为您找到与英语辩论赛怎么准备相关的共200个结果:
辩论赛无疑是一个激烈而有趣的活动,它既锻炼了口才,也提升了一个人的逻辑思维能力。可对于一个刚加入辩论赛的新人,想要快速提升自己无疑需要一些技巧。正所谓将军不打无准备的战争,准备工作是重中之重。今天读文网小编给大家分享一些辩论赛中准备细节中的小技巧,希望能给大家带来好处。
队友间互相交流自己的初步想法,了解辩题的社会影响,明确一个大概的辩论方向。
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如何打好一场辩论赛,赛前的准备是很重要的。今天读文网小编给大家分享一些辩论赛前期的准备小技巧。
辩论赛就是争论而已,不要有紧张情绪,就当成日常拌嘴即可。
一定注意辩论礼节,否则扣分很多
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俗话说台上一分钟,台下十年功。一场精彩的辩论赛免不了赛前的无数准备。今天读文网小编给大家分享一些辩论赛准备的小技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。
论点定下来了 ,不成形的立论也就有了。之后要进行的是无穷无尽的模辩。
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我们国家的辩论赛和英国的辩论赛不同,今天读文网小编给大家分享一些英国的议会制辩论赛的小技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。
要确保7分钟内表达己方的思想选手必须能够恰当的遣词造句清楚,完整的让评委和对方辩友了解自己的思路.
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很多第一次辩论的同学在第一次辩论赛之前都会变得手忙脚乱,今天读文网小编给大家分享一些关于新手在辩论赛前的必要准备,希望对大家有所帮助。
这一点非常重要,在刚了解赛制后,一定要根据个人的特点,风格,能力确定辩位:一辩,攻辩,结辩,驳辩。而且,一旦确定,且在实践中有所熟悉,就不要乱改(当然, 如果已经是老手,熟悉多个辩位再好不过)。
辩位的确定要充分考虑,比如,进攻性强的可以考虑攻辩,而应变能力强的考虑接盘的位置。
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一场好的辩论赛需要长久的准备,今天读文网小编给大家分享一些关于怎样准备一场好的辩论赛的方法,希望对大家有所帮助。
逻辑分析与处理包括:(1)因果关系的分析;(2)论证推理的难点及相应对策研究。
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中文的辩论赛已经被很多人所崇拜了,那么英语的辩论赛是不是让更多的人望尘莫及呢?今天读文网小编给大家分享一些英语辩论赛中的小技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。
Clarity: Avoid use of terms which can be interpreted differently by different readers. When we are talking to people who substantially agree with us we can use such terms as "rednecks" or "liberals" and feel reasonably sure that we will be understood. But in a debate, we are talking to people who substantially disagree with us and they are likely to put a different interpretation on such words.
Evidence: Quoting an authority is not evidence. Quoting a majority opinion is not evidence. Any argument that starts with, "According to Einstein..." is not based on objective evidence. Any argument that starts with, "Most biologists believe..." is not based on objective evidence. Saying, "The Bible says..." is not evidence. Authorities and majorities can be wrong and frequently have been.
Emotionalism: Avoid emotionally charged words--words that are likely to produce more heat than light. Certainly the racial, ethnic, or religious hate words have no place in rational debating. Likewise, avoid argumentum ad hominem. Personal attacks on your opponent are an admission of intellectual bankruptcy. Also, slurs directed at groups with whom your opponent is identified are usually nonproductive. Try to keep attention centered on the objective problem itself. There is a special problem when debating social, psychological, political, or religious ideas because a person's theories about these matters presumably have some effect on his own life style. In other words, rather than saying "and that's why you are such an undisciplined wreck" say, "a person adopting your position is, I believe, likely to become an undisciplined wreck because ..."
Causality: Avoid the blunder of asserting a causal relationship with the popular fallacy of post hoc ergo propter hoc which declares that because some event A happened and immediately afterward event B happened that event A was the cause of event B.(I knew someone whose car stalled on the way to work. She would get out and open the hood and slam it and then the car would start. Singing a song would have been just as effective to allow time for a vapor lock to dissipate!) Also avoid the popular fallacy that correlation proves causation. People who own Cadillacs, on average, have higher incomes than people who don't. This does not mean that if we provided people with Cadillacs that they would have higher incomes.
Innuendo(影射):Innuendo is saying something pejorative about your opponent without coming right out and saying it but by making more or less veiled allusions to some circumstance, rumor, or popular belief. If you want to see some excellent examples of innuendo, watch Rush Limbaugh. Politicians are, unfortunately, frequently guilty of using innuendo. It is an easy way to capitalize on popular prejudices without having to make explicit statements which might be difficult or impossible to defend against rational attack.
Be sure of your facts. What is the source of your information? If it is a newspaper or a magazine, are you sure that the information hasn't been "slanted" to agree with that publication's political bias? Where crucial facts are concerned, it is best to check with more than one source. Often international publications will give you a different perspective than your hometown newspaper. Check to see whether the book you are using was published by a regular publishing company or whether it was published by some special interest group like the John Birch Society or a religious organization. These books cannot be trusted to present unbiased evidence since their motivation for publishing is not truth but rather the furtherance of some political or religious view.
Understand your opponents' arguments. It is good practice to argue with a friend and take a position with which you do not agree. In this way you may discover some of the assumptions your opponents are making which will help you in the debate. Remember that everybody thinks that his position is the right one, and everybody has his reasons for thinking so.
Do not impute ridiculous or malevolent ideas to your opponent.
An example of this is the rhetorical statement, "Have you stopped beating your wife?" This imputes or presupposes that your opponent has beaten his wife. One frequently sees references by conservative speakers and writers to the idea that gay activists want "special privileges." This would be ridiculous if it were true. It isn't true, but speaking as if it were true and well known to all is egregiously unfair to listeners or readers who may not be well informed. It is probably always wise to treat your opponent with respect, even if he doesn't deserve it. If he doesn't deserve respect, this will probably soon become obvious enough.
Regression to the mean(逻辑退化): Another source of error which occurs very frequently is the failure to take into account regression to the mean. This is a bit technical, but it is very important, especially in any kind of social or psychological research which depends upon statistical surveys or even experiments which involve statistical sampling. Rather than a general statement of the principle (which becomes more and more unintelligible as the statement becomes more and more rigorous) an example will be used.
Let's consider intelligence testing.
1. Perhaps we have a drug that is supposed to raise the IQ of mentally retarded kids. So we give a thousand intelligence tests and select the 30 lowest scoring individuals.
2. We then give these low scoring kids our drug and test them again.
3. We find that there has been an increase in the average of their IQ scores.
4. Is this evidence that the drug increased the IQ?
Not necessarily! Suppose we want to show that smoking marijuana lowers the IQ. Well, we take the 30 highest scoring kids in our sample and give them THC and test them again. We find a lower average IQ.
Is this evidence that marijuana lowers the IQ?
Not necessarily! Any statistician knows that if you make some kind of a measurement of some attribute of a large sample of people and then select the highest and lowest scoring individuals and make the same measurement again, the high scoring group will have a lower average score and the low scoring group will have a higher average score than they did the first time. This is called "regression to the mean" and it is a perfectly universal statistical principle.
There are undoubtedly more points to be made here. Suggestions will be gratefully received. Larry has made the following suggestions:
· Apply the scientific method. (运用科学方法)
· Cite relevant personal experience. (合理引用相关的个人经历)
· Be polite. (辩论过程中有礼待人)
· Organize your response. (Beginning, middle, end.) (对你辩词进行合理的组织)
· Treat people as individuals.
· Cite sources for statistics and studies used.
· Literacy works. Break posts into sentences and paragraphs.
· Read the post you are responding to.
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中文的辩论赛已经被很多人所崇拜了,那么英语的辩论赛是不是让更多的人望尘莫及呢?今天读文网小编给大家分享一些英语辩论赛中的小技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。
记得你这个是英语辩论赛,全程是用英语进行的,你的对手在你说话快的程度可能会听得到明白你在说话,但大部分听众对于你说得快的情况就会不知道你在说什么,这样就是失去辩论的意义。
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中文的辩论赛已经被很多人所崇拜了,那么英语的辩论赛是不是让更多的人望尘莫及呢?今天读文网小编给大家分享一些英语辩论赛中的主持词,希望对大家有所帮助。
Welcome to the debating competition of the issue “the advantages s and disadvantages of Qinghai—Tibet railway”. We have 8debators today,4 on each side and the positive side is leaded by XXX,the rest debaters are XX, XX. And the members of the negative team are XX,XX is the leader of their team .ok ,good luck to they(.or hot welcome to them.)
Next, I want to introduce today’s judges, they are our dear instructor mrsyan,and our classmates XX ,XX,XX ,XX, hot welcome to all of you .and thanks to all for joining today’s debating competition.
Now, I would like to introduce the rules for the contest.
The first is the time .each debater is allowed to express in limited.
Secondly, speakers are not allowed to bring any notes in hand.
Thirdly,
Welcome comeback ,after our judges’ discussion, the most exciting moment is coming, the winner of today’s debating competition is the---.and the best debater is .congratulation!
i hope we can express ourselves on the stage in English ,I hope we can show what we have learned in the competition, I hope we can exchange experience of how to learn English better, I hope we all make good use of this opportunity to improve ourselves.
Ok, this is the end of today’s English debating competition .thank you all for join us today, I hope all of you can have a good time .thank you .
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英语辩论赛不同于中文辩论赛,很多语言上的出错就可能导致这一场辩论赛的失败。今天读文网小编给大家分享一些英语辩论赛中的常用语,希望对大家有所帮助。
I’m not sure really.
Do you think so?
Well, it depends.
I’m not so certain.
Well, I’m not so sure about that.
I’m inclined to disagree with that.
No, I don’t think so really.?
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俗话说:磨刀不误砍柴工,大家都明白这句话的道理。那么在辩论赛上准备工作也是一样重要的,如何准备一场辩论赛呢?今天读文网小编给大家分享一些如何准备一场辩论赛的小技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。
根据辩题需要,搜集材料的基本方法是制作“卡片”。对于搜集到手的材料,按照已经讲过和原则进行分类、分析,决定取舍。
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辩论赛前,面对一个辩题,如何在有限的时间里从无到有的为比赛作好充分准备呢?今天读文网小编给大家分享一些辩论赛前准备的小技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。
新人参加辩论赛所遇到的第一个问题往往是:不知道怎么入手准备辩题。大量宝贵的讨论时间消磨在不知所措和无谓的钻牛角尖式的争论之中。
就以7天时间为例说说怎么准备辩题。当然前提是这7天里每天4小时左右集体讨论上场队员不能缺席,最好替补也能参加。
第一天:轮流发言,吵架。
拿到辩题先不要想别的,就以第一感觉为准,从个人的观点出发阐述自己的想法。
不一定非得是站在哪一方的,怎么想的怎么说。最好能分成两派形成争论。理不辩不明嘛!在争论中,基本的思路和想法就有了雏形,甚至对对方的论点和思路,也有了大致的了解。
第二天:立论。
总结,沉淀前一天讨论出的观点,取其精华,去其糟粕,同时加入一些经过一晚上冷静思考的产物,再加以串联。其逻辑上的脉络也就成了我们常说的“主线”。而前一天的争论,又可以告诉我们,有哪些关键理论不能松口,一旦被突破就会导致全线溃败。这就是“底线”,是我方理论的“生命线”。
第三天:继续吵架。
这一天的吵架就比第一天的更理性更深入也更有针对性,是在底线之上,围绕主线展开的。为避免思维混乱,我个人不提倡模拟辩论,尤其反对辩手站到对方论点上思考对方的逻辑。因为作为辩题来讲,必定正反都说的开,辩手的思维不宜左右摇摆,否则自己先乱套了。这一天还有一项重要工作,就是一辩稿出炉,作为第一炮。一辩稿是很讲究的,要似有似无,好像说了什么,又好像什么也没说。让对方摸不到我们的逻辑,不知道我们想要打哪里,更不知道我们怕哪里。所以说,一篇优秀的一辩稿是很难得的。
第四第五天:赛前准备,还是吵架。
这两天的吵架又不同于以往了,以前一天的讨论为基础,确定主攻方向和主攻理论,确立主要战场,确定作战计划,分析材料,筛选例子、诗词等等。更有了一定的针对性和业务性,应该在经验略丰富的辩手的指导和参与下进行。
第六天:吵完了,理论回顾。
连吵了几天,今天冷静一下,看看我们的主线还有没有什么漏洞,还有什么可加强的地方,看看是不是有血有肉了——也就是手头的资料是不是足以支撑观点。
OK的就PASS,不OK的就接着讨论直到OK为止。
然后二三辩就盘问问题,盘问小结进行准备,四辩开始写结辩陈词。
第七天:定稿,最后准备。
所有文字稿全部定稿,全队讨论。就比赛细节进行讨论。
如果有余力有空闲,还可以研究一两个逻辑“炸弹”,比赛时用来加强效果,这一天的准备最轻松也最不轻松,轻松的是心态,工作可是很重要的,轻松不得。
这就是7天准备时间的分配问题,请注意,这只是集体讨论的时间,辩手找资料,写稿的时间没有计算在内。
后记:一般比赛准备时间以7天为宜,最长也最好不要拖过15天,时间过长辩手容易失去比赛状态,或者对辩题失去兴趣,对比赛来说,这种情况是很危险的。
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中文辩论赛不同于英文辩论赛,那么英语辩论赛的主席是怎么样发言的呢?今天读文网小编给大家分享一篇英语辩论赛主席的发言稿范文,希望对大家有所帮助。
Good afternoon boys and girls, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the English Speech contest of ~~~. Firstly, let’s introduce today's honorable leader and guests: the only leader and judge ,our teacher~~~~and all the schoolmates of class two , welcome!!! Now please welcome Ms ******* to give us a speech..
Thank you, Ms *******
This class will be our stage to show our strong ability in debating and I'm your chief judge.
I think you all have known the topic today Should different cultures Merge into each other or maintain their unique factures?
比赛要求
First,let`s introduce the two teams : Sit on my right hand side is the positive side, They hold the opinion different cultures should Merge into each other. Welcome!!
正方发言
thank you for the Wonderful opening of positive side.
Sit on my left hand side is the negative side, They hold the opinion different cultures should matain their unique factures. Welcome~!!!
反方发言
thank you for the Wonderful opening of negative side.
As everybody is ready now, here starts the debate. Let us listen to both sides of the opponent.
Then, entered the first stage, let's listen to the debater one of positive is how the first. Time for three minutes. Timing begins.###
Thank you for the wonderful speech. now let’s listen to the debater one of negative’s speech. time is also three minutes. Timing begins!
You can see the specification in speech, both the opponent is assurance. Next we will enter the test individual should debate the ability of attack of the argument. Please debater two of positive side select debater two or three of negative side to the questions. ##Time is one and half minutes. Timing begins!
Time is up! Please debater three of positive side select debater two or three of negative side to the questions. ##Time is one and half minutes. Timing begins!
Time is up!! Now Please debater two of negative side select debater two or three of positive side to the questions. Time is one and half minutes. the timer starts.
Time is up! Now Please debater three of negative side select debater two or three of positive side to the questions. Time is one and half minutes. the timer starts.
Time is up! Thank you, after just both a debate, next is their talent, is also the time for the most wonderful moments -- debate free debate. Well, now I declare the official start of free debate, please speak first square, time began.
Well, everyone audience, just this free debate has been very exciting, but both contestants on the fourth summary statement to be done, often more important. We start with four anti-party debate, and the time is 2 minutes, time began.
Thank you, we now please do contend for four square square summarizing statements, time is 2 minutes, timer starts.
Well, thank you for the wonderful debator, party win debates, please give everyone a objective and impartial judge the answer, please judges contestants and evaluation, and the audience friends, please wait a moment.
Below I announced a game best debator is:~~~The team won the game is: ~~~~
Up to now, the game has all over.
Once again thank guests as coming, thank you for your attention and support! Thank you!
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要想参加一场英语的辩论赛就要提前知道它的流程是怎么样的?今天读文网小编给大家分享关于英语辩论赛流程的小知识,希望对大家有所帮助。
(一)阐明立场阶段(2分钟):
由双方一辩进行观点说明。也就是辩论双方针对辩论赛主题进行观点阐述。
1)正方一辩发言(1分钟)
第1分钟结束时--举牌提示,最后15秒--举牌提示。
2)反方一辩发言(1分钟)
第1分钟结束时--举牌提示,最后15秒--举牌提示。
(二)攻辩阶段(2分钟):
1)正方二辩选择反方二辩(1分钟)
提问时间为10秒,回答时间为50秒。
2)反方二辩选择正方二辩(1分钟)
同上
(三)自由辩论阶段(2分钟):
时间是双方各2分钟。由正反双方(四个辩手均可发言)自由轮流发言。发言辩手落座为发言结束,同时另一方开始发言,另一辩手必须紧接着发言,若有间隙,累计时间照常进行。同一方的发言次序不限。如果一方用时已完,另一方可以继续发言,也可以向主持人提出不发言。
(四)讨论时间(2分钟):
在讨论时间内,观众可向正反方各提一个问题,由双方选派一名选手作答。该环节主要是增加比赛观赏性,不影响比赛结果。
(五)结辩陈词阶段(2分钟):
由双方2辩进行结辩陈词。也就是辩论双方针对辩论赛整体态势进行总结陈词。
1)反方2辩总结(1分钟)
最后15秒--举牌提示。
2)正方2辩总结(1分钟)
最后15秒--举牌提示。
3、主持人致辞:
比赛结束。
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“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛创始于1997年,每年举办一届,是目前国内规模最大、水平最高的英语口语赛事。今天读文网小编给大家分享一下第十三届“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛辩题,希望对大家有所帮助。
0. Campus Life
a. China abolish English as a compulsory subject inpostgraduate entrance examinations.
b. China make military training compulsory for allcollege students.
c. All major corporations operating in China shouldbe required to offer student internships.
1. Culture
a. THW require study of the traditional styleChinese writing.
b. TH opposes the private ownership of artifactsdeemed to be national treasures.
c. THBT Shanzhai culture is bad for China.
2. Education
a. THW base teachers? pay on their students? performance.
b. THW make community service compulsory for all college students.
c. THBT Chinese compulsory education should be extended to 12 years
3. Economy
a. TH supports a new international trading currency.
b. THB that China should stop buying US debt.
c. China should issue consumption vouchers to stimulate the economy.
4. Global climate change
a. Developed nations should accept global warming refugees
b. Those affected by global climate change should have the right to sue major carbon-emitting nations.
c. China should cap its carbon emissions.
5. East Asia
a. Immediate elections are in Thailand抯 best interest.
b. ASEAN should expel Myanmar
c. Direct negotiations between the US and North Korea are preferable to the Six-Party Talks.
6. Family & Population
a. THBT women should be allowed to sell their eggs
b. TH would require the father抯 consent for abortions.
c. China should legalize marriage between homosexuals.
7. Crime & Punishment
a. Criminals sentenced to life imprisonment without parole should be allowed to choose deathinstead.
b. China should establish a national DNA database of all citizens for the purposes of criminalinvestigations.
c. This house would make parents liable for their children抯 crimes.
8. Governing & Government
a. THW make one-year military service a qualification for public servants.
b. TH would require government officials to make full financial disclosure to the public.
c. THW make all NPC representatives full-time, professional legislators.
Octofinals: Medical service
a. China should ban hymen reconstruction surgeries.
b. China should legalize physician-assisted suicide.
c. The World Health Organization (WHO) should have the authority to quarantine in times ofhealth crises.
Quarterfinals: Judiciary
a. China should apply capital punishment only to homicide cases.
b. China should fully establish a jury-by-peers system.
c. Judges should be elected.
Semifinals: International Issues
SEMIFINAL #1
a. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization should admit Iran as a full member.
b. The United Nations should take control of Jerusalem.
c. NATO should fully withdraw from Afghanistan before 2012.
SEMIFINAL #2
a. The USA should stop promoting democracy as part of their foreign policy.
b. Pre-emptive strikes on Somalia to curb piracy are justified.
c. This house supports Spain抯 criminal prosecution of members of the Bush administration.
Finals
The PRC should ban the production, sale and consumption of all tobacco products.
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安乐死是医学界最有争议的问题之一,人们在对待安乐死上看法不一致。有些人认为他是对的,但其他的不这样认为。今天读文网小编给大家分享一篇有关安乐死的英语辩论赛,希望对大家有所帮助。
一、赞成
1.If a person loses the survivability of the community has not contributed to lose the meaning of life.reduce reliance on others and a burden on society.
如果一个人失去了生存能力,对社会没有了贡献,也就失去了生命的意义,减少对别人的倚赖和对社会的负担。
2.the complete elimination of euthanasia patients can be painful diseases, mental stress and depression thinking exists.
安乐死可以彻底消除病人的疾病痛苦,精神压力和思想懮愁
3.a person bound to die sooner or later die; One hundred dead, the living dead are free, patients and relatives reflex happy
人总难免一死,早晚都是死;一死百了,死人活人都解脱,患者与亲朋皆大欢
4.the lives of their own people, individuals have the right to end their lives, which is opposed to the human rights and personal freedom.
人的生命属于自己,个人有权结束生命,这是个人自由和独享的人权
5.we believe that euthanasia is a form of respect for life.
安乐死是尊重生命的一种方式。
6. 首先,从主观方面来讲,安乐死对于病人自身,是一种减少生命痛苦的方式。人,总是趋利避害的,没有人会说“我要去寻找痛苦,我要去远离快乐”。当一个人处于精神和躯体的极端痛苦之下,当生命的存在已成为一场噩梦,我们难道还要 提及道德和伦理吗?生存这个基本的“长度”都已经不能够维持,还要来谈及生命的宽度,还要去顾及伦理的重量吗?
First,from a subjective point of view.Euthanasia for the patients themselves, is a way to reduce human suffering.People always seek
advantages and avoid disadvantages, and no one would say, "I am going to look
painful, I had to go far from happy."When a person is
under extreme suffering in the body and the spirit, when the very existence of life has become a nightmare.Should we mention the
moral and ethical?The basic survival of the "length" are not able to maintain, but also to talk about the breadth of life,we still
have to take into account the weight of ethics?
7.We feel this suffering, we have come with this then you have no choice in the circumstances, we have chosen euthanasia.This is not contempt for life, nor is it moral decline.Instead, it was a time in the lives of torment and suffering to the loved ones around us to the people we love.more acceptable alternative to the road.Therefore, we believe that euthanasia is a form of respect for life.
我们感受着这种痛苦,我们体会着这个中滋味,在无法选择的情况下,我们选择了安乐死。这不是对生命的藐视,也不是道德的沦丧。反而,这是一种
在生命面临煎熬和磨难的时候,为我们身边的亲人,为我们爱着的人,选择另一条更容易接受的道路。因此,我方认为,安乐死是尊重生命的一种方式.
二、反对
1. Euthanasia is a rejection of the importance and value of human life
安乐死是拒绝了人类生活的意义和价值
2,"euthanasia" if legal form confirm down, may be some people use to depriving the life of others. In addition, to the understanding of the disease in humans is still very limited circumstances, without legal license and others end life, contrary to the right to live moral principles.
“安乐死”如果以法律形式确认下来,可能会被一些人利用,用以非法剥夺他人的生命。另外,在人类对疾病的认识还十分有限的情况下,未经法律许可而结束他人生命,有悖于生存权利的道德准则。
3.Oppose euthanasia people have argued that the euthanasia is a violation of the laws of nature and death against natural behavior, weaken the human overcome the disaster of the strength and courage.
反对安乐死合法化的人士则认为,安乐死是违反生老病死自然规律的反自然行为,削弱了人类战胜灾难的力量和勇气。
4.Euthanasia is disguised violations of the right to life
安乐死是变相侵害生命权
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“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛创始于1997年,每年举办一届,是目前国内规模最大、水平最高的英语口语赛事。今天读文网小编给大家分享一些“外研社杯”全国大学生英语辩论赛校园选拔赛组织规范,希望对大家有所帮助。
一、“外研社杯”全国大学生英语辩论赛校园选拔赛(下称校选赛)组织单位:
“外研社杯”全国大学生英语辩论赛的通知由团中央学校部下发至各高校团委。原则上,组织单位应为共青团各高校委员会,也可为各高校的英语学院(或英语系)。
二、校选赛举办形式:
校选赛可以有多种举办形式,目前主要有单一高校组织的校级规模的校选赛和多所高校联合组织的更大规模的校际联赛。
三、校选赛举办时间:
校选赛的举办时间一般为本年度10月至次年3月间。
四、校选赛参赛人群:
校选赛参赛人群为具有中国国籍的全日制在校大学本科生和研究生,专业不限。
五、注意事项:
1.校选赛应严格按照BP赛制进行选拔,相关赛制应在赛前作好培训。
2.校选赛应严格辩题审核,避免政治导向和文化安全问题,辩题不应涉及政治敏感内容。
3.单一高校组织的校选赛应组织不少于3轮比赛,应尽量安排前4名决赛对决。
4.多校组织的校际联赛应组织不少于5轮比赛,须安排前4名决赛对决。校际联赛没有保护原则,当同一赛场出现多支同校队伍时,不作排他处理。
5.所有参赛选手都应在大赛官网或微信平台注册报名,未注册报名的队伍,将不予以晋级资格。
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随着英语越来越广泛应用,用英语进行辩论的比赛也越来越普遍,今天读文网小编给大家分享一些英语辩论赛的程序和步骤,希望对大家有所帮助。
1、时间提示
自由辩论阶段,每方使用时间剩余30秒时,记时员以一次短促的铃声提醒;用时满时,以钟声终止发言。攻辩小结阶段,每方使用时间剩余10秒时,记时员以一次短促的铃声提醒,用时满时,以钟声终止发言。其它阶段,每方队员在用时尚剩30秒时,记时员以一次短促铃声提醒,用时满时,以钟声终止发言。终止钟声响时,发言辩手必须停止发言,否则作违规处理。
2、陈词
提倡即兴陈词,引经据典恰当。
3、开篇立论
由于本次比赛辩题大都富于生活化色彩,所以开篇立论无须在理论的层面上过多纠缠。立论要求逻辑清晰,言简意赅。
4、攻辩
(1) 攻辩由正方二辩开始,正反方交替进行。
(2)正反方二、三辩参加攻辩。正反方一辩作攻辩小结。正反方二、三辩各有且必须有一次作为攻方;辩方由攻方任意指定,不受次数限制。攻辩双方必须单独完成本轮攻辩,不得中途更替。
(3)攻辩双方必须正面回答对方问题,提问和回答都要简洁明确。重复提问和回避问题均要被扣分。每一轮攻辩,攻辩角色不得互换,辩方不得反问,攻方也不得回答问题。
(4)正反方选手战立完成第一轮攻辩阶段,攻辩双方任意一方落座视为完成本方攻辩,对方选手在限时内任意发挥(陈词或继续发问)。
(5)每一轮攻辩阶段为1分30秒,攻方每次提问不得超过10秒,每轮必须提出三个以上的问题。辩方每次回答不得超过20秒。用时满时,以钟声终止发言,若攻辩双方尚未完成提问或回答,不作扣分处理。
(6)四轮攻辩阶段完毕,先由正方一辩再由反方一辩为本队作攻辩小结,限时1分30秒。正反双方的攻辩小结要针对攻辩阶段的态势及涉及内容,严禁脱离比赛实际状况的背稿。
5、自由辩论
这一阶段,正反方辩手自动轮流发言。发言辩手落座为发言结束即为另一方发言开始的记时标志,另一方辩手必须紧接着发言;若有间隙,累积时照常进行。同一方辩手的发言次序不限。如果一方时间已经用完,另一方可以继续发言,也可向主席示意放弃发言。自由辩论提倡积极交锋,对重要问题回避交锋两次以上的一方扣分,对于对方已经明确回答的问题仍然纠缠不放的,适当扣分。
6、观众提问
观众提问阶段正反方的表现算入比赛成绩。观众提出的问题先经2位以上规则评委判定有效后,被提问方才能回答。正反方各回答两个观众提出的问题,双方除四辩外任意辩手作答。一个问题的回答时间为1分钟,如一位辩手的回答用时未满,其他辩手可以补充。
7、结辩
辩论双方应针对辩论会整体态势进行总结陈词;脱离实际,背诵事先准备的稿件,适当扣分。
看了“"英语辩论赛的程序和步骤"”
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辩论是指把对人进行考查后所作的鉴定加以认真分析。彼此用一定理由来说明自己对事物或问题的见解,揭露对方的矛盾,以便取得最后的认识或共同的意见。辩论赛是它的常见形式。今天读文网小编给大家分享一些新手在准备辩论赛时候的注意事项,希望对大家有所帮助。
1.没有探讨辩题的定义
辩论之所以能够开始,是因为有辩论的前提和标准,所谓前提和标准,就是对辩题的理解,也可以说,就是对辩题中每个字词的定义的解释。只有从辩题的单个概念开始,然后扩展到对整个辩题,都能够在意思上把握清楚,在整个思路展开的过程中才有了立足点,才能在比赛的过程中做到有的放矢。
2.没有搜集必要的资料
现实生活中知识面极广的同学终究是少数,也就是说,我们拿到一个我们完全不理解的辩题是很正常的事情,那么我首先要做的是要去搜集必要的资料,要注意的是,搜集必要的资料,并不是把辩题复制到百度的搜索栏中,看看有没有现成的比赛视频或者辩词,那只是一小部分,因为即便有很多,我们也不可能在自己的比赛中照搬,其实,在搜集资料的过程中,把辩题所讨论的话题的内涵外延都进行必要的了解这个才是个人认为最重要的。
3.没有进行小组讨论或者深入思考
辩论是一支队伍的事情,这是常识。所以,个人十分推荐小组讨论,集中大家的力量,比较容易找到突破口,其次,在一起讨论的过程,也是队友之前培养默契的过程。如果缺少了这个过程,就直接求助或者寻找观点的话,很容易被他人的观点和体系所吸引,就会缺乏必要的批判精神,而一旦这个体系有缺陷的话,对于比赛来说,可能影响是不可弥补的。另外,小组讨论过之后,自己对于辩题已经有了一定的想法,纵然可能不是很成熟,但是在求助的过程中,往往会得到很好的启发。这也就是所谓:“我有一个思想,你有一个思想,我们彼此交换,每个人就有两个思想,甚至多出一个思想”。
4.没有一辩稿就着急攻辩问题
一支队伍对于一个辩题的理解总是会集中在一个地方,那就是一辩稿。可以说,一辩稿在一定程度上决定了胜负。所以说,一定要在一辩稿上发给足够的时间和精力。反观攻辩问题,其实攻辩的策略有很多,但是总体上来说,还是围绕自己的论点来进行比较好把握,而要做到这一点,必须要成型的一辩稿。所以我个人认为尽量在一辩稿成型之后再考虑攻辩问题等等相对比较好。
5.想找到对方不能反驳的内容
如果不是发生了类似于低级失误的情况的话,辩论场上是不会有让对方哑口无言的问题或者是立论的,因为每个辩题的形成本身就是考虑到双方都有道理可讲,另外,参加比赛的同学或多或少也是在这方面相对有天赋的,所以想把对方说得哑口无言,可能性并不是很大。所以,最现实的做法还是做好自己的立论,准备好自己的问题和例子,在比赛的过程中注重配合和临场发挥,才是取胜之道。
可能还远不止这些, 其实以上种种问题的产生,主要是由于新人对于辩论、辩论赛的理解还不到位,在准备的过程中急于求成,把胜负看得太重,也太简单。这种状况几乎在每个新人的身上都会或多或少地表现出来,如果真的遇到了这种状况,只要把心放下来,踏踏实实准备,不要考虑太多,多参加几次比赛,积累了一定的经验之后,自然就会好转。
6.概念的模糊和清晰
其实不光是概念,很多场合都需要模糊的语言让对方找不到靶子,这似乎和第3点有点矛盾,但第3点指的是一般情况,而这里指的却是特殊情况。举个例子:在“法治能消除腐败”的训练赛中,我持正方立场,这时我方面临的一个难题是怎样给消除下一个定义,消除的权威定义是使不存在,如果同意这个定义,显然不利;如果不同意,这个定义又实在太难驳倒,甚至很难防守。最后我方采用了这样的定义:法治能消除腐败,指的是法治的惩治、防范、监督、教育几种功能相互作用的动态过程。实战效果颇佳,对方没有什么好办法指出我方这个定义错在何处,结果在枝节问题上作了大量的纠缠。可以看出,概念模糊化目的是为了防守,这种概念的本意对已方是不利的又或者无法定义精确。相反,概念的清晰是为了进攻,如上例中反方当然要旗帜鲜明地提出消除就是使不存在,使腐败现象为零,这样才能加强进攻的力度。
希望由于各种原因接触到辩论的同学们,在辩论的道路上能够坚持下去。
看了“"新手在准备辩论赛时的注意事项"”
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“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛创始于1997年,每年举办一届,是目前国内规模最大、水平最高的英语口语赛事。今天读文网小编给大家分享一些第十三届“外研社杯”英语辩论赛的辩题,希望对大家有所帮助。
1. Culture
a. THW require study of the traditional style Chinese writing.
b. TH opposes the private ownership of artifacts deemed to be national treasures.
c. THBT Shanzhai culture is bad for China.
2. Education
a. THW base teachers? pay on their students? performance.
b. THW make community service compulsory for all college students.
c. THBT Chinese compulsory education should be extended to 12 years
3. Economy
a. TH supports a new international trading currency.
b. THB that China should stop buying US debt.
c. China should issue consumption vouchers to stimulate the economy.
4. Global climate change
a. Developed nations should accept global warming refugees
b. Those affected by global climate change should have the right to sue major carbon-emitting nations.
c. China should cap its carbon emissions.
5. East Asia
a. Immediate elections are in Thailand抯 best interest.
b. ASEAN should expel Myanmar
c. Direct negotiations between the US and North Korea are preferable to the Six-Party Talks.
6. Family & Population
a. THBT women should be allowed to sell their eggs
b. TH would require the father抯 consent for abortions.
c. China should legalize marriage between homosexuals.
7. Crime & Punishment
a. Criminals sentenced to life imprisonment without parole should be allowed to choose death instead.
b. China should establish a national DNA database of all citizens for the purposes of criminal investigations.
c. This house would make parents liable for their children抯 crimes.
8. Governing & Government
a. THW make one-year military service a qualification for public servants.
b. TH would require government officials to make full financial disclosure to the public.
c. THW make all NPC representatives full-time, professional legislators.
9.Campus Life
a. China abolish English as a compulsory subject in postgraduate entrance examinations.
b. China make military training compulsory for all college students.
c. All major corporations operating in China should be required to offer student internships.
Octofinals: Medical service
a. China should ban hymen reconstruction surgeries.
b. China should legalize physician-assisted suicide.
c. The World Health Organization (WHO) should have the authority to quarantine in times of health crises.
Quarterfinals: Judiciary
a. China should apply capital punishment only to homicide cases.
b. China should fully establish a jury-by-peers system.
c. Judges should be elected.
Semifinals: International Issues
SEMIFINAL #1
a. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization should admit Iran as a full member.
b. The United Nations should take control of Jerusalem.
c. NATO should fully withdraw from Afghanistan before 2012.
SEMIFINAL #2
a. The USA should stop promoting democracy as part of their foreign policy.
b. Pre-emptive strikes on Somalia to curb piracy are justified.
c. This house supports Spain criminal prosecution of members of the Bush administration.
看了“"第十三届“外研社杯”英语辩论赛辩题"”
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