为您找到与中考备战济宁专用化学相关的共200个结果:
有没有一份良好的模拟试卷可以比较准确的检验出你的学习成绩呢?让我们来做一套试题卷吧!下面是读文网小编网络整理的2016济宁化学中考模拟试题以供大家学习参考。
下面是读文网小编整理的2016济宁化学中考模拟试题以供大家阅读。
看过“2016济宁化学中考模拟试题”
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导语:化学是一门深奥又运用广泛的学科,从初三开始学习。以下是读文网小编为你整理的有关初三化学方面的文章,希望你喜欢阅读:
一、要认真读在中考必读一书中对部分教学内容的调整和深广度作必要限定的15点说明。
二、把自己以前做过的题要进行筛选,不明白的要查漏补缺。对错题纠正并分析错题的原因,比做题本身更有价值。
三、对化学方程式做深层次的练习,按四个基本反应类型,其它类型实验现象、化学性质、色态变化、物质的制法、反应原理、用途等总部总结归纳。
四、中考是水平考试兼选拔人材的双重任务,因此要把握教学大纲,紧贴教材,在完成三本书(课本、补充教材、总复习)以后,不搞题海战术。
五、加强知识复习并参考名区模拟试题,并分析好历年中考试卷。
六、一般学生对错题分析认为是粗心所致,粗心的后隐藏着:一是基础知识不扎实;二是审题的能力不到位,要具备对题目所给的信息进行分析加工或迁移的能力。应有良好的答题习题,看到习题,要认真读完题,看到不熟的题,不要紧张,先放过去争取时间。
七、将书上有关概念重读理解,做好今年新增加的题型心理准备。
八、化学教学中的规范化要求,要强化练习。例如,化学术语、仪器、药品、名称不能出现错别字,元素符号字母大小写要规范,例如,Mg(√)mg(×);离子符号和化合价的标法要规范等,计算题解题要规范。
九、调整好心态,一般学生在做历届的中考试卷,普遍反应题不难,原因是在无压力的情况下进行练习,而中考时考生面临的是环境不熟,老师不熟以及考生在各种无声的期望中就增加了考卷的难度,要克服不利因素,调整、减轻心理压力,要根据自己的实力确定目标,树立相信自己,我行、我一定能行的成功心理。
(一)解化学计算题的程序
正确解题思路的获得是来自思维过程的程序化。解答化学计算题的思维程序大致分为三个阶段。
1.题目类型的辨别阶段
这个阶段对你正确思维起到定向作用。认真审题,如果能深刻理解所学知识,那就比较容易认清题目的类型,有关知识的复习就有了索引。若不能通过审题,确切了解题意,一开始就把题目的类型弄错了,结果只会使解题思路误人歧途。
2.有关知识的复现
这点对你正确思维起到保证作用。解计算题,必须利用自己获得的化学知识,依据题意、以题目类型为索引回忆有关知识,为找到正确的解题方法做准备。
3.问题实质的分析
这对你正确思维起到决定作用。对计算题进行实质的分析,也就是从面临的题目中抽出与题目相同的有关知识,通过对这些知识的运用,排除各种无关的或次要的因素干扰,尽快做出解答。
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学习英语需要的是在不断的练习中积累,济宁市中考英语的试题解析有哪些呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于济宁市中考英语试题的解析版,供大家参考。
一、听力选择(共5小题,计15分)(一)请听录音中五个句子.从下面所给的A、B、C三幅图片中,选出与句子内容相符的图片.(每个句子仅读一遍)
【考点】听录音选图.
【分析】略
【解答】A
【考点】听录音选图.
【分析】略
【解答】C
【考点】听录音选图.
【分析】略
【解答】A
【考点】听录音选图.
【分析】略
【解答】B
【考点】听录音选图.
【分析】略
【解答】C
二、请听录音中五组短对话.每组对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出能回答所给问题的最佳答案.(每组对话读两遍)
6.Who is using the ping﹣pong bat?
A.Sally. B.Peter. C.Linda.
【考点】短对话理解.
【分析】略
【解答】C
7.What does the man order?
A.A cup of coffee.B.Some chicken.C.A sandwich.
【考点】短对话理解.
【分析】略
【解答】A
8.What will Sally wear for the party?
A.Her old jeans.B.Her red dress.C.Her green skirt.
【考点】短对话理解.
【分析】略
【解答】C
9.How did the woman get her ticket?
A.She bought it.B.She won it.C.She got it from the man.
【考点】短对话理解.
【分析】略
【解答】C
10.What are the speakers talking about?
A.Results of the exam.B.Time for the exam.C.Change of class hours.
【考点】短对话理解.
【分析】略
【解答】B
三、请听录音中两段较长的对话.每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出能回答所给问题的最佳答案.(每段对话读两遍)
11.听第一段较长的对话,完成第 11 和第 12 两个小题.
生词:excuse[ɪkˈskju:s]n.借口,托辞
11.What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A.Teacher and student.B.Wife and husband.C.Doctor and patient.
12.What does the woman think about the man?
A.He is an honest man.
B.He is not telling the truth.
C.He is not good to his sister.
【考点】短对话理解.
【分析】略
【解答】AB
13.听第二段较长的对话,完成第13至第15三个小题.
13.What has the man lost?
A.A red backpack.B.A black backpack.C.A few Chinese books and papers.
14.What is his telephone number?
A.36879014.B.38679104.C.36780914.
15.Where does the conversation probably happen?
A.On the playground.B.In the meeting room.C.At the Lost and Found.
【考点】短对话理解.
【分析】略
【解答】BAC
二、语言知识运用(共两节,计16分)第一节单项填空(共8小题,计8分)从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳答案.
16._____ apple a day keeps the doctor away.()
A.A B.An C.The D./
【考点】不定冠词(a,an).
【分析】一日一苹果,医生远离我.
【解答】答案为B.不定冠词(a,an)表示泛指,定冠词(the)表示特指.不定冠词a、an是“一个“的意思.a与an 的区别是a用于辅音音素前,an则用于元音音素前.句子中apple是泛指苹果,而apple的音标为['æp(ə)l],apple是以元音音素开头,故答案为B.
17.﹣What a nice model plane!
﹣Thanks.I made it with 3﹣D printer by______.()
A.me B.him C.itself D.myself
【考点】反身代词.
【分析】﹣﹣多么漂亮的一架模型飞机啊!﹣﹣谢谢!我自己用3D打印机制作的.
【解答】答案D 考查反身代词,考查词组by oneself独自,根据主语I,来确定反身代词,I反身代词为myself我自己,故选:D.
18.We should be kind to the old and take care them in daily life.()
A.of B.for C.with D.about
【考点】其他介词.
【分析】我们应该善待老人,在日常生活中照顾他们.
【解答】答案:A 根据句子中take care后接介词of,构成短语take care of,后接人或事物作宾语,take care of them照顾他们,故选:A.
19.In order to pass the exam,You need to work much ________now.()
A.hard B.harder C.hardest D.hardly
【考点】副词的比较级和最高级.
【分析】为了通过考试,你现在需要学习更加努力.
【解答】答案:B.
根据In order to pass the exam,You need to work much ________now可知,为了通过考试,你现在需要学习更加努力,这是现在和过去之间的比较,应该用比较级形式;又根据much+形容词或副词的比较级,表示“更…”,此处应该是副词hard比较级形式harder修饰动词短语work,此处意思是“学习更努力”,故选B.
20.﹣_______ can you read in English?
﹣About 100words a minute.()
A.How far B.How much C.How fast D.How many
【考点】疑问词组.
【分析】﹣﹣用英语阅读你能有多快?
﹣﹣每分钟大约100个单词.
【解答】答案:C how far表示有多远,询问距离; how much表示多少,或程度,或询问价格,对不可数名词的量进行提问;how many表示多少,对可数名词的量进行提问;how fast表示有多快,询问速度;根据答语中“每分钟可阅读大约100个词”可知这是询问阅读的速度,故选:C.
21.The show was so funny that it made everyone ______ again and again.()
A.laugh B.laughed C.laughing D.to laugh
【考点】非谓语动词.
【分析】这个节目如此有趣以至于使每个人都笑了一次又一次.
【解答】答案:A.
根据The show was so funny that it made everyone ______ again and again,可知这里考查了make sb do sth.让某人做某事.后面跟的是动词原形.故选A.
22.Huang Xiaoming and Angelababy_____ over 10,000,000yuan to help the poor in 2015.()
A.gave up B.gave off C.gave out D.gave away
【考点】动词短语.
【分析】2015年黄晓明和Angelababy捐款1千多万元帮助贫困的人.
【解答】答案:D
根据选项意思give up“放弃”,giveoff“送出或发出(光等)”give out“用完; 分发或散发某物”,give away,“免费送出某物;赠送”,结合句中Huang Xiaoming and Angelababy_____ over 10,000,000yuan to help the poor in 2015,的关键词over 10,000,000yuan 可推知2015年黄晓明和Angelababy给贫困的人捐赠了1千多万元,故选D
23.We have been expecting Rio 2016 Olympics_______ the Olympic flame(圣火) was lit.()
A.if B.unless C.since D.though
【考点】从属连词.
【分析】自从奥运圣火点燃之后我们一直期待着2016里约奥运会.
【解答】答案:C;
根据语境以及上下文,本题考查的是连词的用法.主句用的是现在完成进行时,表示动作从某一时间开始,一直持续到现在.根据设空处前后句可以推测本句的句意是“自从奥运圣火点燃之后我们一直期待着2016里约奥运会.”表示“自从…”在现在完成时中用since,故选C.
三、完形填空(共1小题,计8分)阅读下面短文,从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案.
24.Once there was a king.He was wise but everyone was afraid of him.His face showed the sadness deep in his heart.So there were deep(24)Alines(皱纹)on his face.
In his country lived a beautiful girl.Everyone seemed to love her,so did the king.Hewanted to(25)Dher,and finally he decided to speak to her of his love.After he dressed in his best clothes,he looked in the(26)C,but he saw a hard face,(27)Bwhen he tried to smile.
“How about wearing a mask(面具)?“he thought.Then he ordered his magician to paint a mask that looked kind and happy and handsome.The magician (28)Cand said:“But you must keep your own face in the same lines that I paint and be kind to all people from your heart.If not,the mask will break.“The mask looked so (29)Cthat no one new it was not the true face of the king.Months passed,the beautiful lady got married to the king,and the king treated everyone (30)Bto keep the mask from breaking.
At last,the king didn't want to cheat his beautiful wife any more.(31)Ahe asked the magician to take the mask off.Surprisingly,he found his face was just like the mask he had worn for so long!
This story tells us that a man is what he is in his heart.
24.A.ugly B.kind C.beautiful D.peaceful
25.A.love B.hate C.kill D.marry
26.A.wall B.door C.mirror D.window
27.A.yet B.even C.just D.still
28.A.looked B.refused C.agreed D.laughed
29.A.sad B.happy C.natural D.serious
30.A.badly B.kindly C.coldly D.differently
31.A.So B.Or C.But D.However.
【考点】记叙文.
【分析】从前有一个国王,他很聪明但每个人都害怕他.他的脸上显示出他心底深深的悲伤,因此他的脸上有很多又深又丑的皱纹.
在他的国家,有一个美丽的姑娘.似乎每一个人都爱她,国王也是.他想娶她,最终他决定向那个姑娘表白.当他穿上自己最好的衣服,看着镜子,即使他努力微笑,他看到的还是一张难看的脸.“戴着面具怎么样?”他想.然后,他让魔法师画一张面具令他看起来亲切、快乐、帅气.魔法师答应了并嘱咐他:“你必须保持你的脸跟我画的面具吻合,并且从心底里亲切对待每一个人.如果不这样做,面具就会破碎.”面具看起来非常自然,以至于没有人发现这不是国王自己的脸.几个月过去了,美丽的姑娘嫁给了国王,国王一直亲切地对待每个人以防止面具破碎.
最终,国王再也不想欺骗他美丽的妻子.因此,他让魔法师把面具拿走了.令人惊讶的是,他发现他的脸跟长久以来所戴的面具一样了.
这个故事告诉我们:相由心生.
【解答】24:A ugly 丑陋的;kind 亲切的;beautiful 美丽的;peaceful 平静的.他的脸上有很多很深_的皱纹,根据句意,此处应选ugly 丑陋的.
25:D love 爱;hate 厌恶;kill 杀害;marry 与…结婚.根据“Everyone seemed to love her,so did the king.”可知,此处应该填marry 与…结婚.
26:C wall 墙;door 门;mirror 镜子;window 窗户.由“he saw a hard face”可知他是在照镜子,所以此处应选mirror 镜子.
27:B yet 还,但是;even 甚至,即使;just 仅仅;still 仍然.他努力微笑,他看到的依然是一张难看的脸.根据句意,此处应选even 即使.
28:C looked 看起来;refused 拒绝;agreed 同意;laughed 笑.由短文可知,魔法师给国王做了面具,所以此处应选agreed 同意.
29:C sad 伤心的;happy 快乐的;natural 自然的;serious 严肃的.由下文“no one knew it was not the true face of the king”可知,此处应填natural自然的.
30:B badly 恶劣地;kindly 亲切地;coldly 冷淡地;differently 不同地.由上文魔法师的要求“be kind to all people”可知此处应为kindly 亲切地.
31:A So 因此,所以;Or 或者;But 但是;However 然而.国王再也不想欺骗他美丽的妻子,_他让魔法师把面具拿走了,根据句意知此处为因果关系,所以选so 因此,所以.
#p#副标题#e#
三、阅读理解(共4小题,计24分)阅读下面短文,从每小题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案.
32.Summer vacation is coming.Do you want to enjoy some films?Here are four great ones tobe on show.
New Times Movie Theatre
32.10﹣year﹣old Tom should payAif he watches Where are we going,Dad?
A.¥15 B.¥20 C.¥30 D.¥35
33.If you love a super hero,you can watchB.
A.Where are we going,Dad?B.Ant﹣Man C.Finding Dory D.The Martian
34.Mike should get to the theatre beforeCto enjoy a cartoon film.
A.9:00a.m.Saturday B.2:00p.m.Saturday
C.9:00a.m.Sunday D.3:00p.m.Sunday
35.From The Martian we know thatD.
A.there are many challenges in a forest trip B.Lang can protect the magic suit
C.Dory experiences a lot under the sea D.the astronaut can live on the Mar.
【考点】广告布告类阅读;文中细节.
【分析】暑假快要到了.你想要看电影吗?这有四部上映的好电影.
新时代电影院
爸爸去哪儿?
时间:周六上午九点﹣﹣上午十一点半
票价:十五元(七岁以下免费)
这部电影讲述了爸爸与孩子的一次丛林旅行.旅行期间,他们遇到了很多危险与挑战…
蚁人
时间:周六下午两点﹣﹣下午四点
票价:二十元(七岁以下免费)
这是一部科幻电影,讲述了一位叫Long的超级英雄.他不得不保护一件神奇战服避免落入坏人手中.穿上这件战服,Long就会变得跟蚂蚁一样小,并且拥有一些能力…
海底总动员2:寻找多莉
时间:周日上午九点﹣﹣上午十一点
票价:30元(七岁以下免费)
寻找多莉是一部动画片,讲述了海底鱼类一次难以忘怀的旅行…
火星救援
时间:周日下午三点﹣﹣下午五点
这是一部科幻电影,讲述了一个成功在火星居住的宇航员的故事…
【解答】32.答案:A 细节理解题 根据price:15(free for kids under 7)可知,对于十岁的Tom看《爸爸去哪儿》应付15元.故选A.
33.答案:B 细节理解题 根据This is a science fiction films about a super hero可知,喜欢超级英雄可选择《蚁人》.故选B
34.答案:C 细节理解题 根据Finding Dory is a cartoon可知,《寻找多莉》是一部动画片;再根据Time:9:00 am﹣﹣11:00 am Sunday可知,要想看这部电影必须在周日九点前到电影院.故选C.
35.答案:D 细节理解题 根据This is a science fiction films about an astronaut who succeeds in living on the Mar可知,电影《火星救援》讲述了一位宇航员在火星成功居住的故事.故选D.
36.I arrived in the UK last weekend to learn English.So far I have already made a few friends and had some traditional English food there.But after having three days of hamburgers,sandwiches and potatoes,I thought none could be more delicious than Chinese food,especially my favorite﹣huo guo.You can't imagine how excited I was when I got to know that there was going to be a free meal of hotpot to welcome the new students.On the way to thecanteen,I seemed to smell huo guo in the air.
To my surprise,when I stepped into the room,I didn't see any sign of huo guo.Where was it?
With many questions in my head,I sat down to have the free meal.After talking with an English girl,I got to know that Chinese huo guo is completely different from hotpot.Chinesehuo guo is written in two words﹣hot pot; and hotpot,one word,is a traditional English dish.
Hotpot is made from mutton and onion.On the top are pieces of potatoes.People put it in the oven all day in a heavy pot on a low heat.It takes very little effort to prepare.You can often see it at parties in the UK because it's easy to prepare for a large number of people and is not expensive.
Hotpot doesn't taste bad.However,I still miss huo guo﹣hot pot,two words!
36.The writer felt excited when she learnt she wouldD.
A.learn English in the UK B.meet some new friends
C.have hamburgers and potatoes D.have her favorite food
37.The underlined word“canteen“means a place for people toC.
A.play sports B.have parties
C.have food and drink D.buy books and magazines
38.Hotpot is often prepared for parties because it isC.
A.very popular B.quite expensive C.easy to prepare D.good for health
39.After the free meal,the writer learnt thatA.
A.“hotpot“wasn't“hot pot”B.hotpot took little time to cook
C.hotpot wasn't traditional in the UK D.the English girl knew little about hotpot.
【考点】人物故事类阅读;文中细节.
【分析】全文大意:
上个周末我到达英国去学习英语.到目前为止我已经交了好几个朋友品尝了那里一些传统的英国食品.但是吃了三天的汉堡包、三明治和土豆,我认为没有一样食物比中国食物美味,尤其是我最喜欢的火锅.当我得知有免费的火锅来欢迎新同学时你很难想象我有多兴奋.在我去餐厅的路上,我似乎闻到了空气中弥漫的火锅的香味.令我惊奇的是,当我踏进餐厅时,我没有看到任何火锅的迹象.它在哪儿呢?带着满脑子的疑问,我坐下吃了起来.在和一个英国女孩聊天之后,我知道中国的火锅和英国的火锅完全不同.中国的火锅用两个单词写成即hot pot;一个单词的hotpot是英国的火锅.英国火锅(hotpot)是用羊肉和洋葱上面放上土豆块制成.人们把这些食材放在一个非常重的锅里在炉子上用文火烹制一天.准备英国火锅花费很少精力.你可以经常在英国的聚会上见到,因为很容易为众多的人准备这种火锅而且不贵.英国的火锅(Hotpot)味道不错,然而我仍然想念火锅(两个单词的hot pot).
【解答】答案:
36、D 细节理解题 根据第一段You can't imagine how excited I was when I got to know that there was going to be a free meal of hotpot to welcome the new students.“当我得知有免费的火锅来欢迎新同学时你很难想象我有多兴奋”可知他要吃他最喜欢的火锅了,故选D
37、C 词义猜测题 根据第一段最后一句On the way to thecanteen,I seemed to smell huo guo in the air.“在我去…的路上,我似乎闻到了空气中弥漫的火锅的香味”结合下文可猜测canteen是吃饭的地方,故选C
38、C 细节理解题 根据第四段You can often see it at parties in the UK because it's easy to prepare for a large number of people and is not expensive“你可以经常在英国的聚会上见到,因为很容易为众多的人准备这种火锅而且不贵”可知之所以在聚会上准备这种食物是因为容易准备,故选C
39、A 细节理解题 根据短文最后一段Hotpot doesn't taste bad.However,I still miss huo guo﹣hot pot,two words“英国的火锅(Hotpot)味道不错,然而我仍然想念火锅(两个单词的hot pot)”可知吃了这顿免费一餐以后,作者知道了英国火锅(Hotpot)和中国火锅(hot pot)是截然不同的两种食物,故选A
40.2016is the Year of the Monkey.Monkeys are so smart and cute,and so many people like
them.They have become a part of culture.Here are some stories to help you learn more about them.
New stamps for the year
The China Post Group made special stamps for the year.They made two styles.On the first one,a monkey hangs on a branch(树枝),holding a big red peach.This means to give luck to people.On the other stamp,a mother monkey holds two monkey babies in her arms.It shows the happy reunion(团聚) of families.The monkey stamps were for sale on Jan.5th.
Monkey show
In China,there is an ancient drama called Monkey Show.It tells the story of Monkey King.When actors perform,they will paint“monkey faces“with colors.Red is the main color.Interestingly,they don't draw eyebrows(眉毛).
Influence on personality
In Chinese culture,the monkey is a symbol of wisdom.Those who were born in the Year ofthe Monkey are said to be smart and outgoing.They are also said to have strong leadership and social skills.They can solve all kinds of problems in life and be kind to others.
Fun Fact
Did you know?The world's smallest monkey is the finger monkey.It is only 10cm tall.They live in the Amazon rainforest (亚马逊雨林) of South America.Amazingly,they can turn their heads 180degrees.
40.Which of the following stamp means“the happy reunion of families“?C
41.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?B
A.Actors learn how to paint“monkey faces“from Monkey Show.
B.Those born in the Year of the Monkey are thought to be friendly.
C.Stories about the Year of the Monkey is the culture of many countries.
D.The finger monkey which is 180cm tall is the smallest in the world.
42.The best title of this passage isA.
A.Year of Monkey B.New Monkey Stamps
C.Monkey Show D.Different Monkeys.
【考点】社会文化类阅读;判断推理;内容归纳.
【分析】2016年是猴年.猴子很聪明可爱,许多人都喜欢..他们已经成为一种文化.有一些故事能帮助你了解他们.
年票
中国邮政做了特别的年票.他们做了两种.第一种,一个猴子悬挂在树枝上,拿着一只大红桃,这预示着给人们带来好运,另一张,一个猴妈妈怀里抱着两个猴宝宝.预示着家庭甜蜜的团聚.这些猴票在一月五号出售.
猴戏
中国有一种古老的戏剧叫猴戏.说的是猴王的故事.演员表演的时候,他们会用各种颜色画猴脸,红色是主色,有趣的是,他们不画眉毛.
对人物性格的影响
在中国文化中,猴子是智慧的象征,在猴年出生的孩子被说是聪明和外向的,他们也被认为有很强的领导能力和社交能力,他们可以解决生活中的各种问题,对别人友善.
有趣的事实
你知道吗?世界上最小的猴子是手指猴子.只有10cm高.他们生活在亚马逊雨林南美洲.令人惊讶的是,它们的头可以转动180.
【解答】40.答案:C.细节理解题.根据On the other stamp,a mother monkey holds two monkey babies in her arms.It shows the happy reunion(团聚) of families一个猴妈妈怀里抱着两个猴宝宝.预示着家庭甜蜜的团聚,故选C.
41.答案:B.细节理解题.根据They can solve all kinds of problems in life and be kind to others可知猴年出生的孩子被认为是友好的,故选B.
42.答案:A.标题判断题.本文是说到了2016年是猴年,说到了猴年的文化等等,故选A.
43.Fraser Island is in Queensland,Australia,about 200
kilometers north of Brisbane.It is about 120kilometers long and 240 kilometers wide.It is a very important island because it is completely made of sand.In fact,it is the largest sand island inthe world.There is no airport on the island,but there is a longbeach along the east coast.Planes arrive and leave from here.
The sand makes unusual shapes.There are hills made of sand called sandblows.Nothing grows on them.Theymove one or two meters a year from the northwest towards the southeast of the island,getting bigger and bigger.At other places on the island,such as Rainbow Gorge,The Cathedrals and Red Canyon,the sandy rocks have different colors.Sometimes the rocks areso brown that they turn the sea brown,like coffee.
Surprisingly,the sandy island has a lot of different plants and animals.There are dark forests﹣eucalyptus woods,beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes.There are many kinds of birds,like owls and curlews.There are many animals there,too,such as crocodiles,flying foxes and wild dogs called dingoes.
About 500,000 people visit the island every year to see the island's beauty and nature.People enjoy camping and hiking(徒步)there.Unluckily,the visitors create problems.They damage plants and frighten animals.Their sun cream(防晒霜)makes the water dirty.So it isnecessary to manage the visitors.For example,people may not use motor boats or go fishing inthe lakes,and they need official papers to drive there.
43.The passage is mainly aboutB.
A.the shape of Fraser Island B.nature on Fraser Island
C.the history of Fraser Island D.daily life on Fraser Island
44.From Para.1we knowA.
A.how large Fraser Island is
B.Fraser Island is the largest island
C.many people live on Fraser Island
D.people will build an airport there
45.The underlined word“They“in Para.2refers to(指)theB.
A.unusual shapes B.sandy hills C.sandy rocks D.different plants
46.From the 3rd paragraph we can infer(推断)thatAis a kind of plant.
A.eucalyptus B.owl C.curlew D.dingo
47.Visitors may not be allowed toDon Fraser Island soon.
A.camp and hike B.go fishing in the sea
C.wear sun cream D.drive without official papers.
【考点】史地常识类阅读;文中细节.
【分析】全文大意:
弗雷泽沙岛在澳大利亚的昆士兰,布里斯班以北约200公里.它120公里长,240公里宽.这是一个非常重要的岛,因为它完全是沙子做的.事实上,它是世界上最大的沙岛.岛上没有机场,但沿着东海岸有一个长滩.飞机从这里到达和离开.
沙子是不寻常的形状.这里沙子做的山叫sandblows(沙吹).沙山山寸草不生.它们在这个岛上每年从西北向东南移动一到两米,越来越大.在岛上的其它地方,如彩虹峡谷,大教堂和红峡谷,砂质岩有不同的颜色,有时岩石是棕色的,它们把大海变成褐色,像咖啡一样.
令人惊讶的是,砂岛上有很多不同的植物和动物,有深林﹣﹣桉树林,美丽的鲜花和一百多个湖,有许多种类的鸟,像猫头鹰和杓鹬.那里有很多的动物,也如鳄鱼,狐蝠和野生的狗,称之为叫野狗.
每年都有约五十万人参观这个岛.他们来看岛上的美景和自然风光.在这里,人们喜欢露营和远足.不幸的是,游客产生了许多问题.他们破坏植物和惊吓到动物.他们的防晒霜污染了水质.因此,管理访客显得非常重要.例如,人不得使用机动船或去湖里钓鱼,他们如果开车到那里需要官方文件.
【解答】43.B.内容归纳.题目要求“概括本文主要的内容”,纵观全文,本文主要描述的是弗雷泽沙岛的地理位置,地形,沙山,动植物等自然风光.同时依据答案A选项为弗雷泽沙岛形状;B选项为弗雷泽沙岛的自然风光;C选项为弗雷泽沙岛历史;D选项为弗雷泽沙岛的日常生活.可知B项正确.故选B
44.A.细节题.题目要求概括第一段大意.根据第一段的It is about 120 kilometers long and 240 kilometers wide.可知,本段主要讲述的是弗雷泽沙岛的面积.故选A
45.B.推理题.题目要求指出“They”指代的内容.根据第二段There are hills made of sand called sandblows.Nothing grows on them.可知They指代的是前面提及的hills.故选B
46.A.推理题.题目要求找出一种植物的名称.根据第三自然段There are dark forests﹣eucalyptus woods.破折号后面指代的名词为一种植物的名称.故选A
47.D.推理题.题目要求“在不久的将来,在弗雷泽沙岛将会被允许做什么”可推测现在在这个岛屿什么事情是不能做的,通过第四段内容They need official papers to drive there.可推测在不久的将来人们可以不用官方纸质许可即可驱车来到这个岛屿.故选D
四、听力填词(共1小题,计5分)请听下面一段独白.根据所听到的内容,写出可以填入下表1~5空格处的适当单词,每空限填一词.(录音读两遍)
48.Activities for the first school day
What to do When Where
listen to a (48)
welcomespeech at 9:00a.m. in the school hall
visit the exhibition at (49)
9:30 on the (50)
2nd/secondfloor of the office building
visit science (51)
labs at 10:20 the science building
ask questions at 11:00 in the (52)meetingroom.
【考点】短文理解.
【分析】略
【解答】1.welcome
2.9:30
3.2nd/second
4.labs
5.meeting
五、单词拼写与运用(共8小题,计8分)根据句意完成已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词,使补全后的句子意思通顺,语法正确.
53.Mount Tai is 1545 meters highabove sea level.
【考点】首字母填空.
【分析】泰山海拔高1545米.
【解答】答案:high.
根据Mount Tai is 1545 meters h…above sea level可知本句的意思是泰山海拔高1545米.一般情况下,表示某某有多高用…meters high.结合首字母h,可知应该是high,高的,形容词.故填:high.
54.There is a famous saying,“East or west,home is the best.“
【考点】首字母填空.
【分析】有一句著名的谚语“金窝,银窝不如自己的狗窝”.
【解答】答案:west.
根据There is a famous saying,“East or w…,home is the best可知这里说的是中国有句著名谚语翻译成“金窝,银窝不如自己的狗窝”,在这里用East or west表相对,泛指各个地方,故填west.
55.You can lose weightby eating less and keeping exercise more.
【考点】首字母填空.
【分析】你可以通过少吃东西和多做运动来减肥.
【解答】答案:weight.
根据You can lose w…by eating less and keeping exercise more和首字母w,再结合生活常识,推断可知应该是:少吃东西和多做运动是减肥的一种方法.weight,名词,重量,体重,lose weight减肥.故填:weight.
56.I didn't sleepwell.I woke up several times during the night.
【考点】首字母填空.
【分析】我睡得不好,夜里醒了好几次.
【解答】答案:sleep 根据题干I woke up several times during the night.夜里醒了好几次.再结合首字母s,推断可知,上文应该是说睡得不好.didn't+动词原形.sleep,睡,睡觉,动词.故填:sleep.
57.Please keepquiet(安静)when you are in a library.
【考点】翻译填空.
【分析】当你在图书馆时,请保持安静.
【解答】答案:quiet 根据题干Please keep____(安静)when you are in a library.可知句意为:当你在图书馆时,请保持安静.keep+形容词,保持某种状态.quiet,形容词,安静的.故填:quiet.
58.Do you need todiscuss(讨论)the problem in groups?
【考点】翻译填空.
【分析】你需要小组讨论这个问题吗?
【解答】答案:discuss 根据题干Do you need to______(讨论)the problem in groups?可知句意为:你需要小组讨论这个问题吗?need to+动词原形.discuss,讨论,动词.故填:discuss.
59.Students should answer questions loudly andclearly(清楚)in class.
【考点】翻译填空.
【分析】学生在课堂上要大声、清晰地回答问题.
【解答】答案:clearly 根据题干Students should answer questions loudly and___(清楚)in class.可知句意为:学生在课堂上要大声、清晰地回答问题.修饰动词answer,应该用副词.clearly,清楚地,副词.故填:clearly.
60.Jack looked through theintroduction(介绍)about the book before he decided to buy it.
【考点】翻译填空.
【分析】Jack在决定买这本书之前,先浏览了一下关于这本书的介绍.
【解答】答案:introduction 根据题干Jack looked through the_____(介绍)about the book before he decided to buy it.可知句意为:Jack在决定买这本书之前,先浏览了一下关于这本书的介绍.the+名词.introduction,介绍,名词.这本书的介绍,是一个介绍,应该用单数.故填:introduction.
六、动词运用(共2小题,计7分)阅读下面短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词.
61.It's four o'clock in the afternoon.Some students(61)are talking(talk) about the future.Here is one of their predictions.
I believe we will be able to live in the space.There(62)will be(be) many big clean hotels in the space.We can fly our rockets to the space hotel there.And also we (63)can play(play) sports and enjoy all kinds of interesting food in the sky.﹣John.
【考点】语法填空;记叙文.
【分析】现在是下午四点,一些学生在谈论未来,这是他们的预测之一.
我相信我们将能够生活在太空中.在太空中会有很多大的干净的酒店那儿.我们能乘坐火箭到达那儿的太空酒店.而且我们也能在天空中做运动和享受各种有趣的食物.__John.
【解答】61.are talking;动词时态判断题 根据文章第一句It's four o'clock in the afternoon.现在是下午四点.可知说的是现在正在发生的事情,应该用现在进行时态.现在进行时态构成:am/is/are+doing.主语是Some students,应该用are talking,故填:are talking;
62.will be; 动词时态判断题 根据文章第一段中 Some students(61)are talking(talk) about the future.Here is one of their predictions.可知是在谈论未来.结合前句 I believe we will be able to live in the space的时态所以应该用一般将来时态.一般将来时态构成:will+动词原形.故填:will be.
63.can play 动词时态判断题 根据第二段中We can fly our rockets to the space hotel there.And also we (63)_____(play) sports and enjoy all kinds of interesting food in the sky.前面一句是说:我们能乘坐火箭到达那儿的太空酒店.And连接并列的句子,结合上文推断可知,下文应该也是能做的事情,用一般现在时.can+动词原形,故填:can play.
64. Lisa Hawkins loves riding her BMX bike (极限单车)nd her dream a
is to go to the Olympics.
Lisa first got interested in BMX racing at the age of ten.Once she
hired a bike for a pound and immediately(64)fell(fall) in love with the sport.“It was the best pound I ever spent,“she says.Lisa is only 16 but shehasalready(65)had(have) lots of success,and got first prize in a world BMX competition last year.BMX racing is quite a dangerous sport.But this didn't stop her(66)wanting(want) to do more competition.Lisa exercises every
day.Like many sports people,she (67)believes(believe) in luck as well as hard
work.
【考点】语法填空;人物故事类阅读;阅读填空.
【分析】Lisa Hawkins 热爱极限单车运动,她的梦想是参加奥运会.Lisa最初对极限单车运动感兴趣是在十岁时.有一次她花一英镑租了一辆车,很快就爱上了这项运动.她说“这是我花的最有价值的一英镑”Lisa 现在只有16岁,但是她已经取得了许多成功.去年她在世界极限单车比赛中获一等奖.极限单车运动是一项非常危险的运动.但是这并没有阻止她想参加更多的比赛.Lisa每天训练.像其他许多运动员一样,她相信运气也相信努力.
【解答】64.答案:fell. 动词时态运用题;根据上文的时间状语为at the age of ten,Once she hired a bike for a pound and immediately(64)…(fall) in love with the sport结合句中并列谓语 hired,故这里也用一般过去时,fall的过去式是fell,(fall in love with 爱上…)故答案是fell.
65、答案:has; had.动词时态运用题;根据句中的already表示已经,表示他获得奖项的动作发生在过去,对现在造成一定影响用现在完成时have/has+过去分词,主语she,故has,括号中的have表示有,过去分词是had,故答案是has; had.
66、答案:wanting.固定用法运用题;结合前面的 stop her,联想到stop停止的用法stop sb doing sth阻止某人做某事,故wanting.
67、答案:believes.动词时态运用题;这里是说客观事实用一般现在时,主语she三单,故用believes.
七、阅读表达(共1小题,计10分)阅读短文,根据要求完成文后的题目.
68.There was a man who had four sons.He wanted his sons to learn
not to judge things too quickly.So he sent them to go and look at a pear
tree far away in turns.
The first son went in the winter,the second in the spring,the third insummer,and the youngest son in the fall.
When they had all gone and come back,he called them together to describe what they had seen.
The first son said that the tree was ugly.The second son said no; it was covered with green leaves,and full of hope.The third son disagreed.He said there were many flowers that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful,it was the most wonderful thing he had ever seen.The last son disagreed with all of them,he said there was lots of fruit in the tree,full of life and harvest(收获).
The man then explained to his sons that they were all right,but they had each seen only one season in the tree's life.He told them“You cannot judge a tree,or a person by only one season and its true nature﹣the pleasure,joy,and love that come from that life can only be judged at the end,when all the seasons are up.“
If you give up when it's winter,you will miss the promise of your spring,the beauty of your summer,harvest of your fall.Don't let the pain of one season kill the joy of all the rest.
68.Why did the man ask his sons to go and look at a pear tree in turns?(no more than 15 words)Because he wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly
69.Did the four sons have the same answer?(no more than 5words)No,they didn't
70.What did the man think about his sons'answers?(no more than 20words)He thought they were all right,but they had each seen only one season in the tree's life.
71.请将文中画线的句子翻译成汉语.不要让一个季节的痛苦毁掉其他季节的欢乐./不要让一时的痛苦破坏了余下的快乐.
72.请给短文拟一个适当的英文题目.Don't judge a life/tree/person by one season..
【考点】任务型阅读;人生感悟类阅读.
【分析】从前有一个人,他有四个儿子.他希望儿子们能学会不急于对事物下结论,于是依次派四个儿子出去,让他们去远方看一棵梨树.
就这样,大儿子冬天前往,二儿子春天启程,三儿子夏天出发,而小儿子则是在秋天动身的.
等儿子们都去过回来之后,这位父亲把他们叫到一起,让他们描述各自的所见.大儿子说梨树很难看.二儿子却说并非如此,相反,梨树绿芽初发,生机勃勃.三儿子不同意他们的看法,他说那颗梨树花苞满树、芬芳扑鼻、赏心悦目,是他见过的最美丽的事物.小儿子的意见跟他们都不一样,他说那棵树果实累累,成熟在望,充满了生机和收获.
这位父亲说他们答得都对,但是他们都只看到了梨树生命中的一个季节.他告诉他们:不应仅凭一个季节来判断一棵树,一个人;最后,到所有的季节都已过去时,才能衡量一个人的本质,以及他生命中的快乐、喜悦和爱.
如果你在寒冬时放弃,你将失去春之希望,夏之灿烂,秋之收获.所以,不要让一时的痛苦毁弃你所有其他的快乐.
【解答】68.Because he wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly.细节理解题.根据短文He wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly.So he sent them each on a quest(探索)in turn可知,这位父亲想让他的儿子学会不要急于对事物下结论.故答案为:Because he wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly.
69.No,they didn't.推理判断题.根据The first son said that the tree was ugly.The second son said no; it was covered with green leaves,and full of hope.The third son disagreed.He said there were many flowers that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful,it was the most wonderful thing he had ever seen.The last son disagreed with all of them,he said there was lots of fruit in the tree,full of life and harvest(收获),可知大儿子说梨树很难看.二儿子却说并非如此,相反,梨树绿芽初发,生机勃勃.三儿子不同意他们的看法,他说那颗梨树花苞满树、芬芳扑鼻、赏心悦目,是他见过的最美丽的事物.小儿子的意见跟他们都不一样,他说那棵树果实累累,成熟在望,充满了生机和收获.所以可以判断出四个人的答案都不一样.故答案为:No,they didn't.
70.He thought they were all right,but they had each seen only one season in the tree's life.细节理解题.根据The man then explained to his sons that they were all right,but they had each seen only one season in the tree's life.可知,这位父亲同意他的儿子的看法,但是他们都只看到了梨树生命中的一个季节.故答案为:He thought they were all right,but they had each seen only one season in the tree's life.
71.不要让一个季节的痛苦毁掉其他季节的欢乐/不要让一时的痛苦破坏了余下的快乐..英汉互译题.根据Don’t let the pain of one season kill the joy of all the rest.可知这里let sb do sth意思是让某人做某事,在这里是一个祈使句,在前面直接加don't构成了祈使句的否定句,the pain of one season 表示一个季节的痛苦,the joy of all the rest表示其他季节的欢乐,所以可以翻译成不要让一个季节的痛苦毁掉其他季节的欢乐./或引申为:不要让一时的痛苦破坏了余下的快乐.故答案为:不要让一个季节的痛苦毁掉其他季节的欢乐/不要让一时的痛苦破坏了余下的快乐.
71.Don't judge a life/tree/person by one season.主旨大意题.根据The man explained that all of his sons were right,but each of them had seen just one season of the tree.He told them that they couldn’t judge a tree or a person by only one season.可知这位父亲说他们答得都对,但是他们都只看到了梨树生命中的一个季节.他告诉他们:不应仅凭一个季节来判断一棵树,一个人.所以本文的题目是:Don't judge a life/tree/person by one season.
八、写作(共1小题,计15分)
73.假如你是李梅.你的美国笔友 Tom 在昨天的E﹣mail中告诉你,最近他对中国文化产生了浓厚的兴趣,希望你能给他介绍一些经典故事.请你根据下面所给图画,给Tom回复一封E﹣mail,向他讲述这一经典故事,并希望知道他对该故事及主人公的看法.
Sima Guang hit the tank(缸)
要 求:
1.文章需包括所有图画的内容,可以适当发挥,使全文连贯;
2.文中不得出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息;
3.100 词左右(邮件的开头、结尾已给出,不计入总词数).
【考点】图画作文.
【分析】这是一篇图画作文.内容是给Tom回复一封E﹣mail,向他讲述司马光砸缸的故事,并希望知道他对该故事及主人公的看法.注意邮件的格式.时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时.人称主要为第三人称.
写作思路:考生需要首先审清主题,围绕主题展开作文.
其次考生可从以下几个方面展开作文,即本文的写作要点:
1描述图画:司马光和朋友一起玩捉迷藏,旁边有一口装满水的缸,一个小孩掉进缸里,其他小孩吓坏了,司马光想出主意,捡起石头扔向缸,缸破了,小孩得救了.
2询问对该故事及主人公的看法.
常用到的重点短语:
be interested in 对…感兴趣
fall into 掉入
be full of 充满
pick up 捡起
【高分句型】
1.I’m very happy①that you②are interested in traditional Chinese stories.
①that引导的宾语从句.
②be interested in 对…感兴趣
2①.When the kids were playing,one child accidentally ②fell into the tank.
①when引导的时间状语从句.
②fall into 掉入
3.Other children were so frightened that they started to run,crying for help.
so…that…如此…以致于…,that引导的结果状语从句.
【解答】Dear Tom,
I’m very happy that you are interested in traditional Chinese stories.【高分句型】Well,let me tell you a famous one with the name“Sima Guang hit the tank”.
Once Sima Guang was playing hide and seek with several children in the backyard.There was a large water tank in the yard.It was full of water.(第一幅图)When the kids were playing,one child accidentally fell into the tank.【高分句型】Other children were so frightened that they started to run,crying for help.【高分句型】(第二幅图)However,Sima Guang was different.He thought it over and then had an idea.He picked up a big stone and threw it at the tank.(第三幅图)“Bang!“,the tank broke and the water ran out.The kid was saved.(第四幅图)
Do you like the story?What do you think of Sima Guang?(询问对该故事及主人公的看法.)
I am looking forward to hearing from you.
Li Mei
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中考是人生的重要转折点,同学们要如何备考呢?下面是读文网小编为大家带来的关于济宁市中考英语试题,希望会给大家带来帮助。
一、听力选择 (共 15 小题,计 15 分)
(一)请听录音中五个句子。从下面所给的 A、B、C 三幅图片中,选出与句子内容相
符的图片。 (每个句子仅读一遍)
(二)请听录音中五组短对话。每组对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项
中,选出能回答所给问题的最佳答案。 (每组对话读两遍)
6. Who is using the ping-pong bat?
A. Sally. B. Peter. C. Linda.
7. What does the man order?
A. A cup of coffee. B. Some chicken. C. A sandwich.
8. What will Sally wear for the party?
A. Her old jeans. B. Her red dress. C. Her green skirt.
9. How did the woman get her ticket?
A. She bought it. B. She won it. C. She got it from the man.
10.What are the speakers talking about?
A. Results of the exam. B.Time for the exam. C.Change of class hours.
(三)请听录音中两段较长的对话。每段对话后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个
选项中,选出能回答所给问题的最佳答案。 (每段对话读两遍)
听第一段较长的对话,完成第 11 和第 12 两个小题。
生词:excuse [ɪkˈskju:s] n. 借口,托辞
11.What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A.Teacher and student. B. Wife and husband. C.Doctor and patient.
12.What does the woman think about the man?
A.He is an honest man.
B.He is not telling the truth.
C.He is not good to his sister.
听第二段较长的对话,完成第 13 至第 15 三个小题。
英语试题 第 2 页(共 10 页)
13. What has the man lost?
A. A red backpack. B. A black backpack. C. A few Chinese books and papers.
14. What is his telephone number?
A. 36879014. B. 38679104. C. 36780914.
15. Where does the conversation probably happen?
A.On the playground. B. In the meeting room. C. At the Lost and Found.
注 意:请同学们翻到第 8 页,找到第Ⅱ卷第四大题,继续做听力填词题。
二、语言知识运用(共两节,计 16 分)
第一节 单项填空(共 8 小题,计 8 分)
从每小题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出一个能填入句中空白处的最佳答案。
16._____ apple a day keeps the doctor away.
A. A B. An C. The D./
17. —What a nice model plane!
— Thanks. I made it with 3-D printer by______.
A. me B. him C. itself D. myself
18.We should be kind to the old and take care them in daily life.
A. of B. for C. with D. about
19. In order to pass the exam, You need to work much ________now.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly
20. —_______ can you read in English?
— About 100 words a minute.
A. How far B. How much C. How fast D. How many
21. The show was so funny that it made everyone ______ again and again.
A. laugh B. laughed C. laughing D. to laugh
22. Huang Xiaoming and Angelababy_____ over 10,000,000 yuan to help the poor in 2015.
A. gave up B. gave off C. gave out D. gave away
23. We have been expecting Rio 2016 Olympics_______ the Olympic flame(圣火) was lit.
A. if B. unless C. since D. though
第二节 完形填空(共 8 小题,计 8 分)
阅读下面短文,从每小题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出一个能填入文中相应空白处
的最佳答案。
英语试题 第 3 页(共 10 页)
Once there was a king. He was wise but everyone was afraid of him. His face showed the
sadness deep in his heart. So there were deep 24 lines(皱纹)on his face.
In his country lived a beautiful girl. Everyone seemed to love her, so did the king. He
wanted to 25 her, and finally he decided to speak to her of his love. After he dressed in his
best clothes, he looked in the 26 , but he saw a hard face, 27 when he tried to smile.
"How about wearing a mask(面具)?" he thought. Then he ordered his magician to paint a
mask that looked kind and happy and handsome. The magician 28 and said: "But you must
keep your own face in the same lines that I paint and be kind to all people from your heart. If not,
the mask will break." The mask looked so 29 that no one knew it was not the true face of
the king. Months passed, the beautiful lady got married to the king, and the king treated
everyone 30 to keep the mask from breaking.
At last, the king didn't want to cheat his beautiful wife any more. 31 he asked the
magician to take the mask off. Surprisingly, he found his face was just like the mask he had worn
for so long!
This story tells us that a man is what he is in his heart.
24. A. ugly
25. A. love 26. A. wall
27. A. yet
28. A. looked
29. A. sad
30. A. badly
31. A. So
B. kind
B. hate B. door
B. even
B. refused B. happy
B. kindly
B. Or
C. beautiful
C. kill
C. mirror
C. just
C. agreed C. natural
C. coldly
C. But
D. peaceful
D. marry
D. window
D. still
D. laughed D. serious
D. differently
D. However
三、阅读理解(共 16 小题,计 24 分)
阅读下面短文,从每小题 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出能回答所提问题或完成所给
句子的最佳答案。
A
Summer vacation is coming. Do you want to enjoy some films? Here are four great ones to
be on show.
New Times Movie Theatre
英语试题 第 4 页(共 10 页)
32. 10-year-old Tom should pay _______ if he watches Where are we going, Dad?
A. ¥15 B. ¥20 C. ¥30 D. ¥35
33. If you love a super hero, you can watch _______.
A. Where are we going, Dad? B. Ant-Man C. Finding Dory D. The Martian
34. Mike should get to the theatre before _______ to enjoy a cartoon film.
A. 9:00 a.m. Saturday B. 2:00 p.m. Saturday
C. 9:00 a.m. Sunday D. 3:00 p.m. Sunday
35. From The Martian we know that _______.
A. there are many challenges in a forest trip B. Lang can protect the magic suit
C. Dory experiences a lot under the sea D. the astronaut can live on the Mar
B
I arrived in the UK last weekend to learn English. So far I have already made a few friends and had some traditional English food there. But after having three days of hamburgers, sandwiches and potatoes, I thought none could be more delicious than Chinese food, especially my favorite —huo guo. You can't imagine how excited I was when I got to know that there was going to be a free meal of hotpot to welcome the new students. On the way to the canteen, I seemed to smell huo guo in the air.
To my surprise, when I stepped into the room, I didn't see any sign of huo guo. Where was
it?
With many questions in my head, I sat down to have the free meal. After talking with an English girl, I got to know that Chinese huo guo is completely different from hotpot. Chinese
huo guo is written in two words-hot pot; and hotpot, one word, is a traditional English dish.
Hotpot is made from mutton and onion. On the top are pieces of potatoes. People put it in the oven all day in a heavy pot on a low heat. It takes very little effort to prepare. You can often see it at parties in the UK because it's easy to prepare for a large number of people and is not expensive.
Hotpot doesn't taste bad. However, I still miss huo guo-hot pot, two words!
英语试题 第 5 页(共 10 页)
36. The writer felt excited when she learnt she would _______.
A. learn English in the UK B. meet some new friends
C. have hamburgers and potatoes D. have her favorite food
37. The underlined word "canteen" means a place for people to _______.
A. play sports B. have parties
C. have food and drink D. buy books and magazines
38. Hotpot is often prepared for parties because it is_______.
A. very popular B. quite expensive C. easy to prepare D. good for health
39. After the free meal, the writer learnt that_______.
A. "hotpot" wasn't "hot pot" B. hotpot took little time to cook
C. hotpot wasn't traditional in the UK D. the English girl knew little about hotpot
C
2016 is the Year of the Monkey. Monkeys are so smart and cute, and so many people like
them. They have become a part of culture. Here are some stories to help you learn more about
them.
New stamps for the year
The China Post Group made special stamps for the year. They made two styles. On the first
one, a monkey hangs on a branch(树枝), holding a big red peach. This means to give luck to
people. On the other stamp, a mother monkey holds two monkey babies in her arms. It shows the
happy reunion(团聚) of families. The monkey stamps were for sale on Jan.5th.
Monkey show
In China, there is an ancient drama called Monkey Show. It tells the story of Monkey King.
When actors perform, they will paint "monkey faces" with colors. Red is the main color.
Interestingly, they don't draw eyebrows(眉毛).
Influence on personality
In Chinese culture, the monkey is a symbol of wisdom. Those who were born in the Year of
the Monkey are said to be smart and outgoing. They are also said to have strong leadership and social skills. They can solve all kinds of problems in life and be kind to others.
Fun Fact
Did you know? The world's smallest monkey is the finger monkey. It is only 10cm tall.
They live in the Amazon rainforest (亚马逊雨林) of South America. Amazingly, they can turn
their heads 180 degrees.
40. Which of the following stamp means "the happy reunion of families"?
A. B. C. D.
41. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Actors learn how to paint "monkey faces" from Monkey Show.
B. Those born in the Year of the Monkey are thought to be friendly.
C. Stories about the Year of the Monkey is the culture of many countries.
D. The finger monkey which is 180cm tall is the smallest in the world.
英语试题 第 6 页(共 10 页)
42. The best title of this passage is _______.
A. Year of Monkey B. New Monkey Stamps
C. Monkey Show D. Different Monkeys
D
Fraser Island is in Queensland, Australia, about 200
kilometers north of Brisbane. It is about 120 kilometers long and 240 kilometers wide. It is a very important island because it is
completely made of sand. In fact, it is the largest sand island in
the world. There is no airport on the island, but there is a long
beach along the east coast. Planes arrive and leave from here.
The sand makes unusual shapes. There are hills made of sand called sandblows. Nothing
grows on them. They move one or two meters a year from the northwest towards the southeast of the island, getting bigger and bigger. At other places on the island, such as Rainbow Gorge,
The Cathedrals and Red Canyon, the sandy rocks have different colors. Sometimes the rocks are
so brown that they turn the sea brown, like coffee.
Surprisingly, the sandy island has a lot of different plants and animals. There are dark
forests—eucalyptus woods, beautiful flowers and over a hundred lakes. There are many kinds of
birds, like owls and curlews. There are many animals there, too, such as crocodiles, flying foxes and wild dogs called dingoes.
About 500,000 people visit the island every year to see the island's beauty and nature.
People enjoy camping and hiking(徒步)there. Unluckily, the visitors create problems. They damage plants and frighten animals. Their sun cream(防晒霜)makes the water dirty. So it is
necessary to manage the visitors. For example, people may not use motor boats or go fishing in
the lakes, and they need official papers to drive there. 43. The passage is mainly about _______.
A. the shape of Fraser Island
C. the history of Fraser Island
44. From Para.1 we know _______.
A. how large Fraser Island is
C. many people live on Fraser Island
B. nature on Fraser Island
D. daily life on Fraser Island
B. Fraser Island is the largest island
D. people will build an airport there
45. The underlined word "They" in Para. 2 refers to(指)the________.
A. unusual shapes B. sandy hills C. sandy rocks D. different plants
46. From the
3rd
paragraph we can infer(推断)that ________ is a kind of plant.
A. eucalyptus B. owl C. curlew D. dingo
47. Visitors may not be allowed to _______ on Fraser Island soon.
A. camp and hike B. go fishing in the sea
C. wear sun cream D. drive without official papers
第Ⅱ卷 (非选择题 共 45 分)
四、听力填词(共 5 小题,计 5 分)
请听下面一段独白。根据所听到的内容,写出可以填入下表 1~5 空格处的适当单词,
每空限填一词。 (录音读两遍)
Activities for the first school day
What to do When Where
listen to a 1._______ speech at 9:00 a.m. in the school hall
visit the exhibition at 2._____ on the 3._______ floor of the office building
visit science 4._______ at 10:20 the science building
ask questions at 11:00 in the 5._________ room
五、单词拼写与运用(共 8 小题,计 8 分)
根据句意完成已给出首字母或汉语提示的单词,使补全后的句子意思通顺,语法正确。
1. Mount Tai is 1545 meters h _______ above sea level.
2. There is a famous saying, "East or w_______, home is the best."
3. You can lose w_______ by eating less and keeping exercise more.
4. I didn't s _______ well. I woke up several times during the night.
5. Please keep _______(安静)when you are in a library.
6. Do you need to _______(讨论)the problem in groups?
7. Students should answer questions loudly and _______(清楚)in class.
8. Jack looked through the ______(介绍)about the book before he decided to buy it.
六、动词运用(共 7 小题,计 7 分)
阅读下面短文,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空, 必要时可加助动词或情态动词。
A
It's four o'clock in the afternoon. Some students 1 (talk) about the future. Here is one of
their predictions.
I believe we will be able to live in the space. There 2 (be) many big clean hotels in the
space. We can fly our rockets to the space hotel there. And also we 3 (play) sports and enjoy
all kinds of interesting food in the sky. — John
B
Lisa Hawkins loves riding her BMX bike (极限单车)nd her dream a
is to go to the Olympics.
Lisa first got interested in BMX racing at the age of ten. Once she
hired a bike for a pound and immediately 4 (fall) in love with the
sport. "It was the best pound I ever spent," she says. Lisa is only 16 but
she 5 already 5 (have) lots of success, and got first prize in a
world BMX competition last year. BMX racing is quite a dangerous sport. But this didn't stop her 6 (want) to do more competition. Lisa exercises every
day. Like many sports people, she 7 (believe) in luck as well as hard
work.
七、阅读表达 (共 5 小题,计 10 分)
阅读短文,根据要求完成文后的题目。
There was a man who had four sons. He wanted his sons to learn
not to judge things too quickly. So he sent them to go and look at a pear
tree far away in turns.
The first son went in the winter, the second in the spring, the third in
summer, and the youngest son in the fall.
When they had all gone and come back, he called them together to
describe what they had seen.
The first son said that the tree was ugly. The second son said no; it
was covered with green leaves, and full of hope. The third son disagreed. He said there were
many flowers that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful, it was the most wonderful thing he had ever seen. The last son disagreed with all of them, he said there was lots of fruit in the tree,
full of life and harvest(收获).
The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, but they had each seen only one season in the tree's life. He told them"You cannot judge a tree, or a person by only one season
and its true nature —the pleasure, joy, and love that come from that life can only be judged at the
end, when all the seasons are up."
If you give up when it's winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the beauty of your
summer, harvest of your fall. Don't let the pain of one season kill the joy of all the rest.
1. Why did the man ask his sons to go and look at a pear tree in turns? (no more than 15
words)
2. Did the four sons have the same answer? (no more than 5 words)
3. What did the man think about his sons' answers? (no more than 20 words)
4. 请将文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。
5. 请给短文拟一个适当的英文题目。
八、写 作(共 1 小题,计 15 分)
假如你是李梅。你的美国笔友 Tom 在昨天的 E-mail 中告诉你,最近他对中国文化产
生了浓厚的兴趣,希望你能给他介绍一些经典故事。请你根据下面所给图画,给 Tom 回复
一封 E-mail,向他讲述这一经典故事,并希望知道他对该故事及主人公的看法。
Sima Guang hit the tank(缸)
play hide and seek(捉迷藏), full of water fall into, be frightened(惊恐的),
cry, run for help
think over, pick up, throw at break, be saved
要 求:
1. 文章需包括所有图画的内容,可以适当发挥,使全文连贯;
2. 文中不得出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息;
3. 100 词左右(邮件的开头、结尾已给出,不计入总词数) 。
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在中考到来之前,同学们要总结知识点,大量做题,从中找出自己的不足。下面是读文网小编为大家带来的关于济宁市中考政治试题,希望会给大家带来帮助。
第I卷(选择题共20分)
选择题(每小题2分, 共20分)
1.D 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.B
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共40分)
1.(1)自尊。(2分)
(2)①他们谨记“耻辱戒指”的教训,维护自尊,知荣辱,讲自爱;②他们对工作一丝不苟,兢兢业 业,积极向上;③他们取得了非凡的成就,为学校争得了荣誉,赢得了社会的赞誉和尊重。(每点2分,共6分。凡不结合材料者折半扣分)
2.(1)友善;敬业。(2分)
(2)①关爱、帮助他人,与人为善;②孝敬父 母,孝老爱亲;③增强社会责任感,勇于承担责任,服务社会,奉献社会;④培养艰苦奋斗的优良品质,继承和发扬艰苦创业精神;⑤弘扬中华优秀传统文化,继承中华传统美德。(答出其中3点即可,每点2分,共6分)
3.(1)尊重理解父母;克服逆反心理,学会与父母沟通。(2分)
(2)劝说李芳退货;如果商家不同意,可以向消协投诉。(2分)
(3)捏造事实、歪曲视听的行为是违法行为; 要知法守法,同违法行为作斗争。(2分)
(4)利用多种形式宣传生态保护与建设的意义;向有关部门举报乱投垃圾的行为。(2分)
4.(1)①坚持依法治国的基本方略,做到有法可依、 有法必依、执法必严、违法必究;②国家的一切权力属于人民,人民当家作主。权力由人民赋予,受人民监督;③法律由国家强制力保证实施,对全体社会成员具有普遍约束力(或:公民在法律面前人人平等);④党和政府致力于维护社会公平正义,构建和谐社 会;⑤中国共产党坚持立党为公、执政为民,宗旨是全心全意为人民服务。(答出其中的3点即可,每点2分,共6分)
(2)①有利于扩大对外开放,加强与世界各国的交流与合作,促进区域经济合作,提高我国的综合国力;②有利于带动我国西部地区的发展,缩小东西部之间的差距,实现全体人民的共同富裕;③有利于促进民族地区发展,实现各民族共同繁荣;④有利于中外文化交流,促进文化更加繁荣;⑤有利于提高我国的国际地位,树立和平、合作、负责任大国的形象。(答出其中的3点即可,每点2分,共6分)
(3)①树立远大理想,把个人理想与全面建成小康社会的奋斗目标结合起来,勇于承担时代赋予的历史责任;②努力学习,不断提高自身的思想道德素质和科学文化素 质;③勇于创新,敢于创造,不懈追求,积极投身社会实践,为国家和社会作出奉献。(答出其中的2点即可,每点2分,共4分)
评分说明:对于第Ⅱ卷的答案,在层次上、文字上不要求与本答案要点完全一致,只要其基本意思与答案要点一致即可给该要点的分。但意思不明确、答案不完整的应酌情扣分。
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尽可能多的做练习题可以帮助同学对所学知识点加以巩固,接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于2017学初三备战中考语文练习试题精选,希望会对大家有所帮助。
一、积累与运用(20分)
1.下列各组加点字注音全都正确的一项是( )。(2分)
A.荇藻(xìng) 白桦(huá) 蘸着(zhàn) 簇新(cù)
B.掠过(lüě) 蜗行(wō) 淤滩(yū) 驳船(bó)
C.胚芽(pēi) 虔信(qián) 深邃(suì) 纤绳(qiàn)
D.黝黑(yōu) 瞰望(kàn) 彻骨(chè) 绯红(fēi)
2.根据语境和拼音填写汉字。(2分)
(1)“宁为安全qiáo cuì,______不为事故流泪。”这是技术保障大队的一条警句。
(2)穿着灰布衣服的人群,从披着chén xī______的破屋中出来。(选自艾青《吹号者》)
(3)文学能给人的情感带来深刻的wèi jiè ______。
(4)春天,堤上繁花如jǐn zhàng______。
3.给下列诗句划分朗读停顿。(2分)
(1)为什么我的眼里常含泪水?因为我对这土地爱得深沉……
(2)只有那辽远的一角依然完整,温暖,明朗,坚固而蓬勃生春。
(2)只有那辽远的一角/依然完整,温暖,明朗,坚固/而蓬勃生春。
4.下列诗句中没有运用想象这种表现手法的一项是( )。(2分)
A.为什么我的眼里常含泪水?因为我对这土地爱得深沉
B.江南的水田,你当年新生的禾草/是那么细,那么软
C.(我)是“飞天”袖间/千百年未落到地面的花朵
D.我瞧见它那浑浊的胸膛/在夕阳下闪耀金光
5.下列句子没有语病的一项是( )。(3分)
A.通过中国男子足球队在巴西世界杯预选赛上的表现,使我们认识到具有良好的心态是非常重要的
B.我们的报刊、电视、网络和宣传媒体,更有责 任做出表率,杜绝用字不规范现象
C.李娜获得法网冠军的经历告诉我们,是否具有坚定的获胜信念是成功的前提
D.西安世园会会徽取名“长安花”,由西安籍著名平面设计师、北京申奥标志设计者陈绍华设计
6.按照提示默写诗句。(6分)
(1)这天清晨,阔别祖国二十载的张叔叔在我的陪同下登上了凤凰山顶,看着雾霭中的这片土地,他不由得潸然泪下,吟诵起《我爱这土地》中的诗句:________________ ?______________……
(2)而现在/乡愁是______________/我在这头/大陆在那头。
(3)你以伤痕累累的乳房/喂养了/__________、__________、____________。
(4)永结无情游,___________。(李白《月下独酌》)
(5)___________,胜作一书生。(杨炯《从军行》)
(6)在今年的春节联欢晚会上有一个有奖征集对联活动,其中出的一副上联是:《游子吟》《乡愁》《静夜思》《荷塘月色》,有观众对了一副下联是:《江南忆》《背影》《红楼梦》《慈母情深》,请你从上下联所列的诗词中任选一首写出完整的两句,并标明作者。
__________,__________。( )
7.为了帮助同学们了解诗歌知识,提升朗诵和鉴赏诗歌的能力,某班级组织了一次“诗歌朗诵欣赏会”。
(1)为了帮助同学们明确“诗歌朗诵欣赏会”的意义,营造人人参与活动的氛围,请你拟写两句内容相关、形式对称的话,作为宣传标语。(1分)
(2)活动进行到“读优美诗歌,品人间真情”的环节时,主持人安排了《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》和《黑人谈河流》的朗诵,请你为这两首诗的朗诵写几句串场词。
刚才我们欣赏了田博同学朗诵的《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》,________
______,下面就让我们来欣赏王佳同学朗诵的《黑人谈河流》。(1分)
(3)李清同学朗诵了下面一首小诗,听后请按要求完成题目。(1分)
一个扛着梯子走的人/在大街上走来走去/他在寻找从哪里/可以登上青天。
这首诗能给人深刻的人生启示,从肯定的角度看,是写出了人物内心深处的精神渴望。如果从否定的角度看,可以有什么理解?请谈谈你的看法。
我认为,这首诗讽刺了________的人。
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中考化学知识点归纳最新完整版免费
中考是人生道路上第一个转折点,中考会决定学生的高中学校,那么关于中考我们应该怎么复习呢?以下是小编准备的一些中考化学知识点归纳最新完整版,仅供参考。
一、认真审题
它是快速准确解答试题的重要环节。仔细研读题目,把题目中的关键字眼做记号。尤其对于看似简单,貌似做过的题更要认真审题,切不可为省时间草草作答,这样容易使会做的题丢分。
二、合理分配时间
要合理安排答题时间,稳中求快,不可草草完成试卷,不要依靠等做完了再检查再修改,要力争一次成功。时间安排要留有余地,要有足够时间检查试卷,遇到难题可先放下,不要因为这一小题而使整套试卷不能完成。可把不会做或不能确定答案的题目做上记号,等全套试卷做完若有剩余时间再回来做。
三、认真检查,改正错误
检查不用面面俱到,着重从以下几个方面检查:
一要检查试题是否全部答完,有无漏答或没有答全的;
二要检查解题步骤是否完整、是否规范;
三要根据自己平时考试曾经出现的问题,有针对性地检查。如: 查错别字“饱和 乳化 活性炭 金刚石 吸附”等.
查化学方程式(配平、条件、气体或沉淀符号等)。
查化学计算,相对分子质量的准确性,数据的准确性。
查括号内的要求,有无按括号内的要求作答。
四、具体题型分析
(一)选择题:
题干中的关键词有:“正确”或“不正确”或“错误;
选项中的关键词有:足量的__、过量的__、适量的__、或一定是、不一定是……等。
看全面。ABCD四个选项都要看,这样可以避免选出“好像正确”的“陷阱”答案,是保证选择题不扣分、解决马虎的好办法。
做标记。标记出否定叙述,要求选出“不正确”或“错误”选项的题,考生在审题时要做个标记,以便在答题和检查时提醒自己别选成“正确”的。
留痕迹。错误选项在审题时可以在选项上划一个小小的“\”,组合式的选择题更要把错误的或正确的标记出来,这也是帮助考生答对题的好办法。
巧联系。选择题的答题方法是多样化的,既能从题干出发作答,也能从选项出发作答,要看清楚选项与选项之间的区别与联系,合理采用排除法、比较法、代入法、猜测法等方法。
查涂卡。检查分析的和答题卡上涂的是否一致,如分析是B对,可是涂卡是D。
(二)填空题:
填空题的关键词有:选“是”或“不是”;“能”或“不能”;
“一定”或“不一定”, 从“大到小”“ 从小到大”或,填序号、填名称、填化学式等。
(1)看清要求。让写元素名称不要写元素符号;让写化学式不要写成物质名称,如果题目没要求写名称还是化学式,最好写名称,以免因化学式写错或写得不规范造成扣分。要求填序号的不要写物质名称或化学式,要求写化学方程式不要写成化学式。
(2)不写错别字。如“石蕊”写成“石芯”,“碳”和“炭”不分,“饱和”写成“饱合”,“长颈漏斗”写成“长劲漏斗”等。
(3)化学用语的书写要规范。如元素符号别忘记了大小写的原则,化学方程式要记住配平,状态符号不要漏标注,反应条件要写清。离子符号和化合价符号要正确标注等。
(4)填空题里若有选择,不一定是单选。
(三)推断题:找到突破口,顺藤摸瓜。
推断题的突破口是一眼就能认出来的物质或反应。
特殊颜色(包括固体和溶液)
特殊性质(如CO,H2,C的还原性,CaO与水反应放出大量的热等)
典型用途(如作干燥剂的CaO,焙制糕点、治疗胃酸的NaHCO3,做建筑材料或补钙剂的CaCO3等)
特殊条件(水通电分解,CO在高温下还原Fe2O3等)。
找到突破口后,可根据突破口的具体位置进行正推或者逆推。
如果实在没有思路,可以结合后面的问题,有时问题中也会隐含某些信息。
(四)实验探究题 :保五分争七分
一般来说,实验探究题是中考化学难度最大的一道题,也是最具有选拔性质的一道题。题目共七个填空,每空一分,共七分,一般情况下前三空与最后两空相对简单,基本上是对基础知识的的考察,切记语言叙述要规范,做到不丢分。中间两空较难,一般为实验方案的设计、知识的综合运用或迁移等。这两分要反复研读题目,充分利用题中给出的信息(如查阅资料),敢于大胆猜测,即使没有十足把握,也要把你认为正确的答案写上,千万不能空白。
(五)计算题:找准已知、所求,分步计算多得分。
要注意步骤清晰,解、设、列、答齐全,书写格式和单位、有效数字(要看清结果保留几位小数)等都应规范。另外还要注意以下细节:
化学方程式要写完整;
相对原子质量要用试卷上的,计算时一定要先化简,再计算,至少计算两次;
题设中x不要带单位,已知量要带单位计算;
答题过程中,题干中及前一问的数据可以直接使用,其他数据必须有计算过程。
计算题的评分标准是分步给分的。“不全会不等于全不会”,哪怕只写对化学方程式也能得到一定的分数。切不可列一步到位的综合算式,防止因计算结果出错而多扣了应得分数。
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中考化学知识点归纳总结最新完整版
中考是人生道路上第一个转折点,中考会决定学生的高中学校,从而影响学生的高考,对学生的命运起到一定的影响作用。以下是小编准备的一些中考化学知识点归纳总结完整版,仅供参考。
一、勤于预习,善于听课做笔记
课前一定要预习,预习时,除了要把新课内容仔细读一遍外,还应在不懂处作上记号,并试着做一做课本上的练习。这样带着疑问、难点,听课的效率就会____地提高。初中化学内容比较多,知识比较零散,老师在讲课时,着重围绕重点内容进行讲授。因此要仔细听课,认真做笔记,这不仅有利于进行课后复习,掌握重点,而且还可以有效地预防上课时“走神”。
二、常复习,多记忆
课后应及时复习,认真做好作业,这是学好化学的重要环节。复习可采用课后复习、单元复习、章节复习、综合复习等。复习的方法有复述、默写、做联系等。只有通过多次复习才能牢固地掌握知识。现行初中化学课本中有多个基本概念和原理,要求掌握的元素符号二十多个,还有许多的化学式和化学方程式以及其他一些知识。要牢记化学的各个名词,定义,并且要仔细加以区分,比如化合物,纯净物,单质,混合物,它们的定义不但牢记,还要加以区分,比较,要扣定义里面字眼,谁包括谁都要搞清。常见的化学反应是必须牢记的,要会默写,条件(加热、光照、催化剂),箭头(可逆,不可逆)都需要注意,化学中的公式,就像记数学公式那样把它理解,记住,融会贯通,灵活运用。
三、吃透课本,联系实际
以课本为主线,认真吃透课本,这是学好化学的根本。为此,必须善于阅读课本,做到课前预读、课后细读、经常选读等,既重视主要内容,也不忽视小字部分、一些图表、资料及选学内容。中学化学内容与生活、生产联系紧密。这就要求我们在学习化学的同时,应尽量联系生产、生活实际,从身边的生活中发现化学,体味化学,这样就能越学越有兴趣,越学越想学,越学越爱学。
四、重视实验,培养兴趣
化学是一门以实验为基础的学科,要认真、细致地观察老师的演示实验,认真做好每一次分组实验,对实验所用的仪器、药品、装置以及实验原理、步骤、现象和注意事项,都必须弄清、记熟。
五、注意记忆,准备“两本”
化学有其“特殊的语言系统,”对化学用语及其他知识点,好学易忘,要注意运用一些有效的记忆方法如:韵语记忆、谐音记忆、歌诀记忆等方法把要求记住的内容,轻松记住,如学习氢气还原氧化铜实验时,我们用歌诀帮助记忆:
先铺黑粉氧化铜,固定试管稍下倾;再通氢气半分钟,然后点燃酒精灯;
粉末变红停加热,试管冷却再停氢;若先点灯易爆炸,若先停氢易氧化。
这样既记住了实验步骤,又指出了易错点。
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中考冲刺数学知识点有哪些呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于初三数学备战中考知识点大全,希望会给大家带来帮助。
三、常用数学公式
公式分类 公式表达式
乘法与因式分解 a2-b2=(a+b)(a-b)
a3+b3=(a+b)(a2-ab+b2)
a3-b3=(a-b(a2+ab+b2)
一元二次方程的解 -b+√(b2-4ac)/2a
-b-√(b2-4ac)/2a
根与系数的关系 X1+X2=-b/a
X1*X2=c/a 注:韦达定理
某些数列前n项和
1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+…+n=n(n+1)/2 1+3+5+7+9+11+13+15+…+(2n-1)=n2
2+4+6+8+10+12+14+…+(2n)=n(n+1) 12+22+32+42+52+62+72+82+…+n2=n(n+1)(2n+1)/6
13+23+33+43+53+63+…n3=n2(n+1)2/4 1*2+2*3+3*4+4*5+5*6+6*7+…+n(n+1)=n(n+1)(n+2)/3
正弦定理 a/sinA=b/sinB=c/sinC=2R
注:其中 R 表示三角形的外接圆半径
余弦定理 b2=a2+c2-2accosB
注:角B是边a和边c的夹角
初中几何常见辅助线作法歌诀汇编
图中有角平分线,可向两边作垂线。
也可将图对折看,对称以后关系现。
角平分线平行线,等腰三角形来添。
角平分线加垂线,三线合一试试看。
线段垂直平分线,常向两端把线连。
要证线段倍与半,延长缩短可试验。
三角形中两中点,连接则成中位线。
三角形中有中线,延长中线等中线。
平行四边形出现,对称中心等分点。
梯形里面作高线,平移一腰试试看。
平行移动对角线,补成三角形常见。
证相似,比线段,添线平行成习惯。
等积式子比例换,寻找线段很关键。
直接证明有困难,等量代换少麻烦。
斜边上面作高线,比例中项一大片。
半径与弦长计算,弦心距来中间站。
圆上若有一切线,切点圆心半径连。
切线长度的计算,勾股定理最方便。
要想证明是切线,半径垂线仔细辨。
是直径,成半圆,想成直角径连弦。
弧有中点圆心连,垂径定理要记全。
圆周角边两条弦,直径和弦端点连。
弦切角边切线弦,同弧对角等找完。
要想作个外接圆,各边作出中垂线。
还要作个内接圆,内角平分线梦圆。
如果遇到相交圆,不要忘作公共弦。
内外相切的两圆,经过切点公切线。
若是添上连心线,切点肯定在上面。
要作等角添个圆,证明题目少困难。
辅助线,是虚线,画图注意勿改变。
假如图形较分散,对称旋转去实验。
基本作图很关键,平时掌握要熟练。
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历年来中考化学这些考点在试卷中出现的频率非常高,同学们务必要把这27个基础概念性的知识点掌握牢固,在考场中才能取得优异成绩。接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于2017年中考化学基础概念考点汇总,希望会给大家带来帮助。
基本概念 :
1、化学变化:生成了其它物质的变化
2、物理变化:没有生成其它物质的变化
3、物理性质:不需要发生化学变化就表现出来的性质
(如:颜色、状态、密度、气味、熔点、沸点、硬度、水溶性等)
4、化学性质:物质在化学变化中表现出来的性质
(如:可燃性、助燃性、氧化性、还原性、酸碱性、稳定性等)
5、纯净物:由一种物质组成
6、混合物:由两种或两种以上纯净物组成,各物质都保持原来的性质
7、元素:具有相同核电荷数(即质子数)的一类原子的总称
8、原子:是在化学变化中的最小粒子,在化学变化中不可再分
9、分子:是保持物质化学性质的最小粒子,在化学变化中可以再分
10、单质:由同种元素组成的纯净物
11、化合物:由不同种元素组成的纯净物
12、氧化物:由两种元素组成的化合物中,其中有一种元素是氧元素
13、化学式:用元素符号来表示物质组成的式子
14、相对原子质量:以一种碳原子的质量的1/12作为标准,其它原子的质量跟它比较所得的值
某原子的相对原子质量=
相对原子质量≈质子数+中子数(因为原子的质量主要集中在原子核)
15、相对分子质量:化学式中各原子的相对原子质量的总和
16、离子:带有电荷的原子或原子团
注:在离子里,核电荷数=质子数≠核外电子数
17、四种化学反应基本类型:
①化合反应:由两种或两种以上物质生成一种物质的反应
如:A+B=AB
②分解反应:由一种物质生成两种或两种以上其它物质的反应
如:AB=A+B
③置换反应:由一种单质和一种化合物起反应,生成另一种单质和另一种化合物的反应
如:A+BC=AC+B
④复分解反应:由两种化合物相互交换成分,生成另外两种化合物的反应
如:AB+CD=AD+CB
18、还原反应:在反应中,含氧化合物的氧被夺去的反应(不属于化学的基本反应类型)
氧化反应:物质跟氧发生的化学反应(不属于化学的基本反应类型)
缓慢氧化:进行得很慢的,甚至不容易察觉的氧化反应
自燃:由缓慢氧化而引起的自发燃烧
19、催化剂:在化学变化里能改变其它物质的化学反应速率,而本身的质量和化学性在化学变化前后都没有变化的物质(注:2H2O2===2H2O+O2↑此反应MnO2是催化剂)
20、质量守恒定律:参加化学反应的各物质的质量总和,等于反应后生成物质的质量总和。
(反应的前后,原子的数目、种类、质量都不变;元素的种类也不变)
21、溶液:一种或几种物质分散到另一种物质里,形成均一的、稳定的混合物
溶液的组成:溶剂和溶质。(溶质可以是固体、液体或气体;固、气溶于液体时,固、气是溶质,液体是溶剂;两种液体互相溶解时,量多的一种是溶剂,量少的是溶质;当溶液中有水存在时,不论水的量有多少,我们习惯上都把水当成溶剂,其它为溶质。)
22、固体溶解度:在一定温度下,某固态物质在100克溶剂里达到饱和状态时所溶解的质量,就叫做这种物质在这种溶剂里的溶解度
23、酸:电离时生成的阳离子全部都是氢离子的化合物
如:HCl==H++Cl-
HNO3==H++NO3-
H2SO4==2H++SO4-
碱:电离时生成的阴离子全部都是氢氧根离子的化合物
如:KOH==K++OH-
NaOH==Na++OH-
Ba(OH)2==Ba2++2OH-
盐:电离时生成金属离子和酸根离子的化合物
如:KNO3==K++NO3-
Na2SO4==2Na++SO4-
BaCl2==Ba2++2Cl-
24、酸性氧化物(属于非金属氧化物):凡能跟碱起反应,生成盐和水的氧化物
碱性氧化物(属于金属氧化物):凡能跟酸起反应,生成盐和水的氧化物
25、结晶水合物:含有结晶水的物质
26、潮解:某物质能吸收空气里的水分而变潮的现象
风化:结晶水合物在常温下放在干燥的空气里,能逐渐失去结晶水而成为粉末的现象
27、燃烧:可燃物跟氧气发生的一种发光发热的剧烈的氧化反应
燃烧的条件:①可燃物;②氧气(或空气);③可燃物的温度要达到着火点。
看过2017年中考化学基础概念考点汇总的还看了:
5.
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化学学科在初中时初三才学的,很多学生对于化学方程式都比较头疼,接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于2017中考化学复习化学方程式汇总,希望会给大家带来帮助。
C+O2点燃=CO2(氧气充足的情况下)现象:生成能让纯净的石灰水变浑浊的气体
2C+O2点燃=2CO(氧气不充足的情况下)现象:不明显
高温
C+2CuO=2Cu+CO2↑现象:固体由黑色变成红色并减少,同时有能使纯净石灰水变浑浊的气体生成
高温
3C+2Fe2O3=4Fe+3CO2↑现象:固体由红色逐渐变成银白色,同时黑色的固体减少,有能使纯净的石灰水变浑浊的气体生成
CO2+C高温=2CO现象:黑色固体逐渐减少
3C+2H2O=CH4+2CO现象:生成的混和气体叫水煤气,都是可以燃烧的气体
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初中只有初三才有化学课,所以化学是最容易复习的,那么初三化学有哪些简单规律的知识点呢?接下来是读文网小编为大家带来的关于2017年中考化学知识点简单规律的汇总,希望会给大家带来帮助。
一、初中化学中的“三”
1、构成物质的三种微粒是分子、原子、离子。
2、还原氧化铜常用的三种还原剂氢气、一氧化碳、碳。
3、氢气作为燃料有三大优点:资源丰富、发热量高、燃烧后的产物是水不污染环境。
4、构成原子一般有三种微粒:质子、中子、电子。
5、黑色金属只有三种:铁、锰、铬。
6、构成物质的元素可分为三类即(1)金属元素、(2)非金属元素、(3)稀有气体元素。
7,铁的氧化物有三种,其化学式为(1)FeO、(2)Fe2O3、(3) Fe3O4。
8、溶液的特征有三个(1)均一性;(2)稳定性;(3)混合物。
9、化学方程式有三个意义:(1)表示什么物质参加反应,结果生成什么物质;(2)表示反应物、生成物各物质问的分子或原子的微粒数比;(3)表示各反应物、生成物之间的质量比。
化学方程式有两个原则:以客观事实为依据;遵循质量守恒定律。
10、生铁一般分为三种:白口铁、灰口铁、球墨铸铁。
11、碳素钢可分为三种:高碳钢、中碳钢、低碳钢。
12、常用于炼铁的铁矿石有三种:(1)赤铁矿(主要成分为Fe2O3);(2)磁铁矿(Fe3O4);(3)菱铁矿(FeCO3)。
13、炼钢的主要设备有三种:转炉、电炉、平炉。
14、常与温度有关的三个反应条件是点燃、加热、高温。
15、饱和溶液变不饱和溶液有两种方法:(1)升温、(2)加溶剂;不饱和溶液变饱和溶液有三种方法:降温、加溶质、恒温蒸发溶剂。(注意:溶解度随温度而变小的物质如:氢氧化钙溶液由饱和溶液变不饱和溶液:降温、加溶剂;不饱和溶液变饱和溶液有三种方法:升温、加溶质、恒温蒸发溶剂)。
16、收集气体一般有三种方法:排水法、向上排空法、向下排空法。
17、水污染的三个主要原因:(1)工业生产中的废渣、废气、废水;(2)生活污水的任意排放;(3)农业生产中施用的农药、化肥随雨水流入河中。
二、化学中的“一定”与“不一定”
1、化学变化中一定有物理变化,物理变化中不一定有化学变化。
2、金属常温下不一定都是固体(如Hg是液态的),非金属不一定都是气体或固体(如Br2是液态的)注意:金属、非金属是指单质,不能与物质组成元素混淆
3、原子团一定是带电荷的离子,但原子团不一定是酸根(如NH4+、OH-);
酸根也不一定是原子团(如Cl-- 叫氢氯酸根)
4、缓慢氧化不一定会引起自燃。燃烧一定是化学变化。爆炸不一定是化学变化。(例如高压锅爆炸是物理变化。)
5、原子核中不一定都会有中子(如H原子就无中子)。
6、原子不一定比分子小(不能说“分子大,原子小”) 分子和原子的根本区别是 在化学反应中分子可分原子不可分
7、同种元素组成的物质不一定是单质,也可能是几种单质的混合物。
8、最外层电子数为8的粒子不一定是稀有气体元素的原子,也可能是阳离子或阴离子。
9、稳定结构的原子最外层电子数不一定是8。(第一层为最外层2个电子)
10、具有相同核电荷数的粒子不一定是同一种元素。 (因为粒子包括原子、分子、离子,而元素不包括多原子所构成的分子或原子团)只有具有相同核电荷数的单核粒子(一个原子一个核)一定属于同种元素。
11、(1)浓溶液不一定是饱和溶液;稀溶液不一定是不饱和溶液。(对不同溶质而言)
(2)同一种物质的饱和溶液不一定比不饱和溶液浓。(因为温度没确定,如同温度则一定)
(3)析出晶体后的溶液一定是某物质的饱和溶液。饱和溶液降温后不一定有晶体析出。
(4)一定温度下,任何物质的溶解度数值一定大于其饱和溶液的溶质质量分数数值,即S一定大于C。
13、有单质和化合物参加或生成的反应,不一定就是置换反应。但一定有元素化合价的改变。
14、分解反应和化合反应中不一定有元素化合价的改变;置换反应中一定有元素化合价的改变;复分解反应中一定没有元素化合价的改变。(注意:氧化还原反应,一定有元素化合价的变化)
15、单质一定不会发生分解反应。
16、同种元素在同一化合物中不一定显示一种化合价。如NH4NO3 (前面的N为-3价,后面的N为+5价)
17、盐的组成中不一定有金属元素,如NH4+是阳离子,具有金属离子的性质,但不是金属离子。
18、阳离子不一定是金属离子。如H+、NH4+。
19、在化合物(氧化物、酸、碱、盐)的组成中,一定含有氧元素的是氧化物和碱;不一定(可能)含氧元素的是酸和盐;一定含有氢元素的是酸和碱;不一定含氢元素的是盐和氧化物;盐和碱组成中不一定含金属元素,(如NH4NO3、NH3·H2O);酸组成可能含金属元素(如:HMnO4 叫高锰酸),但所有物质组成中都一定含非金属元素。
20、盐溶液不一定呈中性。如Na2CO3溶液显碱性。
21、酸式盐的溶液不一定显酸性(即PH不一定小于7),如NaHCO3溶液显碱性。但硫酸氢钠溶液显酸性(NaHSO4 =Na++H+ +SO42-),所以能电离出氢离子的物质不一定是酸。
22、 酸溶液一定为酸性溶液,但酸性溶液不一定是酸溶液,如:H2SO4、NaHSO4溶液都显酸性,而 NaHSO4属盐。(酸溶液就是酸的水溶液,酸性溶液就是指含H+的溶液)
23、碱溶液一定为碱性溶液,但碱性溶液不一定是碱溶液。如:NaOH、Na2CO3、NaHCO3溶液都显碱性,而Na2CO3、NaHCO3为盐。碱溶液就是碱的水溶液,碱性溶液就是指含OH-的溶液)
24、碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物,金属氧化物不一定是碱性氧化物。
(如Mn2O7是金属氧化物,但它是酸氧化物,其对应的酸是高锰酸,即HMnO4);记住:碱性氧化物中只K2O、Na2O、BaO、CaO能溶于水与水反应生成碱。
25、酸性氧化物不一定是非金属氧化物(如Mn2O7),非金属氧化物也不一定是酸性氧化物(如H2O、CO、NO)。★常见的酸性氧化物:CO2 、 SO2 、 SO3 、P2O5 、 SiO2 等,酸性氧化物大多数能溶于水并与水反应生成对应的酸,记住二氧化硅(SiO2)不溶于水。
26、生成盐和水的反应不一定是中和反应。
27、所有化学反应并不一定都属基本反应类型,不属基本反应的有:①CO与金属氧化物的反应;②酸性氧化物与碱的反应;③有机物的燃烧。
28、凡是单质铁参加的置换反应(铁与酸、盐的反应),反应后铁一定显+2价(即生成亚铁盐)。
29、凡金属与酸发生的置换反应,反应后溶液的质量一定增加。 凡金属与盐溶液反应,判断反应前后溶液的质量变化,只要看参加反应金属的相对原子质量大小与生成的金属的相对原子质量的大小。“大换小增重,小换大减重”
30、凡是同质量同价态的金属与酸反应,相对原子质量越大的产生氢气的质量就越少。
31、凡常温下能与水反应的金属(如K、Ca、Na),就一定不能与盐溶液发生置换反应;但它们与酸反应是最为激烈的。
如Na加入到CuSO4溶液中,发生的反应是:2Na+2H2O =2NaOH+H2 ↑;2NaOH+CuSO4 =Cu(OH)2 ↓+Na2SO4 。
31、凡是排空气法(无论向上还是向下),都一定要将导气管伸到集气瓶底部。
32、制备气体的发生装置,在装药品前一定要检查气密性。 点燃或加热可燃性气体之前一定要检验纯度.
33、书写化学式时,正价元素不一定都写在左边。如NH3 、CH4
34、5g某物质放入95g水中,充分溶解后,所得溶液的溶质质量分数不一定等于5%。
可能等于5%,如NaCl、KNO3 等;也可能大于5%,如K2O、Na2O、BaO、SO3 等;也可能小于5%,如结晶水合物以及Ca(OH)2 、CaO 等。
三、化学实验总结
三种气体的实验室制法以及它们的区别:
气体 氧气(O2) 氢气(H2) 二氧化碳(CO2)
药品高锰酸钾(KMnO4)或双氧水(H2O2)和二氧化锰(MnO2)
[固(+固)]或[固+液] 锌粒(Zn)和盐酸(HCl)或稀硫酸(H2SO4)
[固+液] 石灰石(大理石)(CaCO3)和稀盐酸(HCl)
[固+液]
反应原理
2KMnO4 == K2MnO4+MnO2+O2↑ 或2H2O2==== 2H2O+O2↑ Zn+H2SO4=ZnSO4+H2↑
Zn+2HCl=ZnCl2+H2↑ CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H2O+CO2↑
检验 用带火星的木条,伸进集气瓶,若木条复燃,是氧气;否则不是氧气 点燃木条,伸入瓶内,木条上的火焰熄灭,瓶口火焰呈淡蓝色,则该气体是氢气通入澄清的石灰水,看是否变浑浊,若浑浊则是CO2。
收集方法①排水法(不易溶于水) ②瓶口向上排空气法(密度比空气大) ①排水法(难溶于水) ②瓶口向下排空气法(密度比空气小) ①瓶口向上排空气法 (密度比空气大) (不能用排水法收集) 验满
(验纯) 用带火星的木条,平放在集气瓶口,若木条复燃,氧气已满,否则没满 <1>用拇指堵住集满氢气的试管口;<2>靠近火焰,移开拇指点火
若“噗”的一声,氢气已纯;若有尖锐的爆鸣声,则氢气不纯 用燃着的木条,平放在集气瓶口,若火焰熄灭,则已满;否则没满
放置 正放 倒放 正放
注意事项
①检查装置的气密性 (当用第一种药品制取时以下要注意)
②试管口要略向下倾斜(防止凝结在试管口的小水珠倒流入试管底部使试管破裂)
③加热时应先使试管均匀受热,再集中在药品部位加热。
④排水法收集完氧气后,先撤导管后撤酒精灯(防止水槽中的水倒流,使试管破裂) ①检查装置的气密性
②长颈漏斗的管口要插入液面下;
③点燃氢气前,一定要检验氢气的纯度(空气中,氢气的体积达到总体积的4%—74.2%点燃会爆炸。) ①检查装置的气密性
②长颈漏斗的管口要插入液面下;
③不能用排水法收集
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中考作文七招备战方法:
1.“翻旧账”多读多想多动手
学生可通过中考满分作文标题作为参考,在原作文基础上进行再写作。多读多想满分作文,为什么满分作文一个标题会有多个角度,能用不同素材来写作。也可以把自己之前的作文,多找一些标题来进行写作,作文是越改越好。
2.加强“标题”学习和训练
标题是文章的眼睛,也是阅卷老师对文章的第一印象。俗话说:“秧好一半谷,题好一半文”,要写好作文,除了多读多看,还要多读好标题,理解标题的含义,多训练,多请教老师。
3.中考作文试题注重文体和内容有要求
近几年中考作文题中“文体不限”,让考生自由选择文体,这里要特别注意,文体不限不是不要文体,而是要你在选择了一种文体后,一定要按这种文体特点写作,要写什么像什么。
4.应试作文开头和结尾是文章刀刃
俗话说,“良好的开头是成功的一半。”我国古代作家对文章的开头都很讲究,所以有“凤头、猪肚、豹尾”的说法。说文章的开头要像“凤头”,是说文章的开头要写得好,能紧紧抓住读者的目光,让读者不由自主地随着你的思路走。
5.加强语言规范及作文字数要求,具有个性和活力
不要文白夹杂;不要使用别人看不懂的方言和词汇;少用长句多用短句;可引进部分时代新词汇、名言警句、流行通俗歌曲歌词、百姓口头民谣,但取向一定要积极向上,真正让语言亮起来。
6.做好平时作文书写要求
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7.加强作文文字准确性
写完作文后要认真检查错字错句,清楚、整洁、使人一目了然,修改也要注意卷面的整洁。
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