为您找到与如何读懂申论材料相关的共11个结果:
申论材料有很多,一般在阅读是时候要考察阅读者快速提取重点的能力,那么,你知道怎么阅读阅读申论材料吗?你想快速读懂申论材料吗?现在读文网小编跟你介绍阅读申论材料的思维方式。
申论核心测查的能力要素,根据申论考试大纲当然主要包括五大能力:阅读理解能力、综合分析能力、解决问题能力、贯彻执行能力和文字表达能力。其实,就实际考试而言,对于大多数考生来说,申论测查的能力表现出的就是:“读材料和写答案”。这两者贯穿申论考试始终,二者缺一不可:读不懂材料,文采再好写的答案采不到得分要点上也是徒劳;读的懂材料,但却不会用书写的方式表达观点,这样就更加致命直接影响你的分数。所以必须找到准确连接这两部分的关键所在。这就是阅读申论材料的思维方式。
看下面一段材料并用一句话概括主要内容:
1.记者昨日从毓璜顶医院、烟台山医院和市中医院等多家医院了解到,近几天医院接诊的呼吸道疾病患者比平时明显增加。毓璜顶医院专家介绍,近期呼吸道疾病高发,一方面是因气温变化,导致感冒患者增多;另一方面,雾霾天气的影响也是一个重要因素。在雾霾天气时,空气中大量污染物颗粒不容易扩散,病毒和细菌更容易传播。PM2.5进入呼吸道会刺激并破坏气管黏膜,造成机体免疫力下降。
2.记者从烟台海事局获悉,受雾霾天气影响,烟台至大连、蓬莱至旅顺等省际客运船舶将于9日凌晨全线停航,预计9日夜间恢复营运,10日凌晨再次停航。8日,我市境内的沈海高速、荣乌高速、西港区疏港高速以及烟海高速的24个收费站陆续关闭。截至昨天下午5点,烟台机场共有8个航班取消,还有大面积航班延误。
3.昨日晚间11点,记者路过南京地铁4号线鼓楼广场至云南路段工地看到,往日繁忙的渣土车不见踪影,施工人员告诉记者,受多日雾霾的影响,今天晚上,地铁工地上的渣土车运输被南京有关部门叫停了,明晚也被叫停,至于何时能恢复渣土车运输,目前还不知。
类似的描述性语言是申论材料的必备类型。为大家做如下演示:上面三段内容读后可以归纳出每段材料的核心意思:
1.雾霾天气大量污染物颗粒不容易扩散,造成机体免疫力下降,医院呼吸道病人增多;
2.雾霾天气使水运停航、高速公路关闭及航班取消并延误;
3.工地施工被叫停。
提取每段材料中的关键词、归纳出段落大意,就是这样的一个过程。归纳出来的这三点绝对是材料主要内容的组成部分,但只写这三点是拿不到全部要点分数的,还需要在此基础上的“概括”。
三段材料的主角可以根据高频词汇得出:“雾霾”;按此方法也可以得出材料所谈的内容核心:“影响”。即,主要内容是“雾霾的影响”。
具体内容:1.原文“医院呼吸道病人增多”,在申论考试中需要换另一种表述:危害健康;2.原文“停航、高速公路关闭及航班取消并延误”,用高度凝练的词表述:影响交通;3.原文“工地施工被叫停”,其属概念就是:生产工作受到影响。
这就是一个概括过程,而这些概括出来的词往往才是重要的标准采分点。
一句话将主要内容概括出来:雾霾天气严重影响了人们的健康、交通出行及生产工作。
小编提醒:国家公务员申论备考,单纯的积累申论素材是不够的,养成正确的阅读习惯才是根本。
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
《10倍速申论材料速读》于2012年出版,作者为李冰,下面让读文网小编给你介绍一下申论材料速读。
形式阅读即在全篇材料中,按照材料的组成寻找有用的材料。形式阅读主要有五条原则:首尾处原则、关联词员原则、动词原则、数据图表和特殊词汇。
1、首尾处原则
汉字文化注重总分结构,文章常以总-分,分-总,总-分-总的形式出现,因此我们的阅读习惯也应尊重文字阅读习惯。
首尾处原则就是指给定材料中以“总-分”或者“分-总”结构展开的整篇材料或整段材料,因此这一部分内容的开头部分或结尾部分是信息关键处。
2、关联词原则
关联词之于句子,正如水之于人类,几乎每句话都可以用到关联词进行粘合句意,因此关联词是我们必须在阅读时特别注意的细节。
(1)选择关联词
不是……就是……、或者……或者……、是……还是……、要么……要么……、宁可……也不……、与其……不如……
(2)转折关联词
而、然而、其实、实际上、事实上、固然
但是、但、却、虽然……但是……、尽管……还是……
(3)因果关联词
因为……所以……、因而、既然……就……、之所以……是因为……
(4)并列关联词
又……又……、一边……一边……、那么……那么……、是……也是……、一会……一会……、一方面……一方面……、首先……其次……再次……最后……、第一……第二……
(5)承接关联词
接着、就、于是、又
(6)递进关联词
更、不但……而且……、不仅……还……、甚至、加之
(7)假设关联词
如果……就……、如果……那么……、即使……也……、就是……还……
(8)条件关联词
只要……就……、只有……才……、无论、除非……才……、凡是……都……
3、动词原则
动词常常以行为的方式出现在材料中,恰恰印证了国家公务员通用考试能力中“提出问题和解决问题的能力”原则,因此动词原则包含两个方面,指示性动词和行为性动词。其中指示性动词往往强调关键信息,因此应特别留意指示性动词。
指示性动词在申论材料阅读中常出现,如“说、讲、指出、认为、以为、建议、介绍、统计、解释、相信、觉得、显示、分析”等,其后常跟观点或结论性内容。
4、数据图表
(1)与首尾处搭配,起解释说明作用,数据本身无意义,盯住首尾处即可。
(2)同类数据出现时,若有命题,注意推导结论。
(3)如果有调查类的数据,注意推导结论。
(4)图表主要看趋势
5、特殊词汇
(1)时间类词汇:常引出某种现象或问题。
(2)政治性名词或短语:出自官方言论和文件等,通常直指材料的主题。
只要考生读懂这五大原则,并在加工材料的时候灵活运用,一定会大大节约阅读时间和阅读精力。
浏览量:4
下载量:0
时间:
全脑速读,或称“速读”,“快速阅读”。科学原理早已提示:人的大脑分为左右两部分,各自分管并对不同的信息内容处理:其中右脑主要是对图形和图像进行记忆和加工,而左脑主要是处理诸如逻辑、数字、文字等非形象化的信息。下面是读文网小编为大家整理的关于阅读高难度材料的方法和经验,供大家参考和学习。
阅读材料种类繁多。通常像小说之类的我们可以快速阅读,并且能大致记得内容。但是因为目的不一样,我们也会遇到一些非常难懂的文章,像一些专业性材料。而且你还必须要读懂它,这时候采用快速阅读效果不是很好,要怎么办呢?我们可以借助一些好的方法和经验来突破,以下这七个方法将会教你怎样阅读高难度材料的:
方法一:先阅读题目然后再阅读第一个段落。 这时决定你有没有掌握足够的背景知识来进行阅读。接下来,了解篇章的组织方法。如果需要更多补充,可以参考其他书籍。
经验: 一般可以根据材料的标题来确定这篇文章的难度是否超出自己的知识范围,超出太多则会放弃或找一篇难度稍底一些的材料阅读。 有时间会遇到必须要读懂的时候,这时可以找到一个对相关材料比较熟悉的人,给讲解一下,然后让他推荐一些相关的,来帮助阅读这份材料。
方法二:寻找主要脉络。 参照题目、标题、副标题并挑出关键性的句子。好好运用图象、图表、曲线图等收集材料。
经验: 用思维导图,参照题目、标题、副标题并挑出关键性的句子,制作这个材料的思维导图。
方法三:翻查生词。 某些关键生词对理解课文起很大的作用,应当翻查,但不能断章取义。
经验: 在阅读材料时会遇到很多的专业词汇,这时利用推荐图书、网络和图书馆,来查找遇到的专业词汇并整理到一起用来帮助以后的阅读。
方法四:持续审查你的理解。 时不时问自己:“我学到了什么?”然后,融会贯通。
经验: 每阅读完一章或段落时,不断的把自己的阅读心得归纳到思维导图上。
方法五:重读一遍。 如果你无法明白一个概念,可以尝试重读。用自己的话复述内容。
经验: 当你阅读完第一篇之后还是无法了解核心内容,再重读一遍。最好把思维导图也从新做一遍,看一下第一篇做的思维导图跟第二次做的有什么不同。
方法六:读完全文。 不要在还没读完篇章之前就放弃了。当你继续阅读时,讯息越来越多,可以帮助你理解篇章。当你读完全文时,再问自己学到了什么。对于不清楚的概念,你可以重读一次。
经验: 最好把全文阅读完一遍,在从新总结一遍,并修改你的思维导图。看一下做完的思维导图,哪部分做的不好,再从新阅读相应部分。
方法七:边写边做简单笔录。 划线、做笔记或缩短全文可以协助你集中精神。
经验: 一边阅读一边做思维导图有注于集中注意力,并一直关注材料中的核心内容。
下面读文网小编再为大家介绍一下关于速读训练的训练方法,供大家参考和学习。
传统的阅读方法,一般是通过一个字一个字的默读
在看到文字的同时,大脑中发出声音,经过耳朵的感知,然后达到理解
用一个简单的流程来表达传统的阅读方式:字---看---音---听---想---理解
人们通常说话的语速,每分钟大概为160—180个汉字,快一些的可以达到250—300字。
如果你用传统的方法来阅读,由于受到语速的影响,一般阅读速度通常不会超过300字/分钟
而快速阅读的主要原理,就是直接从词语(句、段)入手 ,整体的感知文字段,最大限度的克服文字的发音,直接在大脑中理解。
用一个简单的流程来表达传统的阅读方式:字---看---理解---想
这样,通过扩大摄入量,阅读不再受到说话语速的,大脑所接收的信息更多、更快 ,大脑的注意力会比普通阅读更高度集中,因此,理解率不仅不会下降,反而会有所上升。
而普通的阅读方式,由于阅读速度慢,大脑容易走神
而且阅读时间过长,看了后面忘了前面,所以理解率反而会更低。
对于比较抽象、比较难理解的专业书籍,以快速阅读的方式
也仍然可以获得非常好的学习效果,可以有效地提升专业学习的效率!
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
记不住这只是一个欺骗自己的借口,相信自己,只要有信心,我们可以记住一切。下面读文网小编就为大家介绍一种可以使材料意义化系统化的记忆术,供大家参考和学习。
记忆术即加工编码信息的技术,其核心是联想编码。好的记忆术可以帮助延长短时记忆,并将短时记忆转变成长时、甚至永久性记忆,并可在回忆时提供很好的线索提示。然而记忆术的作用很有限,记忆术掌握得好的学生,并不表示对所有的事物的记忆都好,只有提高记忆素质才能全面提高记忆力。
记忆术训练的意义:可帮助学生提高短时记忆的效率,促进短时记忆向长时记忆过度,提高记忆大量事物的技巧及、图象、单词、短语、文章的效率,提高思维树编写能力、演讲能力及写作能力,并使再现、再识时有明显的线索。
要善于使记忆材料形象化,所谓形象化的就是通过想象和联想将抽象的赋予人为的想象,使之具有生动鲜明奇特的形象,抽象事物也变得容易记忆了。 日本记忆心理学家高木重朗认为:一切记忆都始于形象。记忆方法的基本点就是通过形象记忆事物。这也是掌握记忆术的基本要领之一。
1、数字牌需要反复练习数字转换为编码的能力,不一定需要找记忆点
2、人物牌记忆点
J(宋江、李逵、花和尚、林冲)〈男性〉
Q(熙凤、宝玉、戴玉、袭人)〈女性(姑且把宝玉当女性看待了)〉
K(唐僧、悟空、八戒、沙僧)〈男性〉
两字的名字可能更利于记忆,下面就是找牌面记忆点的工作了
黑桃J 手持“糖葫芦”——朝廷利用糖葫芦诱惑“宋江”
红桃J 手持“斧头”——“李逵”手中所持的斧头
梅花J 头戴“树叶”——“花和尚”的头当然需要点点缀
方片J 手中持“花枪”——“林冲”向来以枪闻名,想象图中花枪枪须随风飘舞
黑桃Q 手持“大棒”——象征“王熙凤”在府中的权威
红桃Q 手持“花下端”——‘宝玉“送花给“戴玉”
梅花Q 手持”花中部“——”戴玉“接受了花
方片Q 手用力抢”花“——”袭人“不满去抢花(花茎拦腰斜了)
黑桃K 手中持”无痕宝剑“——”唐僧“权利的象征
红桃K 手持”宝剑“放头后——”捂空“作其经典挠头状
梅花K 胸口有”人参果“——”八戒“偷吃人参果
方片K 手作“拜佛”状+类似“月牙铲”的武器——三个徒弟当中,想象“沙僧”拜佛心最诚+武器也类似
可能各个版本印刷扑克牌对手中所持物(比如花)有所不同,导致无法区别,只有自己再仔细寻找牌面记忆点了!上面就是我个人心得,希望对初学的你有所帮助!用心就能找到!找到之后,读牌速度就会非同一般了!
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
读文网小编导语:前面小编向大家介绍过许多关于英语速读训练的知识,下面向大家搜集了一些高考英语速读训练的材料,希望对大家有帮助:
(A)
Harbour Cruises Ltd.
Dining, Sightseeing and Special Events
Get on board to experience Vancouver from a different perspective(视角). Join Harbour Cruises Ltd. for Vancouver's only guided tour of the inner harbour, the always popular dinner cruise, or a luncheon cruise through a quiet coastal mountain bay. Special event cruises are available throughout the year including the yearly fireworks competition and December's Christmas Carol Ships. Harbour Cruises Ltd. is located next to the world-famous Stanley Park.
Dates of Operation: April-October and December
Seasonal Hours: 8:00am-7:00pm, 7 days a week
Directions: Drive west on Georgia and turn right at the lights at Denman Street. Take the #135 Stanley Park bus or walk west along Georgia for 15 minutes towards Stanley Park from downtown.
Information: 604.688.7246
Reservations: 1.800.663.1500
Website: www.boatcruises.com
Email:
#1, North Foot of Denman Street, Vancouver, BC V6G 2W9
The Lookout
at Harbour Centre Tower
Not sure where to start? The Lookout, which is high atop Harbor Center Tower, is your best first choice in Vancouver. Majestic cruise ships, mountains sprinkled with fresh snow and a west coast sunset are but a few highlights of this grand 360° view. Drink your cappuccino, join a free guided tour, learn something new about Vancouver and enjoy the view!
Dates of Operation: Open 365 days / year
Seasonal Hours: Winter 9:00 am-9:00 pm
Summer 8:30 am-10:30 pm
Directions: Located downtown at the Sea Bus and Sky Train station.
Just steps away from the Cruise Ship Terminal and historic Gastown.
Information and Reservations: 604.689. 0421
Website: www.vancouverlookout.com
Email:
555 West Hastings Street, Vancouver, BC V6B 4N4
Burnaby Village Museum
And Carousel
Step back in time to 1925. The museum features a village, a farmhouse and the historic CW. Parker Carousel. Costumed townspeople welcome you to exhibits that include a schoolhouse, a blacksmith, a Chinese medicine store and an ice-cream parlour.
Seasonal Hours: May 4-Sept. 2(11:00 am-4:30 pm)
Christmas Hours: Nov. 23-Dec. 13 & Dec. 31-Jan. 4 (12:00-5:30 pm) and Dec. 14-30 (12:00-8:00 pm)
Closed Dec. 24 & 25
Directions: Take exit 33 from Hwy 1 to Canada Way. Follow the signs along the sidewalk to Deer Lake Park. 20 minutes from downtown Vancouver.
Information: 604.293.6501
Telephone: 604.238.6500
Website: www.city.burnaby.cb.ca
6501 Deer Lake Avenue, Burnaby, BC V5G 3T6
1. To get a bird's eye view of Vancouver, you can go to________.
A. Harbour Cruises Ltd
B. Harbour Center Tower
C. Burnaby Village Museum
D. Stanley Park
2. If you want to visit one of the places from 8:30 am to 10:30 am on Christmas Day, you can get further information on ________.
A. Website: www.vancouverlookout.com
B. Email:
C. Website: www.city.burnaby.cb.ca
D. Website: www.boatcruises.com
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. A guide is necessary for people to visit Harbour Center Tower.
B. There is fresh snow at Harbor Center Tower for people to enjoy.
C. Harbour Cruises Ltd is closer to downtown than Burnaby Village Museum.
D. The ice-cream parlour provides you local delicious food at lunch time on Christmas Day.
4. The main purpose of the advertisements is to attract tourists to Vancouver for ________.
A. the view of mountains
B. a ship sightseeing
C. a cultural visit D. great fun
(B)
CareerBuilder.com now offers the most functional and easy-to-use online job search for Science & Biotech jobs. In fact, there are so many ways to search for Science & Biotech jobs on CareerBuilder.com that you'll be able to get the results you want quickly and easily!
At CareerBuilder.com we combine the power of new search technology with top-notch products and services to give you full control over the Science & Biotech job search process. We offer many ways to get the job searching done.
Search Science & Biotech Jobs by location or target your search for Science & Biotech jobs by city or state. Start broad by selecting a desired state, or narrow your search quickly by targeting a top city. With nationwide job opportunities, there are unlimited possibilities.
Search Science & Biotech Jobs by job type: Refine your search by selecting a specific job type. If you are certain about your expertise or specialty, narrow your search quickly and search only the jobs that are fit for you.
Search Science & Biotech Jobs by Company: Who are the top companies hiring in Science & Biotech? Search, explore and find out more about our preferred Science & Biotech employers. From cutting-edge corporate firms to thriving small businesses, CarreerBuilder.com partners with the nation's top companies to bring you better Science & Biotech jobs faster.
5. This passage probably comes from ________.
A. a magazine B. a newspaper C. the Internet D. all of the above
6. CareerBuilder.com offers the following except ________.
A. the most functional and easy-to-use online job search for Science & Biotech jobs
B. many ways to get the job searching done
C. names of the top companies hiring in Science & Biotech
D. Science & Biotech jobs
7. What is the probable purpose of writing this passage?
A. To set up a website.
B. To help you find a job.
C. To introduce some ways of finding a job.
D. To make you click their website more often.
key: 1. B。细节理解题。从第二条广告可知,在Harbour Center Tower顶端可鸟瞰温哥华全景。2. D。综合判断题。第三条广告Burnaby Village Museum And Carousel圣诞节不营业,因此只能是第一条广告符合本题的两个条件from 8:30 am to 10:30 am 和on Christmas Day。 3. C。综合判断题。第一条广告提到从市中心步行的时间是15分钟,而第三条广告步行的时间是20分钟。 4. D。综合判断题。综合三则广告所提供的信息,可知都是游玩、观光方面的内容。5. C。逻辑推理题。通读全文可知,本文是"工作搜索"网站的广告,因此应该出现在因特网上。 6. D。综合判断题。网站介绍的是怎样搜索工作方面的信息,而不能提供工作。 7. D。综合判断题。介绍网站的根本目的还是吸引网民,提高网站的知名度。
浏览量:3
下载量:0
时间:
思维导图充分运用左右脑的机能,利用记忆、阅读、思维的规律,协助人们在科学与艺术、逻辑与想象之间平衡发展,从而开启人类大脑的无限潜能。思维导图因此具有人类思维的强大功能。下面就让读文网小编为大家介绍一下关于用思维导图开分析政治材料的方法,欢迎大家参考和学习。
思维导图对于我们分析材料,理清脉络层次是有很大帮助的。在政治类材料当中,思维导图的作用是非常大的,当然这个作用也是依托于关键词的提炼而进行的。下面这段材料就是我们今天做的一个思维导图的材料。
我国是世界上最大的发展中国家,仍处于并将长期处于社会主义初级阶段,发展是硬道理,是解决一切问题的基础和关键。化解各种矛盾和风险,跨越“中等收入陷阱”,实现现代化,根本要靠发展,发展必须有合理的增长速度。
同时,我国经济发展进入新常态,正处在爬坡过坎的关口,体制机制弊端和结构性矛盾是“拦路虎”,不深化改革和调整经济结构,就难以实现平稳健康发展。我们必须毫不动摇坚持以经济建设为中心,切实抓好发展这个执政兴国第一要务。必须坚持不懈依靠改革推动科学发展,加快转变经济发展方式,实现有质量有效益可持续的发展。
根据上面的内容,整体来讲内容主要分为四个部分,都是围绕着发展来讲的。首先讲的是发展的重要性,接着讲发展要有合理的增长速度,然后发展要平衡健康,再次是讲发展是第一要务,最后讲发展要可持续的取得效益。形成下面这样的一幅思维导图:
发展.jpg (17.58 KB, 下载次数: 2)
浏览量:3
下载量:0
时间:
全脑速读,或称“速读”,“快速阅读”。科学原理早已提示:人的大脑分为左右两部分,各自分管并对不同的信息内容处理:其中右脑主要是对图形和图像进行记忆和加工,而左脑主要是处理诸如逻辑、数字、文字等非形象化的信息。下面是读文网小编为大家整理的关于阅读高难度材料的方法和经验,供大家参考和学习。
阅读材料种类繁多。通常像小说之类的我们可以快速阅读,并且能大致记得内容。但是因为目的不一样,我们也会遇到一些非常难懂的文章,像一些专业性材料。而且你还必须要读懂它,这时候采用快速阅读效果不是很好,要怎么办呢?我们可以借助一些好的方法和经验来突破,以下这七个方法将会教你怎样阅读高难度材料的:
方法一:先阅读题目然后再阅读第一个段落。 这时决定你有没有掌握足够的背景知识来进行阅读。接下来,了解篇章的组织方法。如果需要更多补充,可以参考其他书籍。
经验: 一般可以根据材料的标题来确定这篇文章的难度是否超出自己的知识范围,超出太多则会放弃或找一篇难度稍底一些的材料阅读。 有时间会遇到必须要读懂的时候,这时可以找到一个对相关材料比较熟悉的人,给讲解一下,然后让他推荐一些相关的,来帮助阅读这份材料。
方法二:寻找主要脉络。 参照题目、标题、副标题并挑出关键性的句子。好好运用图象、图表、曲线图等收集材料。
经验: 用思维导图,参照题目、标题、副标题并挑出关键性的句子,制作这个材料的思维导图。
方法三:翻查生词。 某些关键生词对理解课文起很大的作用,应当翻查,但不能断章取义。
经验: 在阅读材料时会遇到很多的专业词汇,这时利用推荐图书、网络和图书馆,来查找遇到的专业词汇并整理到一起用来帮助以后的阅读。
方法四:持续审查你的理解。 时不时问自己:“我学到了什么?”然后,融会贯通。
经验: 每阅读完一章或段落时,不断的把自己的阅读心得归纳到思维导图上。
方法五:重读一遍。 如果你无法明白一个概念,可以尝试重读。用自己的话复述内容。
经验: 当你阅读完第一篇之后还是无法了解核心内容,再重读一遍。最好把思维导图也从新做一遍,看一下第一篇做的思维导图跟第二次做的有什么不同。
方法六:读完全文。 不要在还没读完篇章之前就放弃了。当你继续阅读时,讯息越来越多,可以帮助你理解篇章。当你读完全文时,再问自己学到了什么。对于不清楚的概念,你可以重读一次。
经验: 最好把全文阅读完一遍,在从新总结一遍,并修改你的思维导图。看一下做完的思维导图,哪部分做的不好,再从新阅读相应部分。
方法七:边写边做简单笔录。 划线、做笔记或缩短全文可以协助你集中精神。
经验: 一边阅读一边做思维导图有注于集中注意力,并一直关注材料中的核心内容。
下面读文网小编再为大家介绍一下关于速读训练的训练方法,供大家参考和学习。
传统的阅读方法,一般是通过一个字一个字的默读
在看到文字的同时,大脑中发出声音,经过耳朵的感知,然后达到理解
用一个简单的流程来表达传统的阅读方式:字---看---音---听---想---理解
人们通常说话的语速,每分钟大概为160—180个汉字,快一些的可以达到250—300字。
如果你用传统的方法来阅读,由于受到语速的影响,一般阅读速度通常不会超过300字/分钟
而快速阅读的主要原理,就是直接从词语(句、段)入手 ,整体的感知文字段,最大限度的克服文字的发音,直接在大脑中理解。
用一个简单的流程来表达传统的阅读方式:字---看---理解---想
这样,通过扩大摄入量,阅读不再受到说话语速的,大脑所接收的信息更多、更快 ,大脑的注意力会比普通阅读更高度集中,因此,理解率不仅不会下降,反而会有所上升。
而普通的阅读方式,由于阅读速度慢,大脑容易走神
而且阅读时间过长,看了后面忘了前面,所以理解率反而会更低。
对于比较抽象、比较难理解的专业书籍,以快速阅读的方式
也仍然可以获得非常好的学习效果,可以有效地提升专业学习的效率!
浏览量:3
下载量:0
时间:
抽象材料记忆法,是指记忆概念、原理、公式、法则、各种符号和外文单词等抽象知识的方法。
记忆抽象材料,可以采取以下几种具体方法:
1、借助形象记忆法。
心理学研究证明,十一、二岁(小学五、六年级)是人一生中记忆形象图形能力最强的年龄。在这一年龄前后,学习各种概念,最好借助具体形象的支持。心理学的调查还表明,大部分人的思维偏向于形象思维。因此,在学习各种概念时,借用形象有助于提高记忆效果。例如,两、三岁的幼儿记忆抽象的阿拉伯数字时,用木棒代表1,小鸭代表2,耳朵代表3,小旗代表4,红五星代表5,烟斗代表6,拐杖代表7,眼镜代表8,气球代表9,月亮代表0,就比较容易记住。
2、概念配例记忆法。
概念、观点、定理、定义、公式、法则等抽象知识,往往是在大量形象材料的基础上和实际生活中,经过归纳和概括抽象出来的一般性东西。在学习抽象知识时,配搭少量的说明概念等抽象材料的典型例子,可以增强记忆。例如,数学课中的例题,就是说明数学公式的典型例子。认真理解、记住例题,有助于记忆相应的公式。记住了例题,做习题时,就容易进行类比,加深对公式的记忆和运用。又如,学习外语语法时,应该记住每种语法现象的相应例句,用例句来加深对句法的理解和记忆。
有些抽象知识,如语文词汇和外文单词、词汇、短语、习惯式表达等,更多的需要机械记忆,需要多次重复。研究表明,利用句子来记词汇,比单个地记词汇更容易记住。所以,要下功夫多念、多背诵一些短文来增强记忆效果。
4、一揽表记忆法。
一揽表能够重现某一部分抽象材料的全貌,有助于理解各部分材料之间的逻辑联系和循序渐进关系。学习数学、物理、化学和外语课程时,利用书末的“总表”之类的一揽表,或者学会自己制作一揽表,来帮助记忆抽象材料,也是一种好办法
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
在学习抽象知识时,配搭少量的说明概念等抽象材料的典型例子,可以增强记忆。例如,数学课中的例题,就是说明数学公式的典型例子。认真理解、记住例题,有助于记忆相应的公式。记住了例题,做习题时,就容易进行类比,加深对公式的记忆和运用。又如,学习外语语法时,应该记住每种语法现象的相应例句,用例句来加深对句法的理解和记忆。
研究表明,利用句子来记词汇,比单个地记词汇更容易记住。所以,要下功夫多念、多背诵一些短文来增强记忆效果。
抽象材料记忆法,是指记忆概念、原理、公式、法则、各种符号和外文单词等抽象知识的方法。记忆抽象材料,可以采取以下几种具体方法:
概念、观点、定理、定义、公式、法则等抽象知识,往往是在大量形象材料的基础上和实际生活中,经过归纳和概括抽象出来的一般性东西。在学习抽象知识时,配搭少量的说明概念等抽象材料的典型例子,可以增强记忆。例如,数学课中的例题,就是说明数学公式的典型例子。认真理解、记住例题,有助于记忆相应的公式。记住了例题,做习题时,就容易进行类比,加深对公式的记忆和运用。又如,学习外语语法时,应该记住每种语法现象的相应例句,用例句来加深对句法的理解和记忆。
有些抽象知识,如语文词汇和外文单词、词汇、短语、习惯式表达等,更多的需要机械记忆,需要多次重复。研究表明,利用句子来记词汇,比单个地记词汇更容易记住。所以,要下功夫多念、多背诵一些短文来增强记忆效果。
浏览量:3
下载量:0
时间:
读文网小编导语:前面小编向大家介绍过许多关于英语速读训练的知识,下面向大家搜集了一些英语速读训练的材料,希望对大家有帮助:
① Symbols(象征) of the United States
You have seen the flag flying at your school. You can see pictures of the bald(光秃的)eagle on money. The flag and the bald eagle(秃鹰) are symbols of the United States. When we see these symbols, we think about things that are important to our country.
Freedom(自由) was important to the people who started this country. They wanted freedom tot everyone. When we see symbols like the flag and the bald eagle, we think about things that are important to the people of the United States, like freedom.
Choose the best answer.
( )1.The main idea of “Symbols of the United States” is that .
A. tile flag at school has a bald eagle oil it
B. every country needs a flag
C. the bald eagle is the only symbol of the United States
D. symbols make us think about things that are important
( )2.What was very important to the people who started this country?
A. Money B. Freedom C. National flag D. The bald eagle
②Stars and Stripes条纹
Sometimes the flag of the United States is called the "Stars and Stripes." A look at the flag will tell you why. The flag has a block块 of stars. Each star stands for a state in the United States. Every time a new state was added增加 to the United States, a star was added to the flag. The flag now has 50 stars.
There are also stripes on the flag. The number of stripes stays the same. Each stripe stands for one of the first 13 states in the United States
Choose the best answer
( )1.Another good name for “stars and stripes” is “ ”.
A. Fifty States B. Our Country's Flag
C. Stars in the Flag D. Tile Many States of the United States
( )2.When a new state was added to the USA, was added to the flag.
A. a bald eagle B. a star C. a stripe D. a new color
③Red, White, and Blue
If you like a sports team, you know that the team always wears the same colors. Colors can also be symbols. People who want to show they like a sports team wear the colors of that team.
The colors red, white, and blue are symbols of the United States. These are the colors on the flag. On July 4th, people in the United States fly(使飘扬) red, white, and blue flags on their houses. People also wear red, white, and blue on July 4th to show they love the United States.
Choose the best answer.
( )1. “Red, White, and Blue” is MAINLY about .
A. why sports teams wear the same colors
B. what people do on July 4th
C. the colors red, white, and blue are symbols of the United States
D. the many different symbols of the United States
( )2.The colors red, white, and blue are .
A. colors on the national flag of the USA
B. the main colors of people's houses
C. three important colors of flags people like
D. main colors of people's clothes
④Bald Eagle
The bald eagle is our country’s bird. The bald eagle was picked(挑选) because it is a strong and beautiful bird. The bald eagle is a symbol of the United States.
The bald eagle is not really bald. It has white feathers(羽毛) on its head. The rest(其余) of the bald eagle’s feathers are dark. People used to(过去常常) hunt bald eagles. In the 1970s, there were not many bald eagles left(剩下). Laws(法律) were passed(被通过) to keep bald eagles safe. Now there are four times(倍) as many bald eagles as there were in the 1970s(20世纪70年代)。
Choose the best answer
( )1.Why was the bald eagle picked as the country's bird? .
A. It is a strong and beautiful bird
B. It has blue and white feathers
C. It is the most famous bird in the United Stat
D. It is only found in the United States
( )2. In the 1970s, .
A. people hunted bald eagles a lot
B. laws were passed to save bald eagles
C. there were more bald eagles than today
D. people picked the bald eagle as the country
⑤The Pledge of Allegiance
Your school day may begin with the Pledge of Allegiance. When you say the Pledge of Allegiance, you put your right hand over your heart. You look at the flag, which is a symbol of freedom. Then you say the Pledge of Allegiance.
The Pledge of Allegiance is a symbol, too. You put your hand over your heart because you are saying that you love your country. No one has to say the Pledge of Allegiance. Yet(然而) everyone can say the Pledge of Allegiance. That is another symbol of freedom.
一.Choose the best answer.
( )1.The Pledge of Allegiance is a symbol of .
A. a person's love of the United States
B. the bald eagle and the flag
C. school rules
D. the colors red, white, and blue
( )2.When should they make a pledge in USA? .
A. When they get married
B. When they join the League or the Party
C. When they are in the courtroom
D. A, B and C
⑥The Rights of Citizens(市民)
You are a citizen of your school. You are also a citizen of your town, state, and country. Citizens in the United States have rights. Rights are the things you can do. No one can take away your fights as a citizen.
You have the right to go to school. You have the right to go to the park or fide on a bus. When you grow up, you will have the right to vote(投票). People in the United States have the fight to vote for anyone they choose(选择).
一.Choose the best answer.
( )1.What are rights? They are .
A. the citizens in your school B. the people you vote for
C. the things you can do D. the country where you live
( )2. As a child, you do not have the right to .
A. vote when you are at school B. go to the park
C. go to school D. ride on a bus
二.Write "T" if the sentence is true, "F" if the sentence is false.
l.All the people of the United States have rights. ( )
2.Citizens have rights to go to a zoo. ( )
3.Citizens of the USA have rights to do anything. ( )
4.People have rights to go to school. ( )
5.Any citizen has the right to vote for anyone they want. ( )
三.Fill in each blank with a proper word from the passage you have read.
1.As a , you have to do things you can do. You have the to
on a bus or when you up.
2.It's not to tell lies. It's wrong.
3.There are so many books for me to from that I can't decide.
4.She doesn't like her hair short, so she's letting it .
Discuss the following questions with your teacher or classmates.
1.Do you have rights?
2.What rights do you have in your country?
⑦The Responsibilities(责任) of Citizens
Citizens have both rights and responsibilities. Responsibilities are jobs that you need to do. As a citizen of your school, you have responsibilities at school. You need to do your work. You need to be nice to other people.
As a citizen of your town, you have responsibilities in your town. You need to put your trash(垃圾) in a trashcan(垃圾桶). You need to follow the rules of your town.
As a citizen of your country, you have responsibilities, too. When you grow up, you will have the responsibility to vote.
一.Choose the best answer.
( )1.What are responsibilities? They are .
A. things you can do B. trash in a trashcan
C. citizens who have rights D. jobs you need to do
( )2.What is not your responsibility as a citizen? .
A. To be nice to other people B. To stay at home and study
C. To go to school D. To put trash in a trashcan
二.Write "T" if the sentence is true, "F" if the sentence is false.
1. As a citizen, you have to put trash in a trashcan. ( )
2.As a citizen, you must follow the rules of your city. ( )
3.Everyone has to vote. ( )
4.All the people have rights, but not all of them have responsibilities. ( )
5.As a student, you have responsibilities to do your homework. ( )
三.Fill in each blank with a proper word from the passage you have read.
You need to put your in a .You need to the rules of your town. You need to be to other people. They are your as citizens.
Discuss the following questions with your teacher or classmates.
1.Do you have any responsibilities?
2.What responsibilities do you have in your country?
⑧speak Up for Your Rights
As a citizen of your school, you have the right to learn. You also have the right to be safe. Sometimes, someone at your school might act like a bully(威逼). A bully might tease(取笑) or hurt(伤害) you so that it is hard to learn or to feel safe. A bully wants to take away your rights.
You need to speak up for your rights, if a bully is mean(不舒服的) to you, you can walk away. You can say, "Stop!" You can also ask a teacher for help.
一.Choose the best answer.
( )1."Speak Up for Your Rights" is MAINLY about .
A. how to be safe from a bully
B. how to stop being a bully
C. why bullies take away other people's rights
D. when to talk to your teacher
( )2.When a bully tries to hurt you should .
A. hurt him, too B. fight with him
C. walk away D. ask a teacher to hurt him
二.Write "T" if the sentence is true, "F" if the sentence is false.
1.A bully is a boy who hurts you. ( )
2.You have rights to be safe at school. ( )
3.At school, students have fights to speak up for their fights and ask for help.( )
三.Fill in each blank with a proper word from the passage you have read.
1.It's very m of you to eat up all the food.
2.Do you still a parents f pocket money every week?
3.Don't worry. Your son was found s and well this morning in a small village.
4.The b always t the poor short boy ,but the little boy never s up.
5.The shoes are so small that my feet h .
Discuss the following questions with your teacher or classmates.
1.Have you ever met a bully at school?
2.What will you do when you meet a bully?
浏览量:2
下载量:0
时间:
读文网小编导语:我们要如何记忆一些抽象材料呢?接下来小编就为你介绍抽象材料记忆法:
抽象材料记忆法,是指记忆概念、原理、公式、法则、各种符号和外文单词等抽象知识的方法。
记忆抽象材料,可以采取以下几种具体方法:
一揽表能够重现某一部分抽象材料的全貌,有助于理解各部分材料之间的逻辑联系和循序渐进关系。学习数学、物理、化学和外语课程时,利用书末的“总表”之类的一揽表,或者学会自己制作一揽表,来帮助记忆抽象材料,也是一种好办法
4、、借助形象记忆法。
心理学研究证明,十一、二岁(小学五、六年级)是人一生中记忆形象图形能力最强的年龄。在这一年龄前后,学习各种概念,最好借助具体形象的支持。心理学的调查还表明,大部分人的思维偏向于形象思维。因此,在学习各种概念时,借用形象有助于提高记忆效果。例如,两、三岁的幼儿记忆抽象的阿拉伯数字时,用木棒代表1,小鸭代表2,耳朵代表3,小旗代表4,红五星代表5,烟斗代表6,拐杖代表7,眼镜代表8,气球代表9,月亮代表0,就比较容易记住。
浏览量:3
下载量:0
时间: