你的哲思。每处不超过20字。(4分)
远与近:看油画,近看模糊一片,远看层次分明,所以,有的事物离得太近便无法认清。
抓与放:抓住一件东西不放,就只能拥有这件东西,所以, ① 。
前进与后退:方向错了,前进一步等于后退一步,而后退一步,亦等于前进一步。
幸福与不幸:一个人最大的幸福,是他不认为自己不幸;而 ② 。
18.右图是丰子恺先生的图画《好鸟枝头亦朋友》。请简要描述画面内容,并揭示其寓意。(4分)
(1)描述画面内容(2分):
(2)揭示画面寓意(2分):
六、(18分)
阅读下面的文字,完成19~22题。
倒插门
赵新学
老汉的名字很特别,叫凑合。
女人去世后,凑合老汉就跟着大儿子立春一起生活。凑合老汉原本打算单打独斗,自炊自食,这样可以自己做主,不用看别人的脸色。可是他不会做饭,他一做饭就心里发慌,手忙脚乱,那饭一顿生,一顿熟,一顿硬,一顿软;有时候忘了添水,把锅烧得通红;有时候吃不出味道,原来忘了搁油搁盐。所以万般无奈,还是跟了立春过。
这天早晨,立春把一碗饺子递到凑合手里。那饺子一闻就香,凑合也饿了,吃得津津有味,吃得兴致勃勃。
立春问道:爹,好吃?
凑合说:傻小子,饺子还不好吃?常言说饺子香糖瓜甜,江米粽子粘又粘……
立春笑了:好吃就好。好吃我们还给你包。爹,我问你一句话,咱们村选举村长的事情你听说了没有?
凑合点了点头。凑合觉得村长的事情离自己很远,大家选上谁算谁,选上谁都好,自己保证听从使唤。
立春却很认真:爹,咱说好了,选举那天你投我一票!
凑合的手猛地一抖,两只筷子“啪啦”一声落到了地上。凑合心里想,我的儿啊,就是讨吃的二狗能当村长,你立春也不能当村长,你做人太自私,有什么好处光往自己怀里搂,名声也不好……凑合捡起地上的筷子说:小子,这当村长有什么好处呀,光开会,光动嘴皮子,光费脑筋,我看还是不当好!
立春往他跟前凑了凑:爹,你知道什么,当村长当然有好处,有了权什么都有,这么大的村子这么多的人,咱说了算数!
凑合说:可是村长得担责任呀,你有那个本事么?
立春说:什么责任不责任,当上我就有本事了。爹,你必须投我一票,谁叫你是我爹哩!凑合再也吃不下去了。
村野里桃红柳绿乌语花香阳光灿烂。凑合拿了锄头走到麦田里时,二小子立秋忽然从一棵大树后面闪了出来,把老汉拉到田埂上坐下,挨着他的肩膀说:爹,我有几句心里话,想和爹说一说。
凑合点了一袋烟,让立秋把话说下去。
立秋开门见山:我看爹过得凄惶孤单,想给爹找个白天做饭、夜里做伴儿的人。
凑合的心猛地动了一下。
立秋说:爹跟着我哥吃饭,寄人篱下,可不是长法。我嫂子那人阴阳怪气,指桑骂槐,指鸡说狗,爹还得看她的脸色,心里憋屈不憋屈?
凑合悄悄地叹息一声,低了头去看地上的蚂蚁。
立秋说:爹,我老丈母娘今年才五十六岁,听说她愿意再往前走一步,找个老实厚道通情达理的庄稼人,我看你就很合适。
凑合激动了,那老太太他见过多次,长得白白胖胖清清爽爽,心眼儿好得光想别人不想自己。有她做伴儿当然好,可是人家愿意不愿意?
立秋说:爹要同意我就去她家里一趟,听听她的口气。估计希望很大,她在我们跟前老是夸奖你,说你人性好身体好,是个吃苦耐劳靠得住的人儿。
凑合激动得坐不住了,立起身来红着脸问:小子,你哪一天去?
立秋很沉着:不着急,我准备咱们村选举以后再去。爹,这次选村长,你可要投我一票。凑合的心一下子凉了半截。
立秋:爹,听说我哥也想当村长,你千万不能选他,他在村里名声很臭!
立秋走了。看着那个背影,凑合心里很不是滋味。
凑合想,亏你说得出口,我给你投票,你给我说媒,拿着选举做交易,这是什么手段?这是什么品质?凑合又想,要不我就投他一票,助他一臂之力?这样两全其美,花好月圆,他也高兴,我也欢喜。
凑合又想,不行不行,立秋当村长绝对不行,立秋特别好喝酒,而且一喝就醉,喝醉了张牙舞爪很张狂,舞棍弄棒很吓人,只怕闹出大乱子![:.]
晌午回家吃饭时立春问他:爹,好话不背人,背人没好话,立秋都和你说了一些什么呀,你们两个嘀嘀咕咕好半天?
立春很不满意地说:爹,你在我们家吃饭呢,你不能胳膊肘子往外扭,你不能选他而不选我,记住啦?
凑合说:记住啦,记好啦,记牢靠啦!
选举那天会场里没有凑合。有人给凑合请假说,别等他啦,他看望立秋的丈母娘去啦,可能要在那里住几天。有人马上笑了,插嘴说:哟,孤男寡女,他这不是倒插门吗?
(有删改)
19.作品中老汉名为“凑合”,有何含义?(4分)
20.赏析文中画横线的句子。(4分)
(1)悄悄地叹息一声,低了头去看地上的蚂蚁。
(2)记住啦,记好啦,记牢靠啦1
21.小说中凑合老汉的形象有哪些特点?请简要概括。(4分)
22.小说结尾耐人寻味,请简述其作用。(6分)
七、(60分)
阅读下面文字,根据自己的理解和感悟,写一篇不少于800字的文章。
犹太民族有这样一句谚语:你需要在口袋里经常放两张字条,一张写的是“我只是一颗尘埃”,另一张写的是“世界为我而造”。
要求:①选准角度,自定立意;②自拟题目;③除诗歌外,文体不限;④文体特征鲜明。
看过“八中高三语文上学期期中考试试卷”
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山西2023九师联盟高三10月联考数学试题及参考答案(含解析)
高三九师联盟试卷,是部分省份为了检测本省的高三学生掌握情况,由各省市高中所组成的九个联盟。以下是小编为大家收集的关于2023山西九师联盟高三10月联考数学试题及参考答案的相关内容,供大家参考!
制定学习计划
高三的节奏快,有很多科目要复习,同时又要做大量的习题。这时候,制定合理的学习计划就显得非常重要。首先,学习计划要符合自身的学习情况。不要在老师布置很多作业的情况下,又让自己额外做两套卷子。这样就算完成了“任务”,质量也不能合同。计划一定要量力而行。其次,计划好不要太详细。有的同学的计划细致到每5分钟做什么,每个课间做什么,这样的计划很容易被打乱。计划好是定量不定时的,比如计划在完成作业的基础上额外做10道选择题,可以在任何时间完成,只要做完了就好。后,也是重要的一点,制定了合理的计划,一定要严格执行。不能总是“放任”自己,那样计划也就是纸上谈兵了。
重视课堂
虽然高三大部门时间都是对以前的知识进行复习,但是同学们仍然要重视课堂。有些学生自认为有一套很好的复习方法,上课不听讲,按照自己的进度来复习,后往往会碰得“头破血流”。另外,在听课的同时,一定要做好笔记。曾有一位某市的高考学霸,每天做的多的事情,就是翻看那本数学笔记,一边看一边做。笔记中不管是提炼的知识点,总结的做题方法还是经典例题,都是课堂中的精华,同学们一定要好好利用。
有效率地做题
数学是需要大量做题的科目,那么如何改善做题的效率呢?首先要进行总结。例如要总结题目是什么类型?如何利用已知条件?突破点是什么?一般的解题方法、步骤是什么?在总结之后,有针对性地找一些相关题目进行练习,数量不用太多,几道典型的题目就可以了。这里要提一点的是,一定要做有准确答案的题目,没有答案的题目,做完不知道正误,就等于白做。做完以后对答案,这时候不仅要注意解题方法,更要注意解题步骤。很多时候明明会做的题目却被扣分了,原因就是解题步骤不全。对于做错的题目要加入错题本,进行分析,看看是方法没掌握,步骤不,还是马虎出错。只有这样才能有效率地复习,突破数学难关。
同学们在复习的时候一定要有一个良好的心态,不要太过急躁,须知“冰冻三尺非一日之寒”。尤其学习的时候要听话,跟着老师走,教高三的老师都是经历了几次或十几次的高考,非常有经验,复习的进度,复习的内容,复习的顺序,这些都是长期教学实践中总结出来的,高考的变化及新的要求,都会在复习中渗透进去。
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2023陕西五校联考高三上学期期中文科数学试题及答案解析
陕西高三五校联考是"府、米、绥、横、靖"五校联考于2023-10-28开考。以下是2023陕西五校联考高三上学期期中文科数学试题及答案的相关内容,供大家学习!
一到两天左右,最快的话就会在这个时间段就会出成绩,因为高三的期中考试相对比较重要一点,然后老师改卷的速度也会比较快,一般在考完一科的时候,当天晚上就可能已经知道该科的成绩了,然后全科成绩公布的话,就可能需要考后一到两天的这个时间。
所以说高三期中考试一般就在这个时间点就会发出全部的生机,因为高三这个时间段比较紧张,然后各个成绩的话,基本都会发布出来给大家去参考,然后让大家评估一下自己的实力,并且综合实力去进行备考高考。高三期终考试几天出成绩就是这样子的一个答案,并且在各个学校是不同的。
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2023河南九师联盟高三10月联考语文试题及参考答案(含解析)
2023河南省九师联盟高三10月联考于近日开考,考后相信不少考生会进行校对答案。以下是小编为大家收集的关于2023河南九师联盟高三10月联考语文试题及参考答案的相关内容,供大家参考!
1.类题训练法
这是高考语文复习最重要、最常用的一种学习方法。具体来说,这种学习方法的要领是:考生在进行做题训练的时候,不能盲目的一道题一道题的去做题,而必须从类题的角度来认识每一道题、作答每一道题。只有这样,做题训练才会有效率。否则,考生绝对会陷入没有边际的“题海战”中去,最终只能“淹死”题海中。
2.积累整理法
高考语文复习牵扯到的知识点能力点很多,考生要在短短的一学年时间里,把这些知识点能力点以及这些知识点能力点所关联的方法、技巧都记住、掌握了,不下一番积累整理的功夫,是很难达到的。比如,成语的积累整理,文言常用词语、句式、文化常识等的积累整理,病句辨析技巧的积累整理,古代诗歌常用的表达技巧、意象等的积累整理,作文素材、作文技巧等的积累整理,等等。真
3.反思总结法
复习一段时间后,考生可根据这一阶段的考试情况,对自己前一阶段的复习做个反思总结。反思总结的内容包括:这一阶段复习过的知识点能力点,这一阶段复习过的题型,这一阶段讲过的答题方式、方法、技巧,这一阶段复习。
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2023届山东济南10月联考高三语文试题及答案(word版)
山东省济南市2023-2024学年高三10月联考考试时间于2023年10月9日开考。以下是小编为大家收集的关于2023届山东济南10月联考高三语文试题及答案的相关内容,供大家参考!
高三联考需要准备的东西有:
考试用品:铅笔、炭笔、小刀、橡皮、水粉颜料、水桶、毛巾(吸水棉)、画板、画架、夹子、凳子、纸胶带、图钉、纸、签字笔等。
其他物品:围巾、手套、暖宝宝等。
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山东新高考2023-2024学年高三10月联考语文试题及参考答案
2023年高三联考科目有语文、数学、外语、物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理等。以下是小编为大家收集的关于山东新高考2023-2024学年高三10月联考语文试题及参考答案的相关内容,供大家参考!
1、复习基础知识
回顾并牢固掌握语文基础知识,如诗歌、文言文和现代文阅读的技巧、常见修辞手法、古代文化和名著等。可以通过学习教材、参考书和辅导资料来进行系统地学习。
2、突破点
语文的各考点中,有些考点是可以在短期内有所作为的,比如作文、诗歌鉴赏、社科文阅读等,只要方法得当,都可以在较短时间内取得较为明显的效果。明白了这一点,就可以有选择性地进行突破,集中精力,全力以赴,以求得效果的最大化。
3、重分点
在语文考卷中,分值最重的莫过于作文和现代文阅读,占去了82分的分值,可谓是语文考试的半壁江山。如果这两大板块得分可观,语文的总分自不待言。因此,大家在复习时可以将精力适当倾斜,让这两大块能够有很好的收获。
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湖北省圆创联盟2024届高三11月联考数学试题及答案解析
数学不同的题型有不同的解题方法,要善于归纳和整理。要选择填空题可以选择排除法、带进去验证、直觉、数形结合的方法。下面是小编为大家整理的湖北省圆创联盟2024届高三11月联考数学试题,希望对您有所帮助!
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江苏盐城2023-2024学年高三上学期期中语文试题(含答案)
期中考试是一次重要的阶段性测试,能够帮助学生们了解自己在这半个学期中的学习情况和进度。通过考试,学生们可以检验自己的学习成果。以下是小编为大家收集的关于江苏省盐城市2023-2024学年高三上学期期中语文试题的相关内容,供大家参考!
1.D 2.C 3.C 4.①营造布局和结构多样,夯土建筑遗存多,有数量优势;②多民族文化的融合和佛教文化影响,有丰富文化内涵;③三大未解之谜,有神秘吸引力。 5.示例:盐城,又称瓢城。位于江苏沿海中部,东临黄海。物产丰富,盛产盐等。最值得称道的是九龙口风景区,九条自然河道汇合于龙珠岛,形成九龙抢珠的复合水系,滩荡水面达十万亩,资源丰富,景色宜人。
【解析】1.本题考查学生筛选并辨析信息的能力。
A.“其历史最远可以向前追溯至汉成帝阳朔年间”错,原文说“秦朝时即为北地郡所辖。汉成帝阳朔年间曾在此修建北典农城”可知,银川的历史不止可以追溯到汉成帝阳朔年间。
B.“西夏墓建筑深受中原文化和佛教文化影响,主要表现在……阴宅简单”错。根据材料二“第二,阴宅建筑简单,表现在墓道和墓室建筑上。最高级别的也只是墓道斜坡式,土洞式墓室,体现了草原游牧民族薄葬的特征”可知,阴宅简单体现的是草原游牧民族自己的特征,而非深受中原文化和佛教文化影响。
C.“因为”强加因果。根据材料三“但神秘的西夏王陵至今仍有三大未解之谜……三、王陵的夯土主体为什么没有被损坏?王陵的附属建筑早已被毁坏得面目全非了,但以夯土筑成的王陵主体却巍然屹立。这些王陵最晚的也有七八百年的时间,如此漫长岁月,为何还能屹立如初?”可知西夏王陵夯土高台犹在,保存完好的原因并未找到。并且材料二中只是说“但夯土高台仍在,反映了陵墓建筑的地域特征”,“夯土高台仍在”与“陵墓建筑的地域条件”并非是因果关系。
故选D。
2.本题考查学生对多个信息进行比较、辨析的能力。
C.“材料三用大胆夸张的笔法描绘了‘男性人像碑座石雕’”错,根据材料三第二段“这种线条粗犷,大胆夸张的表现手法将西夏民族英武豪迈的形象表现得淋漓尽致”可知,并不是材料三用大胆夸张的笔法描绘了“男性人像碑座石雕”,而是当时的建造者用大胆夸张的笔法描绘了“男性人像碑座石雕”。
故选C。
3.本题考查学生理解诗歌含义,分析论点、论据和论证方法的能力。
从原文“曾经宏伟壮观、庄严肃穆的西夏王陵,如今所有陵墓,无不墙断阙残,瓦砾遍地,满目疮痍,一片荒芜与凄凉。明代诗人的《古冢谣》曰:‘贺兰山下古冢稠,高低犹如浮水沤。道逄古老向我告,云是昔年王与侯。’”可知,文段通过今昔对比,表现了当下西夏王陵的荒凉。
A.《雁门太守行》这首诗,写部队夜袭和浴血奋战的场面,并引用典故写出将士誓死报效国家的决心。不适合替换。
B.表现的是物是人非的感慨和对当年英雄的怀念。不适合替换。
C.“野利部落去世后,没有文字记载,千年来谁又能认得西夏王陵,曾经称王称霸建立功业如今又在哪里呢?浩瀚沙漠中大风凛冽、尘沙满天阻断了远行的人”,作者感慨斯人已去,曾经西夏的辉煌不复存在,西夏王陵无人问津。
D.是回顾当年河曲之战,涉及西夏历史,不适合替换。
故选C。
4.本题考查学生理解文章内容,筛选并整合文中信息的能力。
①由“考古发掘的西夏墓有帝陵、帝陵区陪葬墓、一般地方官吏墓、一般党项族姓墓、僧人塔墓等。墓园营造布局和结构多样,墓的建筑体现了以下特征”“第三,夯土建筑遗存多。陵墓园内筑夯土高台和夯土墙,地面的木构架建筑消失了,但夯土高台仍在,反映了陵墓建筑的地域特征”可得出;营造布局和结构多样,夯土建筑遗存多,有数量优势;
②由“第四,墓葬渗透佛教文化元素。无论建筑装饰还是墓的形制,体现佛教文化。帝陵中有陵塔,王侯墓中的陪葬物有经幢,一般官员墓火葬并有塔式灵匣,高僧塔葬,都是佛教文化的体现。第五,西夏墓的建筑体现多民族文化的融合。地面殿、阙、城墙等建筑承中原形制。月城及其内在石象生布列反映北方草原都城特点:建筑装饰构件更多地融合中原文化、中亚文化、西亚文化,反映了多元文化的交流和建筑文化的民族大融合”可得出:多民族文化的融合和佛教文化影响,有丰富文化内涵;
③由“随着史料的不断发现和被破 解,神秘王朝的面纱正逐渐被揭开,但神秘的西夏王陵至今仍有三大未解之谜。一、王陵上为什么不长草?王陵下的地面绿草如茵,唯独王陵上寸草不生。二、王陵上为什么不落鸟?当地多乌鸦和麻雀,它们几乎随处落脚,却从不落在王陵之上。三、王陵的夯土主体为什么没有被损坏?王陵的附属建筑早已被毁坏得面目全非了,但以夯土筑成的王陵主体却巍然屹立。这些王陵最晚的也有七八百年的时间,如此漫长岁月,为何还能屹立如初?”可得出:三大未解之谜,有神秘吸引力。
5.本题考查学生梳理文章思路,分析、运用文中信息的能力。
材料一“银川,古称兴庆府、宁夏城”,先介绍城市名称;
“地处西北地区宁夏平原的中部、贺兰山东麓,与黄河相邻。银川这座塞上古城历史悠久。秦朝时即为北地郡所辖。汉成帝阳朔年间曾在此修建北典农城”,再介绍地理位置和悠久历史;
“此地资源充足、物产丰饶。六月杞园树树红,羊肉泡馍口口香。在坊间素有‘塞上江南,鱼米之乡’‘塞上明珠’的美誉”,这是介绍资源和物产;
“西夏王陵是银川境内最为著名的景点之一,是中国现存规模最大、保存最完整的帝王陵园之一,也是西夏文化的代表……”,这是介绍最著名的景点。
仿照这个思路介绍即可。
6.C 7.B 8.①这里的竹子充满野性,富有生机。②有别于人工竹类,没有人为痕迹和功利价值。 9.①巧用修辞,生动形象:拟人,如“荒草让出来的地方”“纳入到自己的色系和场域”,比喻,如“那白丝绸一样的烟雾”;②用词新颖,表现力强:如天际线是“饱满的”,草木是“强势的”;③多用长句,语意丰富:如用长句更好地表现出作者思绪的流转。
【解析】6.本题考查学生对文本相关内容的理解和分析能力。
C.“流露出其内心的迷茫和忧伤”错,第4段中“……实际情况是我根本不知道这条路通向什么地方,而我又是如此地渴望沿着这条路一直走下去。是的,那一刻,我只想从结伴采风的队伍里叛逃,从广西叛逃,从地球上叛逃。我觉得,这条路之所以从天边的峰丛之间伸到我的面前,就是为了来接引我的,而且它一直就存在于我的心底……”中的“我又是如此地渴望沿着这条路一直走下去”“我只想”“我觉得”“它一直就存在于我的心底”可知,作者内心十分明确自己的目的和想法,并不迷茫和忧伤。
故选C。
7.本题考查学生对文本艺术特色的分析鉴赏能力。
B.“能从普通人的日常体验出发,通俗易懂”错,第4段中“一个人走在这条岔路上,我领受的山川信息和我在这些信息中呈现出来的状态,使我顿时觉得自己走到了地球的边上。我说‘岔路似乎是通向罗城’,这纯粹出自我的想象,实际情况是我根本不知道这条路通向什么地方,而我又是如此地渴望沿着这条路一直走下去……”可知,本段在表述上,作者从本人的感受出发,并不是普通人的日常体验。
故选B。
8.本题考查学生理解文中重要句子的含意的能力。
“生长在世界反面”意思是与正常的人类意识中的竹子不同,具体表现在:
①“该怎么长就怎么长,笔直向上争夺阳光者有之,斜刺而出插向灌木丛者有之,伏在地面上与荒草为伍者有之。它们活着活着就死了,枯朽在亲人的怀里,也有的活得满身黑垢或苔藓仍然兴致勃勃,一阵春风吹过,便一身的叶片儿都在鼓掌。特别是那些与栗树和桤木杂生在一起的竹子,有意无意,它们都会在杂乱并低俗的枝叶中挺身而出,在鲜有人迹的山水长卷里抢下自己想要的空间”,这里的竹子充满野性,富有生机。
②“真实的景象何至如此呢?环江县野地里的这些竹子,它们有别于公园里和私人后院中的那些人工竹类,它们本就不是人类的眼中之竹或胸中之竹,自生,自灭,整个过程从不象征什么,竹子始终存在于竹子的形体中,竹子从来都是竹子本身。它们的命运甚至不指向竹笛、竹排、竹篱、竹箱、竹楼、竹椅和打狗棍,悄悄地活一场,就为了悄悄地死去,抑或什么也不为,不知生,亦不知死”,有别于人工竹类,没有人为痕迹和功利价值。
9.本题考查学生赏析语言特色的能力。
①巧用修辞,生动形象:拟人,如“而是一群山中的石头某一天突然活了过来,站起身子,一路走到这儿,便纷纷躺了下来”,写出石桥的淳朴与野性特色;“荒草让出来的地方”“纳入到自己的色系和场域”等把荒草、山峰等当做人来写,表现出自然的生机与活力,极具魅力;比喻,如“那白丝绸一样的烟雾”,从颜色到质地,写出细雨中烟雾的美感;
②用词新颖,表现力强:如天际线是“饱满的”,草木是“强势的”,山水图卷是“写意的”,草木是“坐化或寂灭”;
③多用长句,语意丰富:如“蝴蝶和蜜蜂还在另一个世界奔波,季节的错置和某个时间点上景物的错位造成的缺憾在我这儿成为永久的遗憾”,用长句更好地表现出作者思绪的流转。
10.BDF 11.D 12.D 13.(1)会合诸侯是关系民众的大事,从这里可以观察到兴衰存亡的契机(或端倪)。(2)统治民众的人,他的威严是极大的。丧失威严以至于被杀,他的过错一定太多了。 14.放纵奸邪,不体恤百姓,不专心推行善政。
【解析】10.本题考查学生文言文断句的能力。
句意:我不是乐师、太史,怎么会观测天意?我只不过从晋君的仪容,料定晋国必定会发生祸乱罢了。
“吾非瞽史”是判断句,后面B处断开;
“焉知天道”是反问句,且“知天道”是动宾结构,后面D处断开;
“吾见晋君之容”主谓宾齐全,应在宾语后F处断开。
“殆”是状语,修饰“祸”,不断开。
故选BDF。
11.本题考查学生对文言词语中的一词多义现象的理解能力。
A.正确。句意:所以他的过错是在“狂”啊!/所以国家将没有灾祸。
B.正确。都是“或者、还是”。句意:请问是从天意看出还是从人事预测?/或者推究他成功和失败的过程。
C.正确。违背;差错。句意:说话不算数,一天天的更加违背信义。/女子的行为没有什么差错,男子的品行却一变再变。
D.错误。文中的“牧”是治理、管理;“念高危则思谦冲而自牧”中的“牧”是养。句意:况且做国君的人,需要治理百姓并挽救他们中的邪恶之人。/想到帝位高而险,就要不忘谦虚并加强身的道德修养。
故选D。
12.本题考查学生理解文章内容的能力。
D.“百姓的美恶是君主行动的缘由”错,原文“美恶皆君之由,民何能为焉”,强调的是“国君起决定作用,百姓无法左右国君的意志”。
故选D。
13.本题考查学生理解并翻译文言文句子的能力。
(1)“夫合诸侯,民之大事也”,判断句,会合诸侯是关系民众的大事;“合”,会聚、聚合;“于是”,从这里。
(2)“君”,统治;“至于”,以至于;“杀”,被杀。
14.本题考查学生筛选并概括文中信息的能力。
由“若君纵私回而弃民事,民旁有慝无由省之,益邪多矣。若以邪临民,陷而不振,用善不肯专,则不能使”可得出放纵奸邪,不体恤百姓,不专心推行善政。
参考译文:
材料一:
古代经典著作说:“要慎重地对待五件事。五件事分别是:一是外貌态度,二是言语,三是视觉,四是听觉,五是思维。态度要恭敬,言语要正当,视觉要明亮,听觉要清晰,思维要通达。恭敬就会严肃,言语正当就能治理的好,视觉明亮就能够智慧,听觉清晰就能有谋略,思维通达就能成为圣人。”
外貌态度不恭敬,这就是不恭敬的表现。“肃”就是“恭敬”的意思。在内叫“恭”,在外叫“敬”。君主立身行事,体态容貌不恭敬,态度轻慢、不顺从,就不能敬畏各种事务。过失在于疏狂轻率。所以他的过错是在“狂”啊!
历史记载成公十六年,晋公在周柯陵大会诸侯。单襄公见晋厉公眼睛只看远处,走路脚步抬得高。单襄公说:“晋国很快会发生内乱。”鲁侯说:“请问是从天意看出还是从人事预测?”回答说:“我不是乐师、太史,怎么会观测天意?我只不过从晋君的仪容,料定晋国必定会发生祸乱罢了。有道德的人眼神决定手足的行止,行步的进退随之跟从,因此,看一个人的仪容就可以知道他的内心啊。眼睛看东西的目光要得当,行步的快慢随眼光而动。现在晋侯那样子,眼睛看远处而脚步抬得高,眼睛所视与手足的行动相违背,脚步的进退不与眼光相协调,他的心思必定在想别的。眼睛和手足的行动已经不相跟从,这个人怎么会长久呢?会合诸侯是关系民众的大事,从这里可以观察到兴衰存亡的契机(或端倪)。如果国家没有什么祸患,它的君主参加会盟,走路说话看物听言,必定都没有可指责的,就可以看出君主的德行。眼睛看着远处,一天天自绝于正义;脚步抬得高,一天天抛弃了仁德;说话不算数,一天天的更加违背信义;听多了奉承话,一天天背离君主的名声。那眼神用以表现道义,行步用以表现德行,说话用以庇护信誉,耳朵用来分辨万物的声名,不可以不谨慎啊!丧失了部分,本人有灾祸,全部丧失,国家随之而灭亡。晋侯已经丧失了两样,我才有这样的推测。”这以后二年,晋国人杀了厉公。总之这种类型的,都是外貌态度不恭敬的灾祸。
材料二:
晋国人杀了晋厉公,鲁国防守边境的官员把这个消息传回国内,鲁成公正在朝堂上。成公听到后说:“臣子杀死自己的国君,这是谁的过错?”大夫们无人应对。里革回答说:“这是国君的过错。统治民众的人,他的威严是极大的。丧失威严以至于被杀,他的过错一定太多了。况且做国君的人,需要治理百姓并挽救他们中的邪恶之人。倘若国君放纵自己的私心邪念而抛弃治理百姓的职责,百姓中发生的邪恶事件没有人关注,就等于极大助长邪恶之人的气焰。倘若用邪恶的办法治理民众,政事就会败坏而无法挽回。施行仁政不肯专一到底,就无法指使百姓。国君到了灭亡的地步也没人体恤,还要这样的国君做什么?夏桀出逃到南巢,商约王死在朝歌,周厉王被流放到地,周幽王在戏山身亡,都是出于同样的过错。国君,就如同滋养万民的川泽。国君推行的政令百姓都听从,好坏都由国君决定,百姓怎么能左右国君的意志呢?”
15.B 16.同:都表达了对月夜美景的喜爱。异:①张词胸怀豪放中有旷达,表达了对自我高洁人格的自许,超越了世俗的荣辱得失;②刘词豪放中有孤寂,表达了对年华老去的感伤。
【解析】15.本题考查学生对诗歌的综合理解和赏析能力。
B.“转移到眼前飘香的桂树”,此处解析有误。词中“想天寒、桂老已吹香,堪攀摘”是想象月中之景,并非实景。
故选B。
16.本题考查学生评价诗歌中作者的思想情感的能力。
同:都表达了对月夜美景的喜爱。
《念奴娇·过洞庭》先写洞庭湖月下的景色,突出写它的澄澈。“素月分辉,明河共影,表里俱澄澈”这三句写水天辉映一片晶莹。“素月分辉”,是说皎洁的月亮照在湖上,湖水的反光十分明亮,好象素月把自己的光辉分了一些给湖水。“明河共影”,是说天上的银河投影到湖中,十分清晰,上下两道银河同样地明亮。素月分辉,明河共影”这两句明点月华星辉,暗写波光水色,表现了上下通明的境地,仿佛是一片琉璃世界。所以接下来说:“表里俱澄澈。”美就美在“澄澈”上。这里表里如一的美,是光洁透明的美,是最上一等的境界了。
本词上阕描写了中秋月夜的美景。“俄变见、金蛇能紫,玉蟾能白。九万里风清黑眚,三千世界纯银色”,词人原本是希望流云不要遮住今夜月亮的光辉,没想到忽然间就是乌云密布,电闪雷鸣。但很快又雨散云收,皎皎玉蟾高挂穹宇。是九万里的风吹散了无边的黑云与黑暗,让三千世界全都被皎洁的明月照亮。词人心情愉悦,一边欣赏美景,一边想象那月中桂子应已飘香,正是应攀登采摘的时节。
异:
①张词胸怀豪放中有旷达,表达了对自我高洁人格的自许,超越了世俗的荣辱得失。表里俱澄澈”这五个字,描写周围的一切,从天空到湖水,洞庭湖上上下下都是透明的,没有一丝儿污浊。这已不仅仅是写景,还寄寓了深意。这五个字标示了一种极其高尚的思想境界,诸如光明磊落、胸怀坦荡、言行一致、表里如一,这些意思都包涵在里面了。“孤光自照,肝胆皆冰雪”,是以冰雪比喻心地的纯洁。结合他被谗免职的经历来看,还有表示自己问心无愧的意思。
②刘词豪放中有孤寂,表达了对年华老去的感伤。“湘妃远,谁鸣瑟。桓伊去,谁横笛。叹素光如旧,朱颜非昔。老去欢悰无奈减,向来酒量常嫌窄”,湘妃已经远去,还有谁在鸣瑟?桓伊已经离开,还有谁能横笛?感叹今夜月光依然如旧,而自己的容颜却已不是从前。人已老去,欢乐之事无奈已越来越少。
17. 青青子衿 悠悠我心 弊在赂秦 为国者无使为积威之所劫哉 积水成渊 蛟龙生焉(上有六龙回日之高标,下有冲波逆折之回川/水不在深,有龙则灵/长桥卧波,未云何龙)
【详解】本题考查学生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。
注意重点字词的写法,如“衿”“弊”“劫”“蛟”等。
18.①战战兢兢/颤颤巍巍/摇摇晃晃/磕磕绊绊;②混混沌沌/浑浑沌沌 19.A 20.①原文“哽哽的”生动地写出小狗耐不住严寒、被冻得发不出声音的样子;②原文“好像它的脚爪被火烧着一样”,使严冬寒冷带给小狗的疼痛更加生动可感;③原文用三个短句,简洁明快。
【解析】18.本题考查学生正确使用词语(包括成语)的能力。
①根据前文“老头越走越慢,担心受怕”以及横线后面“好像初次穿上滑冰鞋,被朋友推上了溜冰场似的”可知,横线处应该填表现老头走路晃晃悠悠,走路不稳的成语。所以此处可填“战战兢兢/颤颤巍巍/摇摇晃晃/磕磕绊绊”。战战兢兢:形容十分害怕或小心谨慎的样子。颤颤巍巍:颤抖摇晃的样子;震颤而动作不准确的样子;身体因惊恐而颤抖。摇摇晃晃:左右摇摆,不稳定。磕磕绊绊:因道路不平坦或腿脚有毛病而行走不方便。
②根据前文“大地一到了这严寒的季节,一切都变了样,天空是灰色的”可知,横线处应该填表现环境浑浊的成语。所以此处可填“混混沌沌/浑浑沌沌”。混混沌沌:迷糊不清的样子,模糊一片,不分明。浑浑沌沌:混杂、不分明的样子。
19.本题考查学生分析理解词义的能力。
“就是这样,也还是跌倒的”中的“就”是连词,即使。
A.连词,即使。
B.介词,从。
C.副词,表示坚决、肯定的语气。
D.副词,表示事实如此。
故选A。
20.本题考查学生赏析句子效果的能力。
①原文多一个“哽哽的”修饰小狗叫唤的声音,意思是叫声不连贯,不流畅,生动地写出小狗耐不住严寒、被冻得发不出声音的样子;
②原文表现小狗的脚爪被冻木了,用的是“好像它的脚爪被火烧着一样”,“被火烧”会有疼痛感,使严冬寒冷带给小狗的疼痛更加生动可感;
③原文“小狗冻得夜夜地叫唤,哽哽的,好像它的脚爪被火烧着了一样”用三个短句,简洁明快。改句是一个长句,重点不突出,表述一般。
21.(1)黑猩猩的腰椎不能自由活动 (2)就会前倾 (3)所以也就产生了问题(所以也就更加脆弱) 22.①删除“东西”;⑥“但是”“却” 保留一个;⑦删除“更加”。
【解析】21.本题考查学生语言表达之情境补写的能力。
(1)由“因此”可知此处是对前文分析的总结,前文分析了人类腰椎和黑猩猩腰椎的区别,后面有“与此相对的是,人类的骨盆纵向短,5节腰椎都可以自由活动”,可见这里应填:黑猩猩的腰椎不能自由活动。
(2)根据“腰椎都呈现出从骨盆朝前向斜上方延伸的形状”可知,“如果让脊椎保持笔直”,身体就会前倾,这与“直立的人必须使腰椎做向后的运动,才能使身体挺直”意思一致,由此可填:就会前倾。
(3)由后面内容可知,“能够活动的部位都是比较脆弱的”,而“人类的腰椎能够更自由地活动”,所以也容易出问题,可填:所以也就产生了问题(所以也就更加脆弱)。
22.本题考查学生语言表达简明的能力。
①句子中想要表达“玩具娃娃的手臂是可以转动的”,强调玩具娃娃的这个特征,原句如果加上“东西”,句子就会强调“玩具娃娃的手臂是东西”这一概念,就会改变句子语义的强调重点,也不能与后文的“所以”衔接,所以应删除“东西”;
⑥“但是”和“却”都表转折,保留一个即可;
⑦“雪上加霜”比喻一再遭受灾难,损害愈加严重,已经有“更加”的意思,所以删除“更加”即可。
23.例文:
万物“沉浸”可开时代新篇
白云苍狗烂柯泥,百代尽在俯仰间。亘古亘今,日新又新,科技进步的脚步不会停下,“沉浸式”体验已然成为时代热潮。在万物可沉浸的时代背景下,万物皆有可能。我们当以“沉浸万物”作垂天之羽,把握时机,开启新时代的华美篇章。
听“沉浸式”之清音可解劳累之疲乏。
时代的考验不断冲击着我们每个人,你我生乎于斯,为百忧感心,为万事劳形,有动于中,必摇其精,于是浑浑噩噩,惶惶不可终日,然而“沉浸式”内容的兴起,可以大大缓解如今这一迫在眉捷的社会难题。若是王勃能听此清音,或许可免于落水而死;若贾谊听此清音,或许还可创作出更多的传世名篇。“沉浸式”内容进入我们的双耳,便可慰藉你我劳累疲惫的心灵。
参与“沉浸式”体验可以更觉历史之美。
西安大唐不夜城设立诸多“沉浸式”体验馆,让游客在旅游观景的同时,感同身受地体验昔日大唐的繁华富丽,平日在书中见到的历史人物如今却站在面前,岂能不让人惊喜?假如此等技术得以广泛运用,我们又何苦于无法与古今中外之伟人交互?若是如此,有朝一日我们或可以与梭罗共赏瓦尔登湖之美景;与王阳明一起龙场悟道,高谈心学之奥;与樊锦诗一同感受敦煌壁画之瑰丽;与毛相林,黄文秀一起面对脱贫攻坚之难题。“沉浸式”科技方兴未艾,在将来的某一天,这些天马行空的幻想都将成为现实,届时,我们将与伟大灵魂心神交会,“文化自信”等时代难题也会迎刃而解。
融“沉浸式”体验入历史,可使我们踔厉奋发,笃行不怠。
曾记否,向时英雄儿女,舍命而行,远赴朝鲜,抗击美帝。如今封建之猛虎已死,帝国之贪狼已退,那些经历烽火洗礼的老英雄也渐次远去……但我们可以运用“沉浸式”科技,再现那段可歌可泣,惊天动地的伟大时代。“沉浸式”体验那段历史后,何人不是热血激昂?我们虽不能改变春秋代序的自然规律,但可用此新技,留住那些伟大灵魂在我们心中的影响。
红旗飘飘兮傲云,黄钟杳杳兮穿天。当下通往无数未来,我辈生逢今之盛世,又迎“沉浸式”技术之兴起,诚应假“沉浸式”技术之力,以其作垂天之羽,扶摇而上九重天;以其作临川之笔,续写盛世华章。
【详解】本题考查学生的写作能力。
审题:
这是一道引语式的材料作文题。
材料的核心词是“沉浸式”,并且这个网络热词从虚拟走向现实生活,随之列举了一些现实生活中的“沉浸式”,最后对“沉浸”及“沉浸式”进行评价。
从上面列举的内容及评价可以看出,写作时要注意对“沉浸式”进行肯定。从列举的内容我们可以看出,“沉浸”指的是专注、认真的态度,也可以是痴迷入境等状态。无论是“沉浸式阅读”,还是“沉浸式旅游”等各种各样沉浸式体验,都更注重人的感官体验和认知体验,是以人为本精神的体现。正因为沉浸式体验能给人带来身临其境之感,带来心灵的愉悦等良好的效果,所以为人们所青睐。但是有一些“沉浸式”要不得,比如,有些青少年甚至大人迷恋网络游戏,有孩子长期低头玩手机患上了颈椎病,有孩子沉迷手游后易躁易怒、精神萎靡……一些青少年由于自控能力较弱,过多过度投入网络游戏严重影响了正常的学习生活和身心健康,甚至导致一系列社会问题,使许多家长苦不堪言。这种“沉浸式”要不得。
写作时,我们可以先对“沉浸式”体验做出探讨,指出其特点,强调其令人“忘我”、让人全身心地投入这一突出特点。然后,可以列举现实生活中有哪些“沉浸式”;接下分析这种“沉浸式”有什么好处,以及如何做到“沉浸式”等。
立意:
1.屏蔽噪声,深度沉浸。
2.在沉浸中深入体验,在“忘我”中专心投入。
3.万物皆可沉浸,莫忘文化引领。
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2023-2024学年江苏盐城高三上学期期中语文试题(解析版)
期中考试是一次重要的阶段性测试,能够帮助学生们了解自己在这半个学期中的学习情况和进度。通过考试,学生们可以检验自己的学习成果。以下是小编为大家收集的关于江苏省盐城市2023-2024学年高三上学期期中语文试题的相关内容,供大家参考!
考前复习阶段,务必警惕这3大陷阱,避免考试发挥失常!
1. 考前施压
有的老师家长把成绩看得过重,考前不断向孩子施压,这是错误的做法。复习阶段,家长对孩子要以鼓励为主,要让孩子明白,学习态度高于一切,只要孩子付出了足够多的努力,即使成绩一时不尽如人意,也不必感到遗憾。带着自信心和平常心进入考场,才有利于孩子发挥出自己的真实水平。
2. 疲劳复习
有的家长为了让孩子考好,考前复习阶段,恨不得让孩子醒着的时候每分每秒都在学习,压缩孩子的睡眠时间,这反而容易让孩子考试失常。复习阶段,正确的方式是让孩子降低难度,回归课本,巩固好基础知识,把地基打得牢一点。
3. 忽视模拟
考前不重视模拟练习,不在心理上、策略上做好充分的准备,考场上就容易掉链子,发挥不出正常水平。复习不能只停留在对知识点的掌握上。如果在考前能够做一些模拟练习,提前适应考试状态,预演考试可能会面临的各种情况,做好相应的对策准备,孩子到了考场上,才能信心满满,游刃有余。
期中考试怎么拿高分
制定看书计划、绘出知识结构网络图,形成完整的知识结构体系
归纳过程中,要有序地多角度概括思考问题,找出内在联系。然后根据知识结构网络图去发散、联想基础知识点和每个知识点的基础题,首先学会自我检测。
紧紧抓住重点和难点,努力感悟和突破。所谓重点和难点,其实就是老师上课反复强调和题目中经常犯错的地方。
如果能集中精力把重点的内容理解透彻,熟练掌握,有助于你提高复习效率。
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